Interesting Social Phenomenon Research Articles

Restructuring Nepalese Societies Through Residential Relocation and it's Social Effects

This paper focuses to voluntary relocation of residents of Nepalese society and its effects on social relationship which unfolds the restructuring and transforming old residential structure of Nepalese society. Some scholars attribute the individual factors to the residential relocation and exemplify the life-cycle changes of household heads or household composition such as the age, employment or marital status of the household head and the number of children (Rossi, 1955, p. 24). They believe that the increase of marriage rate and fertility rate are determinative conditions for the residential relocation and rapid expansion of suburban areas. Besides these arguments, many scholars have embraced various facets of social change with residential relocation and find that most residents move to significantly higher income and less racially segregated suburban neighbourhoods with access to better infrastructure, services, and amenities (Deluca et al., 2005; Diewald and Mayer, 2009). Suburban growth is propelled by transportation and technology development such as mass-produced automobiles and highways. It is interesting social phenomenon in Nepal that the residents on hilly side and remote areas are relocating slightly downward and near to market areas. This paper follows field work on Lele valley, Lalitpur district which is emerging suburban area. It finds that people prefer to relocate their residents near to market and transport facilities creating a new social relationship. . It is found that they relocate their residents because of income sent from their family members who are in foreign employment or they sell their land. They introduce a new type of nexus and relationship with new neighbors who are not among their kinship and start bounding in every occasion.

Non-conservative diffusion and its application to social network analysis

Abstract Is the random walk appropriate for modelling and analysing social processes? We argue that many interesting social phenomena, including epidemics and information diffusion, cannot be modelled as a random walk, but instead must be modelled as broadcast-based or non-conservative diffusion. To produce meaningful results, social network analysis algorithms have to take into account differences between these diffusion processes. We formulate conservative (random walk-based) and non-conservative (broadcast-based) diffusion mathematically and show how these are related to well-known metrics: PageRank and Alpha-Centrality, respectively. This formulation allows us to unify two distinct areas of network analysis–centrality and epidemic models–and leads to insights into the relationship between diffusion and network structure, specifically, the existence of an epidemic threshold in non-conservative diffusion. We demonstrate, by ranking nodes in an online social network used for broadcasting news, that non-conservative Alpha-Centrality leads to a better agreement with empirical ranking schemes than conservative PageRank. In addition, we give a scalable approximate algorithm for computing the Alpha-Centrality in a massive graph. We hope that our investigation will inspire further exploration of the applications of non-conservative diffusion in social network analysis.

Memahami Fenomena Konten Sedekah dalam Perspektif Matius 6:1-4

Almsgiving content on various social media platforms is an interesting social phenomenon to study, especially based on the perspective of Matthew 6:1-4. As a text that is influenced by the background of religious and cultural communities, Matthew has a unique way of maintaining the continuity of the ideals of his community. An interpretation model that utilizes the help of social sciences will be beneficial in understanding the ideals of the community that influenced Matthew. From the results of applying the social science way of thinking to the text of Mat 6:1-4, two important things must be understood. First, the teaching of almsgiving is a religious obligation. Second, the teachings on almsgiving aim to create “an egalitarian society” and avoid damaging the recipient's reputation socially, culturally, or religiously. Almsgiving content featuring fictitious and animated characters and storylines is offered as an alternative to responding to this phenomenon.

How Mitochondrial DNA Can Write Pre-History: Kinship and Culture in Duero Basin (Spain) during Chalcolithic and Bronze Age

The chronological period from the beginning of the Chalcolithic Age to the end of the Bronze Age on the Iberian northern sub-plateau of the Iberic Peninsula involves interesting social and cultural phenomena, such as the appearance of the Bell Beaker and, later, the Cogotas I cultures. This work constructs a genetic characterisation of the maternal lineages of the human population that lived on the northern sub-plateau between 5000 and 3000 years ago through an analysis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), a kind of genetic marker that is inherited through maternal lineages, unaltered from generation to generation. Population and cultural questions are investigated through mtDNA analyses. This study intends to shed light on the following questions. Were individuals who were buried together in multiple or collective burials biologically related through their maternal lineages? Were there distinct maternal human lineages in the same or different geographical areas if different material cultures (Bell Beaker and Cogotas I) were associated with the arrival of new human populations who established close biological relationships with the endogenous populations? Or could this be the result of the transmission of knowledge without human populations mixing? Another important question is whether the material cultures were related to the female populations. We analysed 91 individuals from 28 different archaeological sites of the Iberian northern sub-plateau from four different chrono-cultural periods (Pre-Bell Beaker, Bell Beaker, Proto-Cogotas I, and Cogotas I), from the end of the Chalcolithic Age up to the Bronze Age. There were two historical moments of new populations arriving: the first during the Pre-Bell Beaker period, associated with the K mtDNA haplogroup, and the second during the Proto-Cogotas I culture, with new lineages of the H, HVO, and T haplogroups. Neither of these new population flows were directly associated with the maximum development of the two main material cultures Bell Beaker and Cogotas I, so they must have occurred immediately beforehand, during the Pre-Bell Beaker and Proto-Cogotas I periods, respectively. However, we cannot discard an association between the populations and material cultures. Curiously, it has also been observed that there was also a tendency towards multiple burials, in which the individuals who were buried together belonged to the same maternal lineage, during these two periods of population change. This study has shed some light on the populational changes that occurred through these different periods in this specific geographical area of the northern sub-plateau of the Iberian Peninsula.

