Interest In Research Activities Research Articles

Aptitude for Research Among Medical Students in India: Identifying the Challenges.

Introduction Understanding the reasons behind the undervaluation of research among undergraduate medical students in India is crucial for advancing medical knowledge. This cross-sectional study aims to investigate the knowledge, interest, and barriers faced by 606 Indian medical students through an online questionnaire distributed via social media platforms. Aims To identify the knowledge of research and the challenges faced by medical students to pursue research in their undergraduate education. Methods and material This was a prospective observational study carried out over a period of one month in October 2022. Study approval was taken from the Genebandhu Independent Ethics Committee (Reference Number- ECG004/2022). The responses obtained from the questionnaire were recorded in Google Sheets and transferred to Microsoft Excel (Redmond, WA, USA). Results Among the participants, 46.53% were male and 53.47% were female, primarily from the first (11.39%) and second (9.90%) years of their medical education. Notably, the majority had undertaken United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) (54.95%), followed by National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (Postgraduate) (NEET-PG) (34.65%) and Professional and Linguistic Assessments Board (PLAB) (7.92%). The study revealed that 78.22% considered research pivotal to their academic trajectory, with a mean age of 23.14 years (SD=2.82) and an average research knowledge score of 2.75 (SD=1.31). The type of postgraduate exam significantly influenced enthusiasm for research activities (p<0.001), with higher enthusiasm among those preparing for exams abroad. Nonetheless, the type of medical college did not significantly affect interest in research activities (p=0.4879). Conclusion Addressing the undervaluation of research among undergraduate medical students in India is imperative. The curriculum should integrate robust support mechanisms to nurture research skills, emphasizing its importance for future medical practitioners. This could involve seminars, courses, and interactive sessions aimed at fostering research acumen among students.

ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИЕ УСЛОВИЯ И МОТИВЫ ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ СТУДЕНТОВ

The article raises the problem of low interest of students in scientific work. The question of the influence of motivation levels of engineering students on their interest in research activities is considered. Attention is paid to the potential of junior courses' block of natural science disciplines as the first step in a series of measures to attract students to research. An anonymous survey of three-year students of a technical university was conducted to identify their motivations for vocational training. An analysis of the results of assessment of students of different courses by levels of manifestation of motives is presented, with elements of author's scaling of empirical data. In order to obtain and analyse qualitative data, the results of the focus group method are presented. The pedagogical principles of early development of research activity are defined: systematicity, interdisciplinarity, variability. A significant time and organisational resource for conducting optional research activities was identified. They are the hours in the working programmes of general education disciplines, allocated for independent work of students. Organisational and pedagogical conditions and approaches for early involvement of students in research activities are proposed. It is noted that the proposed measures have been successfully implemented in Tver State Technical University. The obtained results do not contradict similar studies of other authors.

PILOT PROJECT OF ASSESSING INTERNATIONAL TEACHERS’ RESEARCH COMPETENCIES

The article reveals the importance of research competencies among domestic and international teachers of different educational institutions. The purpose of the article is to assess the demand and significance of research skills among teachers for future application in their professional activities. The review of the issue in recent literature and the analysis of questionnaires were completed to reach this purpose. The article considers the State obligatory standard of higher education, which establishes the standards for knowledge, skills, and levels, and indicates the necessity of finding solutions in the realm of research activities. During the study, the authors analyzed teacher questionnaires from various levels of educational institutions and demonstrated the rankings of the given general and professional competencies. The authors conducted the survey with open-ended and closed-ended questions to determine the interest of teachers in research activities. Additionally, the study processed statistical data using SPSS Statistics software. The measurement of reliability as Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was utilized, which indicated the consistency of the questionnaire items and the appropriateness of responses. The answers of Kazakhstani and foreign teachers were compared and contrasted by the researchers. According to survey results of teachers from seventeen different countries, teachers engage in scientific research activities during the teaching process that change the way teachers perform their duties. They showed 100% interest in research activities, and 70.6% of the teachers were adamant that university influences education students’ decisions to pursue careers as researchers.

