1. Introduction: Towards a Socio-Economics of Industrial Networks Gernot Grabher , Social Science Centre, Berlin Part I: Blurring Boundaries: Explaining Inter-Firm Co-operation in Networks 2. The Network as a Governance Structure Hakan Hakansson and Jan Johanson , both of University of Uppsala, Sweden 3. Explaining Inter-Firm Co-operation and Innovation: The Limits of the Transaction Cost Approach Bengt-Ake Lundvall , Aalborg University, Denmark Part II: High Technology Networks: Horizontal Inter-Firm Cooperation and Strategic Alliances 4. Interfirm Strategic Technology Networks and Modes of Technology Partnering in High-Tech Sectors John Hagedoorn , MERIT, The Netherlands 5. External Growth in the Computer Industry: Organizational Perspectives Mario Benassi , University of Trento, Italy 6. Knowledge in the Network and the Network Knowledge: The Structuring of the Biotechnology and Semiconductor Industries Bruce Kogutand & Weijin Shan , both of the University of Pennsylvania and Gordon Walker , Yale University Part III: Subcontracting Networks: Vertical Inter-Firm Co-operation and Disaggregation of Large Companies 7. An Exit/Voice Approach to Supplier Relations: The Case of the U.S. Automobile Industry Susan Helper , Boston University 8. Small Firms and Outsourcing as Flexibility Reservoirs of Large Companies Klaus Semlinger , Institute for Social Research, Munich 9. Vertical Disaggregation and Privatization in Hungary: Organizational Consequences Laszlo Neumann , Research Institute of Labor, Hungary Part IV: Regional Networks: Embedded in Industrial Districts 10. Factory or Putting-Out? Knitting Networks in Modena Mark H. Lazerson , State University of New York at Stony Brook 11. Power in the Decentralized Industrial Order: The Case of Baden-Wurttemberg Gary B. Herrigel , University of Chicago 12. The Weakness of Strong Ties: The Ambivalent Role of Inter-Firm Cooperation in the Ruhr Area Gernot Grabher , Social Science Centre, Berlin 13. Local, Global Networks: A Return to the Regional Economy? Ash Amin , University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne.