Interior Atmosphere Research Articles

Atmospheres, Expressed

This visual essay focuses on Pavilion House, Deer Isle, Maine, a built project of the author's own design. The term atmosphere in the title refers to the robust philosophical concept, developed by German philosopher Gernot Böhme and others, that is of value to those engaged in architecture and interior design. The subject of a vigorous discourse in recent decades, atmosphere concerns the feeling–based essence of an object, interior, place, or situation. The question at the heart of the essay is how to best represent interior atmosphere. The combination of text and photographs, which is historically of special importance for describing and documenting the built environment, has the potential to expand critical perceptions and understandings. In “Atmospheres, expressed,” the author writes a series of notes, mirroring the documentary aspect of the photographs, to create a conjoined documentary form that reveals how multiple sense impressions, thoughts, feelings, metaphors, and allusion together comprise atmospheres.

Boutique Hotel in Badung-Bali District Application of Luxurious Concepts in Exclusive Type Room Interiors

As the time passes by, people's lifestyles and tourism in Bali have developed rapidly. Business people have made ho-tels the main target in tourism because it means to providing services includes hotel, hostel or motel. Therefore this fa-cility is very important for developed of tourism in Bali. The ambience and concepts that are owned by the hotels, espe-cially in the rooms, are very influential to increase the number of tourists who wish to stay at the hotels, both from the in-terior design and atmosphere that is served and able to make tourists feel comfortable. Luxurious hotel is one of the hotels that has been loved by many people today and has developed throughout the hospitality industries, especially 5 stars standard hotels. Interior design with luxury concept has characteristics that can be seen from using materials of good quality and aesthetic value which are more than the value of its function. The application of this luxurious concept in the interior of hotel rooms such as several parts in the form of upper elements that use ceiling and hanging lamps and walls that use wooden partitions arranged vertically and use of materials with gold and neutral colors such as brown and white on most interior elements in the boutique hotel room. With the application of the luxurious concept, can create the ambience of the space become more elegant.
 Index Terms— luxury,boutique,hotel,interior.

Quasi-Materials and the Making of Interior Atmospheres

In The Architecture of the Well-Tempered Environment, Reyner Banham presents a parable in which, having come across an amount of wood, a nomadic tribe must decide how to use it to keep warm overnight: build a structure or build a fire (and burn the wood as fuel). The first of these uses the materials directly to create an amenable interior condition using the tangible materiality of geometric construction. The second, however, generates heat from combustion, thereby creating an intangible, graduated, thermal interiority, which one can draw deeper into, by moving closer to the fire, or recede from, by moving away.
 Interior architecture has largely been concerned with achieving shelter and creating an interior atmosphere through the dependability and predictability of physical materials. Less often has interior architecture considered the interiority achieved through the temporal contingency of atmospheric quasi-materials (taking a cue from Tonino Griffero’s quasithings), phenomena such as light, sound, temperature, and humidity. While these often strike one as outside of the realm of designers, their effects profoundly colour our experiences of our environments: the smells of street food, the heat of the metro air exhaust, the veil of fog rolling in. A selection of student projects probing quasi-materials in interior architecture reveals their nature and potential for making interior environments. More akin to building a fire than fitting out a shell, these projects question existing tenets of interior architecture, while they enable types of interiority that are fluid, graduated and temporal.

The Role of Back Pressure in the Atmospheric Response to Surface Stress Induced by the Kuroshio

Abstract The effect of ocean current drag on the atmosphere is of interest as a test case for the role of back pressure, because the response is independent of the thermally induced modulation of the boundary layer stability and hydrostatic pressure. The authors use a regional atmospheric model to investigate the impact of drag induced by the Kuroshio in the East China Sea on the overlying winter atmosphere. Ocean currents dominate the wind stress curl compared to the impacts of sea surface temperature (SST) fronts. Wind stress convergences and divergences are weakly enhanced even though the ocean current is almost geostrophic. These modifications change the linear relationships (coupling coefficients) between the wind stress curl/divergence and the SST Laplacian, crosswind, and downwind gradients. Clear signatures of the ocean current impacts are found beyond the sea surface: sea surface pressure (back pressure) decreases near the current axis, and precipitation increases over the downwind region. However, these responses are very small despite strong Ekman pumping due to the current. A linear reduced gravity model is used to explain the boundary layer dynamics. The linear vorticity equation shows that the oceanic influence on wind stress curl is balanced by horizontal advection decoupling the boundary layer from the interior atmosphere. Spectral transfer functions are used to explain the general response of back pressure to geostrophic ocean currents and sea surface height.

