Subject Of Interest Research Articles

Emergent use of ticagrelor during endovascular reperfusion in large arterial occlusions

ObjectiveGiven many emerging indications for endovascular interventions in ischemic strokes, a safe and effective adjuvant antiplatelet regimen for acute revascularization has become a subject of interest. Ticagrelor is a direct oral P2Y12 inhibitor that may achieve rapid platelet suppression than standard oral therapies. We report our experience of Ticagrelor use in revascularization of acute large arterial steno-occlusive disease, describing procedural post-procedure thrombotic events, major hemorrhages, and other clinical outcomes. MethodsThis was a single-center retrospective case series of large steno-occlusive disease requiring endovascular reperfusion with emergent adjuvant Ticagrelor, defined as 30 min of the procedure from skin puncture to closure of the arteriotomy. Major outcomes investigated were thromboembolism in the target artery, and symptomatic intracranial or extracranial major hemorrhages. Additional analyses were performed with respect to timing of the administration and use of rescue GPIIb/IIIa inhibitors if any. Results73 consecutive patients were identified, presenting with severe ischemic stroke (median NIHSS 16) of large artery origin. 67% required stent placement (45% cervical carotid, 22% intracranial artery), 9.5% angioplasty and 23% mechanical thrombectomy only. Two experienced symptomatic in-stent occlusion, and 7 experienced major hemorrhages (9.5%) including 3 fatal symptomatic intracranial hemorrhages (4.1%). Among 19 subjects (26%) who received pretreatment with Ticagrelor, there were fewer GPIIb/IIIa administration, angioplasty and stenting, without yielding benefit in functional outcome or mortality. GPIIb/IIIa was administered as rescue therapy in 45 subjects (62%), which was found associated with increased bleeding compared to patients receiving Ticagrelor only, in whom no bleeding complications were recorded (16% vs. 0%; p = 0.03). ConclusionWe report our findings on Ticagrelor as an adjuvant antiplatelet therapy in ischemic stroke of large arterial origin requiring emergent revascularization. Effectiveness, safety, need for additional rescue treatment, and comparison to other commonly used oral antiplatelets should be investigated in future prospective studies.

At the crossroads: generative AI and corporate risk management

Purpose This study aims to identify the risks to corporate reputation presented by deepfakes and how to manage them. Design/methodology/approach The approach involves a review of the current literature on deepfakes across different sectors to create a clear picture of the risks that deepfakes entail and how best to deal with them. Findings While deepfakes are still mostly easily detectable, their sophistication increases daily, and corporations need both technology and culture shifts to deal with this evolving threat. Originality/value While deepfakes have been the subject of intense interest, to the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first attempt to look at the problem from the perspective of corporate enterprise risk.

Honor Students Serve as Peer-Teachers to Implement the Introductory Psychology Initiative

Our department has developed a unique way to support APA’s Introductory Psychology Initiative (IPI) (Rudmann et al., 2022). Advanced students, all Psi Beta honor students, train and deliver supplemental instruction to introductory psychology students. Supplemental instruction includes lessons covering evidence-based study skills and applications of basic scientific concepts to topics of interest to students. The scientific concepts align with material presented in most introductory psychology courses (Becker-Blease et al., 2021; Stevens et al., 2016). Several forms of instructional delivery are used: In class presentations, live presentations via Zoom, or on-demand interactive web presentations using the PlayPosit platform. A comprehensive assessment plan gauges the supplemental instruction’s impact on student outcomes: Course SLOs, a pre- and post-presentation assessment battery, and longitudinal tracking of the academic progress of the introductory psychology students. In addition, our Psi Beta student presenters benefit from participating in a combined service and research project. Preliminary results indicate improved learning, but more comprehensive evaluation research is planned to overcome limitations of the current study.

Unveiling the Research Landscape and Emerging Trends in Cell Cycle for Cancer Immunotherapy: A Bibliometric Analysis (1990-2022).

