This study presents an approach to predict the effects of shot peening on the thermal fatigue crack propagation behaviour of nickel-based Ni75 alloy. For this purpose, from an engineering perspective, comprising experimental tests data and finite element simulations, were used to estimate the thermal fatigue crack propagation behaviour of the material. Despite many other studies that have been performed to evaluate the fatigue crack growth behavior, only a few were previously conducted on thermal fatigue damage in different types of materials. Furthermore, the interaction of shot peening treatment and thermal fatigue crack propagation behavior is rare. Comparison of the results from the experimental test and FE model showed that the model appropriately predicted the thermal fatigue crack growth behaviour. The fracture mechanism evaluation showed that the compressive residual stress, induced by shot peening treatment, reduced both the crack opening and secondary crack branching. Also, the results show the crack initiation life of the shot peened specimen (SP) is about 2.5 times more than the non shotpeened specimen (NSP). Moreover, the microscopy analysis showed that the failure mechanism of the NSP and SP specimens were transgranular and a combination of intergranular and transgranular cracking, respectively