Interference Processes Research Articles

Laser-assisted photoionization beyond the dipole approximation

We present a theoretical study of atomic laser-assisted photoionization emission (LAPE) beyond the dipole approximation. By considering the non-relativistic non-dipole strong-field approximation (non-dipole Gordon-Volkov wave function), we analyze the different contributions to the photoelectron spectrum (PES), which can be written in terms of intra- and intercycle factors. We find that not only does our non-dipole approach exhibit asymmetric emission in the direction of light propagation, but also allows emission in dipole-forbidden directions. The former feature can be rooted both in intra- and intercycle interference processes, whilst the latter stems from a dependence of the sideband energy on the emission angle with respect to the propagation direction. Our theoretical scheme, presented here for He atoms in the 1s quantum state, is general enough to be applied to other atomic species and field configurations.

A.V. Polyakov’s Communicative Theory of Law in the Conditions of the Medial Turn: Structural Points of Growth

This article concerns the points of growth of A.V. Polyakov's communicative theory of law in the conditions of a medial turn. The main purpose of the A.V. Polyakov theory was to integrate various types of legal understanding, reconciling the confrontation of natural law, positivism, and sociological theories of law. The semantic core of this theory is the concept of legal communication as an interaction between legal subjects who are aware of each other's rights and recognize them. The medial turn associated with total digitalization is becoming a new challenge for the communicative theory of law. The author analyzes its nodal moments, in which it is possible to expand the heuristic potential of the theory. The starting point of the analysis is the structure of communication, the treatment of which allows one to concretize, expand, and supplement the initial provisions of the theory of A.V. Polyakov. In the part of the theory related to the consideration of communicants, A.V. Polyakov introduces the intersubjective figure of the Other, thanks to which legal communication is focused on the counterparty. However, a different figurativeness of the Other is possible here, based on the typification of polysubject communication and the combinatorics of classical forms of communication in intermediate models. The examination of the communication channel reveals the possibility of calibrating A.V. Polyakov's chosen broad understanding of the text as any set of signs included in semiosis through a narrow understanding of the text as a form of communication based on M. McLuhan's idea of communication revolutions. In this case, the prospects for research on the role of media text in the legal communication of digital society open up. The message is the material basis for transporting the meaning of legal communication. It is possible to expand the theory by analyzing the processes of interference of meaning within a single message based on the methodology of N. Luhmann's autopoiesis. The effects of legal communication can be considered more panoramically when detailing the system of communication blocks of various natures, which is conceptualized on the basis of R. Dahrendorf's theory of social conflict. Structural analysis of communication is both a strategy for detailing its features and a methodological technique for expanding theory through new projects of methodological syntheses with social theories.

Resisting Visual, Phonological, and Semantic Interference - Same or Different Processes? A Focused Mini-Review.

The unitary nature of resistance to interference (RI) processes remains a strongly debated question: are they central cognitive processes or are they specific to the stimulus domains on which they operate? This focused mini-review examines behavioral, neuropsychological and neuroimaging evidence for and against domain-general RI processes, by distinguishing visual, verbal phonological and verbal semantic domains. Behavioral studies highlighted overall low associations between RI capacity across domains. Neuropsychological studies mainly report dissociations for RI abilities between the three domains. Neuroimaging studies highlight a left vs. right hemisphere distinction for verbal vs. visual RI, with furthermore distinct neural processes supporting phonological versus semantic RI in the left inferior frontal gyrus. While overall results appear to support the hypothesis of domain-specific RI processes, we discuss a number of methodological caveats that ask for caution in the interpretation of existing studies.

Interference Measurements of Non-Abelian e/4 & Abelian e/2 Quasiparticle Braiding

The quantum Hall states at filling factors $\nu=5/2$ and $7/2$ are expected to have Abelian charge $e/2$ quasiparticles and non-Abelian charge $e/4$ quasiparticles. The non-Abelian statistics of the latter has been predicted to display a striking interferometric signature, the even-odd effect. By measuring resistance oscillations as a function of magnetic field in Fabry-P\'erot interferometers using new high purity heterostructures, we for the first time report experimental evidence for the non-Abelian nature of excitations at $\nu=7/2$. At both $\nu=5/2$ and $7/2$ we also examine, for the first time, the fermion parity, a topological quantum number of an even number of non-Abelian quasiparticles. The phase of observed $e/4$ oscillations is reproducible and stable over long times (hours) near both filling factors, indicating stability of the fermion parity. At both fractions, when phase fluctuations are observed, they are predominantly $\pi$ phase flips, consistent with either fermion parity change or change in the number of the enclosed $e/4$ quasiparticles. We also examine lower-frequency oscillations attributable to Abelian interference processes in both states. Taken together, these results constitute new evidence for the non-Abelian nature of $e/4$ quasiparticles; the observed life-time of their combined fermion parity further strengthens the case for their utility for topological quantum computation.