BACKGROUND The direct and indirect roles of the cell cycle in immunology of the tumor microenvironment (TME) are topics of intense scientific interest. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the knowledge domain and hotspots related to the cell cycle for cancer immunology applications. MATERIAL AND METHODS The Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) was used as a powerful tool for identifying articles related to cell cycle for cancer immunology applications. Co-occurrence relationships were examined with R, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace software. Related research hotspots and possible future trends were also examined. RESULTS A total of 1844 qualified English-language documents were obtained in WoSCC between 1999 and 2022, with a 7.66% annual growth rate. These eligible studies were co-authored by 2246 institutions in 51 countries/regions, with the greatest article number being published in the United States (36%, 664/1844), followed by China (19%, 351/1844) and Germany (4.5%, 83/1844). The top 3 institutions with the most publications and the top 3 academic journals (n=390 in total) on this topic that published the most articles were identified. Key nodes from the co-cited network were aggregated and identified to reveal the shift in cell cycle for cancer immunology applications. Notably, the current research hotspots in this field include "tumor progression", "chemotherapy", "resistance", "clinical trial", and "target population". CONCLUSIONS This study revealed field profiles, research hotspots, and future directions of cell cycle dysregulation-related immunology, and the findings will offer a vigorous roadmap for further studies in the combination therapy of cell cycle inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors for treating various cancers. Our results can shed more light on relevant research in this field.

The Role of Chilean Trade Unions in Enhancing Employee Mental Well-Being: A Systematic Literature Review

This systematic literature review aimed to explore, identify and synthesise the relationship between trade unions and employees’ well-being. The academic databases Web of Sciences, PsychInfo, Scopus and SciELO were systematically searched from their inception until August 2022. The systematic review followed the, PRISMA-P protocol, and was registered in PROSPERO (ID= CRD42022374339). Eighteen articles were the results of the systematic search. Nevertheless, none of them met the inclusion criteria. An interesting twist occurred when the excluded articles were analyzed, given that it was possible to show the topics of interest in which scholars publish in this area.

Automation anxiety. Sztuczna inteligencja w dziennikarstwie w perspektywie infoetycznej

Personal demand for information and opinions seems to be constantly increasing in the age of digital media. Artificial intelligence (AI) is a new milestone for the constantly developing media. The influence of artificial intelligence on journalism is an interesting subject for research. Although, the main field of reflection should be focused on infoethics. Automation anxiety, means the fear of automation, accompanies journalists more and more frequently. For some, robotization of journalism is only a way to save money in the newsroom, and for others a catalyst for algorithm bias, contributes to the formation of an information bubble, causes a confirmation effect and fosters the generation of so-called deep fakes. Still other opinions indicate the positive side of the process, e.g. greater transparency of journalism and the discovery by AI of such connections between facts that would never have been discovered otherwise. So is there a space left in the media of the Web 3.0 era for a journalist’s personality, reflection, responsibility for the word and personalism? These problems are key at the beginning of the third decade of the 21st century.

Legg–Calvé–Perthes disease presenting with osteoarthritis: Mechanisms of the development and prospects of conservative therapy using bisphosphonates

BACKGROUND: Aseptic necrosis of the femoral head in children remains a subject of great interest among specialists, despite its long history of study. The LeggCalvPerthes disease is the most common form of aseptic necrosis of the femoral head in children. The necrotic lesion in the femoral head results from the blockage of the arterial blood supply to the epiphysis, leading to its infarction. Some children experience a more aggressive disease course, with signs of osteoarthritis, which can result in the early development of coxarthrosis. Numerous publications have demonstrated the successful use of bisphosphonates in adult patients with aseptic necrosis of the femoral head.
 AIM: To generalize data on the use of bisphosphonates in children with the LeggCalvPerthes disease presenting with signs of osteoarthritis through the analysis of contemporary global literature.
 MATERIALS AND METHODS: A literature search was conducted in the open databases of PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar, and the analysis depth spanned 20 years. The search terms used included LeggCalvPerthes disease, aseptic (avascular) necrosis of the femoral head, and bisphosphonates. The review encompassed the literature on bisphosphonates, their biological action, effectiveness of their use in patients with aseptic necrosis of the femoral head, and results of our research.
 RESULTS: Studies on the efficacy of bisphosphonates in children with LeggCalvPerthes disease are limited. Currently, the effect of bisphosphonates on disease course and outcome is unknown. Despite this, mechanisms of chronic inflammation are increasingly mentioned in the literature, which may directly or indirectly influence the clinical course and outcome of the disease. The key is the hyperactivity of osteoclasts in osteonecrosis. The experience of using bisphosphonates in adult patients with aseptic necrosis of the femoral head had positive results in preventing the progression of the deformity of femoral head deformity.
 CONCLUSIONS: Bisphosphonates are specific inhibitors of osteoclast activity, which has been used in many diseases. The results and inferences of using bisphosphonates in children with LeggCalvPerthes disease will lead to the formulation of a new treatment algorithm.

