BACKGROUND:Th17 cells are blamed for being accused in the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukaemia. Th17 cells are CD4+ cell subtype. They produce IL-17A and IL-17F.AIM:This study aims to trace the relation between IL-17A and IL-17F polymorphisms and AML incidence and to define the connection between IL-17 polymorphisms and its serum level.METHODS:A group of 100 acute myeloid leukaemia patients and 100 age and sex-matched healthy subjects (controls) were enrolled in the present work. Restriction fragment length polymorphism- polymerase chain reaction (PCR-RFLP) was done to detect IL-17A (rs2275913; G197A) and IL-17F (rs763780; A7488G). Serum IL-17 level was assessed by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis (ELISA) in both patients and controls.RESULTS:IL-17F, IL-17A mutant genotypes and alleles showed no significant relation with acute myeloid leukaemia incidence. Also, ELISA results proved that serum IL-17 did not vary between acute myeloid leukaemia patients and healthy subjects.CONCLUSION:Interleukin-17 gene polymorphisms did not consider a risk for acute myeloid leukaemia.