Internal Feedback Research Articles

Abstract 4137708: Implementation of a Standard Hydration Protocol Improves Compliance of Pre-procedural Hydration, Reducing the Incidence of Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury (CI-AKI) After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI)

Introduction: Intravenous hydration and contrast media volume reduction are the most important preventive factors against CI-AKI after PCI. Multiple studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of intravenous hydration before PCI, however, varied hydration protocols have rather complicated standardization. Doctors’ preferences and local institutional factors further hinder protocol implementation, resulting in reduced compliance. Hypothesis: Standardizing hydration protocol increases the compliance rate of preprocedural hydration orders and administration, reducing the incidence of CI-AKI. Methods: A team at Memorial Hermann The Woodlands Medical Center, comprising a cardiovascular nurse coordinator, catheterization laboratory director, pharmacist, information technologist, and hospital administrators, was formed to improve PCI outcomes through a multi-faceted approach. This involved a standardized hydration protocol with direct education, continuous monitoring, and repeated internal feedback, reviewed monthly. The new protocol included normal saline pre- and post-procedure maintenance fluids, with a 250 ml normal saline bolus pre-operatively. Maintenance fluids were set at 75 ml/hr, and 20 ml/hr for patients with congestive heart failure and an ejection fraction ≤ 40%. The team reviewed 233 patients under the old protocol and 281 under the new protocol. Compliance rates of pre-procedural intravenous hydration were compared and CI-AKI incidence, defined as a >50% increase or a 0.3 mg/dL increase in creatinine levels within 5 days post-procedure, was assessed. Chi square tests and t-tests were used to compare cohorts on 12 parameters and CI-AKI incidence assessment, with a p-value of 0.05. Results: Compliance with pre-procedural hydration significantly increased under the new protocol (86.1% vs 55.4%, p<0.05). CI-AKI incidence was lower in the new protocol group (7.5% vs 9.9%, p=0.33). Although statistically insignificant in this preliminary analysis, the results were still promising due to a relative CI-AKI reduction of 24.3%. A sample size of 352 patients per group is needed to achieve a power of 0.8. Conclusion: The new standardized hydration protocol, coupled with education, increased compliance with pre-procedural hydration and showed a promising trend towards reducing CI-AKI among PCI patients. The final report will be presented upon study completion.

The VIRUS-dE Survey. II. Cuspy and Round Halos in Dwarf Ellipticals—A Result of Early Assembly?

We analyze the dark matter (DM) halos of a sample of dwarf ellipticals (dEs) and discuss cosmological and evolutionary implications. Using orbit modeling, we recover their density slopes and, for the first time, halo flattening. We find that the “cusp-core” tension is mild; on average, dEs have central slopes slightly below the Navarro–Frenk–White predictions. However, the measured flattenings are still more spherical than cosmological simulations predict. Unlike brighter early-type galaxies, the total density slopes of dEs are shallower, and their average DM density does not follow their scaling relation with luminosity. Conversely, dE halos are denser and the densities steeper than in late-type galaxies. We find average DM density and slope are strongly correlated with the environment and moderately with the angular momentum. Central, nonrotating dEs have dense and cuspy halos, whereas rotating dEs in Virgo’s outskirts are more cored and less dense. This can be explained by a delayed formation of the dEs in the cluster outskirts, or alternatively by the accumulated baryonic feedback that the dEs in the outskirts have experienced during their very different star formation history. Our results suggest halo profiles are not universal (they depend on assembly conditions) and they evolve only mildly due to internal feedback. We conclude dEs in the local Universe have assembled at a higher redshift than local spirals. In these extreme conditions, star formation and halo assembly, for example, were very different, suggesting no new dEs are formed at present.