Nonlocal Static and Dynamical Vacuum Field Correlations and Casimir-Polder Interactions.

In this review, we investigate several aspects and features of spatial field correlations for the massless scalar field and the electromagnetic field, both in stationary and nonstationary conditions, and show how they manifest in two- and many-body static and dynamic dispersion interactions (van der Waals and Casimir-Polder). We initially analyze the spatial field correlations for noninteracting fields, stressing their nonlocal behavior, and their relation to two-body dispersion interactions. We then consider how field correlations are modified by the presence of a field source, such as an atom or in general a polarizable body, firstly in a stationary condition and then in a dynamical condition, starting from a nonstationary state. We first evaluate the spatial field correlation for the electric field in the stationary case, in the presence of a ground-state or excited-state atom, and then we consider its time evolution in the case of an initially nonstationary state. We discuss in detail their nonlocal features, in both stationary and nonstationary conditions. We then explicitly show how the nonlocality of field correlations can manifest itself in van der Waals and Casimir-Polder interactions between atoms, both in static and dynamic situations. We discuss how this can allow us to indirectly probe the existence and the properties of nonlocal vacuum field correlations of the electromagnetic field, a research subject of strong actual interest, also in consequence of recent measurements of spatial field correlations exploiting electro-optical sampling techniques. The subtle and intriguing relation between nonlocality and causality is also discussed.

PENERAPAN PRINSIP ANDRAGOGI DALAM BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING BELAJAR

The application of andragogy principles in learning guidance and counseling is an interesting research subject in order to increase the effectiveness of the learning process for adult counselees. This study aims to explore and analyze the application of Andragogy principles in the context of tutoring and counseling, as well as to identify the benefits resulting from this application. The research method used is a literature review. The results of the study show that the application of andragogy principles in study guidance and counseling provides a number of benefits for adult counselees. This study provides insights for counselors in designing and implementing effective and relevant interventions for adult counselees. By utilizing the principles of andragogy, counselors can create a learning environment that supports, motivates, and empowers adult counselees to achieve their learning goals

Articulating Interesting Subject Positions for People with Dementia: On Hanging Out in Dutch Nursing Homes

ABSTRACT In this article, drawing on ethnographic research on everyday life and care for people with dementia in Dutch residential care, I argue that researchers who work with people with dementia can contribute to the enactment of “interesting subject positions,” thereby enriching the ways in which life with the condition is understood. The crux, I propose, is to use “hanging out” as a method and to ask “interesting questions,” an approach that enables participants to let researchers know what matters to them. Researchers, in turn, are enabled to “say more” about dementia, and to bring to light interesting subject positions.

Dual optofluidic distributed feedback dye lasers for multiplexed biosensing applications

Integrated optofluidic devices have become subjects of high interest for rapid biosensor devices due to their unique ability to combine the fluidic processing of small volumes of microfluidics with the analysis capabilities of photonic structures. By integrating dynamically reconfigurable optofluidic lasers on-chip, complex coupling can be eliminated while further increasing the capabilities of sensors to detect an increasing number of target biomarkers. Here, we report a polydimethylsiloxane-based device with two on-chip fluidic distributed feedback (DFB) laser cavities that are integrated with an orthogonal analyte channel for multiplexed fluorescence excitation. One DFB grating is filled with 4-(dicyanomethylene)-2-methyl-6-(4-dimethylaminostyryl)-4H-pyran dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide. The second grating is filled with rhodamine 6G dissolved in a diluted ethylene glycol solution. We present characterization of both lasers through analysis of the lasing spectra for spectral narrowing along with a power series to observe threshold behavior. We then demonstrate simultaneous detection of two different fluorescent microbeads as a proof of concept for scalable, single biomarker analysis using on-chip optofluidic lasers.

