Analysis Of Internal Structure Research Articles

ANALISIS RASCH DALAM UTRECHT WORK ENGAGEMENT SCALE-9 (UWES-9) VERSI BAHASA INDONESIA

Using a scale in different cultural contexts requires an adaptation process for the sake of fair comparison between obtained scores. The 9-item version of Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-9) has been adapted in various countries but Indonesia. This study aimed to make a scale adaptation of the UWES-9 in Indonesia. A hundred teachers of inclusive schools in Solo, Semarang, Surabaya, and Malang were involved as participants. Data were collected both online and paper-based. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Rasch test were used to analyze the data. Result showed that the UWES-9 had high values of: overall person and item interaction (α= .85); person reliability (= .71); and item reliability (= .95). The person measure value (=1.65 logit) and separation value 1.57 indicated two respondent groups based on the degree of work engagement. The item 5 had outfit value MNSQ > 14, meaning that it was unfit. Some items were found biased toward teaching duration in inclusive school. Internal structure analysis using CFA showed that UWES-9 is a unidimensional instrument with established goodness of fit value (RMSEA = .049; CFI, NFI, & GFI > .95). To conclude, UWES-9 has adequate psychometric properties, so it can be used for research or assessment.

Analysis of cell migration and internal structure of cells cultured on the micro-grooved substrate for application of cell sorting.

Analysis of cell migration and internal structure of cells cultured on the micro-grooved substrate for application of cell sorting.

THz spectroscopy for inspection and evaluation of internal structure of sandwich samples

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to discuss the application of THz spectroscopy for the inspection and evaluation of the internal structure of complex samples with honeycomb fillers. Design/methodology/approach Three complex samples with honeycomb fillers are investigated using THz spectrometer in order to determine the applicability of chosen non-destructive method for the analysis of internal structure of structural components. The first analysed sample has aluminium honeycomb filler with some cells filled with water. The aim of the analysis is to distinguish empty and full cells. The other two sandwich samples are made of different non-metallic components and for them the possibility of THz spectroscopy application is analysed. Findings The empty and full cells in metal honeycomb filler were easily distinguished due to different absorption coefficients of electromagnetic waves in THz range for air and water. It was especially visible for frequency domain. The THz spectroscopy was able to inspect the non-metallic samples internal structures and distinguish skins (with layers), honeycomb fillers and adhesive layers between them. It was also possible to detect, localise and determine the size of a local damage of honeycomb walls due to impact influence. Originality/value The present study is an original research work. There are very limited literature papers which present analyses of internal structures of sandwich elements using THz spectroscopy and investigate utility of the method for mechanical damage and contamination (water) detection and localisation.

Reliability and Validity Assessment of the Observation of Human-Animal Interaction for Research (OHAIRE) Behavior Coding Tool.

The Observation of Human-Animal Interaction for Research (OHAIRE) is a coding tool developed to capture the behavior of children when interacting with social partners and animals in naturalistic settings. The OHAIRE behavioral categories of focus are emotional displays, social communication behaviors toward adults and peers, behaviors directed toward animals or experimental control objects, and interfering behaviors. To date, the OHAIRE has been used by 14 coders to code 2,732 min of video across four studies with a total of 201 participants ages 5 to 18 years (M = 10.1, SD = 2.5). Studies involved animal-assisted intervention with three species (i.e., dogs, horses, and guinea pigs) and three populations (i.e., autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and typically developing children) in a school, a therapeutic horseback riding program, a group therapy program, and the hospital setting. We explored the psychometric properties of the OHAIRE through analyses of its inter-rater reliability, intra-rater reliability, convergent and divergent validity, and internal structure, using data from these four human-animal interaction studies. The average inter-rater reliability was excellent (kappa = 0.81), with good reliability in most of the behavioral categories coded. Intra-rater reliability was consistently excellent (0.87 ≤ kappa ≤0.96). Internal structure analyses with Cronbach's alpha supported the exploratory use of subscales to measure social communication behaviors toward peers (α = 0.638) and adults (α = 0.605), and interactions experimental control objects (α = 0.589), and the use of a subscale to measure interactions with animals (α = 0.773). Correlation analyses with multiple questionnaires showed a convergence between positive emotional display and social behaviors as assessed by the OHAIRE and social skills as assessed by the Social Skills Rating System (SSRS) and the Social Communication Questionnaires (SCQ). Little concordance was found between the OHAIRE and the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) or the Aberrant Behavior Checklist-Community (ABC). The OHAIRE shows promise for wider use in the field of Human-Animal Interaction, with a need for generalization across more settings and ages.