窓からの眺めが室内雰囲気評価に及ぼす影響

窓からの眺めが室内雰囲気評価に及ぼす影響

Oxidation prevention of silicon carbide powders

Oxidation creates an important problem with the increasing temperature and additionally if one of the components contains an amount of carbon, then there will be a COx emission risk which has a detrimental effect for the atmosphere. One of the methods to prevent the oxidation of silicon carbide (SiC) is to coat it with Al2O3 which has high thermal stability. In this study, the properties of Al2O3 coated SiC composite powders were examined to prevent the oxidation of SiC particles by developing a thermal barrier coating and it is aimed to contribute for reducing the gases which make a greenhouse effect and cause global warming. Firstly, boehmite sol was prepared via the sol gel route and then 5 wt% β-SiC (< 100 nm) nanosized particles were added to the boehmite sol and gelation was completed. Alumina coated SiC powders were heat treated at 100, 550, 1,000, 1,300 and 1,600°C under dry air and argon atmospheres. Characterisation analyses showed that alumina coated SiC particles underwent to slightly internal oxidation with the partial oxidation depending on the oxygen ion mobility during the transformation from boehmite to alumina in the interior atmosphere while alumina coated SiC particles gained oxidation resistance against the outer atmosphere.

Whisker Formation in Porosity in Al Alloys

Abstract An examination of the fracture surfaces of tensile test bars from Al alloy castings held in the liquid state for up to 20 minutes revealed porosity which in some cases contained whisker-like features. Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis in a SEM suggested that these might be oxide whiskers forming in an oxide-related pore or double oxide film defect. Such entrainment defects (also known as bifilms) may entrap a small amount of the local atmosphere when they form and become incorporated into the liquid metal. This atmosphere may be predominantly air, which then subsequently reacts with the surrounding melt, firstly by reaction with oxygen and secondly by reaction with nitrogen. A CFD model of the heat distribution associated with the reactions between the interior atmosphere of a double oxide film defect and the surrounding liquid alloy suggested that highly localized increases in temperature, up to about 2000 K to 5000 K (1727 °C to 4727 °C), could occur, over a scale of a few hundred micrometers. Such localized increases in temperature might lead to the evaporation or disassociation of oxide within the pore, followed by condensation, to form the whisker structures observed. Hydrogen might also be expected to diffuse into the bifilm and may play a role in the chemical reactions associated with the development of the bifilm.

Optimisation and design of PV modules for the application on bus roof‐top and system integration for solar cooling

AbstractIn this study, an external electrical cooling unit powered by PV modules was installed on the roof‐top of a bus to keep cooled interior atmosphere at a certain temperature level during the journey breaks. All solar cells used in this project were fabricated by Center for Solar Energy Research and Applications (GUNAM) and; then, integrated onto a bus roof together with MAN Turkey A.Ş. For integration of PV modules onto roof of bus, a reliable and commercially applicable method has been developed. Following integration, illumination level on the bus in summer season was measured to investigate the shadow effect on the bus roof while touring in the city. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

Oxide film defects in Al alloys and the formation of hydrogen- related porosity

Double oxide film defects have also been held responsible for the origins of hydrogen porosity, where hydrogen dissolved in the Al melt passes into the interior atmosphere of the double oxide film defect causing it to inflate. However, this is in opposition to long- established evidence that H cannot readily diffuse through aluminium oxide. To investigate this further, samples of commercial purity Al were first degassed to remove their initial H content, and then heated to above their melting point and held in atmospheres of air and nitrogen respectively, to determine any differences in H pick-up. The experiment showed that samples held in an oxidising atmosphere, and having an oxide skin, picked up significantly less H than when the samples were held in a nitrogen atmosphere, which resulted in the formation of AlN in cracks in the oxide skin of the sample. It is suggested that double oxide film defects can give rise to hydrogen-related porosity, but this occurs more quickly when the oxygen in the original oxide film defect has been consumed by reaction with the surrounding melt and nitrogen reacts to form AlN, which is more permeable to H than alumina, more easily allowing the oxide film defect to give rise to a hydrogen pore. This is used to interpret results from an earlier synchrotron experiment, in which a small pore was seen to grow into a larger pore, while an adjacent large pore remained at a constant size.