Generation of Maximally Entangled Long-Lived States with Giant Atoms in a Waveguide.

In this Letter, we show how to efficiently generate entanglement between two artificial giant atoms with photon-mediated interactions in a waveguide. Taking advantage of the adjustable decay processes of giant atoms into the waveguide and of the interference processes, spontaneous sudden birth of entanglement can be strongly enhanced with giant atoms. Highly entangled states can also be generated in the steady-state regime when the system is driven by a resonant classical field. We show that the statistics of the light emitted by the system can be used as a witness of the presence of entanglement in the system, since giant photon bunching is observed close to the regime of maximal entanglement. Given the degree of quantum correlations incoherently generated in this system, our results open a broad avenue for the generation of quantum correlations and manipulation of photon statistics in systems of giant atoms.

Controllable EIT-like mode splitting in a chiral microcavity.

Two coupled resonance modes can lead to exotic transmission spectra due to internal interference processes. Examples include electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in atoms and mode splitting in optics. The ability to control individual modes plays a crucial role in controlling such transmission spectra for practical applications. Here we experimentally demonstrate a controllable EIT-like mode splitting in a single microcavity using a double-port excitation. The mode splitting caused by internal coupling between two counter-propagating resonances can be effectively controlled by varying the power of the two inputs, as well as their relative phase. Moreover, the presence of asymmetric scattering in the microcavity leads to chiral behaviors in the mode splitting in the two propagating directions, manifesting itself in terms of a Fano-like resonance mode. These results may offer a compact platform for a tunable device in all-optical information processing.

Spatiotemporal vectorial solitons in nonlinear ultrafast dual-core fiber lasers

The processes of soliton generation and interference focus on the complex nonlinear soliton dynamics resembling matter particles. In order to further understand the dynamic process of solitons from a multidimensional perspective, here we report the vectorial solitons nature under two-sets pulse splitting in a single cavity induced by dual-core fiber assisted ultrafast fiber lasers. Owing to the weakly coupled cores in symmetrical dual core fiber (SDCF), two pulse groups interaction are formed in a cavity. By using the dispersive Fourier transformation technique (DFT), it was found that the four-component polarized rotation vector solitons (PRVS) generate. Moreover, gradually increasing the power can obtain the locked soliton bound state in two core space, and the corresponding evolution is similar to that of non-degenerate bright solitons in Bose Einstein condensates (BEC). In addition, by properly controlling the soliton phase offset in SDCF, the soliton rain state of multi pulse evolution can be obtained. The related experimental results would be fruitful to the communities interested in soliton dynamics and frequency comb lasers.

Audio-Visual Interference During Motion Discriminationin Starlings.

Motion discrimination is essential for animals to avoid collisions, to escape from predators, to catch prey or to communicate. Although most terrestrial vertebrates can benefit by combining concurrent stimuli from sound and vision to obtain a most salient percept of the moving object, there is little research on the mechanisms involved in such cross-modal motion discrimination. We used European starlings as a model with a well-studied visual and auditory system. In a behavioural motion discrimination task with visual and acoustic stimuli, we investigated the effects of cross-modal interference and attentional processes. Our results showed an impairment of motion discrimination when the visual and acoustic stimuli moved in opposite directions as compared to congruent motion direction. By presenting an acoustic stimulus of very short duration, thus lacking directional motion information, an additional alerting effect of the acoustic stimulus became evident. Finally, we show that a temporally leading acoustic stimulus did not improve the response behaviour compared to the synchronous presentation of the stimuli as would have been expected in case of major alerting effects. This further supports the importance of congruency and synchronicity in the current test paradigm with a minor role of attentional processes elicited by the acoustic stimulus. Together, our data clearly show cross-modal interference effects in an audio-visual motion discrimination paradigm when carefully selecting real-life stimuli under parameter conditions that meet the known criteria for cross-modal binding.

