Interface Prototype Research Articles

Towards a global traffic control (dispatcher) algorithm - interface prototype design

This paper presents an overview of the design and development of a prototype Global Dispatcher Interface (GDI) for the control of a group of lifts. The role of the dispatcher is to assign passenger calls to the optimal lift in a group, as decided by a dispatcher algorithm. The GDI is independent of the underlying algorithm, which may be distributed remotely, and provides a standard means through which all interactions may occur. To warrant the “Global” appellation the GDI must support any of the currently available, as well as anticipated, call station modes, types and configurations of cars, topology of control equipment and buildings. The design process is a continuation of a recognised Software Development Lifecycle, centred on Use Cases in a UML model, the initiation of which is covered in a previous paper. Significant diagrams from the model are presented and discussed to illustrate the evolution of the prototype design. One of the requirements, resulting from analysis of the Use Cases, identifies that the GDI design must be compatible with a publish-and-subscribe architecture and a RESTful interface is selected for this purpose. Where possible, the prototype design uses open standards with an emphasis on demonstrating aspects that are specific to lift system dispatcher operation, while attempting to demonstrate independence from implementation details such as programming language, network protocols, etc. The Standard Elevator Information Schema is particularly relevant and fulfils these objectives. The operation of the working prototype, in conjunction with simulated lifts and passengers, is presented as a validation of the design.

Choosing the optimal environment for visual development of a graphical user interface

Adobe Experience Design, Sketch, Figma are the most common visual GUI development environments. In this paper, a comparative analysis of these most popular tools is carried out in accordance with the specified criteria. Choosing the right visual development environment allows to create the most accurate, realistic interface prototype, as well as increase the efficiency of the project.

Development of Interface Device for Modular Agricultural Robotic Platform

To create multifunctional robotic platforms for agricultural use, it is reasonable to use a modular principle that will allow installing various equipment depending on the tasks assigned to the robotic tool. Providing autonomous reconfiguration capabilities will reduce human interference and maintenance costs. (Research purpose) This work is aimed at developing a scalable device for interfacing functional modules with the agricultural robotic base platform, which can provide mechanical fixation, energy transfer and information exchange. (Materials and methods) This article analyzes the previous research into the solutions for interfacing modules in robotic complexes and points out their benefits and drawbacks. Based on the analysis and own research, the interface mechanism structure was developed to ensure the correct mutual position and fixation of the module to the base platform under the assumption of possible energy and information exchange. (Results and discussion) In the course of the work, the design ratios for the interface device were derived, making it possible to calculate the permissible linear displacements and permissible angular deviation of the mechanism interfacing elements. Based on the permissible linear deviations up to 10-13 millimeters and a permissible angular deviation of 20 degrees, the main dimensions of the device prototype were obtained. A prototype interface device was operationalized with the dimensional specifications of 200 millimeters in length, 130 millimeters in width, 58 millimeters in height. Several experiments with the device prototype were carried out based on various linear and angular deviations of the interfacing elements. (Conclusions) It was found out that successful interfacing occurs in 98 percent of cases subject to admissible calculated displacements. It was concluded that the proposed interface device will allow for the autonomous replacement of modules of multifunctional robotic platforms.

Penggunaan Metode Prototype dalam Pengembangan Aplikasi Monitoring dan Evaluasi Terhadap Renja SKPD Kab Lombok Tengah

The process of monitoring and evaluation in a government agency, especially Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah (BAPPEDA) of Lombok Tengah Regency is one of the most important things to do. The process of monitoring the implementation of work is carried out to obtain facts, data, and information in the process of achieving goals. Bappeda Lombok Tengah in the process of implementing monitoring and evaluation still uses the conventional system by collecting SKPD files on a quarterly basis which causes the process to be inefficient. Therefore the application is very necessary. The purpose of this research is to produce an application to facilitate the monitoring and evaluation of the current year's RENJA. The system design/development method used is the prototyping method. The implementation of the prototype method is carried out in 3 (three) stages, the first stage is listening to system users related to system requirements, the second stage is making prototype interfaces and the third is testing the prototype interface that has been proposed by the user. In this study, the system will be tested with usability testing in the form of a questionnaire. The test consists of 3 assessments, namely system quality, information quality and service quality. to get feedback from users. Results of System Testing using a questionnaire method involving 10 respondents reached 87% which indicates that the RENJA Information system is very suitable for use by users. With this application, Bapeda can monitor the Work Plan of each SKPD and can provide an assessment of the realization of DPA-SKPD quickly, precisely and efficiently.