Trabecular bone patterning across the human hand

Hand bone morphology is regularly used to link particular hominin species with behaviors relevant to cognitive/technological progress. Debates about the functional significance of differing hominin hand bone morphologies tend to rely on establishing phylogenetic relationships and/or inferring behavior from epigenetic variation arising from mechanical loading and adaptive bone modeling. Most research focuses on variation in cortical bone structure, but additional information about hand function may be provided through the analysis of internal trabecular structure. While primate hand bone trabecular structure is known to vary in ways that are consistent with expected joint loading differences during manipulation and locomotion, no study exists that has documented this variation across the numerous bones of the hand. We quantify the trabecular structure in 22 bones of the human hand (early/extant modern Homo sapiens) and compare structural variation between two groups associated with post-agricultural/industrial (post-Neolithic) and foraging/hunter-gatherer (forager) subsistence strategies. We (1) establish trabecular bone volume fraction (BV/TV), modulus (E), degree of anisotropy (DA), mean trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) and spacing (Tb.Sp); (2) visualize the average distribution of site-specific BV/TV for each bone; and (3) examine if the variation in trabecular structure is consistent with expected joint loading differences among the regions of the hand and between the groups. Results indicate similar distributions of trabecular bone in both groups, with those of the forager sample presenting higher BV/TV, E, and lower DA, suggesting greater and more variable loading during manipulation. We find indications of higher loading along the ulnar side of the forager sample hand, with high site-specific BV/TV distributions among the carpals that are suggestive of high loading while the wrist moves through the ‘dart-thrower's’ motion. These results support the use of trabecular structure to infer behavior and have direct implications for refining our understanding of human hand evolution and fossil hominin hand use.

Investigations on Metallographic Structure of Sparks formed as the Severe Overload Melts a Stranded Copper Conductor

If the overload is severe, the conductor may become hot enough to ignite fuels in contact with it as insulation melts off. The sleeved insulation is the typical effects indicating the overload causes the fire. However, it may be difficult to identify the overload in the circuit because the sleeved insulation disappears easily in fire. Compared to the sleeved insulation, the re-solidified copper sparks are less easily to be damaged for locating lower in fire. Those sparks can assist in identifying that some circuit, which became hot and was melted by a large overload before the fire. In this paper, the 2.5mm2 PVC stranded copper conductors, as the most common in Chinese residential electrical systems, was melted by large overload at different current in order to produce overload sparks. Through the analysis of internal metallographic structure of overload sparks, there are significant differences from sparks formed by short circuit and globules exposed to laboratory flame testing. The results reveal that when the current through the conductor is greater than 5Ie(Ie=34A), the conductor would be melted in two and produce a parting arc throwing some sparks; the larger current through the conductor was, the more luminous the parting arc was, and the more sparks produced; In the internal metallographic structure of sparks caused by large overload, there are more dendritic segregations than that of globules caused by flame testing and less dendritic segregations than that of short-circuit beads. The larger the current flows in a conductor, the more serious dendritic segregations in internal structure of sparks are. Those metallographic structure features can be used to identify the sparks formed by the large overload as opposed to other globules and sparks in fire investigations.

Learning Strategies Mediated by Technologies: Use and Observation of Teachers

Abstract The appropriate use of digital information requires skills that enable regulation of cognitive thinking. This research is focused on building a scale that measures the learning strategies used by teachers and the ones they observe being practiced by their students, either adopting classical media technologies or the internet, besides pursuing evidence of internal consistency for such scale. Altogether, 515 teachers from Parana and Mato Grosso do Sul states in Brazil participated in the research. The first stage was focused on preparing the questions, and the second on the search for evidence of internal consistency for the Learning Strategies Used and Observed by Teachers (LSUOT) scale. The results revealed the reliability of the tool by internal structural analysis, showing its psychometric properties. It is safe to consider that the results can make contributions to teachers in the utilization and teaching of strategies that make the learning process in this current digital society easier.