КАК ВОСПРИНИМАЮТСЯ ПОНЯТИЯ «ГЕНДЕР» И «ГЕНДЕРНОЕ РАВЕНСТВО» НАСЕЛЕНИЕМ КЫРГЫЗСТАНА?

Currently, while civil society and state institutions of Kyrgyzstan undertake social initiatives on gender equality promotion and gender discrimination elimination, an interesting social phenomenon is observed – a part of society does not take it seriously and does not apply gender equality principles in practice and in everyday life. Moreover, sometimes, on the contrary, the local population negatively responds to this issue. This is due to several factors that have not appeared recently, but have been consolidated over the years. This article highlights these factors according to the empirical observations of the authors and their conclusions that could be applied by civil sector and governmental programs to improve effectiveness of future social initiatives and projects for elimination of gender discrimination.

Matchmaking in Pesantren: The Role of Wali Mujbir in Matchmaking with Maqasid Sharia Perspectives

Wali mujbir is a guardian who has the right to marry off his daughter with or without the permission of the person concerned with certain conditions. He is someone who has an upward patrilineal line with the woman who will marry, which in this case is the father. In Islam, the right of wali mujbir is usually called the right of ijbar, this right is absolute, but as time goes by, now the privilege of ijbar has another interpretation. Although the father has the right to force him, he does not forget to allow his daughter to have an opinion. This kind of marriage is often referred to as matchmaking. It is considered an interesting social phenomenon in society. Pesantren, as sacred institutions, are often the mecca in matchmaking processions because, in pesantren, families prioritize lineage in finding a partner. It is an important benchmark for dzurriyah or the descendants of the Kiai. In addition to maintaining lineage, matchmaking in pesantren also aims to preserve religion and soul. This article examines the role of wali mujbir at the APTQ Bungah Gresik pesantren in carrying out matchmaking so that the goals of sharia are achieved, which in this case are hifdz ad-din, hifdz an-nafs, and hifdz an-nasl.

Problematika Sosial dan Keagamaan Dalam Keluarga Beda Agama Di desa Sendangmulyo Kabupaten Kulon Progo Yogyakarta

Different religious marriages are an interesting social phenomenon to study. This study purposed to explain the social and religious problems in the family of different religions. It used a qualitative research approach. Data collection techniques used observation, interviews, and documentation. The findings revealed that basically, a good marriage to create harmony, happiness, and prosperity in the family is a marriage between two people who have the same aqidah. Conversely, marriage between two different beliefs or different religious marriages strongly triggers conflicts such as less harmonious, happiness, and prosperous. In different religious families, there are social problems and religious problems. Social problems that arise include an unfavorable interaction between husband, wife, children, relatives of husband, and relatives of wife. While religious problems occur in the implementation of ritual worship from the side of husband, wife, and children as well as the selection of religious children, child religious development, and application of inheritance rights.

Interpretasi Keterlibatan Anggota Keluarga dalam Kelompok Keagamaan

Family reactions and assessments of all family members towards family members belonging to specific religious groups still occur. This interpretation can trigger disharmony in the family and is an interesting social phenomenon to research. This research uses a qualitative research method. This research assumes that empirical realities occur in a socio-cultural context that is interrelated with one another. This research aims to describe family reactions, family social relationships, and family assessments on their family members’ involvement in specific religious groups. The informants were selected using a purposive sampling technique by taking three people from each religious group (Jamaah Tabligh, Wahdah Islamiyah, and Lembaga Dakwah Islam Indonesia known as LDII). Data were collected using in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. The data analysis used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The results showed that family social relations on family members’ involvement in certain religious groups tended to get the same reaction based on their interpretation. Contravention interpretation from dominant family on family members belonging to specific religious groups still occurs compared with accommodative relationships. Meanwhile, family assessments on their family members’ involvement in certain religious groups are generally negative.