تأثير تصميم الإضاءة الصناعية على الوظيفة داخل المسکن

يعتبر عنصر الإضاءة من عناصر التصميم الهامة لما له من تأثير مباشر فى إظهار أى عمل وفي إنجاح الوظيفة المرجوة في الفراغات المختلفة، لذا فإن المصممين يتناولوا بکل الحرص الاختيار المناسب لتصميم الإضاءة الملائمة لابراز الوظائف المختلفة لإستخدام الانسان والعناصر الداخلية المختلفة من فراغات وحجوم ، وإن الدراسة والتحليلات العملية للعناصر المعمارية والتصميمية في الفراغ الداخلي تؤثر تأثيرا کبيرا فى اختيار نوع الإضاءة والوصول بالتصميم الداخلي لدرجة الإجادة المرجوة لراحة الإنسان. يؤثر الضوء فيشکل ودرجات اللون ويغير من الانطباع لکل عنصر داخل الفراغ الداخلي، فالضوء قادر على توحيد أوتحطيم الجو الداخلي العام لأى فراغ، وعليه فيجب على المصمم أن يراعي تصميم الإضاءة المناسبة منذ الخطوات الأولى للتصميم. The effect of industrial lighting design on the job inside the residence The lighting component is an important design element because of its direct impact in showing any work and the success of the desired job in different voids, so designers carefully take care of the appropriate choice for the appropriate lighting design to highlight the different functions of human use and different internal elements of spaces and volumes, and that the study and analyzes The process of architectural and design elements in the interior space greatly influences the choice of the type of lighting and the arrival in the interior of the degree of mastery desired for human comfort. Light affects the formation and shades of color and changes the impression of each element within the interior space, because light is able to unify or destroy the general interior atmosphere of any space, and therefore the designer must consider the appropriate lighting design since the first steps of the design.

Analysis on Factors of Importance and Performance in terms of Securing Customers of Farm Restaurants - Based on the Case of Bibijeong in Wanju-Gun -

This study aimed to analyze factors of importance and performance picked by customers of Bibijeong, a farm restaurant operated by the local community of Wanju-gun. Major points include: Recognition paths mostly were word of mouth and mass media, types of visit were in the company of friends, family members or work colleagues, and purposes of visit included consumption of meal and identifying features of the restaurant. Secondly, factor analysis showed that level of facility, atmosphere/cleanness, diversity of menu, employees, ingredients and network. The Cronbach Alpha coefficient was +0.6. Thirdly, average of importance of factors was 3.861 while average performance was 3.429. IPA analysis showed that employee(communication, customer contact) in the first quadrant proved the need for fast improvement through training. Atmosphere/cleanness (interior atmosphere, table clean, kitchen cleanliness, clean dishes, interion design) and employee(proficiency, menu recognition), foodstuff(freshness, origin, safety) in the second quadrant showed that the marketing strategy of improvement as well as maintaining current status is needed, including regular training and hygiene inspection. The third quadrant contains facilities(disability, baby, fire protection) and food menu(food packing, various menu, creative menu, menu description), network(village economic links), which showed the need for gradual improvement. The forth quadrant contains network(sights`s near contains. The results so far can be summed into the statement that overcoming the basic functionality of providing meals and linking the restaurant with local attractions and local economy would be need, as well as building up the image of unique farm restaurant with local features, so that Bibijeong can serve as the centerpiece of community and foundation of exchange with other areas.

André Wogenscky’s early housing works (1956-70): The relation between body, interior atmospheres, and envelope

For twenty years, André Wogenscky was one of the most devoted collaborators of Le Corbusier. This article discusses his early independent works (1956-70) on the relation between the human body, the architectural space and the climate. As an evolution of his master’s lessons, this paper focuses on his approach to living atmospheres and the inhabitant’s perceptions that apply to housing projects. It is based on original research of Wogenscky’s files at the Centre d’archives d’architecture du XXe siècle in the Institute français d’architecture.