Recycled hybrid fiber-reinforced & cement-stabilized pavement mixtures: Tensile properties and cracking characterization

Cement-stabilized aggregate mixtures (CSAMs) have been used effectively within semi-rigid pavement structures. However, the sensitivity to cracking under tensile loading is the main problem that may cause a deterioration due to reflection to the overlaying layers. The primary objective of this research is to show the extent to which the steel fibers extracted from old tires might enhance the pre and post-cracking behavior of CSAMs and to understand how they affect the cracking characteristics. Mechanical performance was evaluated in terms of indirect tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, and post-peak load carrying capacity. Cracking properties were studied quantitatively, at the mesoscale level, using a combination of x-raying of the internal structure and fractal analyses through an image processing technique. A new methodology was suggested and implemented for this evaluation. Despite the low cement content, results indicated a decrease in the material stiffness with fiber addition and an improvement in both pre- and post-cracking behavior. There is a clear enhancement in the toughness and deformability of the mixtures indicating a ductile material. Better cracking behavior was observed after fiber incorporation. Finer cracks and more dispersion of these cracks suggest a reduced potential for reflection cracking. A fracture mechanism was proposed and confirmed by examining various cracking patterns.

Largely enhanced thermal conductivity of HDPE/boron nitride/carbon nanotubes ternary composites via filler network-network synergy and orientation

In recent years, hybrid fillers with different dimension are frequently used to improve the thermal conductivity of polymer/filler composites. While the combined effect of hybrid filler and orientation on the thermal conductivity of polymer/filler composites has rarely reported. In this work, high density polyethylene (HDPE)/boron nitride (BN)/carbon nanotubes (CNT) ternary composites were prepared by melt blending then hot rolled to obtain oriented sheets. The thermal conductivity and internal structure of the obtained sheets were investigated and compared with those obtained by hot-pressed sheets with random distributed structure. Two representative systems were used, the one is that BN content is low and forms the isolated dispersions (using HDPE/5BN/CNT composites with 5 wt% of BN as example), the other one is that BN content is high and forms network structure (using HDPE/25BN/CNT composites with 25 wt% of BN as example). For hot-pressed samples, no synergy between BN and CNT was found for HDPE/5BN/CNT system with BN dispersed in isolation in HDPE matrix, while an obvious increase of thermal conductivity was seen for HDPE/25BN/CNT system with BN network formation in HDPE matrix, and a 300% increase of thermal conductivity could be achieved as 3 wt% of CNT was added, compared with that of net HDPE. For hot-rolled samples, an increase of thermal conductivity was observed for both HDPE/5BN/CNT and HDPE/25BN/CNT ternary composites by adding CNT into the composites, suggesting the importance of filler orientation in the enhancement of thermal conductivity in polymer/filler composites with hybrid filler. The combined effect of hybrid filler and orientation could result in a further increase of thermal conductivity and 600% increase of thermal conductivity could be achieved. Finally, based on the analysis of internal structure of prepared samples as obtained by SEM observation, rheology and XRD measurements, a possible mechanism for the enhancement of thermal conductivity via hybrid and orientation was proposed. Our work is important and could shed light for the preparation of polymer composites with super thermal conductivity.

Scale for Identification of Characteristics of Giftedness: Internal structure analysis

Abstract Procedures used for identifying giftedness have been widely discussed in the literature. The present study aimed to investigate the evidence of validity based on the internal structure of a self-report scale to identify characteristics of giftedness. The sample consisted of 276 Elementary and Middle School students, aged between 9 and 12 years, and was 60.0% female. The instrument used was the first version of this scale, which was composed of 44 items related to the topic. Exploratory Factor Analysis was carried out, and the results revealed a two-factor solution, explaining 40.4% of the total variance. The first factor was denominated Socio-emotional Characteristics, and the second factor was denominated Cognitive Characteristics. The results corroborate the data in the scientific literature, which suggest that giftedness is a multidimensional construct that encompasses attributes that go beyond the intellectual scope.