Signals of change in the Campania region rainfall regime: An analysis of extreme precipitation indices (2002–2021)

AbstractIt is widely known that precipitation is a key variable of the hydrological cycle that is strongly affected by recent climate changes. Therefore, there is a growing interest in research activities focused on alteration of rainfall regime, as it conditions the planning of countermeasures against flood and landslide hazards. The available literature about precipitation tendencies over Italian peninsula offers a limited number of studies about recent changes of extreme events and precipitation intensity. This work aims at adding a contribution to fill this research gap, investigating the changes in rainfall regime observed over the 2002–2021 period in the Campania region (southern Italy). To pursue this aim, a dataset including daily precipitation records collected at 107 stations was analysed both through 11 indices developed by the Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices and through the Standardized Precipitation Index in order to detect signals of changes in extreme events and to assess tendencies towards drier or wetter conditions. The Theil‐Sen method and the Mann–Kendall non‐parametric test were employed to evaluate the trends and their statistical significance. The main results emerging from this work are (i) an increasing tendency in precipitation intensity and in the frequency of occurrence of heavy rainfall events in autumn, mainly in the northern part of the region and in the mountainous areas, (ii) an upward trend of the duration of the longest wet spell in the coastal areas and (iii) an increasing trend of dry spells in spring and in summer in the Gulf of Salerno.

Психолого-педагогические условия формирования функциональной грамотности младших школьников

The article touches upon the issue that the process of functional literacy formation should be carried out in ac-cordance with the age specifics of primary school children’s development, namely, taking into account their interest in research activities, social interaction, etc. In order to confirm the presented theoretical provisions, an experimental study was conducted on the basis of primary classes of a comprehensive school. The experiment is based on the assumption that the creation of special psychological and pedagogical conditions has a posi-tive effect on the level of formation of students’ functional literacy. Among the psychological and pedagogical conditions for the formation of primary schoolchildren functional literacy are highlighted: equipping the educa-tional space with special visual materials; conducting speed reading training; use of non-standard texts for reading (posters, instructions, etc.); carrying out field research in real world conditions, etc. The obtained results of the experimental activity confirm the hypothesis put forward and substantiate the necessity of using methods for modeling situations, that are as close to real life as possible, in the educational process.

A virus becomes a global concern: research activities on West-Nile virus

ABSTRACT Currently, West-Nile virus (WNV) is spreading worldwide to colder regions due to climate change. Human mortality and morbidity are prevalent and steadily increasing, associated with costs to public health systems. Therefore, the question of the impact of scientific engagement arises. What trends, barriers, and incentives for research related to global burdens are important in this context? To answer these questions, this study provides detailed insights into the publication patterns of WNV research and interprets them using several parameters, such as absolute and relative publication indices and socioeconomic and epidemiological characteristics. It is shown that national interests combined with regional outbreaks significantly influence publication intensity. Thus, a correlation between national publication volume and the number of WNV cases was observed. In contrast to most life science topics, the scientific interest in WNV significantly decreased after 2006. The USA, as the main actor in WNV research, is at the centre of international networking. Recently, European countries are also getting involved according to their new-emerging outbreaks. The results demonstrate national interest in research activities with a lack of globally focused approaches that are urgently needed to better understand and assess the distribution and characteristics of WNV. Highlights There is a correlation between national WNV cases and the number of publications. The declining trend in WNV research does not correspond to the growing prevalence. USA as most-publishing country is also at the centre of networking WNV research. France is the primary network partner for African and Middle Eastern countries.

Identification Of Motivational Factors for Conducting Academic Research Among University Researchers: A Case Study of PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi

Universities research has become an essential component of higher education and researchers' motivation and their output of research are thought to be strongly correlated. The main purpose of this study was to identify the driving forces behind PhD scholars' decisions to pursue research at PMAS Arid Agriculture University in Pakistan. The nature of the research was exploratory and Nominal Group Technique was applied, to a nominal group of 15 academic scholars. The Nominal Group approach was used in different steps (idea generation, selection, listening, clarification, and ranking and consensus stages). The NGT's results were classified into five categories: social recognition, supervisor support and coordination, intended outcomes, theoretical preferences, and a sense of achievement. Participants gave less preference to the element that their interest in research activities inspired them to conduct research and more preference to the factor that acknowledgement from society was an incentive for them to undertake research.