СВОЕОБРАЗИЕ ЯЗЫКА РОССИЙСКИХ НЕМЦЕВ (на примере сказок Н. Ваккер)

In the article, using the examples from Nellie Wacker’s fairy tales, which were published by a Kazakh publishing house in 1995, when the author was already living in Cologne (Germany), the originality of the language of Russian Germans is demonstrated. The article represents a certain contribution to the development of linguopersonology. The bilingual author consciously, and sometimes unconsciously, includes examples from the field of grammar, vocabulary, semantics and stylistics in the texts of fairy tales. All of them arose as a result of the contact of the two languages: German and Russian, as well as the processes of interference, and the consequences of the influence of the Russian language on the German one. All examples are confirmed by native German speakers and are clear evidence of the artistic bilingualism of Russian Germans.

The particle forth during the Early Modern English period: Linguistic interferences with the particles on and out

ABSTRACT Phrasal verbs formed with forth spread within the linguistic system up to the Early Modern English (EModE) period when they started to decrease in use as a result of internal mechanisms of change and linguistic competition with other particles such as on and out (Brinton 1988; Hiltunen 1994; Akimoto 2006; Thim 2006; De Smet 2010). Despite widespread knowledge, no studies have examined quantitatively the single steps forth followed over the years or questioned the role performed by productivity and processes of semantic specialisation of single instances in the processes of replacement. The present study is a corpus-based investigation that aims to fill this gap. The study has been undertaken on the Corpus of English Dialogues (CED), which is a multi-genre corpus covering the EModE period and, specifically, the years 1560–1760 (Kytö & Walker 2006). The analysis proves that the particle forth shows limited productivity, which created the conditions for processes of interference and replacement. The lexical context favoured the semantic specialisation of the particles on and out which stimulated the retraction of forth.

Seasonal Dynamic of Physicochemical Parameters of Berach River System in Udaipur District, Rajasthan

Surface and ground water have been contaminated is a result of the improper disposal of industrial and municipal waste. Seasonal variations in human interference and natural processes particularly rainfall and temperature have an impact on the water quality of aquatic ecosystems. During the study, Sarjana tank showed the lowest average value of water temperature, 25.31ºC, whereas Gadwa pond had the maximum average value of water temperature (28.25ºC). The highest depth of visibility observed in Bada Madar tank (104cm) in winter 2019 and lowest depth of visibility observed in downstream pond (9.2cm) in monsoon 2019. Industrial pollution was responsible for comparatively low pH in the ponds of Berach river viz Upstream, Downstream, Gadwa, Daroli pond and Sarjana tank. The maximum average dissolved oxygen was found in Fatehsagar lake and minimum average dissolved oxygen found in Daroli pond. Udaisagar lake had highest alkalinity of 324.00 mg/l during winter 2018 and the lowest value of 68mg/l was observed in Down-stream pond in winter 2019. Chhota Madar tank had the lowest average hardness value of 136.61 mg/L. The highest mean conductivity (3.1018 m.mhos.) value was observed in the Down-stream pond and the lowest mean conductivity (0.3178 m.mhos.) in Chota Madar pond. Lowest TDS value (151.8 ppm) was in Bada Madar tank during the monsoon of 2018 and highest (4999.2 ppm) was in the downstream pond during winter 2018. Lowest mean chloride was found in Fatehsagar lake while highest mean chloride was found in downstream pond. Chhota Madar tank was found to be most rich in phosphates (0.4856 mg/l).

Quantitative analysis on self-focusing properties of H-PDLC flexible curved radius gratings.

In general, the shape of traditional holographic grating is fixed and immutable, the period will not change after fabrication, this means that the modulation effect on the light field is unalterable. However, traditional grating cannot satisfy all requirements of current optical systems. In order to increase the versatility of holographic grating, a flexible curved radius grating (FCRG) which consists of holographic polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (H-PDLC) was proposed. The FCRG has an important self-focusing property that it can be adjusted the focal length by changing its own radius of curvature correspondingly. In this paper, we use the scalar diffraction theory to analysis the interference and diffraction processes for FCRG under different conditions, then a relationship equation has been deduced to express quantitatively about FCRG between its radius and focal length. According to the relationship, a tunable holographic element is achieved for the function of mechanically-controlled self-focusing effect. Experiments show that the FCRG has two conjugated focusing effects on the positive first-order and negative first-order, both two effects can achieve focus-adjusted ability by changing their radius of curvature. The FCRG provides a way for the coupler of curved waveguide display system for augmented reality in the future.

