Interleaved DC-DC Boost Converter Research Articles

Design and Analysis of a Three-Phase Interleaved DC-DC Boost Converter with an Energy Storage System for a PV System

This paper describes a groundbreaking design of a three-phase interleaved boost converter for PV systems, leveraging parallel-connected conventional boost converters to reduce input current and output voltage ripple while improving the dynamic performance. A distinctive feature of this study is the direct connection of a Li-Ion battery to the DC link, which eliminates the need for an additional charging circuit, which is a departure from conventional approaches. Furthermore, the combination of an MPPT controller and a closed-loop fuzzy controller with a current control mode ensures accurate switching signal generation for all three phases. The meticulously tuned system exhibits a remarkably low ripple content in the output voltage, surpassing calculated values, and demonstrates a superior dynamic performance. The investigation extends to a comprehensive analysis of losses, encompassing inductor copper loss and semiconductor conduction loss. In all scenarios, the converter exhibits an efficiency exceeding 93%, highlighting its robust performance as an effective solution for PV systems.

A Novel Multiphase Interleaved DC-DC Boost Converter with Reduced Input Current Ripple for Renewable Energy Application

This paper presents a new multiphase boost converter with improved input current ripple characteristics. The low input current ripple is important due to its effect on the converter’s efficiency and upstream dc bus noise level. It will further affect other devices connected to the same bus. Furthermore, for battery-connected systems such as renewable energy systems, the low current ripple increases the battery life. The method in this research uses split inductance and capacitance configuration as an input filter. The input filter helps compensating for the rippled converter topology, it reduces conduction-switching noise without affecting transient response, and it minimizes the physical size. Therefore, in this new topology, the use of smaller sized components directly influences the converter's size. Interleaved is used for improved heat distribution on the physical circuit board while retaining the benefits of a multiphase converter. Additionally, the low current ripple implies using smaller sized components that directly affect the size of the converter. A three-phase example of the proposed boost converter will be described, along with the derivation of its state space equations. Compared with the standard three-phase boost, the proposed converter can reduce the input current ripple and the output current ripple by 21% and 43%, respectively.

Design and Analysis of Multi-Device Interleaved Boost Converter Driving an Induction Motor

Electric vehicles are the future of mobility solutions. The electric vehicles are driven by an electric motor with the help of a power electronic interface. The power electronic interface needs to be designed in an efficient way both in mechanical and electrical aspects. This paper proposes the concept of design, simulation and analysis of a 10 kW Multi-Device Interleaved DC-DC Boost Converter (MDIBC) to drive a 4 kW Induction Motor. The motor is driven from the MDIBC through an inverter with SPWM technique. The variation in DC link voltage due to motor is controlled and stabilized to give a constant DC of 400 V. MDIBC consists of semi-controlled switches topology excited by Phase Shifted PWM technique to reduce the ripple current in interleaving inductors. The dual loop control methodology using PI controller is adopted to reduce the ripple in input inductor current and DC link voltage. The open loop simulation and closed loop simulation are done in MATLAB Simulink environment. The simulation results show that the overshoots and steady state error in inductor currents and output voltage are reduced in addition with reduction in current and voltage ripples.

Switched Redundancy and Cutset Approach to Estimate Basic Probability Indices of Interleaved DC-DC Boost Converter

Power Electronic Converter play a vital role in renewable energy systems in particular with solar PV systems. The DC voltage generated from the solar irradiation need to be stepped up using Boost Converters to the desired level and then inverted for AC outputs. In the context, reliability analysis of Conventional Boost Converter and Interleaved Boost Converter will be of prime concern. In this existing literature, component failure rate has been obtained. However, converter reliability analysis has not been dealt with. In this paper, Switched Mode Redundancy concept is applied along with the cutset approach for computation of basic probability indices such as Equivalent Failure Rate, Mean Outage Time and Average Annual Outage Time for these two converters. Further, the probabilistic measures such as Mean- Time-To- Failure, Mean- Time-To-Repair, Mean Time Between Failures, Availability and Unavailability are also evaluated for the above two converter configurations with malfunctioning aspects of the MOSFET, which is not dealt with in the literature.MOSFET as a switch is considered to be malfnctioning, if it is possible to get switched on when not required and not functioning when it is required. The proposed method is analyzed taking the converter configurations with MOSFET which can be used for high power and medium switching frequency applications. The results obtained are analyzed and presented for Conventional Boost Converter and Interleaved Boost Converter with malfunctioning and Non-malfunctioning aspects using MOSFET which is treated as a switch. It is observed that inspite of IBC has better performance as compared to that of the CBC, the probabilistic measures will be decreasing, which is realistic.