The SAGA Survey. V. Modeling Satellite Systems around Milky Way–Mass Galaxies with Updated UniverseMachine

Abstract Environment plays a critical role in shaping the assembly of low-mass galaxies. Here, we use the UniverseMachine (UM) galaxy–halo connection framework and Data Release 3 of the Satellites Around Galactic Analogs (SAGA) Survey to place dwarf galaxy star formation and quenching into a cosmological context. UM is a data-driven forward model that flexibly parameterizes galaxy star formation rates (SFRs) using only halo mass and assembly history. We add a new quenching model to UM, tailored for galaxies with m ⋆ ≲ 109 M ⊙, and constrain the model down to m ⋆ ≳ 107 M ⊙ using new SAGA observations of 101 satellite systems around Milky Way (MW)–mass hosts and a sample of isolated field galaxies in a similar mass range from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. The new best-fit model, “UM-SAGA,” reproduces the satellite stellar mass functions, average SFRs, and quenched fractions in SAGA satellites while keeping isolated dwarfs mostly star-forming. The enhanced quenching in satellites relative to isolated field galaxies leads the model to maximally rely on halo assembly to explain the observed environmental quenching. Extrapolating the model down to m ⋆ ∼ 106.5 M ⊙ yields a quenched fraction of ≳30% for isolated field galaxies and ≳80% for satellites of MW-mass hosts at this stellar mass. Spectroscopic surveys can soon test this specific prediction to reveal the relative importance of internal feedback, cessation of mass and gas accretion, satellite-specific gas processes, and reionization for the evolution of faint low-mass galaxies.

The Effect of Perception of Job Characteristics of MZ Generation Hairdressers on Job Values and Job Satisfaction

This study is to verify the effect of the recognition of job characteristics of MZ generation hair designers on job values and job satisfaction. In this study, the purpose of this study is to contribute to the development of the beauty industry by reducing the intention of hair designers to quit the job through job satisfaction and realizing their value as professionals in a situation where hair designers are increasing. This study was conducted in a self-written method with a structured questionnaire for MZ generations working as hair shop designers. A total of 350 copies of the questionnaire were distributed, 310 copies were collected, and 269 copies were used as the final analysis data, excluding the questionnaire errors. The analysis results are as follows. First, it was found that diversity, importance, identity, and feedback factors all had a significant effect on external job values. Second, as a result of examining the effect of job characteristics on internal job values, diversity, importance, and feedback factors have a significant positive (+) effect on internal values. Third, it was found that diversity, importance, and feedback factors had a significant positive (+) effect on intrinsic job satisfaction. Fourth, in the relationship between job characteristics on external job satisfaction, importance and feedback were found to have a significant positive (+) effect. Fifth, it was found that both external and internal values had a positive (+) effect on both intrinsic and external satisfaction. As a result of this study, it was found that efforts will be needed to increase the satisfaction of MZ generation hair designers through coordination of job characteristics and restoration of flexibility. By increasing the satisfaction of MZ generation hair designers, we can expect the continuous development of the hair beauty industry.

Multi Objective Optimization Research on Power Consumption and Stiffness of Internal Feedback Hydrostatic Turntable

Multi Objective Optimization Research on Power Consumption and Stiffness of Internal Feedback Hydrostatic Turntable

Harnessing the potential of exemplars to facilitate learning: insights from translation training

Exemplars are key examples chosen to represent designated levels of competence or quality. This study attempts to explore the use of exemplars in a Chinese-English translation teaching context. It involved the teacher-researcher using three exemplars of different quality to help 31 third-year translation majors evaluate their own translation and generate internal feedback. Drawing on multiple sources of data, including student self-assessment, reflective journal writings, and questionnaire responses, we have found that mediated exemplar use could help students make more accurate evaluative judgement of their own translation work and generate internal feedback at various levels (task, discipline, meta-cognitive, and affective). The significance of this research lies in illustrating the potential of exemplar use in facilitating learning, and offering pedagogical implications for productive exemplar-based practice in higher education contexts.

Cortex-wide characterization of decision-making neural dynamics during spatial navigation.

