International Fellowship Research Articles

Tail wavelets in merger of binary compact objects * * Supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (11805166, 11575083); as well as Shandong Province Natural Science Foundation (ZR201709220395). We also gratefully acknowledge the financial support from Brazilian funding agencies Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico

We present a model for tail wavelets, a phenomenon known as “echo” in the literature. The tail wavelet may appear in signal reconnaissances in the merger of binary compact objects, including black holes and neutron stars. We show that the dark matter surrounding the compact objects lead to a speculated tail wavelet following the main gravitational wave (GW). We demonstrate that the radiation pressure of the main wave is fully capable of pushing away the surrounding matter to some altitude, and splashing down of the matter excites the tail wavelet after ringing down of the main wave. We illustrate this concept in a simplified model, where numerical estimations are conducted on the specific distribution of dark matter outside the black hole horizon and the threshold values in accordance with observations. We study the full back reaction of the surrounding dark matter to the metric and find that the effect on to the tail wavelets is insignificant. We reveal the fine difference between the tail wavelets of a dressed and a bare black hole. We demonstrate that the tail wavelet can appear as a natural phenomenon in the frame of general relativity, without invoking modified gravities or quantum effects.

First person profile: Sir Murray Brennan, MD: A legendary surgical oncologist, Dr. Brennan's research on soft tissue sarcomas and his willingness to mentor others have left a mark on the field.

First person profile: Sir Murray Brennan, MD: A legendary surgical oncologist, Dr. Brennan's research on soft tissue sarcomas and his willingness to mentor others have left a mark on the field.

Charged pion condensation in anti-parallel electromagnetic fields and nonzero isospin density * * J.Y.C. is supported by the NSFC under Grant number: 11605254 and Major State Basic Research Development Program in China (2015CB856903). M.H. is supported by the NSFC under Grant No. 11725523, 11735007 and 11261130311(CRC 110 by DFG and NSFC). A.R. is supported by the CAS President's international fellowship

The formation of charged pion condensate in anti-parallel electromagnetic fields and in the presence of the isospin chemical potential is studied in the two-flavor Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model. The method of Schwinger proper time is extended to explore the quantities in the off-diagonal flavor space, i.e. the charged pion. In this framework, are treated as bound states of quarks and not as point-like charged particles. The isospin chemical potential plays the role of a trigger for charged pion condensation. We obtain the associated effective potential as a function of the strength of the electromagnetic fields and find that it contains a sextic term which possibly induces a weak first order phase transition. The dependence of pion condensation on model parameters is investigated.

Neutron-antineutron oscillations in the deuteron studied with NN and N̄N interactions based on chiral effective field theory * * This work is supported in part by the DFG and the NSFC through funds provided to the Sino-German CRC 110 "Symmetries and the Emergence of Structure in QCD" (DFG grant. no. TRR 110) and the VolkswagenStiftung (93562). The work of UGM

Neutron-antineutron ( ) oscillations in the deuteron are considered. Specifically, the deuteron lifetime is calculated in terms of the free-space oscillation time based on and interactions derived within chiral effective field theory (EFT). This results in s, which is close to the value obtained by Dover and collaborators more than three decades ago, but disagrees with recent EFT calculations that were performed within the perturbative scheme proposed by Kaplan, Savage, and Wise. Possible reasons for the difference are discussed.

A consideration of the cultural differences in the undergraduate medical curriculum of the West and Asia: Reflections triggered by observations made at Thomas Jefferson University (TJU)

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. I participated in an international fellowship exchange program at Thomas Jefferson University (TJU) in Pennsylvania, USA. Through this fellowship, I was able to obtain an overview of the undergraduate medical curriculum taught at this university. Although I have contemplated the differences between medical education at TJU and the syllabus taught in Japan, I caution that one cannot directly transfer the components of TJU program to universities in Japan because of the dissimilar cultural contexts of Western countries and Asian nations. I believe that the focus of undergraduate medical education requires careful consideration of specific socio-cultural backgrounds.

A Study on the Correlation Between Poles and Cuts in ππ Scattering**Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China uder Grant Nos. 11805059, 11805012, 11805037, and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, the Joint Large Scale Scientific Facility Funds of the NSFC and Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) under Grant No. U1832121, Shanghai Pujiang Program under Grant No. 18PJ1401000,

In this paper we propose a dispersive method to describe two-body scattering with unitarity imposed. This approach is applied to elastic ππ scattering. The amplitudes keep single-channel unitarity and describe the experimental data well, and the low-energy amplitudes are consistent with that of chiral perturbation theory. The pole locations of the σ, f0(980), ρ(770) and f2(1270) and their couplings to ππ are obtained. A virtual state appearing in the isospin-two S-wave is confirmed. The correlations between the left (and right) hand cut and the poles are discussed. Our results show that the poles are more sensitive to the right hand cut rather than the left hand cut. The proposed method could be used to study other two-body scattering processes.