An Investigation into Double Oxide Film Defects in Aluminium Alloys

When the oxidised surface of a liquid metal is folded over onto itself and entrained double oxide film defects are formed, which form crevices or cracks in the solidified casting, of varying sizes and orientations. These defects not only reduce mechanical properties, but also increase the scatter of properties. This paper reports an analog experiment to study the behavior of the interior atmosphere of double oxide film defects in Al alloy melts of varying Mg content. Air bubbles were trapped in melts of liquid Al alloy which were then solidified after holding for varying periods of time. The composition of the bubbles was subsequently measured using mass spectroscopy. This showed the reaction of oxygen from the bubble atmosphere to form oxides, followed by the consumption of nitrogen to form AlN. Simultaneously, hydrogen from the melt diffused into the air bubble. The changes in composition were used to estimate the rate of change in composition of the interior atmosphere of a typical double oxide film defect of an estimated size. This suggested that double oxide film defects may quickly achieve an interior atmosphere that would consist of a mixture of mainly nitrogen and hydrogen, and that this atmosphere could exist for periods of time greater than the typical solidification times of light alloy castings. In other words, oxide film defects created during mould filling should persist into the solidified casting. In addition, SEM analysis of oxide film defects also suggested the presence of oxide whiskers, which seem to have formed during holding in the melt.

Determination of the Lifetime of a Double-Oxide Film in Al Castings

One of the most important casting defects in Al alloys is thought to be the double-oxide film defect (bifilm) which has been reported to have a deleterious effect on the reproducibility of the mechanical properties of Al castings. Previous research has suggested that the atmosphere inside such bifilms could be consumed by reaction with the surrounding melt, which might decrease the size of the defects and reduce their harmful effect on mechanical properties. In order to follow the change in the composition of the interior atmosphere of a bifilm, analog air bubbles were held inside Al alloy melts, for varying lengths of time, and subjected to stirring, followed by solidification. The bubble contents were then analyzed using a mass spectrometer to determine the changes in their compositions with time. The results suggested that initially oxygen and then nitrogen inside the bubble were consumed, and hydrogen dissolved in the melt diffused into the bubble. The consumption rates of O and N as well as the rate of H diffusion were dependent upon the type of oxide, which was dependent on the alloy composition. The reaction rates were the fastest with MgO (in an Al-5Mg alloy), slower with alumina (in commercial-purity Al alloy), and the slowest with MgAl2O4 spinel (in an Al-7Si-0.3Mg alloy). It was estimated that the times required for typical bifilm defects in the different alloys to lose their entire oxygen and nitrogen contents were about 345 seconds (~6 minutes), in the case of Al-5Mg; 538 seconds (~9 minutes), in the case of a commercial purity alloy; and 1509 seconds (~25 minutes), in the case of the Al-7Si-0.3Mg alloy (2L99) due to the different oxides that the different alloys would be expected to form.

Las fachadas verdes como herramienta pasiva de ahorro energético en el bloque administrativo de la Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, seccional Montería

Por su tecnología constructiva, las fachadas verdes influyen positivamente en la sostenibilidad de los edificios y en el ahorro energético, pues disminuyen el efecto de calentamiento y mitigan la radiación solar. Esta investigación se centró en el papel de la vegetación como técnica pasiva de ahorro de energía en el edificio administrativo de la Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, seccional Montería. Según los resultados, este tipo de fachadas serían más eficaces que las que emplean otros materiales y funcionan de una manera similar a las fachadas ventiladas. Por esa razón, deben considerarse herramientas adecuadas para modificar el ambiente térmico interior en el edificio estudiado, dada su ubicación en una zona con un clima cálido y húmedo.

공동주택 커뮤니티시설 내 학습공간 디자인을 위한 청소년 감성평가

This study aims to determine adolescents' emotional response and preferences for varying interior designs of learning spaces available at community facilities in apartment across Seoul. In particular, the subjects have been fragmented by gender and age for comparative analysis of emotional responses across different demographics of adolescents. A survey on the preferred designs of learning spaces in community facilities revealed that 'elegant,' 'cheerful,' and 'temperate' are the three main emotional words selected for image tool development. Emotional assessment verified the validity of these terms. Between the two genders, adolescent males preferred 'temperate' images more while adolescent females preferred 'cheerful.' In terms of the design of learning space, adolescent females deemed the interior atmosphere and area space to be the most important factors, while adolescent males pointed to the color of furniture and lighting to be the most important. Such results imply that there is a clear difference of emotional response between adolescent males and females. The results also imply that different atmospheres and design priorities must be considered when designing gender-specific spaces.