Decision-making during freely moving behaviors involves complex interactions among many cortical and subcortical regions. However, the spatiotemporal coordination across regions to generate a decision is less understood. Using a head-mounted widefield microscope, cortex-wide calcium dynamics were recorded in mice expressing GCaMP7f as they navigated an 8-maze using two paradigms. The first was an alternating pattern that required short term memory of the previous trial to make the correct decision and the second after a rule change to a fixed path in which rewards were delivered only on the left side. Identification of cortex-wide activation states revealed differences between the two paradigms. There was a higher probability for a visual/retrosplenial cortical state during the alternating paradigm and higher probability of a secondary motor and posterior parietal state during left-only. Three state sequences (motifs) illustrated both anterior and posterior activity propagations across the cortex. The anterior propagating motifs had the highest probability around the decision and propagating motifs peaked following the decision. The latter, likely reflecting internal feedback to influence future actions, were more common in the left-only paradigm. Therefore, the probabilities and sequences of cortical states differ when working memory is required versus a fixed trajectory reward paradigm.

Reality and imagination intertwined: A sensorimotor paradox interpretation

As a hypothesis on the origins of mind and language, the evolutionary theory of the sensorimotor paradox suggests that capacities for imagination, self-representation and abstraction would operate from a dissociation in what is known as the forward model. In some studies, sensory perception is understood as a system of prediction and confirmation (feedforward and feedback processes) that would share common yet distinct and overlapping neural networks with mental imagery. The latter would then mostly operate through internal feedback processes. The hypothesis of our theory is that dissociation and parallelism between those processes would make it less likely for imaginary prediction to match and simultaneously coincide with any sensory feedback, contradicting the stimulus/response pattern. The gap between the two and the effort required to maintain this gap, born from the development of bipedal stance and a radical change to our relation to our own hands, would be the very structural foundation to our capacity to elaborate abstract thoughts, by partially blocking and inhibiting motor action. Mental imagery would structurally be dissociated from perception, though maintaining an intricated relation of interdependence. Moreover, the content of the images would be subordinate to their function as emotional regulators, prioritising consistency with some global, conditional and socially learnt body-image. As a higher-level and proto-aesthetic function, we can speculate that the action and instrumentalisation of dissociating imagination from perception would become the actual prediction and their coordination, the expected feedback.

Response of Convectively Coupled Kelvin Waves to Surface Temperature Forcing in Aquaplanet Simulations

AbstractThis study investigates changes in the propagation and maintenance of convectively coupled Kelvin waves (KWs) in response to surface warming. We use a set of three aquaplanet simulations made with the Community Atmospheric Model version 6 by varying the sea surface temperature boundary conditions to represent the current climate as well as warmer (+4 K) and cooler (−4 K) climates. Results show that KWs accelerate at the rate of about 7.1%/K and their amplitudes decrease by 4.7%/K. The dampening of KWs with warming is found to be associated with a weakening of the internal thermodynamic feedback between diabatic heating and temperature anomalies that generates KW eddy available potential energy (EAPE). The phase speed of KWs closely matches that of the second baroclinic mode KW in −4 K, while the phase speed of KWs is approximately that of the first baroclinic mode KW in +4 K. Meanwhile, the coupling between the two baroclinic modes weakens with warming. We hypothesize that in −4 K, as the first and second baroclinic modes are strongly coupled, KWs destabilize by positive EAPE generation within the second baroclinic mode and propagate more slowly, following the second baroclinic mode KW phase speed. In +4 K, as the first and second baroclinic modes decouple, KWs are damped by negative EAPE generation within the first baroclinic mode and propagate faster, following the first baroclinic mode KW phase speed.

Generation of vectorial vortex beams by a coherently combined laser array

With the superpositions of spin and orbital angular momentum, vectorial vortex beams (VVBs) have attracted great attention in recent years. Many approaches have been developed to generate such beams, but high-power output is not supported. Here, we report the coherent beam combining (CBC) for generating VVBs that are compatible with high-power fiber amplifiers. The laser array is composed of two discrete vortex arrays with left-handed and right-handed circular polarization states. The phase and polarization of each beamlet are manipulated simultaneously. Experimentally, the phase noise in the amplifiers is compensated by the all-fiber internal phase control feedback structure. Quarter-wave plates are employed as polarization state converters. When the system is in the closed loop, a distinct and stable VVB can be obtained in the far-field. This work could provide a significant reference for the future implementation of high-power structured beams.

Extensiveness of Internal School Quality Assurance Feedback in Enhancing Learners’ Achievement in Public Primary Schools in Rombo District, Tanzania

Extensiveness of Internal School Quality Assurance Feedback in Enhancing Learners’ Achievement in Public Primary Schools in Rombo District, Tanzania

Extreme drought events and land surface temperature variations on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau over the last 350 ka

The northeastern Tibetan Plateau (NETP) is located in the ecologically vulnerable northwestern China, with semi-humid and semi-arid conditions. Long-term paleo-hydrological and paleo-temperature variations and their mechanisms over the NETP remain ambiguous, primarily due to the limited availability of well-dated, long-term depositional archives and suitable proxies. In this paper, we investigate climate variations and their underlying mechanisms in the region using Glycerol Dialkyl Glycerol Tetraethers (GDGTs) spanning the last 350 ka. Our results suggest that the NETP underwent substantial drying during glacial periods, with the driest period occurring during the last glacial period. The intensity of drought during glacial periods is comparable to that in the Westerlies-dominated region but differs from that in the East Asian monsoon region. This suggests that the influence of the Westerlies surpassed that of the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM), becoming the major driver of warm-season drought events on the NETP during glacial periods. Additionally, the peaks of aridity events coincide with summer insolation maxima during glacial periods, which may be related to the direct influence of local insolation on regulating evaporation. The reconstructed land surface temperatures were about 6.7 °C during interglacial periods and 2.6 °C during glacial periods, which may be linked to a combination of variations in insolation, CO2 levels, and other internal feedback mechanisms. However, an unusual warming occurred during the last glaciation, with an average temperature of about 4.8 °C. This warming may be related to variations in soil moisture and vegetation resulting from extreme drought. Our study highlights the sensitivity of hydrological variations over the NETP to insolation and Westerlies, as well as the critical roles of soil moisture and vegetation in land surface temperature variations.

Multi-objective optimization design of low-power-driven, large-flux, and fast-response three-stage valve

Intrinsically safe solenoids drive solenoid valves in coal mining equipment. The low power consumption of these solenoids limits the response time of the solenoid valves. Additionally, the low viscosity and high susceptibility to dust contamination of the emulsion fluid often lead to leakage and sticking of hydraulic valves. This study proposes a low-power-driven, large-flux, fast-response three-stage valve structure with an internal displacement feedback device to address these issues. The critical parameters of the valve were optimized using a novel multi-objective optimization algorithm. A prototype was manufactured based on the obtained parameters and subjected to simulation and experimental verification. The results demonstrate that the valve has an opening time of 21 ms, a closing time of 12 ms, and a maximum flow rate of approximately 225 L/min. The driving power of this structure is less than 1.2 W. By utilizing this valve for hydraulic cylinder control, a positioning accuracy of ± 0.15 mm was achieved. The comparative test results show that the proposed structural control error fluctuation is smaller than that of the 3/4 proportional valve.

Co-Creating an Inclusion, Diversity, Equity, and Accessibility Strategy: Defining approach and outcomes in a health data research network

BackgroundHealth Data Research Network Canada (HDRN) has committed to strengthening data use to improve health equity. Key this priority is has been an increased operationalization of Inclusion, Diversity, Equity, and Accessibility (IDEA) across the organization and within the data research processes HDRN Canada supports. Missing, however, was a unifying strategy for embedding IDEA within all HDRN Canada initiatives. ApproachGuided by results from an internal environmental scan and network feedback, HDRN Canada began developing an IDEA strategy in 2023. With the end goal of embedding IDEA across all internal teams and across all HDRN Canada strategic goals, collaborative participation methods were chosen to involve all levels of the organization. A process was designed that included focus groups, interviews, and roundtables. ResultsCo-creating the IDEA strategy required broad buy-in including detailing expectations of the planning process in advance. A flexible management approach that enabled the team to adhere to the defined process allowed the Project Team to manage unanticipated challenges. 4 key strategies emerged focusing on learning, data quality and research, leadership, and community engagement. Developing the strategy with co-creative methods helped to identify practical approaches for HDRN to prioritize IDEA within its complex data research initiatives. ConclusionHDRN Canada has outlined its commitment to IDEA in the health data ecosystem. The co-created strategy supports efforts towards accomplishing its organizational objectives and priorities. It is also a valuable resource for those in the health data space working to ensure data research contributes to equitable health outcomes.

