Internal Processes Research Articles

High Visibility: The Internal Processing and Management of Visibility in Micro-Celebrities

High Visibility: The Internal Processing and Management of Visibility in Micro-Celebrities

Study on high temperature evolution of pore structure and permeability characteristics of C/SiC composites based on in-situ X-ray computed tomography

Ceramic matrix composites (CMC) possess numerous distributed pore structures created during manufacturing, which can function as microchannels for fluid flow. This study examines the internal pores evolution process of C/SiC composites through in-situ X-ray computed tomography at varying temperatures. Visualize and analyze the three-dimensional geometric morphology and evolution behavior of composite materials at various temperatures through CT image reconstruction. Simultaneously, the pore network model was employed to model the microchannel structure of composite materials at different temperatures, extracting material pore characteristic parameters. The results suggest a close relationship between the mechanical properties of samples at different temperatures and their internal evolution behavior. The pore network model can identify the material's pore characteristic parameters and forecast the evolution trend of its permeability characteristics at varying temperatures.

Enrichment of dissolved metal(loid)s and microbial organic matter during transit of a historic mine drainage system

Water quality degradation by decommissioned mining sites is an environmental issue recognized globally. In the Ore mountains of Central Europe, a wide array of contaminants is released by abandoned under- and aboveground mining sites threatening the quantity and quality of surface and groundwater resources. Here, we focus on the less-explored internal pollution processes within these mines involving organic carbon and microorganisms in trace metal(loid)s mobilization processes. Over an 18-month period, we conducted hydrological and biogeochemical monitoring at the Reiche Zeche mine, a former lead-zinc-silver mine, in Germany, reaching 230 meters below ground, well below the critical zone. Our results show strong seasonal fluctuations in water availability, concentrations of metal(loid)s, pH, and dissolved organic matter (DOM) components across multiple depths. Excess metal(loid) presence during high flow conditions indicated mobilization behavior deviating from conservative dilution. Our findings reveal strong positive correlations between metal(loid) variability and pH (0.894), and between metal(loid) variability and the DOM fluorescent component C2 (-0.910), a proxy for microbial activity. Accordingly, the microbial processes may significantly contribute to the observed metal(loid) composition and fluxes. By elucidating the intricate roles of hydrological and biogeochemical factors in trace metal(loid) mobilization, our research offers a comprehensive framework for improving mine water management and remediation, potentially informing global environmental policies and sustainable mining practices.

Leveraging ChatGPT for Enhancing the Internal Audit Process—A Real-World Example from Uniper, a Large Multinational Company

Leveraging ChatGPT for Enhancing the Internal Audit Process—A Real-World Example from Uniper, a Large Multinational Company

Public Health Nurses in an Internal Negotiation Process When There Is Concern About the Child’s Care

The aim of the study was to explore and describe how public health nurses at child health clinics experience and perceive the follow-up of children and families when there is concern about the child’s care. The goal was to contribute to knowledge development to guide health-promoting nursing care for children and their families. Theoretical perspectives included health promotion, child-centered and family-centered care, in addition to nursing care. An exploratory qualitative design informed by a hermeneutic approach was used. Data were collected in 3 focus groups with 16 public health nurses and analyzed using latent content analysis. The findings detail public health nurses’ internal negotiation processes in the follow-up of children and the family, and the ways these negotiation processes were influenced by various prerequisites, the approaches for follow-up, dilemmas that affected public health nurses’ approaches, and prolonged dwellings on past responses to children and families of concern. The lack of routines and goals for follow-up, a dominant parental perspective, and ambiguity related to health promotion and disease prevention, all created challenges for the public health nurses. Based on these findings, a model of public health nurse’s follow-up when there is concern about the child’s care was developed for future research.