YI03.02 How to Apply for International Fellowship?

International fellowship to pursue further training is an important part of career development for junior clinicians and investigators. International fellowship will not only increase the clinical and/or research skill of the fellow, it also offers an important opportunity to establish interaction network with senior investigators and peer young investigators across the world. When applying for international fellowship, several aspects should be considered: (1) choosing the field for further training, (2) application procedure, and (3) funding availability. The choice of field for further training will largely determine the future career of the candidate and should be in line with one’s scientific or career passion and clinical/research interest. Prior experience with a role model and mentorship during earlier formative years usually has great influence on one’s decision to pursue career choice. Fellowship training can be limited to clinical only, research only or combined clinical and research training; the latter for a candidate who wishes to pursue clinician-scientist career. Once a decision to pursue further training is made, the candidate should look for fellowship opportunities. This is often through discussion with local mentors or colleagues with prior international fellowship experience, or via familiarity with potential mentors who have published extensively in the area of candidate’s interest or have lectured at international meetings. On-line searches for institutions with established fellowship program may also be useful, but many training programs may not be openly advertised, thus personal approaches and recommendations are often more fruitful. Writing an application letter that demonstrates strong background, qualification, prior track record, commitment and clear post-fellowship career pathway are key elements to win an opportunity for further interview. Availability of secured partial/full funding from local Institution or independent funding agency is a great asset for an application. While one year fellowship that involves only clinical training may be sufficient, training that involves laboratory research will usually require a minimum of 2 years tenure, as the latter usually requires more time to accomplish specific research projects. In such case, preliminary data obtained during first fellowship year may greatly contribute to applications for fellowship offered by international societies (e.g., IASLC, ASCO, AACR) or funding agencies. Training, career development, fellowship fund

YI03.01 Why to Apply for International Fellowship?

YI03.01 Why to Apply for International Fellowship?

Surgical Expertise in Neonatal Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO): A Single Center Experience.

Introduction: The surgical technique for peripheral cannulation aimed at providing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is well described. Training methods for surgeons still need proper standardization, especially in newborn patients. This study aims to evaluate the surgical training outcomes of a neonatal ECMO team.Materials and Methods: A 4 year training program (2014–2018) was developed to achieve the skills in the surgical technique for neonatal veno-arterial ECMO. Surgeons with experience in neonatal and vascular surgery were selected for the training. The training consisted of educational sessions, high-fidelity simulations, in vivo swine model procedures, international fellowship, and periodical simulations. The preliminary clinical experience in surgical neonatal ECMO management (2016-present) was analyzed by recording the following data: indications for ECMO and patients' data; effectiveness of cannulations (number; perioperative complications of cannulation; major surgical events during ECMO); efficacy of decannulation (number and perioperative complications).Results: 12 neonates (5 females) fitted the ELSO criteria for ECMO. Nine newborns were affected by CDH; 1 by H1N1 flu-related pneumonia; 1 by meconium aspiration syndrome and one by Respiratory Syncytial Virus related bronchiolitis. Mean weight at cannulation was 3,281 g (range 2,330–3,840 g); mean gestational age was 36 weeks. No procedure was aborted, and no intra-operatory mortality was recorded. Mean operative time was 86 ± 30 min. The caliber of the carotideal cannulas ranged from 8F (8 patients) to 10F (2 patients); the caliber of the jugular cannulas were: 8F cannula (2 patients), 10F (6 patients), and 12F (2 patients). Four complications occurred: a case of air in the circuit, two cases of azygous vein cannulation and a partial dislocation of the venous cannula during the daily care maneuvers. All of them were promptly recognized and successfully treated. The mean ECMO duration was 7.1 ± 4.2 days (range 2–16 days). Seven patients (78%) were decannulated effectively. Mean decannulation time was 53 min (range 45–80 min). No complications occurred during the decannulation process. No ECMO–related deaths were recorded.Conclusions: Neonatal respiratory ECMO still represents a challenge. Experienced neonatal surgeons can manage the neck vascular cannulation. The codified procedure must be adhered to after appropriate training and following a proper learning curve.