Research on the supporting mechanism of internal feedback hydrostatic hybrid bearing considering flow rate correction

The internal feedback hydrostatic bearing features a distinctive structural design, playing a pivotal role in high-precision machine tools. Its performance significantly influences the improvement of machining accuracy and stiffness. In this study, the working principle of the internal feedback closed hydrostatic bearing is described, the equivalent liquid resistance model of oil circuit considering internal flow effect is established, an analysis method for evaluating the support performance of the internal feedback hydrostatic bearing is proposed, flow rate correction methods are proposed, and the influence of load-carrying capacity and flow rate due to inlet pressure, oil film thickness, and the size of the restrictor is discussed. The accuracy of the method is verified by simulation, and insights for the future development of hydrostatic bearings are provided.

Surgical Residents' Perception of Feedback on Their Education: Protocol for a Scoping Review.

Feedback is an essential tool for learning and improving performance in any sphere of education, including training of resident physicians. The learner's perception of the feedback they receive is extremely relevant to their learning progress, which must aim at providing qualified care for patients. Studies pertinent to the matter differ substantially with respect to methodology, population, context, and objective, which makes it even more difficult to achieve a clear understanding of the topic. A scoping review on this theme will unequivocally enhance and organize what is already known. The aim of this study is to identify and map out data from studies that report surgical residents' perception of the feedback received during their education. The review will consider studies on the feedback perception of resident physicians of any surgical specialty and age group, attending any year of residency, regardless of the type of feedback given and the way the perceptions were measured. Primary studies published in English, Spanish, and Portuguese since 2017 will be considered. The search will be carried out in 6 databases and reference lists will also be searched for additional studies. Duplicates will be removed, and 2 independent reviewers will screen the selected studies' titles, abstracts, and full texts. Data extraction will be performed through a tool developed by the researchers. Descriptive statistics and qualitative analysis (content analysis) will be used to analyze the data. A summary of the results will be presented in the form of diagrams, narratives, and tables. The findings of this scoping review were submitted to an indexed journal in July 2024, currently awaiting reviewer approval. The search was executed on March 15, 2024, and resulted in 588 articles. After the exclusion of the duplicate articles and those that did not meet the eligibility criteria as well as the inclusion of articles through a manual search, 13 articles were included in the review. Conducting a scoping review is the best way to map what is known about a subject. By focusing on the feedback perception more than the feedback itself, the results of this study will surely contribute to gaining a deeper understanding of how to proceed to enhance internal feedback and surgical residents' learning progress. Open Science Framework yexb; https://osf.io/yexkb. PRR1-10.2196/56727.

Vibrational stability improvement of a mirror system using active mass damping.

Addressing the demand for high stability of beamline instruments at the SHINE facility, a high stability mirror regulating mechanism has been developed for mirror adjustments. Active mass damping was adopted to attenuate pitch angle vibrations of mirrors caused by structural vibrations. An internal absolute velocity feedback was used to reduce the negative impact of spillover effects and to improve performance. The experiment was conducted on a prototype structure of a mirror regulating mechanism, and results showed that the vibration RMS of the pitch angle was effectively attenuated from 47 nrad to 27 nrad above 1 Hz.