Emigration of Jews from Odessa to Argentina in the Late 19th - Early 20th century

The article deals with the history of emigration of Jews from the south of Ukraine to Argentina in the late 19th - early 20th century and the role of Odessa in the organizational, economic and educational support of the resettlement process. An analysis of the transformation of the idea of ​​the Argentine project from the beginning of compact settlements to the possibility of creating a Jewish state in Patagonia is given. There are provided such aspects as reasons, preconditions and motives of emigration, its stages and results, the exceptional contribution of the businessman and philanthropist Maurice de Hirsch to the foundation of Jewish settlements in Argentina. There are reflected a legislative aspect, in particular, the first attempt of Russian government to regulate migration abroad with the Regulations for activity in Russia of the Jewish Colonization Association founded in Great Britain; various forms and directions of the work of Odessa JCA committee; the activities of the Argentine Vice-Consulate (1906-1909) and the Consul General of Argentina in Odessa (1909-1917). There are also presented some valuable archival genealogical documents from the State Archives of the Odessa Region, namely the lists of immigrants on the steamer "Bosfor" in April 30, 1894. The article highlights the conditions in which the emigrants started their activities in Argentina in 1888, establishment of the first Jewish colony of Moisesville, the difficulties in economic arrangement and social adaptation, and the process of settlement development from the first unsuccessful attempts to cultivate virgin lands to the numerous farms and ranches with effective economic activities. An interesting social phenomenon of interethnic diffusion of indigenous and jewish cultures and the formation of a unique "Gaucho Jews" group of population is covered. It is provided information on the current state of Jewish settlements in Argentina and fixing their history in literature, music, cinema, documentary. It is emphasized that using historical research and direct contacts with the descendants of emigrants to Argentina could be very useful and actual for increasing the efficiency and development of Ukrainian-Argentine economic and cultural ties

Public-educational organizations of Wolina the 20's - 30's of the XX century

The article, on the example of Volyn, analyzes the activities of public organizations in the Ukrainian ethnic lands that became part of Poland and the Soviet Union after the signing of the Riga peace treaty. These lands were the reflection of the most tragic pages in the history of Ukraine. More than once, they have played an extraordinary role in the history of the entire Ukrainian people, which has been reflected in his fate. The defeat of national liberation competitions in 1917 - 1921 and the tragic consequences of these events for the Ukrainian statehood turned Volyn into a specific socio-political and geopolitical region. The events in these territories, as well as the policies of the governments of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic and the USSR and the Second Commonwealth, were decisive for the Ukrainian population living on ethnic Ukrainian lands and those who found themselves in other countries.
 Our research suggests that the socio-economic processes in Volyn during the interwar period were an interesting social phenomenon when Ukrainians were immigrants in their ethnic lands among Ukrainians. The line of the Soviet-Polish border, which was the frontier of the opposition, attracted the most active participants in the national liberation struggle, who continued it under new conditions of statelessness, political and ideological pressure, persecution and repression by the smelling regimes. Work and activity in the interwar period of prominent political figures of the UNR era, religious, cultural and educational figures in the territory of Western Volyn, was of great importance not only for the population of the region, but also for the Ukrainian people.In the Volyn lands, the Orthodox Church had a huge influence on the people, Christian morality in the interwar period acted as the dominant ideology. No political party or NGO has had such an impact on the masses as the church. Understanding this, the Ukrainian clergy not only defended the Orthodox faith on both sides of the borders that divided Volhynia, but also nurtured national consciousness, language, and culture.

COVID-19 and Psychosocial Issues: Israeli/Middle East Perspective

The number of confirmed cases and fatalities in the Middle East countries has been relatively low in comparison to some countries in Europe and the United States, in spite of the economic, political, cultural, and medical differences. One explanation may be the closed borders and lack of migration in the Middle East, with the exception of Iran, largely to its close economic ties with China and mismanagement. The distribution of the infected cases in Israel reveals two distinct populations with disproportionately high infection rate: the elderly people leaving in nursery homes (like in the rest of the world) and ultra-orthodox Jews. Ultra-orthodox Jews comprise about 12% of Israel's population, but they accounted for more than one-third of the confirmed cases of COVID-19 and as much as 60%–70% of Israel's COVID-19 cases in major hospitals. Ultra-orthodox communities initially resisted physical-distancing measures regarding the closure of synagogues, religious schools, and prayer services, due to their shared belief that practicing the religious services and rituals as usual will protect them from harm. This seemed to be helpful in alleviating feelings of stress and anxiety from the pandemic on one hand but placed people in harm on the second hand. Thus, social factors such as sense of belonging, social support and religious beliefs, known to increase resilience, and coping with adversity in uncontrolled disasters turned to have a harmful effect on coping with the COVID-19 pandemic, a disaster that its consequences can be partially controlled. This is an interesting social phenomenon worth further study.