Application of persuasive systems design principles to design a self-management application user interface for Hispanic informal dementia caregivers: user preferences and perceptions.

ObjectiveWe designed an mHealth application (app) user interface (UI) prototype informed by participatory design sessions, persuasive systems design (PSD) principles, and Lorig and Holman’s self-management behavior framework to support self-management activities of Hispanic informal dementia caregivers and assessed their perceptions and preferences regarding features and functions of the app.Materials and MethodsOur observational usability study design employed qualitative methods and forced choice preference assessments to identify: (1) the relationship between user preferences for UI features and functions and PSD principles and (2) user preferences for UI design features and functions and app functionality. We evaluated 16 pairs of mHealth app UI prototype designs. Eight paper-based paired designs were used to assess the relationship between PSD principles and caregiver preferences for UI features and functions to support self-management. An Apple iPad WIFI 32GB was used to display another 8 paired designs and assess caregiver preferences for UI functions to support the self-management process.ResultsCaregivers preferred an app UI with features and functions that incorporated a greater number of PSD principles and included an infographic to facilitate self-management. Moreover, caregivers preferred a design that did not depend on manual data entry, opting instead for functions such as drop-down list, drag-and-drop, and voice query to prioritize, choose, decide, and search when performing self-management activities.ConclusionOur assessment approaches allowed us to discern which UI features, functions, and designs caregivers preferred. The targeted application of PSD principles in UI designs holds promise for supporting personalized problem identification, goal setting, decision-making, and action planning as strategies for improving caregiver self-management confidence.

Design of Belarusian and Russian natural language interfaces for online help systems

O b j e c t i v e s. The main goal of the work is a research of the natural language user interfaces and the developmentof a prototype of such an interface. The prototype is a bilingual Russian and Belarusian question-and-answer dialogue system. The research of the natural language interfaces was conducted in terms of the use of natural language for interaction between a user and a computer system. The main problems here are the ambiguity of natural language and the difficulties in the design of natural language interfaces that meet user expectations.M e t ho d s. The main principles of modelling the natural language user interfaces are considered. As an intelligent system, it consists of a database, knowledge machine and a user interface. Speech recognition and speech synthesis components make natural language interfaces more convenient from the point of view of usability.R e s u l t s. The description of the prototype of a natural language interface for a question-and-answer intelligent system is presented. The model of the prototype includes speech-to-text and text-to-speech Belarusian and Russian subsystems, generation of responses in the form of the natural language and formal text.An additional component is natural Belarusian and Russian voice input. Some of the data, required for human voice recognition, are stored as knowledge in the knowledge base or created on the basis of existing knowledge. Another important component is Belarusian and Russian voice output. This component is the top required for making the natural language interface more user-friendly.Co n c l u s i o n. The article presents the research of natural language user interfaces, the result of which provides the development and description of the prototype of the natural language interface for the intelligent question- and-answer system.

User Interface Design With User Centered Design (UCD) Method on Bread Sales Mobile Application PT.Nippon Indosari Corpindo, Tbk

PT. Nippon Indosari Corpindo,Tbk. is one of the companies engaged in the food industry with its flagship product, namely bread with the brand "SARI ROTI". PT Nippon Indosari Corpindo,Tbk has been established since 1995. At PT Nippon Indosari Corpindo,Tbk, according to the author, the online buying and selling system used is not yet effective and efficient, because customers have to click the link to whatsapp to order, if the order has been entered then from the agent The center provides information to the nearest agent according to the location of the order ordered by the customer, and afterthat the nearest agent canonly send the order. Therefore, there is a lack of efficiency in the purchasing system. The problem isthat it does not yet have a prototype user interface for the Sari Roti mobile application. Based on these problems, user interface design was carried out and produced a prototype of the Sari Roti mobile application using a user centered design (UCD) model and for evaluation of the initial design using a usability scale (SUS) system to 11 respondents. This research is successful in designing a user interface that can view product lists, product details, make transactions, and order status. The initial design evaluation uses a usability scale system with initial calculations showing an average valueof 82,withGrade B

EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION OF MACHINE LEARNING MODELS IN CLINICAL DECISION SUPPORT TOOLS FOR PAH RISK PREDICTION

TOPIC: Education, Research, and Quality Improvement TYPE: Original Investigations PURPOSE: Risk-stratification in pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) is essential to determine prognosis, monitor disease progression, and response to treatment. To support accurate risk prediction, machine learning (ML) can “phenotype” patients with complex cardiovascular pathology more accurately than probabilistic risk-models derived methods or expert opinion. However, the output of ML algorithms is often less interpretable/‘user-friendly’, which is a barrier to its integration with best practices. METHODS: To understand the perspective of the provider when using a ML-based decision support tool, we interviewed physicians (n=30) with PAH expertise at academic, community, and international hospitals. Using a semi-structured interview protocol, we elicited feedback about how results from PHORA – a tree-augmented naïve Bayes model to predict 1-year survival in PAH patients – should be incorporated into a decision support tool for PAH risk prediction. Our interviews incorporated an interactive prototype of a user interface of the decision support tool. RESULTS: Using qualitative methods and thematic analysis, we extracted a cohesive set of design guidelines from our interviews. Highlights include: 1) the importance of showing the impact of the influence of specific variables into the overall risk prediction to help the user understand the logical basis for the prognosis 2) situating the model in context with more traditional risk calculators so physicians can calibrate their trust 3) presenting a temporal trajectory of the patients' risk over time, so they can see which variables are responsible for improved or declining health, and 4) the ability to add clinical notes to help keep track of useful situational context of the patient that might not be present in the collected variables alone. A common, unsolicited suggestion by several physicians interviewed was to consider using the interface as a communication tool to show patients, rather than simply as a prognosis tool to guide treatment. CONCLUSIONS: We assessed the needs of physicians for employing a ML-based decision support tool in the practice of determining PAH risk. Our interviews suggest physicians require interpretable models and should be contextualized with traditional statistical calculators and the changes of patient risk over time. By visualizing such information, physicians also believe, in addition to prognosis, such tools can serve as a useful communication tool for patients. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Uptake of clinical decision support tools employing ML models will depend on the manner in which algorithmic output is presented to clinicians and patients. Our interviews suggest that by involving physicians in the design process, we can effectively design clinical decision support tools. DISCLOSURES: No relevant relationships by James Antaki, source=Web Response Grants relationship with Actelion Please note: 2019-2021 Added 04/29/2021 by Raymond Benza, source=Web Response, value=Grant/Research Support Grants relationship with Bayer AG Please note: 2019-2021 Added 04/29/2021 by Raymond Benza, source=Web Response, value=Grant/Research Support Grants relationship with Bellerophon Please note: 2019-2021 Added 04/29/2021 by Raymond Benza, source=Web Response, value=Grant/Research Support Grants relationship with EIGER Please note: 2019-2021 Added 04/29/2021 by Raymond Benza, source=Web Response, value=Grant/Research Support No relevant relationships by Aditi Dhabalia, source=Web Response Advisory Committee Member relationship with Bayer Please note: 2016-2019 Added 04/30/2021 by Manreet Kanwar, source=Web Response, value=Consulting fee No relevant relationships by Mia Manavalan, source=Web Response Advisory Committee Member relationship with Blue Spark Technologies Please note: 2020-Present Added 04/16/2021 by Adam Perer, source=Web Response, value=Consulting fee Consultant relationship with Johnson & Johnson Please note: 2021-Present Added 04/16/2021 by Adam Perer, source=Web Response, value=Consulting fee No relevant relationships by Zhirou Xin, source=Web Response

Prototype Cataloging Interface Based on the IFLA Library Reference Model (LRM). Part 2: Usability Evaluation

This paper reports on usability evaluation that was carried out to evaluate the LRM-based prototype interface, presented in Part 1. A combination of focus group, Wizard of Oz method, and think-aloud protocol was used. The study was conducted in May 2019 with seven Slovenian catalogers from Maribor Public Library. Although participants had some difficulties understanding the LRM model, the user interface proved to be quite easy to use, quick to understand, and transparent. The functionality of the proposed prototype proved to be adequate, since the catalogers successfully and independently completed all the tasks without major problems and errors.