Evaluation of solid medical waste management system in Undata Regional General Hospital, Palu city, Central Sulawesi Province, Indonesia

Waste is an environmental problem that is still not fully resolved properly even though the resulting impact has a major effect on environmental pollution, especially solid medical waste. The purpose of this study was to assess the characteristics of solid medical waste at Undata Hospital based on its sources and types, calculate the average weight of solid medical waste generated per day, and evaluate the solid medical waste management system with sorting, packaging, collection and transportation modes in accordance with the criteria of Permen of Environment and Forestry Number 56 of 2015 and Permenkes Number 2 of 2023. This research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive research type. This research was conducted in August-September 2023. The sampling technique in this study used Purposive Sampling, with 18 informants selected from each unit/room/installation at Undata Hospital, Palu City. Based on the results of the study, it was found that every day Undata Palu Hospital produces domestic waste as much as ± 270 kg / day. The results of the evaluation of the solid medical waste management system at Undata Palu Hospital show that basically it is quite effective but not optimal, because the storage process shows non-compliance with the guidelines for medical waste management by the Ministry of Health Number 2 of 2023, namely storage in TPS which should not be more than 2x24 hours, but in fact the accumulation of solid medical waste is stored for 1 month in the LB3 TPS due to delays in transportation by third parties. This causes a large amount of solid waste in the TPS so that the TPS becomes full and dangerous because the waste undergoes a process of decomposition and decay, which is harmful to the environment and human health. Undata Hospital needs to maximize the procurement of internal medical waste processing equipment (incineration equipment) which needs to be supported by the Environmental Agency and the relevant Health Office to prevent environmental pollution from medical activities.

Coupled Electrochemical-Thermal Runaway Model of Lithium-Ion Cells Operating Under High Ambient Temperatures

The risk of thermal runaway (TR) in high energy density Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), which may initiate at around 90 °C, is a critical safety concern, particularly in regions where summer temperatures can reach nearly 50 °C. While multiple exothermic reactions that cause TR and modeled using Arrhenius equations lead to good predictions in controlled oven tests, their use in practical applications is questionable as these do not consider internal electrochemical processes that cause temperature rise and trigger exothermic reactions. Further, limited literature focuses on coupling electrochemical thermal models with exothermic reactions. This study demonstrates a method to couple the electrochemical and thermal runaway models for a commercial cylindrical Lithium-ion cell. The proposed model averages pseudo-2D electrochemical heat and couples it to a two-dimensional, axisymmetric heat transfer model of 18650-type Lithium-ion cell. The jellyroll structure is approximated as a homogeneous and anisotropic domain for electrochemical and exothermic heating. Simulations are performed through several, uninterrupted charge-discharge cycles at different ambient temperatures and C-rates. We show that while cycling rate is critical in instigating and accelerating TR, parameters like ambient temperature, particle radii and initial electrolyte concentration also play a role in determining the core temperature and its rate of growth in the cell.

Endo-atmospheric maneuver penetration strategy based on generative adversarial reinforcement learning

An intelligent endo-atmospheric penetration strategy based on generative adversarial reinforcement learning is proposed in this manuscript. Firstly, attack and defense adversarial models are established, and missile maneuver penetration problem is transformed into an optimal control problem, considering penetration, handover position and mid-terminal guidance velocity constraints. Then, Radau Pseudospectral method is adopted to generate data samples considering random perturbations. Furthermore, Generative Adversarial Imitation Learning Combined with Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient method (GAIL-DDPG) is designed, with internal process reward signals constructed to tackle long-term sparse reward in missile manuver penetration problem. Finally, penetration strategy is trained and verified. Simulation shows that using generative adversarial reinforcement learning, with sample library to learn expert experience in training early stage, the proposed method can quickly converge. Also, performance is further optimized with reinforcement learning exploration strategy in the later stage of training. Simulation shows that the proposed method has better engineering application ability compared with traditional reinforcement learning method.

THE INTERNALIZATION OF RELIGIOUS CULTURAL VALUES IN SHAPING THE SPIRITUAL INTELLIGENCE OF STUDENTS AT SD ALAM PALEMBANG

This research examines the internalization of religious and cultural values at SD Alam Palembang and its impact on students' spiritual intelligence formation. The research results show that SD Alam Palembang has successfully integrated religious values into various aspects of school activities, both in the curriculum and extracurricular activities. This integration is carried out through holistic learning methods that link subject matter to religious values, moral and religious stories, and good interaction with nature. School facilitators play a crucial role in instilling religious values through creative and integrative approaches. Research also reveals that the internalization of religious and cultural values significantly contributes to the formation of students' spiritual intelligence. Students understand and apply religious concepts in everyday life through congregational worship, joint prayer, social activities, and love of nature, which refers to activities Green Lap SD Alam Palembang. This internalization process has proven effective in forming intellectually intelligent students with strong spiritual and moral depth