A Kuramoto model of self-other integration across interpersonal synchronization strategies.

Human social behaviour is complex, and the biological and neural mechanisms underpinning it remain debated. A particularly interesting social phenomenon is our ability and tendency to fall into synchronization with other humans. Our ability to coordinate actions and goals relies on the ability to distinguish between and integrate self and other, which when impaired can lead to devastating consequences. Interpersonal synchronization has been a widely used framework for studying action coordination and self-other integration, showing that even in simple interactions, such as joint finger tapping, complex interpersonal dynamics emerge. Here we propose a computational model of self-other integration via within- and between-person action-perception links, implemented as a simple Kuramoto model with four oscillators. The model abstracts each member of a dyad as a unit consisting of two connected oscillators, representing intrinsic processes of perception and action. By fitting this model to data from two separate experiments we show that interpersonal synchronization strategies rely on the relationship between within- and between-unit coupling. Specifically, mutual adaptation exhibits a higher between-unit coupling than within-unit coupling; leading-following requires that the follower unit has a low within-unit coupling; and leading-leading occurs when two units jointly exhibit a low between-unit coupling. These findings are consistent with the theory of interpersonal synchronization emerging through self-other integration mediated by processes of action-perception coupling. Hence, our results show that chaotic human behaviour occurring on a millisecond scale may be modelled using coupled oscillators.

The Individualist Power and Adaptive New Religious Movement: Scientology Individual as an Ethical Subject

New religion movements are one of the most interesting social phenomena in recent decades. As an alternative communal and individualist way of life, these movements offer a transcendental, non-secular way of life that challenges the values of liberal society while remaining within its legal and normative boundaries. In the course of this paper, and by using an analytical description of Foucault’s assumptions, I will examine the discursive and practical operation of the Scientology Church as a new religion movement that transcends the individual subject. I will describe the themes of Scientology as pastoral techniques, and its neo-liberal subjective constitution as a part of the conservative, normative mechanism of modern Western society, while arguing that they pose, at the same time, a potential ethical alternative that subverts the epistemological boundaries of Western liberal society.

Adaptasi Perantau Betawi: Pemertahanan, Bentuk, dan Perkembangannya

Adaptation of migrating Betawi people as the ethnic migrant in urban areas is an interesting social phenomena related to urbanism. This study aims to analyze the urbanism or the way of life of the Betawi people in Palembang city. This study used the social definition paradigm, an ethnography research method. The data were the Ethnic Betawi group in the Kebon Sirih and the Lorong Jambu areas.The data were obtained from the primary data and the secondary data. The primary data was obtained through participatory field observations, and in-depth interviews, meanwhile the secondary data was obtained from articles or journals. In analyzing the data, codes system and coding were used. Field observations were carried out in Kampung Betawi, Kebon Sirih and Talang Betawi Villages, Lorong Jambu. Interviews were conducted to participants, the Betawi people, used purposive sampling or based on certain characteristics. The results of the study indicated that the urbanism or a way of life of the people in Palembang was to adjust to the environment in terms of work to meet their daily needs. In addition, it adopted the Palembang wedding tradition when the Betawi people are married. The results showed that the people acculturate with the Palembang culture, specifically in wedding tradition.

Business conjuncturality on the topic of personal mobility using electric automobiles

Abstract The present article seek to continue last year’s research by improving upon the subjects of current business models pertaining to personal mobility by way of electric automobiles, the efficiency of said models and by eventually developing a propitious business model, tailored to specificities of this domain. While the proposed topic is circumscribed within the general preoccupation with the rehabilitation of the natural environment through a better use of renewable energy, our fascination stems from the fact that personal mobility with the use of electric vehicles is one of the most dynamic and interesting social, economic and cultural worldwide phenomenon of the last decade. This topic has been broached, under different titles, by a number of researchers. After a significant amount of research on the subject, we realised that the importance of some of the thematic problem’s determining factors has not been sufficiently emphasised neither in the theoretical findings of the most current research nor has it been sufficiently considered and practiced by the industry’s ”principal players” - the entrepreneurs and the managers. The satisfaction associated with this newly formed revelation as well as the confidence to further pursue this line of inquiry have been significantly marked by the realisation that the same concerns have already been touched upon by authors such as Christian Lerch, Fabian Kley, David Dallinger, Thomas Budde Christensen, Peter Wells, Liana Cipcigan. Any analysis of the subject matter is further complicated by the current economic turbulence. Therefore, this article aims to provide not only a nuanced understanding and a clear, exact and correct interpretation of some of the most important “factors/variables” involved but also reconsider the significance of said “factors/variables” within the context of the proposed research theme, so that based on the results of our research we might define a epistemologically useful yet practical concept. In any case, the present articles seeks to provoke further analysis and debate over the conjectural nature of innovative business models applicable to the electrical car mobility field.