A MapReduce-based approach to social network big data mining

The rapid development of social networks has facilitated the convenience of users to receive information. As a network communication platform for people’s daily use, microblog has countless information data. In view of the low efficiency and poor clustering effect of K-means algorithm, a parallel K-means clustering algorithm based on MapReduce model is studied; In order to alleviate the difficulty in calculating the similarity of microblog topic text, the space vector model and semantic similarity are used to calculate the similarity between texts to improve the quality of microblog text classification. The data expansion rate of corresponding nodes under different data sets shows that the average expansion rate of the parallel K-means algorithm reaches 0.89, and the running rate is the highest. The results show that the parallel K-means algorithm has good clustering stability and the highest clustering quality, reaching 1.24; The clustering time of the algorithm is the shortest, the average clustering time is 1.27 minutes, and the clustering effect and efficiency of the algorithm are the best. In the quality analysis of Weibo topic recommendation, the accuracy of P-K-means recommendation is 95.64%, user satisfaction is 98.64%, and the recommendation effect is also the best. It shows that the research on the parallel K-means clustering algorithm based on MapReduce has the best performance in microblogging topic mining and recommendation, which can efficiently recommend topics of interest to users and enhance users’ microblogging experience.

Knowledge structure and emerging trends of cognitive impairment induced by sleep deprivation: A bibliometric analysis based on CiteSpace and VOSviewer from 2000 to 2022.

This paper implements a bibliometric approach to investigate the research hotspots and future research directions in the relevant field literature. It also offers research ideas and methods for preventing and treating cognitive impairment induced by sleep deprivation in the clinical setting. The evolution of various clusters in the field is summarized through Citespace's projection function for keywords in the literature. CiteSpace and Vosviewer are utilized to analyze and visualize the attributes of the articles, including number of publications, citation frequency, country/region, institution, journal, authors, keywords, and references, from the 2280 publications obtained. A total of 2280 publications were collected, with the number of papers and citations in the field continuously increasing year by year. The most influential country in this field is the United States, and the University of Washington is the most influential institution. The most authoritative journal in the field is identified as SLEEP. Sleep deprivation, prefrontal cortex, and performance are the current topics of interest. The article with the strongest citation burst, lasting from 2015 to 2018, is "Sleep Drives Metabolite Clearance from the Adult Brain." The most influential article and co-cited reference, "Neurocognitive Consequences of Sleep Deprivation," highlights that sleep deprivation from various causes may lead to cognitive impairment. Future research should investigate all forms of cognitive impairment resulting from sleep deprivation. The findings of this study will assist researchers in improving their knowledge structure, identifying research hotspots, and revealing future directions in the field.

Fully‐Printed Bionic Tactile E‐Skin with Coupling Enhancement Effect to Recognize Object Assisted by Machine Learning

AbstractIn the pursuit of tactile sensation resembling human skin, the electronic skin (E‐skin) has long been a subject of interest and inspires the exploration of various biomimetic structures. Nevertheless, the exceptional functionality of living organisms arises from the synergistic interplay of multiple internal factors, i.e. the coupling enhancement effect, which has received limited attention in existing studies. Here, a tactile E‐skin featuring a multicoupled biomimetic structure that mimics three coupling elements found in the skin: Stratum spinosum, Meissner corpuscle, and Piezo2 protein, is proposed. By amalgamating their distinguishing characteristics, this bionic E‐skin surpasses the performance of conventional counterparts such as sensitivity as high as 388.5 kPa−1, hysteresis as low as 0.76%, and response times as short as 10 ms. Furthermore, its fabrication methodology of efficient 3D printing shows great advantages in terms of production cost and customization. Finally, the sensor is expanded to a 9 × 9 pixels array for a machine learning‐assisted intellisense system to recognize the fruits as a human does, achieving an accuracy of 91.4%. All of these prove the promising potential of this multicoupled biomimetic structure in wearable electronics, human–machine interface, soft robotics, and artificial sensing.