Dielectric screening and electric field control of ferromagnetism at the CaMnO3/CaRuO3 interface

Control of magnetism by an applied electric field is a desirable technique for the functionalization of magnetic materials. Motivated by recent experiments, we study the electric field control of the interfacial magnetism of ${\mathrm{CaRuO}}_{3}/{\mathrm{CaMnO}}_{3}$ (CRO/CMO) (001), a prototype interface between a nonmagnetic metal and an antiferromagnetic insulator. Even without the electric field, the interfacial CMO layer acquires a ferromagnetic moment due to a spin-canted state, caused by the Anderson-Hasegawa double exchange (DEX) between the Mn moments and the leaked electrons from the CRO side. An electric field would alter the carrier density at the interface, leading to the possibility of controlling the magnetism, since DEX is sensitive to the carrier density. We study this effect quantitatively using density-functional calculations in the slab geometry. We find a textbook-like dielectric screening of the electric field, which introduces polarization charges at the interfaces and the surfaces. The extra charge at the interface enhances the ferromagnetism via the DEX interaction, while away from the interface the original antiferromagnetic (AFM) state of the Mn layers remains unchanged. The effect could have potential application in spintronics devices.

Intuitive Cognition-Based Method for Generating Speech Using Hand Gestures.

Muteness at its various levels is a common disability. Most of the technological solutions to the problem creates vocal speech through the transition from mute languages to vocal acoustic sounds. We present a new approach for creating speech: a technology that does not require prior knowledge of sign language. This technology is based on the most basic level of speech according to the phonetic division into vowels and consonants. The speech itself is expected to be expressed through sensing of the hand movements, as the movements are divided into three rotations: yaw, pitch, and roll. The proposed algorithm converts these rotations through programming to vowels and consonants. For the hand movement sensing, we used a depth camera and standard speakers in order to produce the sounds. The combination of the programmed depth camera and the speakers, together with the cognitive activity of the brain, is integrated into a unique speech interface. Using this interface, the user can develop speech through an intuitive cognitive process in accordance with the ongoing brain activity, similar to the natural use of the vocal cords. Based on the performance of the presented speech interface prototype, it is substantiated that the proposed device could be a solution for those suffering from speech disabilities.

ANALISA DESAIN USER INTERFACE APLIKASI PROTOTYPE SMART SYSTEM IP CAMERA SECURITY BERBASIS APLIKASI ANDROID

The purpose of this research is as prototype of early study of development of IP camera monitoring application which can be accessed through Android Device, in development of a certain application can not be separated from its initial creation that is user interface design of an application, so in usage application user can understand navigation or button that are in the program. Usefulness of user interface design in user satisfaction of this application in accessing information that resides in the application. The object of this research is the design of user interface prototype android application Smart System IP Camera Security with respondents of 40 respondents. This research data is obtained from questionnaire data to android application user which then processed statistically by using range of category and percentage through Likert scale. The research results show all independent variables (indicator) EUCS, consist of Content (Content), Format (report) Accurancy (Timeliness), Ease of Use (Ease of Use), which has a significant relationship with the needs of users of the android application satisfaction. The results of this study indicate that the level of satisfaction with the overall user interface design fall into the category agree and feel satisfied using the android application, with a percentage of 95%.