A novel effective nonlinear state observer based robust nonlinear sliding mode controller for a 6 kW Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell voltage regulation

This paper presents an effective strategy for controlling an Interleaved DC/DC Boost Converter (IBC) that is employed for reducing the current fluctuations in a 6 kW Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC). The proposed design incorporates a new nonlinear control law combined with a nonlinear state observer, it aims at enhancing the durability of the Fuel Cells (FCs) and extending their lifetime. In this regard, a Nonlinear State Observer (NSO) is designed to simultaneously estimate current and voltage signals of the Fuel Cell Source (FCS) and a Nonlinear Sliding Mode Controller (NSMC) is constructed based on these estimates. The proposed sensorless control design is advantageous in avoiding current and voltage sensors redundancy to maintain low cost and complexity levels. Accurate output voltage tracking performance, tracking stability, and dynamic errors for a PEMFC-IBC are considered during changes of the internal model parameters in addition to effects of measurement uncertainties. A third advantage of this design is robustness and external disturbance rejection under large load variations. For these objectives, the observer and the controller parameters are optimally tuned using a recent Metaheuristic Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm (MPSOA) inspired by the swarm intelligence for improving the dynamic performance of the controlled system. Furthermore, stability and tracking analysis properties of the closed-loop overall system are proved through Lyapunov theory for dynamic operating conditions. Finally, numerical simulations of a typical 6 kW PEMFC system validate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme with comparisons to contemporary approaches across the different cases.

Analysis and Comparison of DC-DC Boost Converter and Interleaved DC-DC Boost Converter

The step-up converters are widespread use in many applications, including powered vehicles, photovoltaic systems, continuous power supplies, and fuel cell systems. The reliability, quality, maintainability, and reduction in size are the important requirements in the energy conversion process. Interleaving method is one of advisable solution for heavy-performance applications, its harmonious in circuit design by paralleling two or more identical converters. This paper investigates the comparison performance of a two-phase interleaved boost converter with the traditional boost converter. The investigation of validation performance was introduced through steady-state analysis and operation. The operation modes and mathematical analysis are presented. The interleaved boost converter improves low-voltage stress across the switches, low-input current ripple also improving the efficiency compared with a traditional boost converter. To validate the performance in terms of input and output ripple and values, the two converters were tested using MATLAB/SIMULINK. The results supported the mathematical analysis. The cancelation of ripple in input and output voltage is significantly detected. The ripple amplitude is reducing in IBC comparing with a traditional boost converter, and the ripple frequency is doubled. This tends to reduce output filter losses, and size.

Optimum Phase Selection of Multiphase Interleaved DC-DC Boost Converter for Current Stress and Switching Devices Losses Reduction

Optimum Phase Selection of Multiphase Interleaved DC-DC Boost Converter for Current Stress and Switching Devices Losses Reduction

Fuel Cell Emulator with MPPT Technique and Boost Converter

<span lang="EN-GB">This paper presents the simulation between fuel cell model and interleaved DC-DC boost converter (IBC) using a constant voltage maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique. The main advantage of this method is it had the simplest algorithm and can be computed for the high efficiency IBC. The MPPT technique forces the fuel cell to meet the maximum power that the fuel cell can generate. To test the IBC along with the MPPT algorithm, MATLAB/Simulink simulation is carried out. This MPPT method increases the efficiency of power delivered from the fuel cell. The IBC has also chosen for its advantages of reduction of passive component's size, as well as reduced the current ripple that could affect the fuel cell stack. It is envisaged that the MPPT method of constant voltage gives a handful of help in designing a low cost and high efficient fuel cell system along with the interleaved boost converter chosen</span>

A Study on 3-phase Interleaved DC-DC Boost Converter Structure and Operation for Input Current Stress Reduction

This paper analyses a 3-phase interleaved DC-DC boost converter for the conversion of low input voltage with high input current to higher DC output voltage. The operation of the 3-phase interleaved DC-DC boost converter with multi-parallel of boost converters is controlled by interleaved of switching signals with 120 degrees phase-shifted. Therefore, with this circuit configuraion, high input current is evenly shared among the parallel units and consequently the current stress is reduced on the circuit and semiconductor devices and contributes reduction of overall losses. The simulation and hardware results show that the current stress and the semiconductor conduction losses were reduced approximately 33% and 32%, respectively in the 3-phase interleaved DC-DC boost converter compared to the conventional DC-DC boost converters. Furthermore, the use of interleaving technique with continuous conduction mode on DC-DC boost converters is reducing input current and output voltage ripples to increase reliability and efficiency of boost converters.