Affordances of construction toys

While affordances and play experiences are both topics of high interest in design research, there is a need to better understand the relationship between affordances and toys. The aim of this study is to shed light on how affordances of construction toys influence the play experiences of children, comparing play situations enabled by two different construction sets in a series of play sessions with children aged 5 and 6. The play sessions were recorded and analysed to identify perceived affordances. The study shows that both functional and narrative affordances are important for initiating and maintaining the play experience, and exposes a possible division of narrative affordances in relation to a construction set in instant and latent affordances. A focus on these affordances has potentials for aiding designers to create construction toys that better support children in initiating and maintaining play, and may even offer new perspectives in other design domains.

Psychometric properties of the Hogg Eco-Anxiety Scale (HEAS-13) and the prediction of pro-environmental behavior

ObjectivesEco-anxiety, a novel conceptualization of anxiety in relation to ecological problems, has become a significant subject of interest in psychology. The Hogg Eco-Anxiety Scale (HEAS-13) is a recently developed, valid, and reliable measure of eco-anxiety. The present study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the HEAS-13 in Turkish-speaking samples. Methods605 individuals, recruited via social media and the internet, participated in the study. The sample was randomly split in half (first sample, 69.00% and second sample, 70.90% females), and exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted on separate samples. The concurrent and incremental validities were evaluated in the total sample. The three-week test-retest reliability of the HEAS-13 was assessed in a third separate sample (83.13% females). ResultsExploratory and confirmatory factor analyses found and validated a four-factor structure with 13 items. The associations of HEAS-13 with concurrent measures indicated that the scale had good concurrent validity. The anxiety and behavioral symptoms subscales of the HEAS-13 explained the additional variance (6.60%) in pro-environmental behavior beyond activist identity and commitment. Finally, the HEAS-13 and its subscales had good internal consistency coefficients, ranging from 0.82 to 0.93. and mediocre three-week intra-class correlations, ranging from 0.47 to 0.56. ConclusionThe Turkish HEAS-13 was a valid and reliable measure of eco-anxiety that can be used to assess anxiety about ecological problems. Moreover, optimizing levels of anxiety symptoms, alleviating behavioral symptoms, and enhancing individuals' activist identity and commitment may be targets for interventions aiming to increase pro-environmental behaviors.

THU019 Osilodrostat As An Emergency Alternative For Hypercortisolism In A Patient With An Impaired Liver Function

Abstract Disclosure: M. Minasyan: None. A. Bogusławska: None. A. Gamrat: None. A. Hubalewska-Dydejczyk: None. A. Gilis-Januszewska: None. Osilodrostat as an emergency alternative for hypercortisolism in a patient with an impaired liver function. A case presents a 34 year old woman with an active Cushing Disease, who underwent non-radical surgery of invasive pituitary adenoma in 2014 and CyberKnife radiotherapy in 2018. Patient demonstrates many complications of long lasting hypercortisolemia- poorly controlled diabetes mellitus, heart failure, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, mental disturbances and severe hepatic impairment. Challenges in this case are aggravated by very difficult compliance. Due to elevated liver function tests, the patient couldn’t have started ketoconazole and relacorilant treatment. Because of non-controlled DM, pasireotide treatment was contraindicated in her case. She didn’t agree either for metyrapone treatment or for adrenalectomy. Finally osilodrostat has been implemented as the last-chance alternative given at the time of severe hepatic impairment. At the dose of 2x2mg we observe clinical improvement, normalisation of UFC, decrease of Hba1c and spectacular improvement of liver function. However the current data on use of osilodrostat in patients with hepatic impairment are limited, our case shows that osilodrostat can be an emergency alternative for severe hypercortisolism with impaired liver function. The mechanism of improvement of liver function may be indirect through decreasing the level of hypercortisolemia, however potential direct beneficial influence of osilodrostat on liver function seems to be an interesting subject worth further investigation. More studies on the link between hypercortisolemia, liver function and steroidogenesis inhibitors are needed. Presentation: Thursday, June 15, 2023

Analysis of the environmental impact of a heat pump based on the elastocaloric effect