Hydrodynamic disintegration effects assessment by CFD modelling integrated with bench tests

The hydrodynamic disintegration process depends, among others, on operational parameters like rotational speed or introduced energy. The study presents an interdisciplinary approach to the hydrodynamic disintegration parameters impact assessment on the internal processes and disintegration effects on the example of sewage sludge treatment. Three rotational speeds were considered, including fluid properties change at selected disintegration stages. Disintegration effects were measured in the bench tests. Soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) and volatile fatty acids (VFA) were measured before and after disintegration process. The assessment of the effects of disintegration employed the disintegration degree and the assessment of the course of methane production employed biochemical methane potential (BMP) tests. Fluid properties change during the disintegration stages does not cause a significant change in the flow structure. Due to the mathematical modelling results, at 1500 rpm no cavitation phenomenon was observed. Although, the bench tests results indicates, for the rotational speed 1500 rpm, organic compounds released to the liquid were characterised by higher susceptibility to biological decomposition than those released for 2500 and 3000 rpm (as suggested by the low SCOD/VFA values for 1500 rpm). Obtained results have confirmed, that the main phenomenon responsible for the disintegration effect is mechanical shredding not cavitation.

Comparing parameter-reduction methods on a biophysical model of an auditory hair cell

Biophysical models describing complex cellular phenomena typically include systems of nonlinear differential equations with many free parameters. While experimental measurements can fix some parameters, those describing internal cellular processes frequently remain inaccessible. Hence, a proliferation of free parameters risks overfitting the data, limiting the model's predictive power. In this study, we develop systematic methods, applying statistical analysis and dynamical-systems theory, to reduce parameter count in a biophysical model. We demonstrate our techniques on a five-variable computational model designed to describe active, mechanical motility of auditory hair cells. Specifically, we use two statistical measures, the total-effect and PAWN indices, to rank each free parameter by its influence on selected, core properties of the model. With the resulting ranking, we fix most of the less influential parameters, yielding a five-parameter model with refined predictive power. We validate the theoretical model with experimental recordings of active hair-bundle motility, specifically by using Akaike and Bayesian information criteria after obtaining maximum-likelihood fits. As a result, we determine the system's most influential parameters, which illuminate the key biophysical elements of the cell's overall features. Even though we demonstrate with a concrete example, our techniques provide a general framework, applicable to other biophysical systems. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

IMPACT OF FORENSIC ACCOUNTING ON FRAUD DETECTION IN NIGERIAN DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS

This study investigated the impact of forensic accounting on fraud detection in deposit money banks within Benue State, Nigeria, utilizing a cross-sectional research design. The population consisted of 145 employees from three deposit money banks operating in Makurdi Metropolis, Benue State. A census sampling technique was employed, and data were collected using a structured questionnaire validated through content and construct validity methods, achieving a Cronbach's Alpha reliability coefficient of 0.872. The study employed binary logistic regression to estimate the impact of forensic accounting variables on fraud detection. The findings reveal that Engagement of Forensic Accountants (EFA) significantly enhances fraud detection, with a coefficient (B) of 1.671 (SE = 0.414), Wald statistic of 9.830 (p 0.001), and odds ratio (Exp(B)) of 3.911. This implies a 291.1 increase in the likelihood of fraud detection with the engagement of forensic accountants, underscoring their pivotal role in improving financial transparency and accountability. Conversely, Litigation Support Skills (LSA) did not show a statistically significant impact on fraud detection (B = 0.541, SE = 0.378, p = 0.152), suggesting limited effectiveness in this context. However, Forensic Investigative Professional Skills (FIS) demonstrated a significant positive impact (B = 1.203, SE = 0.406, p = 0.015), increasing the likelihood of detecting fraud by 104.4. The study recommends that banks prioritize the integration of forensic accountants into internal audit processes to bolster fraud detection capabilities effectively. Furthermore, continuous professional development in forensic investigative techniques should be emphasized to enhance staff skills and readiness in identifying and mitigating complex fraud schemes.