USING PARTIAL SEARCH AND SEARCH TRAINING METHODS IN THE PROCESS OF STUDYING MATHEMATICAL COURSES IN AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITIES

The need to provide agricultural students with knowledge of mathematics, skills and abilities necessary for mastering professional courses, successful professional activities, including research, requires adjusting the content of the mathematical training of future agricultural specialists, which, in turn, requires the use of specially selected methods teaching mathematical courses. At the same time, domestic pedagogy lacks research on the definition of teaching methods, which are based on in the process of studying mathematical disciplines in agricultural universities. The purpose of the study is a theoretical substantiation of the need to use partially search and search methods, on which the process of studying mathematical courses should be based, taking into account the requirements of the agro-industrial complex, and demonstrating the application of these methods with examples. Research methods: theoretical (analysis, systematization and generalization of pedagogical and psychological research, legislative and regulatory documents), empirical (pedagogical observation of the educational process, analysis of work experience). It is noted that in order to promote the formation of research knowledge, skills and initial research experience of agricultural students, special attention is paid to partially exploratory (heuristic) and exploratory (research) teaching methods. It is demonstrated that the use of a partially search method of teaching contributes to the transition of knowledge into persuasion, forms the ability to independently acquire knowledge, contributes to the development of logical thinking, and fosters interest in research activities. When applying the search method in the educational process, students show initiative, independence, creative search in research activities, and the development of the ability for creative activity occurs. Examples of using partially search and search methods are given. Conclusions are drawn about the need to use partially search and search methods in the process of studying mathematical courses in agricultural universities.

UNIVERSITY-SCHOOL PARTNERSHIP IN ACHIEVING THE VISION OF INDONESIA 2045 THROUGH RESEARCH TRAINING ON HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

Universities participate in realizing Indonesia's vision 2045 “The Indonesians who are excellent, civilized, and mastering science technology, to bring Indonesia as the center of science technology development in the Asia and the world”. It would need intense effort and synergy, considering the science literacy of Indonesian students was ranked the 10th lowest out of 79 countries in 2018. The innovation capacity is ranked 74 out of 141 countries. Research is an essential activity, encouraging the development of science technology. Research competency should be honed by high school students as part of scientific inquiry. Therefore, this community service was carried out in collaboration with FORISMA FK UNAIR, aimed to increase students’ understanding of the urgency, stages, and procedures of research as well as increase interest in research activities. It was also intended to develop their skills to compile and present research proposals. The partner was Raudlatul Jannah High School Sidoarjo. It was implemented through workshops, coaching, and presentations followed by the teachers and 11th-grade students. The whole activity successfully improved students' knowledge. Increased knowledge score was obtained in 83% of participants. The pre-test evaluation showed 88% of participants had poor knowledge, whilst post-test evaluations were predominantly good. This community service increased students’ interest in research and changed their perceptions of research’s importance. This improved students' capability to identify research problems, search and compile scientific references as a basis for building hypotheses and conceptual frameworks, and determine research methods. The four groups of students were able to produce research proposals of sufficient quality and were able to present and discuss them in the forum. This community service was perceived to help the school in the implementation of curriculum, especially in science literacy. The school was committed to deepening students' knowledge and skills in the field of scientific research by providing research project modules. This community service is part of the contribution of higher education to the achievement of the vision of Indonesia 2045. This can be a model of scientific inquiry learning in secondary education, thus it is necessary to be implemented in other high schools.

ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ОСВІТНЬОГО ПРОЦЕСУ ПІДГОТОВКИ МАЙБУТНІХ ФХІВЦІВ З ФІЗИЧНОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ І СПОРТУ

Мета. Встановити системність підготовки майбутніх тренерів- викладачів у закладі вищоїосвіти. Методи. У дослідженні взяли участь 30 студентів першого і 20 другого курсів. Вибір методів,що використані в статті, обумовлений логічною моделлю процесу дослідження, що склалася впедагогічній науці. Теоретичний аналіз науково-методичної літератури проводився для вивчення основ-них концепцій управління підготовки майбутніх фахівців зі спеціальності 017 – фізична культура іспорт. Вивчення педагогічної та навчально-нормативної документації вищої школи дало змогу встано-вити проблеми в розумінні студентів процесу освіти в галузі фізичної культури. Анкетування, конс-татуючий експеримент, методи математичної статистики (графічне відображення даних, аналізпараметрів розподілу) дозволили визначити стан підготовки майбутніх викладачів фізичного вихованняу вищому навчальному закладі. Результати. Встановлено, що професійно-педагогічна підготовка тре-нера-викладача спрямована на формування наступних компонентів: мотиваційно-педагогічного (відоб-ражає спрямованість, мотиви, потреби в навчанні, ціннісні орієнтації), когнітивно-педагогічного (знан-ня вікової психології, вікових морфо-функціональних особливостей людини), конструктивно-педаго-гічного (формуванням цілей діяльності, складанням планів і програм, плануванням занять із фізичноговиховання і спорту), організаційно-педагогічного (здатність і готовність організовувати навчально-тренувальний процес, управляти і моніторити його ефективність), педагогічно-технологічного (пси-холого-педагогічні вміння та навички розв’язувати завдання спортивного тренування дітей і підлітків)та педагогічно-рефлексивного (вміння вивчати, адаптувати і застосовувати кращий досвід в управлінніфізичною підготовкою). Найбільший вплив на професійно-педагогічну мотивацію студентів першого ідругого курсів чинять дисципліни, розташовані у загально-професійному та професійному блоці. Вияв-лений низький рівень зацікавленості студентів у здійсненні науково-дослідницької діяльності. Висновок.Встановлено, що для здобуття освітньої кваліфікації тренер-викладач на початкових етапах навчання(1–2 курси) для студентів найважливішими є дисципліни професійної підготовки.Ключові слова: професійно-педагогічні компетентності, навчальні дисципліни, студенти.