Solid-state refrigeration can constitute a breakthrough point since based on solid-state refrigerants that do not have any direct greenhouse effect (GWP = 0). The refrigeration systems based on caloric effect can be categorized as: magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric or barocaloric. The theme of interest for the investigation introduced in this paper is elastoCaloric Effect (eCE).In this paper the environmental impact in terms of Total Equivalent Warming Impact (TEWI) of an elastocaloric rotary device ensuring continuous fluxes of cold/hot air for the air conditioning applications is evaluated. The final aim is the construction of an experimental device based on eCE working as a heat pump that operates at peak performance and that would be eco-friendly. Indeed, a rotary two-dimensional model based on finite element method was developed to couple with the device during its realization. The device has been virtually tested while mounting various elastocaloric effect materials to examine and select the ones resulting most suitable both from energetical and environmental points of view. The evaluation of the environmental impact has been perpetuated through a TEWI analysis comparing the indexes of the elastocaloric prototype operating with different elastocaloric materials (Ni50.8Ti49.2, Ni55.9Ti44.1, Ni45Ti47.2Cu5V2.75, (Ni50Mn31.5Ti18.5)99.8B0.2 and PbTiO3) and a vapor compression heat pump (A++/A+) working with HFC32. The analysis was perpetuated for both the functioning modes: cooling and heating modes. The most remarkable data on the analysis is that only Ni55.92Ti44.08 and (Ni50Mn31.5Ti18.5)99.8B0.2 provide a significant reduction of the environmental impact (−50/−60 %) appropriately selecting the operative conditions (air velocity ranging from 9 to 12 ms−1 and cycle frequency 0.4 ÷ 0.5 Hz).

Non-Saccharomyces Yeasts from Organic Vineyards as Spontaneous Fermentation Agents.

Currently, non-Saccharomyces yeasts are the subject of interest, among other things, for their contribution to the aromatic complexity of wines. In this study, the characterisation of non-Saccharomyces yeasts was addressed by their isolation during spontaneous fermentations of organic Verdejo grapes, obtaining a total of 484 isolates, of which 11% were identified by molecular techniques as non-Saccharomyces yeasts. Fermentative isolates belonging to the species Hanseniaspora meyeri, Hanseniaspora osmophila, Pichia guilliermondii, Pichia kudriavzevii, Torulaspora delbrueckii, and Wickerhamomyces anomalus were analysed. Significant differences were found in the yeast populations established at the different fermentation stages. Interestingly, W. anomalus stood up as a widely distributed species in vineyards, vintages, and fermentation stages. Several of the strains studied stood out for their biotechnological potential in the production of Verdejo wine, showing the presence of relevant enzymatic activity for the release of varietal aromas and the technological improvement of the winemaking process. Three enzymatic activities were found in an important number of isolates, β-glucosidase, protease, and β-lyase, implicated in the positive aromatic impact on this style of white wine. In that sense, all the isolates of W. anomalus presented those activities. T. delbrueckii isolates were highlighted for their significant β-lyase activity. In addition, T. delbrueckii was outlined because of its potential to achieve an elevated fermenting power, as well as the lack of lag phase. The results obtained highlight the importance of maintaining the microbial diversity that contributes to the production of wines with unique and distinctive characteristics of the production region.

Students Experience Using Learning Factory at the Faculty of Industrial Management

One of the issues faced by the industry internationally is a lack of skilled workers to meet growing industrial demands. To satisfy the demanding requirements of the manufacturing industry in such a scenario, both the educational content and didactical methodologies need to be enhanced. However, the university and other higher education institutions do not currently use training and teaching strategies that prepare students for employment in the industrial sector. The learning factory concept can be introduced to the institution to resolve this problem. The learning factory technique mixes business activities with the educational process. This study evaluates the student’s perception in using the learning factory concepts at the Universiti Malaysia Pahang, a Malaysian public university located in Pahang, Malaysia. A qualitative research method was employed, and data was collected by interviewing six undergraduate students who had used the learning factory for their lean manufacturing subject. The interview took place at the end of the semester using a structured, open-ended interviewing questions technique. According to the study, the learning factory has four primary advantages which are increase students' interest in TVET topics, boost their level of soft skills, increase their comprehension, and offer tools to help them retain knowledge. The findings of this study can be used to provide new suggestions for lecturers, instructors, or higher education institution administration on how to make teaching students simpler and more engaging using learning factory concept. Future research should study the relationship between learning factory infrastructure, instructional approaches, with student performance.