Finding the way into a global industry

PurposeGatekeepers in social research are regularly taken for granted in the associated methods literature, yet they constitute an interesting social phenomenon in themselves as powerful and normally unpaid agents of research access. Questions relating to the recruitment of potential gatekeepers and to the nature of the rewards that they might seek are under-considered and locating key gatekeepers is often characterised (perhaps inadvertently) as a matter of luck or happenstance. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is a multi-sited ethnography based on maritime industry conferences held annually in Europe and Asia. The two authors attended 18 of these conferences either as regular delegate or as a speaker. In these conferences, they maintained fieldnotes and formally and informally interviewed participants both face to face and e-mail.FindingsEvery year executives come together at commercially organised conferences focussed upon human resource management in the shipping industry. At these events, major global players discuss a programme of issues related to the business of recruiting and training seafarers. However, these international conferences are both much more and much less than they seem. They are crucial in establishing reputational capital and provide researchers with key venues for negotiating research access.Originality/valueThis paper argues that unlike most conferences, these can only be seen as “field configuring events” to a very limited extent but that they nonetheless serve an important purpose in securing symbolic, and more significantly reputational, capital for both individual delegates and interested academics. The paper further argues that resourceful researchers can mobilise such capital in their favour in negotiating research access contributing new ideas to the literature on gatekeepers and on research access.

“National studies” in China and Japan

‘National studies’ (guoxue 国学) became a hot topic in China in the 1990s. Since then, national studies masters, national studies academies and national studies classes have mushroomed all over China. The craze for reading ancient classics has become an interesting social phenomenon. China’s economic growth has resulted in stronger cultural and political confidence. Beyond this, at least three different questions are pertinent for the discussion about national studies in China: Do national studies in China pre-suppose a nation-state? Is the scope of national studies in China limited to Confucianism? What kind of spirit or faith does national studies in China try to foster? These are questions that are not easy to answer, but to ignore them would raise even more questions. In order to facilitate a rational understanding of the discussion about national studies in China, this paper will focus on the origin of the notion of national studies in China and its relationship to similar studies, including national studies in Japan (kokugaku 国学). Analyzing their characteristics, this paper will also reflect on the kinds of problems national studies in China are likely to face.

Modeling of agent-based complex network under cyber-violence

Public opinion reversal arises frequently in modern society, due to the continual interactions between individuals and their surroundings. To explore the underlying mechanism of the interesting social phenomenon, we introduce here a new model which takes the relationship between the individual cognitive bias and their corresponding choice behavior into account. Experimental results show that the proposed model can provide an accurate description of the entire process of public opinion reversal under the internet environment and the distribution of cognitive bias plays the role of a measure for the reversal probability. In particular, the application to cyber violence, a typical example of public opinion reversal, suggests that public opinion is prone to be seriously affected by the spread of misleading and harmful information. Furthermore, our model is very robust and thus can be employed to other empirical studies that concern the sudden change of public and personal opinion on internet.

Reaching consensus on rumors

An important contribution in sociophysics is the Galam’s model of rumors spreading. This model provides an explanation of rumors spreading in a population and explains some interesting social phenomena such as the diffusion of hoaxes. In this paper the model has been reformulated as a Markov process highlighting the stochastic nature of the phenomena. This formalization allows us to derive conditions for consensus to be reached and for the existence of some interesting phenomena such as the emergence of impasses. The proposed formulation allows a deeper and more comprehensive analysis of the diffusion of rumors.

New forms of social and professional digital relationships: the case of Facebook

In recent years social media are becoming ubiquitous and important for social networking and for sharing content and knowledge; they are increasingly used for professional purposes beyond personal and home use. Social networks are spreading so much that they now represent one of the most relevant and interesting social phenomena. The study presented in this paper aims to analyse how Facebook is used by researchers, by means of a quantitative method, and the experiences and perceptions of changes and trends of professionals and researchers towards professional use, by means of a qualitative method. In particular, the study analysed: (i) how and why researchers of the National Research Council (CNR) in Italy in the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and Cultural Identity (IC) Departments use social networks, and more specifically Facebook (ii) their attitude towards risks and privacy concerns (iii) professional use and perceptions by CNR researchers and professionals of changes over time in using Facebook for professional purposes.