Halo densities and pericenter distances of the bright Milky Way satellites as a test of dark matter physics

ABSTRACT We provide new constraints on the dark matter halo density profile of Milky Way (MW) dwarf spheroidal galaxies (dSphs) using the phase-space distribution function (DF) method. After assessing the systematics of the approach against mock data from the Gaia Challenge project, we apply the DF analysis to the entire kinematic sample of well-measured MW dwarf satellites for the first time. Contrary to previous findings for some of these objects, we find that the DF analysis yields results consistent with the standard Jeans analysis. In particular, in this study we rediscover (i) a large diversity in the inner halo densities of dSphs (bracketed by Draco and Fornax), and (ii) an anticorrelation between inner halo density and pericenter distance of the bright MW satellites. Regardless of the strength of the anticorrelation, we find that the distribution of these satellites in density versus pericenter space is inconsistent with the results of the high-resolution N-body simulations that include a disc potential. Our analysis motivates further studies on the role of internal feedback and dark matter microphysics in these dSphs.

Reduced seagrass resilience due to environmental and anthropogenic effects may lead to future die-off events in Florida Bay

Coastal systems often depend on foundation species such as seagrasses that are supported by self-facilitation. Seagrass meadows, however, are threatened worldwide due to climate change and local human impact, disrupting self-facilitation leading to system instability. Florida Bay is a large seagrass dominated coastal ecosystem that suffered from multiple seagrass mortality events over the last half century driven by hypoxia, high water temperatures, hypersalinity, and high biological oxygen demand. These conditions reduce the amount of photosynthetically-derived oxygen in the plant causing sulphide intrusion into meristematic tissues. Using a bay-wide sampling design and long-term monitoring trends of seagrass condition, we investigated the current state of the meadows, sediment characteristics (e.g., organic matter, sulphide, nutrients) and discuss how climate stressors interact with plant and sediment oxygen dynamics. Our survey revealed that at sites where seagrass had been previously denuded by die-off, the dominant seagrass Thalassia testudinum had not recovered, while the pioneering seagrass Halodule wrightii recolonized the impacted areas. Organic matter and sulphide levels were higher at the impacted sites, apparently a persistent characteristic of the formerly dense T. testudinum meadows in central and western Florida Bay. These sediment conditions promote sulphide intrusion of T. testudinum belowground tissue under anoxic conditions. Plant oxidation initially buffers sulphide intrusion, but disruption of this oxidation mechanism due to changing environmental conditions results in widespread mortality and seagrass community collapse. Climate change cannot be fully mitigated by local management, however, attempts can be made to control critical salinity and oxygen levels by increasing freshwater input, reducing hypersalinity and aiming to keep the internal seagrass oxidation feedback intact. Our study shows that the Florida Bay seagrass ecosystem is still recovering four years post die-off and continues to be susceptible to future climate change and system degradation.

Odnos između povratnih informacija u internoj i eksternoj komunikaciji policije

The study aims to explain what dimensions of the satisfaction of Croatian police officers with internal feedback are predictors of their readiness to explain their actions to citizens. The survey was conducted in 2020 on a convenience sample of 1260 police officers. The questionnaire measures satisfaction with feedback as one of eight dimensions of satisfaction with internal communication and police legitimacy in two dimensions of police and citizen interaction: accountability (citizens) – attitude and behaviour. The purpose is to compare feedback in internal and external police communication and examine to what extent the satisfaction of police officers with feedback contributes to the understanding of their attitudes and behaviour towards explaining actions to citizens. The results indicate the weak predictive power of variables that measure satisfaction with feedback in understanding the attitudes and behaviour of police officers related to explaining their actions to citizens. However, when introduced into the predictor model that contains the criterion variable "Behaviour related to explaining police actions to citizens" is the variable of attitude, the proportion of the variance explained increases significantly. The contribution of the paper is an analysis of the connection between internal and external communication of police officers in Croatia, and communication research is extremely important in police organizations in transition countries that undergo a transition from the traditional policing models to citizen-oriented policing models. A limitation of the paper is that only one aspect of internal communication has been examined in isolation. Therefore, new research should examine the complex nature of internal communication within a police organization in the context of the quality of police officers' relations with citizens, especially in relation to the willingness to explain police actions, as an important dimension of trust in the police.