Fuel cell systems reliability and availability enhancement by developing a fast and efficient power switch open-circuit fault detection algorithm in interleaved DC/DC boost converter topologies

Due to the low and unregulated voltage generated by fuel cells, power electronic conditioning systems such as DC/DC converter are required in Fuel Cell Systems (FCS). These FCS are used in different applications with critical loads such as automotive applications, material handling equipment, and backup power. In these applications, it is crucial to guarantee reliability and availability. In FCS, DC/DC converters are one of the most important failure sources. Since the power switches ranked the most delicate components in DC/DC converters, the development of power switch fault detection algorithm is a mandatory step in order to ensure the availability of the system. The purpose of this paper is to propose a fast and original power switch fault detection algorithm based on Park's vectors combined with a Fault-Tolerant Control (FTC) for a 3-leg Interleaved DC/DC Boost Converter (IBC) used in FCS. The developed power switch fault detection and FTC are implemented on a FPGA target, allowing detecting, identifying and handling quickly the faulty power switch. The obtained results from experimental tests confirm the excellent performances of the proposed power switch fault detection algorithm and the FTC.

FPGA based fault-tolerant control on an interleaved DC/DC boost converter for fuel cell electric vehicle applications

In recent years, the effects of high-frequency current ripple coming from DC/DC converters on Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) have gained a growing interest from the international scientific community. Currently, the durability is one of the major technical challenges to PEMFC commercialization. Basing on the existing literature, the high-frequency current ripple leads up to long-term degradations on PEMFC, particularly on its lifetime. Accordingly, in order to enhance the PEMFC lifetime, new DC/DC converter topologies have been developed, such as Interleaved DC/DC Boost Converter (IBC). Despite this topology can minimize drastically the current ripple, the loss of one leg in case of power switch fault leads up to the drastic increasing of the current ripple and consequently long-term degradations on the PEMFC. In order to cope with this issue, solutions have to be developed. Within the framework of this research work, an efficient Fault-Tolerant Control (FTC) implemented on an FPGA board has been developed to solve this issue. The latter consists in changing the PWM gate control signal according to the faulty leg given by a fault detection algorithm. The obtained experimental results between a PEMFC and an IBC topology allows demonstrating the ability of the FTC to reduce drastically the current ripple in case of power switch faults.

DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF TWO PHASE INTERLEAVED DC-DC BOOST CONVERTER WITH DIGITAL PID CONTROLLER

DC-DC converters are widely used in Industrial, Commercial and Non Renewable energy applications and also especially in Switch Mode Power Supplies. The two phase interleaved DC-DC boost converter (IBC) for low input voltage applications is designed and implemented with digital controller. The interleaved concept is used to meet the increased demands and also a low current ripple in source current due to this reducing the size of the filter component in input and output. Using interleaving concept can reduces stress on the devices, increases in efficiency, faster dynamics, light weight, compactness and higher power density. The digital controller was designed and implemented by using Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). The proto type model.

Simulation and Implementation of SoftSwitched Interleaved DCDC Boost Converter for Fuel Cell Systems

Simulation and Implementation of SoftSwitched Interleaved DCDC Boost Converter for Fuel Cell Systems

Simulation and Implementation of Soft-Switched Interleaved DC-DC Boost Converter for Fuel Cell Systems

In this paper, a soft-switched Interleaved DC-DC Boost Converter (IBC) for fuel cell is simulated and implemented. The proposed two-phase IBC circuit consists of two identical boost converter connected in parallel and are controlled by interleaved switching signals. But in the conventional IBC switching loss increases with the number of switching devices. To solve this problem, this paper has proposed a soft switched IBC. Detailed analysis has been done to investigate the benefits of soft-switched IBC compared to that of conventional uncoupled and directly coupled IBC. The converter circuit is constructed using power MOSFET as power switch. The PWM is generated by PIC18F4450 microcontroller. In this paper, the analysis of the converter is presented which is verified by the results of simulation and experimentation.

Simulation and Implementation of Soft-Switched Interleaved DC-DC Boost Converter for Fuel Cell Systems

In this paper, a soft-switched Interleaved DC-DC Boost Converter (IBC) for fuel cell is simulated and implemented. The proposed two-phase IBC circuit consists of two identical boost converter connected in parallel and are controlled by interleaved switching signals. But in the conventional IBC switching loss increases with the number of switching devices. To solve this problem, this paper has proposed a soft switched IBC. Detailed analysis has been done to investigate the benefits of soft-switched IBC compared to that of conventional uncoupled and directly coupled IBC. The converter circuit is constructed using power MOSFET as power switch. The PWM is generated by PIC18F4450 microcontroller. In this paper, the analysis of the converter is presented which is verified by the results of simulation and experimentation.