Thermomechanical reliability of conductive tracks screen printed on flexible magnetic sheets

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to present thermal and mechanical durability of conductive tracks screen-printed with silver polymer pastes on flexible magnetic sheets.Design/methodology/approachA test pattern that consisted of three straight lines was printed with two different silver pastes on a flexible magnetic sheet and a polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) foil for comparison. Electrical properties of these lines were examined by resistance measurements and their thickness was measured with a digital microscope on cross sections. Cyclic bending was performed to investigate mechanical properties of prepared samples as well as thermal shocks to analyse their thermal durability. Further, samples after thermal shocks underwent cyclic bending to test influence of thermal exposure on mechanical properties of the prepared samples. Changes in the test lines after the thermal and mechanical tests were assessed by resistance measurements and microscopic analysis of surface and internal structure of the test lines.FindingsIt was found that the most important factor having an impact on electrical, mechanical and thermal properties of the conductive tracks screen-printed on magnetic sheets is a type of paste used. The samples made with the paste PM-406 exhibited lower resistance because of a higher layer thickness compared to the lines printed with the paste PF-050. The PM-406 layers were revealed to be less durable to mechanical and thermal exposures. An analogical relationship was noticed for the samples made with PM-406 and PF-050 on a PEN foil after thermal shocks and cyclic bending. When magnetic sheets were used as a substrate, a bigger degree of damage was observed for the PF-050 samples, which even lost their electrical continuity after 1,000 bending cycles and thermal cycles, irrespective of their number. Some damage was also noticed in the magnetic sheet after the bending and thermal cycles.Research limitations/implicationsFurther investigations are required to examine the influence of other types of thermal exposure on electrical properties of lines printed on magnetic sheets. Other types of magnetic sheets are also recommended to be investigated as substrate materials.Practical implicationsThe results reported in this study can be useful among others for designers of radio frequency identification (RFID) systems, which are intended to operate in a challenging environment with strong mechanical and thermal exposures.Originality/valueThis paper contains valuable information concerning mechanical and thermal properties of conductive tracks screen-printed on magnetic sheets which can be used, i.e. for designing of reliable near field communication/high frequency (NFC/HF)-RFID tags suitable for metallic surface.

Анализ внутренней структуры экономического потенциала роста

Анализ внутренней структуры экономического потенциала роста

Focus-sensitive negation in Latin

Classical Latin displays negative particles, like neque / nec and ne…quidem ‘neither, not even’, that can express sentential negation while at the same time narrowly focusing on some constituent of the clause. These particles are multifunctional elements that can express various types of focus (additive or scalar) and, in the case of neque / nec , also have a coordinative and a discourse-structuring function. In this work I investigate the complex interplay of semantic and syntactic factors that govern their distribution and interpretation. I single out the structural and meaning-related contextual conditions favoring the additive or the scalar interpretation, and I propose an analysis of the complex internal structure of the particles. I also discuss the diachronic implications of my analysis, in particular with respect to the role played by the Romance continuations of nec .

Observation and analysis of internal structure of cucumber fruit during storage using X-ray computed tomography

In this study, X-ray computed tomography (CT) was used as a non-destructive technique to characterize and quantify the internal structure of cucumber fruit during storage. The physical properties of cucumber fruit were also measured destructively and related to X-ray absorptivity, and also changes in three-dimensional heterogeneous internal structure were visualized during storage at 15 °C and 25 °C and 90% RH for 7 days. As a result, the average gray scale (GS) value calculated from X-ray CT scanned tissue images indicated good correlations with the density, porosity, and elastic modulus of cucumber fruit. The peak height of the GS value related to the density and porosity. Standard deviation of the GS value was also related to the moisture content of the fruit. These results indicated that X-ray CT can be used to estimate physical properties related fruit quality. It was also revealed that the radiodensity of cucumber fruit changed in the mesocarp tissue but not change in the placenta tissue. GS level in the mesocarp tissue changed from white to dark from the fruit pedicel towards the apex at 25 °C. This result is useful to understand the expansion of low density part in fruit during storage.

Analysis of type IIb synthetic diamond using FTIR spectrometry

Analysis of internal structure in large IIb-type high pressure-high temperature (HPHT) synthetic single-crystal diamond are presented. The concentration of boron impurity in different growth sectors varies from 0.02 to 10.3 ppm. It is shown that in the manufacturing of synthetic diamond plates, internal inhomogeneities of the diamond should be taken into account; plates with different characteristics can be cut from one diamond, each of which can be used for its own purpose.