Shoppers’ Perception on Physical Condition of Shopping Centers’ Atmosphere at Different Lifecycle

Shopping center with atmospheric stimuli design needs to be well formulated in marketing strategy to expose its competitive advantage. As a result, most designs included in the marketing tactic scheme pay more attention to all factors related to the lifestyle in order to make designs exist and be appreciated by the society. Design is one of the key factors of shopping center to gain its success. This research aimed to find out to what extent the visitors perception is different towards shopping centers which has different lifecycles. The research studied two things, first was exploratory research intended to find the embodiment of atmospheric (atmospheric variables).The second research was done in a quantitative method, (multiple regression). This research studied the perception of a hundred mall visitors regarding how the variables of the interior atmosphere affected their shopping habit. The independent variables in the research were the exterior features and building configuration, interior features and supporting facilities. The dependent variable was the the visitor behavior. As a conclusion, the atmospheric interior design of a mall that is embodied in its interior element supported the hypothesis which said that existence of experience which felt differently according to visitor perception at shopping centers in different lifecyle.DOI :https://doi.org/10.21632/irjbs.5.2.87-100Keywords: atmospheric stimuli, design features, consumer behavior, shopping center lifecycle

Kissing the Sky:

In contrast to terms which make clear distinctions regarding spatial limits, such as inside and outside, interiority can be understood as an ambiguous spatial condition. A sense of interiority, where spatial volumes interact as a dynamic interplay of surfaces, materials, atmospheres and perceptions, is a constant blurring of these limits. This interplay is foregrounded in the work of James Turrell, whose projects engage the complexity of these relationships. His projects create ambiguous and oscillating readings of inside and outside, the experience of which is more complex than the abstract or sublime experience of his work as typically represented. This paper will discuss an early installation by Turrell called Meeting (1986) in relation to Sylvia Lavin’s notion of ‘kissing’: an extended metaphor which uses the term in both its bodily and geometric senses, to describe a more pliable and dynamic notion of spatial threshold. Kissing will be used to think through the relationships present in the experience of Turrell’s work. I will examine how combinations of our bodies, exterior atmospheres – weather, and interior atmospheres – ambience, intermix to create new, provisional ways of thinking about threshold. This complex experience of interiority distinguishes it from the discipline of architecture. Thinking of the interior as distinct from architecture allows it to operate as a site of experimentation, which can disrupt our habitual attention and invite a reconsideration of the categories we employ to make useful sense of the world.

The Stratus Project: Responsive Interior Atmospheres

ABSTRACTThe Stratus Project is an ongoing body of design research investigating the potential for kinetic, sensing, and environment-responsive interior envelope systems. A distributed matrix of material assemblies, sensors, and actuators is deployed to establish a light and air-based interior environment responsive to occupancy and atmospherics conditions. The project looks to attune attention to our immediate air-based environment and to the physical conditions that produce it and to establish an exchange of information–and eventually a dialog–between atmosphere and breather. The Stratus Project thus investigates the potential of an emerging interior environment, technologically mediated, responsive and adaptive, that considers the atmosphere, the envelope, and the breather as three components of a single system.

Experience accounting: an accounting system that is relevant for the production of restaurant experiences

Restaurants are clearly part of the experience industry but managers get little information and support from the accounting system in their efforts to create memorable meal experiences for their customers. The objective of this study is to empirically assess how an accounting system can be better aligned with the production of customer experiences. First, total costs are allocated to the production of four major types of experiences in a restaurant: basic food, culinary finesse, atmosphere, and service. This is followed by an analysis of customer evaluations of a meal experience categorised into the same four components. The study is based on empirical accounting data from three restaurants and an explorative study of how their customers evaluate an ideal as well as an actual meal experience they had in that restaurant. Experience evaluations are made in monetary terms, using the contingent valuation method, and the value of an experience can be compared with the cost of producing it. The analysis of the production cost compared with the value created indicate that, on average, the restaurants need to reallocate resources from service and basic food expenses to invest in the interior atmosphere of the restaurant to meet customer expectations.