Treemap-Based Cluster Visualization and its Application to Text Data Analysis

This paper proposes Treemap-based visualization for supporting cluster analysis of multi-dimensional data. It is important to grasp data distribution in a target dataset for such tasks as machine learning and cluster analysis. When dealing with multi-dimensional data such as statistical data and document datasets, dimensionality reduction algorithms are usually applied to project original data to lower-dimensional space. However, dimensionality reduction tends to lose the characteristics of data in the original space. In particular, the border between different data groups could not be represented correctly in lower-dimensional space. To overcome this problem, the proposed visualization method applies Fuzzy c-Means to target data and visualizes the result on the basis of the highest and the second-highest membership values with Treemap. Visualizing the information about not only the closest clusters but also the second closest ones is expected to be useful for identifying objects around the border between different clusters, as well as for understanding the relationship between different clusters. A prototype interface is implemented, of which the effectiveness is investigated with a user experiment on a news articles dataset. As another kind of text data, a case study of applying it to a word embedding space is also shown.

The Design and Evaluation of A New Smartwatch User Interface

<p class="0abstract">This paper discusses and presents a new prototype design for a smartwatch user interface. The user interface was designed aiming to adhere to some of the main universal design principles and be a more usable design. The prototype user interface was then compared with a Samsung Gear S3 smartwatch user interface. The comparison was done via an experiment and a series of realistic tasks. The aspects being investigated were task times, errors and subjective user satisfaction. The data collected were statistically analysed. The overall results showed that the prototype user interface fostered faster task times, fewer errors and more user satisfaction.</p>

Image2emmet: Automatic code generation from web user interface image

AbstractWeb development usually follows with analyzing the functionality, designing the user interface (UI) prototype, implementing the UI by front‐end (FE) developers and implementing the REpresentational State Transfer (RESTful) application programming interface (API) by back‐end (BE) programmers. Unfortunately, web development is a tedious, cumbersome, and time‐consuming task, which makes it a challenge for the FE programmers to work in an efficient way. In this paper, we propose an approach, image2emmet, to assist FE programmers in implementing the UI. First, we collect HyperText Markup Language, Cascading Style Sheets (HTML‐CSS) dataset in an automatic and efficient way. The HTML‐CSS dataset used for model training consists of HTML‐CSS code and its display images. Second, the faster region‐based convolutional neural network (CNN) (R‐CNN) is utilized to detect the UI component. Finally, we build a model combining CNN and long short‐term memory (LSTM) to transform the UI component into the HTML‐CSS code. The empirical study demonstrates that image2emmet can achieve a precision of 80% on the UI component detection and 60% on the transformation of UI component into HTML‐CSS code.

EMBody: A Data-Centric Toolkit for EMG-Based Interface Prototyping and Experimentation

Body movements, from a short smile to a marathon run, are driven by muscle activity. Despite the fact that measuring muscle activity with electromyography (EMG) is technically well established, it is highly complex and its use in interfaces has been limited. Easy access to muscle sensing can offer new opportunities to Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) research. Off-the-shelf sensors often only provide low-level access, hence requiring expertise in signal processing and widening the gulf of execution for users without engineering skills. To address this challenge, we introduce EMBody, a data-centric toolkit for EMG-based interface prototyping and experimentation. EMBody offers multiple levels of prototyping fidelity for EMG sensing, signal processing, and data interpretation. Our data-centric toolkit encapsulates the different data representation stages, offering a wide range of customization opportunities to experts while also allowing non-technical designers to focus on creating new interaction techniques. EMBody features a lightweight form factor and wireless connectivity. Additionally, the system leverages an exploration-centered workflow by allowing rapid access to measurement data via the accompanying software. Users define a set of motions to be recognized and interactively provide example data points. The toolkit then handles signal processing and classification. The recognized movements are streamed on the local network, ready to be used by interactive applications. This paper reports on how to use EMBody and its implementation. We iteratively developed the toolkit in a series of workshops and example applications. Users who had none or very limited knowledge of EMG could rapidly create engaging functional prototypes, while experts appreciated the modularity of the software component allowing for a high degree of customization. We contribute the software and hardware components of EMBody as a tool for the research community to stimulate creative exploration of EMG systems.

Designing Shift Handoff Software: Clinical Learners and Design Students Collaborate Using the "Design Thinking" Process.