INFLUENCE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ON INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEMS IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN OSUN STATE, NIGERIA

The study examined how information technology affects internal control systems in tertiary institutions in Osun State. Specific goals were to ascertain whether or not information technology has a significant impact on the internal control systems and internal audit processes of tertiary institutions. A survey research design was chosen. A sample size of 100 respondents participated in the study. This study used the stratified sampling method and a regression technique was used for data analysis. The findings showed that internal control systems and internal audit procedures in tertiary institutions in Osun State were highly influenced by information technology with t= 20.02 P< 0.0 and t= 19.049p<0.05, respectively. It was concluded that internal control systems and internal audit procedures at tertiary institutions were strengthened and improved by information technology. The study has recommended that tertiary institutions adopt information technology in order to improve their internal control frameworks. To keep their staff’s necessary skills and knowledge current, the management of tertiary institutions should encourage both on-the-job and off- the-job training in information technology. To stop fraud, internal control mechanisms should be put in place. To establish who will be held accountable for violations, tasks must be digitally separated effectively.

БЕЗПЕКОВІ ВИКЛИКИ ДЛЯ ТЕРИТОРІАЛЬНИХ ГРОМАД В УМОВАХ ВІЙНИ: ВНУТРІШНЬО ПЕРЕМІЩЕНІ ОСОБИ

The article is devoted to clarifying the place of internally displaced persons (IDPs) as a security challenge for the territorial communities of their permanent residence in the context of the armed aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine. The author analyses the scale and territorial specificity of this new phenomenon in the context of the state migration policy on regulation of internal migration processes and their interconnection with external ones; the content of the legal status and peculiarities of IDPs' socialisation. The author expresses his views on the effectiveness of the activities of the authorities and local self-government bodies, public organisations and their interaction in addressing the urgent basic needs of IDPs in various areas, ensuring their access to quality administrative and social services. The importance of adaptation of IDPs in the new ethnic environment (on the example of Ivano-Frankivsk region), establishment of national values and norms, political beliefs that are dominant among the local population, which should help prevent conflicts at the linguistic and mental levels, is substantiated. It is emphasised that the security challenges related to IDPs obviously do not require separate change, since we are talking about citizens of Ukraine who have been forced to leave their places of permanent residence, but enjoy the full range of constitutional rights and freedoms. At the same time, their implementation is part of the policy of providing security services by territorial communities aimed at increasing security and comfort in communities, creating conditions for the full involvement of IDPs in economic, social, cultural, spiritual and political life in their new places of residence.

Internalization of Pancasila Values in High School Economic Learning in the Digital Era

Pancasila is the philosophy of life of the Indonesian people, which has never been swallowed up by the times. Therefore, the values of Pancasila are very important to be internalized by all Indonesian people so that what they do reflects the values of Pancasila. The efforts to internalize the values of Pancasila are through Economics education at the High School (SMA) level. Economic education in high school is reflected in the economic learning activities. This study aims to explain the importance of internalizing Pancasila values in high school economics learning in the digital age. The approach used in this research is a qualitative approach, by conducting a literature study (library research). The results and discussion of this study indicate that in the digital era, it is important to internalize the values of Pancasila in students through economic learning activities, so that they can become a strong fortress and life guide in dealing with any changes that occur in everyday life. The internalization process of Pancasila values is reflected in Economics learning activities, including 1) At the time of teaching, the teacher provides E-Learning guidelines based on Pancasila values in the field of Economics. 2) Teachers instill the values of Pancasila by providing examples of wise management of Economic activities and not destroying nature through visualization with sophisticated technology. 3) Giving group assignments in Economics learning that contains the values of Pancasila. 4) The teacher stimulates students to discuss when solving actual economic issues, both face-to-face and virtual (online). Keywords: internalization, Pancasila, economic learning, digital

Facilitating Value Co-Creation Through Inter-Organizational Information Systems

Many company networks, especially those comprising small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), face the challenge of digitally transforming their value co-creation (VCC). However, this topic, despite its high relevance, remains vastly under-researched. We thus conducted a case study in an SME network to investigate how these companies adapt their internal processes to enable an overarching VCC process in the network and use IT to support it. We first derived a framework of four propositions showing that the modularization of value creation, equality of actors, efficient information and knowledge flow, and inter-organizational information technology support facilitate VCC in these networks. The propositions framework then became our lens to analyze the SME network. Our empirical study enabled us to gain deeper insights into the relationships of the proposed facilitating factors for VCC in company networks and the role of inter-organizational information systems in this context.

Identification of key drivers of antimicrobial resistance in Enterococcus using machine learning.