An interference iterative reconstruction algorithm based on a single off-axis digital hologram

Compared with in-line digital holography, off-axis digital holography can be used to image more kinds of objects without the limitation of weak phase and sparsity, but the resolution is lower. In this paper, we put forward a high-resolution iterative reconstruction algorithm for off-axis holography which requires only the recording of a single off-axis hologram. Interference and inverse interference processes are used to extract the object wave from the off-axis hologram. A frequency domain filter with increasing radius is used to improve the competitive advantage of low frequency information in the early iterations, while retaining the high frequency information. The constraints of total variation and positive absorption are implemented at the object plane to enhance the robustness of the algorithm. Numerical simulations and experiments show that the resolution of our method is higher than traditional off-axis digital holography. In addition, it is suitable for phase image when the object has a strong phase fluctuation, as well as for imaging dynamical objects.

Practices of Teaching the Russian Language in the System of Professional Development Courses for Teachers of the Russian Language and Literature in the Republic of Armenia

This paper discusses some issues of the status of the Russian language for the CIS countries, and offers recommendations for the systematic organization of training in innovative practices. It is proposed, in particular, tuse the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) as a method for assessing the level of language proficiency in the learning process and defining the goals of each lesson. In the course of the study, we found that in the Republic of Armenia, out of 1350 schools, 65 are schools with in-depth study of the Russian language; 45 with Russian as the language of instruction for ethnically non-Russian children; 30 - for densely residing national minorities. Armenia is a monoethnic country. Only Russian is used by 5% of the population. Thus, the method of teaching the Russian language in schools with the Armenian language of instruction has become a kind of indicator for determining the quality of teaching Russian as a foreign language (or ILV) and identifying the problems of mutual influence of languages - invariable processes of transposition and interference. After analyzing the body of textbooks for schools developed in the last decade, we come to the conclusion that modern textbooks cognitively enrich students in various fields of knowledge and familiarize them with examples of high artistry, thereby fulfilling the aesthetic and educational task.

Multi-RF and Generalized Single-RF Combination Models for Spatial Modulation and NOMA Technologies

Inspired by the individual advantages of spatial modulation (SM), space shift keying (SSK), and non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technologies, this research designs NOMA-SM/SSK amalgamation models with a general number of users. Based on the number of RF chains, they are classified into multi-RF (MRF) and single-RF (SRF) models. We first present a spectral-efficient MRF model and then propose a new energy-efficient generalized SRF model denoted as SRFGen. In SRFGen, all users jointly choose a shared transmit antenna (TA) and independently select their modulation symbols. The SRFGen's flexibility produces several special cases covering the literature on SRF models and resolves their limits. Among the scenarios, an SRF NOMA-SSK supports multi <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-</i> SSK signals and is proposed to reduce interference and detection processes. Then, introduce a low complexity TA index detector and an adaptive and fair power allocation algorithm. The spectral efficiency (SE) of the MRF and SRFGen is analyzed with lower bounds for both Gaussian and finite-alphabet inputs. Using the SE analysis and bit-error-rate (BER) simulation, the NOMA-SM/SSK models are evaluated regarding users’ rates, sum-rate, ergodic capacity, and BER. The results show that the MRF grants high SE, whereas the SRFGen provides flexibility in trading-off features like SE, BER, users’ fairness, and detection complexity. The outcomes also reveal the superior performance of the presented SRF models compared to the literature SRF models. Besides, the results reinforce the superiority of NOMA-SM/SSK over OMA-SM.