Smart training technology in the teaching of history at Kazan State University of Architecture and Engineering

The smart training technologies include several parts. Their joint use allows making students of technical higher educational institutions interested in studying history. This article describes the experience of involving students of a construction university in research activities in history classes, when studying the topic of the Great Patriotic War. The first stage of the work involves the study of the student’s historical memory, the students’ perceptions of this war through direct communication of the professor with students, the integrated use of sociological, linguistic, pedagogical, psychological methods. In the framework of a continuous survey of 346 students, an expressed emotional coloring of the image of war in the student consciousness and solidarity of students in the need to preserve the memory of the war were revealed. Students classified the written and oral stories of the contemporaries, primarily their relatives, as the most reliable sources on the history of the war. Given the influence of the family war memory, professors form students' interest in research activities. At the next stage, an individual strategy for writing a family history of wartime is developed for each student; recommendations are given on working with databases, information available on the Internet, family and state archives, libraries.

ANALYSIS OF FEATURES OF MOTIVATION OF RESEARCH ACTIVITY OF THE FUTURE PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHER

The article shows the results of the analysis of the study and formation of motivation of research activities of a student of the specialty "pedagogy and methods of primary education". The authors focused on two important principles: the study of motivation should be objective and carried out in a humane, respectful to the student's personality form. The analysis of differences in the levels of internal and external orientation of motivation to NID according to the methodology of motivation of research activities is given. The analysis of students ' responses allowed us to draw conclusions about the specific shortcomings of the organization of pedagogical conditions in the system of involvement of future teachers in NID. The low level of formation of motivation for research activities among students of the specialty "Pedagogy and methods of primary education" was revealed. It is concluded that there is a need to form a future primary school teacher persistent interest in research activities, and also stressed the importance of developing students ' positive social motivation and increase the level of internal orientation of motives, while ensuring that they were clearly aware, persistent and meaningful.

Barriers and Insights in Participant Recruitment in Assisted Living Facilities.

An estimated 1.2 million older adults nationwide currently reside in assisted/supportive living facilities, and research is required to continue to identify best outcomes in for their care. However, challenges exist. The aim of this paper is to address barriers and provide insights related to participant recruitment in assisted and supportive living facilities. Identified barriers included unproductive communication with reception area staff, a perceived lack of interest in research activity, and the inability of Director of Nursing (DON) to provide authorization for research activities. Recruitment insights included productive encounters with gatekeepers, establishing trust with executive administration and healthcare personnel, and research team persistence.

Enhancing interest in research activities in mathematics students in teacher training universities

The article looks into the issue of developing an interest in mathematics students’ research activities in the teacher training universities. The study is dedicated to the feasibility of involving the 5E Instructional Model to the organization of students’ scientific research during the workshop on the Approximation Theory and Fourier Series. The research considers the results of the survey among students who helped to evaluate their emotional state during the workshop. To collect the data we used the tool of express evaluation of positive and negative emotionality the Differential Emotion Scale. The article discusses the positive influence of the environment developed through the 5E Instructional Model on students’ emotional state and forming their interest in scientific research while organizing workshop classes. We have grounds to conclude that there is the efficiency of implementing workshops based on the 5E Instructional Model. The index reduction of students’ negative emotions encouraged their activity during the workshop and the improvement of interest in research activities.