With antimicrobial resistance (AMR) rapidly evolving in pathogens, quick and accurate identification of genetic determinants of phenotypic resistance is essential for improving surveillance, stewardship, and clinical mitigation. Machine learning (ML) models show promise for AMR prediction in diagnostics but require a deep understanding of internal processes to use effectively. Our study utilised AMR gene, pangenomic, and predicted plasmid features from 647 Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis genomes across the One Health continuum, along with corresponding resistance phenotypes, to develop interpretive ML classifiers. Vancomycin resistance could be predicted with 99% accuracy with AMR gene features, 98% with pangenome features, and 96% with plasmid clusters. Top pangenome features overlapped with the resistance genes of the vanA operon, which are often laterally transmitted via plasmids. Doxycycline resistance prediction achieved approximately 92% accuracy with pangenome features, with the top feature being elements of Tn916 conjugative transposon, a tet(M) carrier. Erythromycin resistance prediction models achieved about 90% accuracy, but top features were negatively correlated with resistance due to the confounding effect of population structure. This work demonstrates the importance of reviewing ML models' features to discern biological relevance even when achieving high-performance metrics. Our workflow offers the potential to propose hypotheses for experimental testing, enhancing the understanding of AMR mechanisms, which are crucial for combating the AMR crisis.

Raman microscopy allows to follow internalization, subcellular accumulation and fate of iron oxide nanoparticles in cells

An important issue in the context of both potenial toxicity of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONP) and their medical applications is tracking of the internalization process of these nanomaterials into living cells, as well as their localization and fate within them. The typical methods used for this purpose are transmission electron microscopy, confocal fluorescence microscopy as well as light-scattering techniques including dark-field microscopy and flow cytometry. All the techniques mentioned have their advantages and disadvantages. Among the problems it is necessary to mention complicated sample preparation, difficult interpretation of experimental data requiring qualified and experienced personnel, different behavior of fluorescently labeled IONP comparing to those label-free or finally the lack of possibility of chemical composition characteristics of nanomaterials.The purpose of the present investigation was the assessment of the usefulness of Raman microscopy for the tracking of the internalization of IONP into cells, as well as the optimization of this process. Moreover, the study focused on identification of the potential differences in the cellular fate of superparamagnetic nanoparticles having magnetite and maghemite core.The Raman spectra of U87MG cells which internalized IONP presented additional bands which position depended on the used laser wavelength. They occurred at the wavenumber range 1700–2400 cm−1 for laser 488 nm and below the wavenumber of 800 cm−1 in case of laser 532 nm. The intensity of the mentioned Raman bands was higher for the green laser (532 nm) and their position, was independent and not characteristic on the primary core material of IONP (magnetite, maghemite).The obtained results showed that Raman microscopy is an excellent, non-destructive and objective technique that allows monitoring the process of internalization of IONP into cells and visualizing such nanoparticles and/or their metabolism products within them at low exposure levels. What is more, the process of tracking IONP using the technique may be further improved by using appropriate wavelength and power of the laser source.

Between “Jing 敬” and “Cheng 诚”: A Linguistic Study of the Internalization Process in the Pre-Qin Confucian Ethical System

Between “Jing 敬” and “Cheng 诚”: A Linguistic Study of the Internalization Process in the Pre-Qin Confucian Ethical System

The influence of factors in the internal control system on financial reporting quality at administrative and public service units in Vietnam

The objective of the project is to measure the influence of factors in the internal control system on financial reporting quality at administrative and public service units in Vietnam. The author inherits five internal control components from the Committee of Sponsoring Organization [COSO], 2013: control environment, risk assessment, communication information, and supervision that affect financial reporting quality. The author uses a mixed research method including qualitative and quantitative, with primary data collected through a survey of 400 units with 30 observed variables, resulting in 350 valid survey forms. From there, the study analyzed EFA exploratory factor analysis and multivariate regression analysis with support from SPSS 27.0 software. Research results show that the internal control system has an impact on administrative and public service units in Vietnam, with the level of influence of the components gradually decreasing: (1) information and communication, (2) control environment, (3) control activities, (4) risk assessment, (5) monitoring. With the results of this research, it helps administrative and public service units to improve and enhance the financial reporting quality while helping to reduce and eliminate weaknesses in the internal control implementation process, in order to strengthen the internal foundation and influence positive impact on governance.