The Process of Facilitative Learning as the Basis of the Humanization of Education

the purpose of our research is: to develop (by the type of speech reaction) four types of transformation utterances of facilitative interaction at lessons, which depend on the processes of internal interference and conceptual correla-tion of the definition “facilitative learning as the basis of the humanization of edu cation”; to organize the pilot research of facilitative interaction of pupils at the English lesson (form 5­A, 42 pupils, school No 12, Rivne) during 2020­2021 years.methods of the research. The following theoretical methods of the re-search were used to solve the tasks formulated in the article: a categorical me­thod, structural and functional methods, the methods of the analysis, systemati-zation, modeling, and generalization. Also in our research we used the empirical method of the pilot experiment.the results of the research. In order to test our hypothesis about facilitative activity of pupils, its productivity or non­productivity, we compared the results of respondents’ cognitive activities when they worked alone and in the case of the implementation of facilitative activity in the presence of observers. It is proved that these two indicators were correlated again after some training (when cog-nitive activity was performed several times). While testing our hypothesis, it was found the most accurate physiological indicator to register changes in the level of arousal of the personality. A similar research was organized the next month. In this research, pupils performed appropriate tasks to actualize psychomotor skills in the presence of observers. The results showed that the presence of ten passive observers during the mastery of a highly complex of mental and psycho-motor skill worsened the activity of respondents significantly at the beginning of the empirical study compared to training alone. conclusions. It was proved, that C. Rogers’ ideas on the importance of the process of facilitative learning, the role of the teacher, his/her facilitative rela-tionships with pupils were the basis for the humanization of education abroad, and the main empirical research was provided in the 60­70’s. The results of the facilitation training, which involved thousands of teachers and tens of thousands of primary, secondary and college schoolchildren in England and the United States, suggested that pupils’ personal development had also been improved: their self ­esteem had been improved, cognitive abilities had been developed, which facilitated the improvement of physical and mental health, performance and the activity of schoolchildren.C. Rogers’ humanistic ideas, which contribute to the growth of educatio­nal potential, are especially important for the democratization of the Ukrainian school and our society. In the theory of C. Rogers we often see implied system of certain ideas about a man and his/her essence, or a special method of psy-chotherapy, or just a set of carefully designed techniques for correcting interper-sonal relationships.

Pain interference and cognitive processes of e-cigarette use: The differential effect of sex.

Recent years have been marked by an increase in electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use. Although some evidence suggests that e-cigarettes used in isolation may be less harmful than combustible cigarettes, e-cigarette use carries significant health risks. Data are critically needed to identify risk factors that promote and maintain e-cigarette use. The current project examined how the relation between pain interference (i.e., how much pain interferes with daily functioning) and cognitive processes of e-cigarette use (i.e., perceived barriers for quitting e-cigarettes, perceived risks of e-cigarettes, and negative expectancies of using e-cigarettes) differ across sex. Participants included 340 (61.5% female; 77.1% Caucasian/White; Mage = 36.68 years, SD = 10.75) adult past-month e-cigarette users. Results suggested that increased pain interference was more strongly related to greater perceived barriers to cessation, perceived risks of e-cigarettes, and negative expectancies of using e-cigarettes among males relative to females. Importantly, this work suggests that e-cigarette use may operate differently than other substances that have been studied in the past in that male e-cigarette users may be more vulnerable than female e-cigarette users to the effects of pain interference on cognitive processes of e-cigarette use. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Semi-classical Monte Carlo algorithm for the simulation of X-ray grating interferometry

Traditional simulation techniques such as wave optics methods and Monte Carlo (MC) particle transport cannot model both interference and inelastic scattering phenomena within one framework. Based on the rules of quantum mechanics to calculate probabilities, we propose a new semi-classical MC algorithm for efficient and simultaneous modeling of scattering and interference processes. The similarities to MC particle transport allow the implementation as a flexible c++ object oriented extension of EGSnrc—a well-established MC toolkit. In addition to previously proposed Huygens principle based transport through optics components, new variance reduction techniques for the transport through gratings are presented as transport options to achieve the required improvement in speed and memory costs necessary for an efficient exploration (system design—dose estimations) of the medical implementation of X-ray grating interferometry (GI), an emerging imaging technique currently subject of tremendous efforts towards clinical translation. The feasibility of simulation of interference effects is confirmed in four academic cases and an experimental table-top GI setup. Comparison with conventional MC transport show that deposited energy features of EGSnrc are conserved.