A note on scalar meson dominance * * Partial financial support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB/TRR 110, "Symmetries and the Emergence of Structure in QCD"), by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) President's International Fellowship Initiative (PIFI) (2018DM0034) and by VolkswagenStiftung (93562) is acknowledged

We consider chiral perturbation theory with an explicit broad σ-meson and study its contribution to the scalar form factors of the pion and the nucleon. Our goal is to learn more about resonance saturation in the scalar sector.

Training of Residents and Fellows in Retinopathy of Prematurity Around the World: An International Web-Based Survey.

To characterize retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) training practices in international residency and fellowship programs. A publicly available online-based platform (http://www.SurveyMonkey.com) was used to develop a 28-question multiple-choice survey that targeted ROP screening and treatment methods. The authors solicited training programs in the Philippines, Thailand, and Taiwan. Programs from three countries participated in the survey, and a total of 95 responses collected from residents, fellows, and attending ophthalmologists were analyzed. A descriptive analysis demonstrated that 45 participants (47%) reported 1% to 33% of ROP screenings were performed under direct supervision of attending ophthalmologists, and 35 (37%) reported the use of formal assessments. The majority of participants (Country A: 87%, Country B: 71%, and Country C: 75%) estimated 1% to 33% of their practice was spent screening for ROP. Notably, 44 participants (46%) reported performing zero laser photocoagulation treatments for ROP during training (Country A: 65%, Country B: 38%, and Country C: 38%). International ophthalmology trainees perform a limited number of ROP examinations and laser interventions. ROP screenings are often unsupervised and lead to no formal evaluation by an attending ophthalmologist. Limited ROP training among ophthalmologists may lead to misdiagnosis and ultimately mismanagement of a patient. Loss of vision and exposure to unwarranted treatments are among the implications of such errors. The findings highlight the need to improve ROP training in international ophthalmology residency and fellowship programs. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2019;56(5):282-287.].

Applying a mixed methods design for needs assessment of an international fellowship training program for Mongolian health professions.

PurposeContinuing professional development is essential for improving health care services, especially in developing countries. Most of the training programs in Mongolia were not based on a targeted needs assessment. Therefore, we aimed to apply a mixed methods design to assess the training needs of Mongolian health professions.MethodsWe conducted a needs assessment using a convergent parallel mixed methods design in two steps. The survey and interview questions were developed to identify priority areas, targeted trainees, and effective training methods. A survey on 60 respondents, 15 individual interviews, and a focus group interview with 14 participants were conducted in the first step. In the second step, 12 representatives of key stakeholders were invited to a second focus group interview.ResultsCurrent health policy areas, areas related to future national plans, and areas not currently receiving governmental or international support were suggested as the main priorities. The stakeholder suggested that trainees should be selected based on their professional experience and language level, as well as each hospital’s needs. Building teams including various professions, such as nurses, technicians, and biomedical engineers, was recommended as a way to exchange ideas with each other and to build teamwork for future collaboration.ConclusionMedical training needs are dynamic and complex; therefore, a deep understanding of the context and setting is necessary. In this study, we assessed the targeted training needs of Mongolian health professions through a mixed methods design, which could be an effective way to conduct needs assessments for training programs.

Corrigendum: Influence of soft block crystallization on microstructural variation of double crystalline poly(ether‐ mb ‐amide) multiblock copolymers

Published in Polymer Crystallization 2018;1:e10012; DOI: 10.1002/pcr2.10012 The authors have notified us that their funding information was incorrect in their original article. The correct funding information is shown below. We apologize for any inconvenience this may have caused. National Natural Science Foundation of China, Grant/Award Numbers: No. 21574140, U1510207;National Key R&D Program of China, Grant/Award Number: 2017YFB0307604; CAS President's International Fellowship Initiative, Grant/Award Number: 2016VMA010.

International Fellowship between Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine & the Louis Armstrong Center for Music and Medicine

It is wonderful to have a voice as a member of the international team in ‘Rounds Corner’ and to take this opportunity to share my place in the unique forum of rounds, in writing for this journal. I’d like to share a bit about myself to provide a context for my home place which is rooted in China...

Growth of Boron-Doped Diamond Films on Gold-Coated Substrates with and without Gold Nanoparticle Formation

This work was financially supported by the Hasselt Univ. Special Research Fund (BOF) and the Methusalem NANO network. The Hercules Foundation Flanders is acknowledged for financial support of the Raman and LA MW CVD equipment. S.S.N. is a Newton International Fellow of the Royal Society. P.P. is a Postdoctoral Fellow, and J.R. is a Ph.D. Fellow of the Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO). We gratefully acknowledge Prof. Bohuslav Rezek for fruitful discussions, Mr. Bart Ruttens for EDX spectroscopic measurements, and Mr. Johnny Baccus for technical assistance.