Handoffs in patient care responsibilities between practitioners are common in the hospital setting. Because inadequate communication can lead to patient harm, professional organizations have published recommendations and practical guides to support standardized workflow. However, currently available electronic medical record (EMR) tools rarely provide the requisite functionality to support work and often suffer from major usability flaws. Our internal medicine residency program sponsored a quality improvement initiative to improve the design of handoff tools. To support this initiative, our medical informatics program collaborated with a school of architecture and design to identify requirements and ideate interface prototypes. In this article, we describe how we used Design Thinking principles and methods to inform our product design lifecycle, create novel designs, and teach inter-professional students health systems science concepts.

Enhancing Sustained Attention

Arguably, automation is fast transforming many enterprise business processes, transforming operational jobs into monitoring tasks. Consequently, the ability to sustain attention during extended periods of monitoring is becoming a critical skill. This manuscript presents a Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) prototype which seeks to combat decrements in sustained attention during monitoring tasks within an enterprise system. A brain-computer interface is a system which uses physiological signals output by the user as an input. The goal is to better understand human responses while performing tasks involving decision and monitoring cycles, finding ways to improve performance and decrease on-task error. Decision readiness and the ability to synthesize complex and abundant information in a brief period during critical events has never been more important. Closed-loop control and motivational control theory were synthesized to provide the basis from which a framework for a prototype was developed to demonstrate the feasibility and value of a BCI in critical enterprise activities. In this pilot study, the BCI was implemented and evaluated through laboratory experimentation using an ecologically valid task. The results show that the technological artifact allowed users to regulate sustained attention positively while performing the task. Levels of sustained attention were shown to be higher in the conditions assisted by the BCI. Furthermore, this increased cognitive response seems to be related to increased on-task action and a small reduction in on-task errors. The research concludes with a discussion of the future research directions and their application in the enterprise.

Meteorological Navigation by Integrating Metocean Forecast Data and Ship Performance Models into an ECDIS-like e-Navigation Prototype Interface

In the complex processes of route planning, voyage monitoring, and post-voyage analysis, a key element is the capability of merging metocean forecast data with the available knowledge of ship responses in the encountered environmental conditions. In this context, a prototype system has been implemented capable of integrating metocean models forecasts with ship specific performance data and models. The work is based on the exploitation of an open source ECDIS-like system originally developed in the e-Navigation framework. The resulting prototype system allows the uploading and visualization of metocean data, the consequent computation of fuel consumption along each analyzed route, and the evaluation of the encountered meteo-marine conditions on each route way point. This allows us to “effectively and deeply dig inside” the various layers of available metocean forecast data regarding atmospheric and marine conditions and evaluating their effects on ship performance indicators. The system could also be used to trigger route optimization algorithms and subsequently evaluate the results. All these functionalities are tailored in order to facilitate the “what-if” analysis in the route selection process performed by deck officers. Many of the added functionalities can be utilized also in a shore-based fleet monitoring and management center. A description is given of the modeling and visualization approaches that have been implemented. Their potentialities are illustrated through the discussion of some examples in Mediterranean navigation.

Low-Power Sensor Interface with a Switched Inductor Frequency Selective Envelope Detector

With the growing need to understand our surroundings and improved means of sensor manufacturing, the concept of Internet of Things (IoT) is becoming more interesting. To enable continuous monitoring and event detection by IoT, the development of low power sensors and interfaces is required. In this work we present a novel, switched inductor based acoustic sensor interface featuring a bandpass filter and envelope detector, perform a sensitivity, frequency selectivity, and power consumption analysis of the circuit, and present its design parameters and their qualitative influence on circuit characteristics. We develop a prototype and present experimental characterization of the interface and its operation with input signals up to 20 mV peak-to-peak, at low acoustic frequencies from 100 Hz to 1 kHz. The prototype achieves a sensitivity of approximately 2 mV/mV in the passband, a four times lower sensitivity in the stopband, and a power consumption of approximately 3.31 µW. We compare the prototype interface to an interface consisting of an active bandpass filter and a passive voltage doubler using a prerecorded speedboat signal.