A method and tool to recover data deleted from a MongoDB

DBMS stores an important data, which is one of the important analytical subjects for analysis in digital forensics. The technique of recovering deleted data from the DBMS plays an important role in finding the evidence in forensic investigation cases. Although relational DBMS is used as important data storage until now, NoSQL DBMSs is used more often due to the growing pursue of Big Data. This increases the potential to analyze a NoSQL DMBS in forensic cases. In reality, data from approximately 26,000 servers has been deleted by a massive ransom attack on vulnerable MongoDB server. Therefore, investigation of internal structure analysis and deleted data recovery techniques of NoSQL DBMS is essential.In this paper, we research the recovery method on deleted data in MongoDB that is widely used. We have analyzed the internal structures of the WiredTiger and MMAPv1 storage engines, which are the MongoDB's disk-based storage engines. Moreover, we have implemented the recovery algorithm as a tool as well as have evaluated its performance on real and self-generated experiment data.

Eating behaviors in a male and female community sample: psychometric properties of the DEBQ

The aim of this study was to assess the psychometric properties of the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) in a community sample of Chilean adults. The sample comprised 627 participants who completed a battery of questionnaires. The mean age of the sample was 36.07 years (SD =12.49), and 66.2% of them were women. Mean body mass index (BMI) was 25.61 kg/m2 (SD =4.20). Item analysis suggested that one item yielded very low corrected item-total correlation. The internal structure analysis revealed that the threefactor model showed a good fit. Internal structure was adequate. A gender effect was found in DEBQ scores, and there was a positive significant association between BMI and DEBQ scores. The correlation analysis supported the adequate convergent validity of the scale. The present study provides evidence to support the adequate reliability and validity of the DEBQ when applied in a Chilean population.

Trabecular and cortical bone structure of the talus and distal tibia in Pan and Homo.

Internal bone structure, both cortical and trabecular bone, remodels in response to loading and may provide important information regarding behavior. The foot is well suited to analysis of internal bone structure because it experiences the initial substrate reaction forces, due to its proximity to the substrate. Moreover, as humans and apes differ in loading of the foot, this region is relevant to questions concerning arboreal locomotion and bipedality in the hominoid fossil record. We apply a whole-bone/epiphysis approach to analyze trabecular and cortical bone in the distal tibia and talus of Pan troglodytes and Homo sapiens. We quantify bone volume fraction (BV/TV), degree of anisotropy (DA), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), bone surface to volume ratio (BS/BV), and cortical thickness and investigate the distribution of BV/TV and cortical thickness throughout the bone/epiphysis. We find that Pan has a greater BV/TV, a lower BS/BV and thicker cortices than Homo in both the talus and distal tibia. The trabecular structure of the talus is more divergent than the tibia, having thicker, less uniformly aligned trabeculae in Pan compared to Homo. Differences in dorsiflexion at the talocrural joint and in degree of mobility at the talonavicular joint are reflected in the distribution of cortical and trabecular bone. Overall, quantified trabecular parameters represent overall differences in bone strength between the two species, however, DA may be directly related to joint loading. Cortical and trabecular bone distributions correlate with habitual joint positions adopted by each species, and thus have potential for interpreting joint position in fossil hominoids.

Validity and Appropriate Uses of the Revised Technology Uses and Perceptions Survey (TUPS)

The purpose of this article is to explore validity evidence and appropriate uses of the revised Technology Uses and Perceptions Survey (TUPS) designed to measure in-service teacher perspectives about technology integration in K–12 schools and classrooms. The revised TUPS measures 10 domains, including Access and Support; Preparation of Technology Use; Perceptions of Professional Development; Perceptions of Technology Use; Confidence and Comfort Using Technology; Technology Integration; Teacher Use of Technology; Student Use of Technology; Perceived Technology Skills; and Technology Usefulness. We first provide a review of the literature supporting the design of the revised TUPS. We collected data from N = 1,376 teachers from one medium-sized school district in the state of Florida and conducted a variety of psychometric analyses. We performed internal structure analysis, correlation analysis, and factor analysis with these data. The results demonstrate that data collected from the TUPS are best used as descriptive, granular information about reported behaviors and perceptions related to technology, rather than treated as a series of 10 scales. These findings have implications for the appropriate uses of the TUPS. (Keywords: technology integration, K-12 teachers, survey, validity, reliability)

Three-dimensional Internal Structure Analysis of the Coal/Coke by X-rays Imaging

Three-dimensional Internal Structure Analysis of the Coal/Coke by X-rays Imaging