A Community of Practice for Social Justice: Examining the Case of an International Scholarship Alumni Association in Ghana

International higher education student mobility can lead to social change in the students’ home countries. This article examines the case of the Ford Foundation’s International Fellowship Program Alumni Association in Ghana and how it has organized to affect change. Findings show that this association has assimilated many of the attributes of Wenger’s community of practice (CoP) model. These characteristics include building strong communication systems, learning together in workshops, and solving problems through regular communication: activities that have improved their “practice” of social justice advocacy. The study also challenges the CoP model in three key ways relevant to international higher education, including highlighting how graduates incorporate their overseas education in their social justice practice and the limitations of diaspora engagement. Findings aim to inform administrators and participants of international higher education schemes, with a particular focus on international scholarship programs and those seeking to promote social justice.

Triple α -particle resonances in the decay of hot nuclear systems * * Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (1176014, 11605097, 11421505,11865010), the US Department of Energy (DE-FG02-93ER40773, NNSA DE-NA0003841 (CENTAUR)), and the Robert A. Welch Foundation (A-1266). This work was also supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) President’s International Fellowship Initiative (2015VWA070), Strategic Priority

The Efimov (Thomas) trimers in excited 12C nuclei, for which no observation exists yet, are discussed by means of analyzing the experimental data of 70(64)Zn(64Ni) + 70(64)Zn(64Ni) reactions at the beam energy of E/A = 35 MeV/nucleon. In heavy ion collisions, -particles interact with each other and can form complex systems such as 8Be and 12C. For the 3 -particle systems, multi-resonance processes give rise to excited levels of 12C. The interaction between any two of the 3 -particles provides events with one, two or three 8Be. Their interfering levels are clearly seen in the minimum relative energy distributions. Events with the three -particle relative energies consistent with the ground state of 8Be are observed with the decrease of the instrumental error for the reconstructed 7.458 MeV excitation level in 12C, which was suggested as the Efimov (Thomas) state.

Observational constraints on running vacuum model * * Supported by National Center for Theoretical Sciences, MoST (MoST-104-2112-M-007-003-MY3, MoST-107-2119-M-007-013-MY3 and MoST-106-2917-I-564-055) and the Newton International Fellowship (NF160058) from the Royal Society (UK)

We investigate the power spectra of the CMB temperature and matter density in the running vacuum model (RVM) with the time-dependent cosmological constant of , where is the Hubble parameter. In this model, dark energy decreases in time and decays to both matter and radiation. By using the Markov chain Monte Carlo method, we constrain the model parameter as well as the cosmological observables. Explicitly, we obtain (68% confidence level) in the RVM with the best-fit , which is slightly smaller than in the model of .

From Ibni Sina (Avicenna) to Present, History of International Fellowship and Observership: University of Wisconsin-Madison Experience.

Since the inception of the International Fellowship (IF) Program in the Department of Neurological Surgery at the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 2006, training has been provided to 219 residents, neurosurgeons, and medical students from 18 countries and five continents. These IFs took a long academic and geographic journey to improve their skills in patient care. The advanced training, they received lead to 14 of these IF neurosurgeons to return to their hometowns with higher academic appointments, including two chairmen, seven professors, two associate professors, two assistant professors, and one consultant neurosurgeon. An additional measure of success for the IF Program is that fellows continue to communicate with their mentors and with their prior fellow international colleagues long after their fellowship ends.

Double heavy tri-hadron bound state via delocalized π bond**Supported by the DFG (TR110) and the NSFC (11621131001) through funds provided to the Sino-German CRC 110 “Symmetries and the Emergence of Structure in QCD”. The work of UGM was also supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) President’s International Fellowship Initiative (PIFI) (2018DM0034) and by VolkswagenStiftung (93562)

The number of exotic candidates that are beyond the conventional quark model has increased dramatically over recent decades. Some of these can be viewed as analogues of the deuteron. Similarly, the existence of the triton indicates that bound states formed by three hadrons could also exist. To illustrate this possibility, we study the DD*K and systems using the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. To leading order, only one-pion exchange potentials are considered. This means that the three constituents share one virtual pion. This is similar to the role of the delocalized π bond for the formation of benzene in chemistry. After solving the Schrödinger equation, we find two three-body DD*K and bound states with masses and , respectively. The masses of their and analogues are and , respectively. From the experimental side, the bound state could be found by analyzing the current world data on the process, by focusing on the J/ψ π K channel.