ГРАВИТАЦИЯ: теоретическая модель

A theoretical model of the formation of gravity and such dialectical categories as time, speed of light and intranuclear superdense matter, directly related to it, are presented. Categories are forms of knowledge reflection about the universal laws of the objective world, its unity, interaction and development of its components. Gravity is the main creative derivative of the potential energy of the Universe. This is a product of the process of interference of quantum wave fluctuations of potential energy and coherent wave oscillations of the quark-gluon energy mechanism of atomic nuclei. The consequence of the most complex microwave interaction between the potential energy consumed by nuclei and the internal energy of atomic nuclei are ultrashort waves, representing electromagnetic γ-radiation (γ-quantum, photon, corpuscle). In areas of increased concentration of wave energy, when the anomalous threshold oscillation frequency of 734 Hz is reached, the interaction of locally manifested wave processes of quantum fluctuation and interference can form elementary particles with a dense mass, increased energy charge and other characteristics characteristic of baryonic matter. The frequency of 734 Hz, indistinguishable by man, corresponds to the time interval of 0.00136 seconds and the supposed boundary of the pulsating material Universe. Electromagnetic and gravitational radiations are actively formed on it, entropy and products of other energy processes corresponding to the bifurcation boundary of evolution decrease or increase. The relevance of the research lies in the expediency of systematics, structuring, systematization of fundamental knowledge about matter, its "origins" to clarify the methodological principles and the significance of the "original" energy evolution in natural science. The object of the research is gravity - one of the most important methodological categories in the form of fundamental time. The subject of the research is the fundamental properties of gravity, which ensure the existence and evolution of the matter of the Metagalaxy. The purpose of the research is virtual forms of the existence and evolution of gravity, and the main task to be solved is to clarify the significance of the wave quantum fluctuation of energy. The methodological tool for solving the problem is the numerous fundamental structural levels of the organization of the matter of the Universe, indicating its polygenic energy essence and evolutionary nature. The concept of a system of scientifically based, interconnected and logically linked scientific views based on many years of experience in small-medium-scale predictive studies in the oldest mining region of Russia - Eastern Transbaikalia. Encyclopedic natural-science knowledge of the matter of the Universe, fundamental hierarchical structures of its matter, cause-and-effect relationships of the functioning of energy systems, theoretical and practical models of the Earth's matter, as well as knowledge of the objective perception of the world, its laws and phenomena by collecting, computer processing of empirical data to solve the problem are used. . It is taken into account that dialectical materialism beyond the "visibility" (length) of light (optical) and electron waves is gradually being replaced by theoretical (philosophical) materialism based on the laws of logic and fractal. Gravity combines space and time into a single energy category called the Universe

ПОТЕНЦИАЛЬНАЯ ЭНЕРГИЯ - КАТЕГОРИЯ ПРОСТРАНСТВА

A theoretical model of potential energy is presented as a world space filled with “dormant” energy waves of low oscillation frequency, diverse in configuration. It has been established that the interaction of locally manifested wave processes of quantum fluctuations, interference and diffraction in areas of increased energy concentration upon reaching the anomalous threshold oscillation frequency of 734 Hz forms elementary particles with a denser mass, increased energy charge and other characteristics characteristic of baryonic matter. The relevance of the research is observed in the expediency of systematics, structuring fundamental knowledge about matter, its “sources” to clarify the methodological principles and the significance of the evolution of “original” energy in natural science. The object of the research is potential energy, which is one of the most important methodological categories in the form of space. The subject of the research is the fundamental properties of potential energy, which ensure the existence and evolution of the matter of the Metagalaxy. The purpose of the study is virtual forms of the existence and evolution of energy, and the main task to be solved is to clarify the significance of the wave quantum fluctuation of energy. The methodological tool for solving the problem is the numerous fundamental structural levels of the organization of the matter of the Universe, indicating its polygenic energy essence and evolutionary nature. The concept of a system of scientifically based, interconnected and logically linked scientific views based on many years of experience in small-medium-scale predictive studies in the oldest mining region of Russia - Eastern Transbaikalia. Encyclopedic natural-science knowledge of the matter of the Universe, fundamental hierarchical structures of its matter, cause-and-effect relationships of the functioning of energy systems, theoretical and practical models of the Earth's matter, as well as knowledge of the objective perception of the world, its laws and phenomena by collecting, computer processing of empirical data to solve the problem are used. . It is taken into account that dialectical materialism beyond the “visibility” (length) of light (optical) and electron waves is gradually being replaced by theoretical (philosophical) materialism based on the laws of logic and fractal. Physically invisible all-penetrating potential energy is consumed by all material particles, all inorganic and organic bodies, without this “spatially nourishing” energy, physical existence is excluded.