Выявление и реализация потенциала школьников через интеллектуальные мероприятия: открытая и доступная развивающая среда

The article provides examples of open and accessible intellectual events for students, including international, which contribute to the identifi cation and development of intellectual abilities in the study of certain general educational subjects, as well as form an interest in research activities, the desire for knowledge of scientifi c and subject areas

Modeling of tumor growth: Preliminary developments

The aim of this work is modeling the growth of three-dimensional tissue lesions, whose models and X-ray images are of crucial interest in research activities dedicated to improving diagnostic imaging of the mammary gland. The starting point is to model a section of a human tissue as composed of cells with anatomically true dimensions and location. The modelled healthy tissue is initially visualized and then the user triggers the lesion growth. The focus of the software application is the growing process of the tumor formation modelled as a process of gradually conversion of neighboring healthy cells to abnormal such. As a consequence, the healthy cells undergo transformations and change their properties to abnormal ones. The geometrical primitives used to model the cells are spheres. The sphere is a quadric surface and is easily visualized by exploiting the OpenGL library. The program is written in the C++ programming language and run under Windows platform. The application starts with the initialization of a tissue segment, approximated as a parallelepiped with a size, set by the user and filled with healthy cells with a specific radius (6 μm). One of these cells is then randomly sampled to become abnormal and the abnormal process begins. The cells when turning their properties to cancerous are also visualized in the three-dimensional space where they can be examined closely. The modeled tumor formations are intended for use in X-ray imaging research. Both, computational models and images are dedicated for developing of CAD applications for cancer detection and characterising, for development of machine learning algorithms to classify human breast tissues, as well as to speed up the development and optimization of new diagnostic procedures based on X-rays. Acknowledgements This research is supported by the Bulgarian National Science Fund under grant agreement DN17/2. This project also has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 692097.

Factors contributing to the lack of interest in research activities among postgraduate medical students.

Objective:To determine the factors contributing to lack of interest in research activities among postgraduate residents in pediatric medicine.Methods:This cross-sectional survey was conducted at The Children’s Hospital Lahore, Pakistan in August 2017. The questionnaire was distributed to 105 postgraduate residents working in pediatric medicine department and 90 of them returned the completed proforma (response rate; 86%). Data was analyzed by SPSS version 22.Results:Out of 90 residents’ females were predominant (n=58/90; 64.4%). Mean age of the participants was 28.22 ± 2.092 years. Majority were unmarried (n=57; 63.3%). The highest mean score (2.31±0.697) was regarding “Lack of proper training for research”, followed by “lack of previous exposure” (2.26±0.728) and “over loaded curriculum” (2.13±0.753). “Uncooperative faculty” and “funding issues” as a barrier towards research (p=0.016 and 0.014 respectively) was mentioned by males more than females. “Social and family commitment” was a significant perceived barrier in married residents as compared to unmarried residents (p=0.001). The residents in the younger age group were more reluctant to do research due to “over loaded curriculum” (p=0.038).Conclusion:Lack of proper training of research, lack of previous exposure and time management are the major factors affecting resident’s research work, whereas married residents face more social/family constraints as compare to unmarried residents.

RESEARCH AMONGST JUNIOR AND SENIOR MEDICAL STUDENTS

Background: Evidence based scientific knowledge and research is an integralpart of medicine. This led us to this study to find out the knowledge, attitude and practiceregarding research in medical students of final year and first year at Army Medical College-NUST, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to compare thelevel of knowledge, attitude and practice regarding research amongst medical students of finalyear MBBS and 1st year MBBS. Study Design: Cross sectional descriptive study. Place ofStudy: Army Medical College-NUST Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Duration of Study: Three months(October 2013 to December 2013). Materials and Methods: A questionnaire consisting of 23closed questions, was filled by students of first and final year MBBS, through non-probabilityconvenience sampling. The data was analyzed by SPSS 21. p value of &lt; 0.05 was consideredto be significant. Results: Over 50% of first year students and 21.53% of the final year studentshad poor knowledge of research methodology. 89.30% students from final year along with51.30% students from first year were motivated and had interest in research activities. Not asingle student from first year and only 12.37% of students from final year were actively involvedin research process at the time of undertaking the research. 50.40% first year students and58.46% from final year strongly disagreed that there are ample opportunities for research inthe college. Conclusions: A working scientific forum should be established in the collegewith introduction of student mentor link. Students should be guided on how to carry out aresearch and how to make a good research question, how to develop skills for paper writingand evaluating the data collected.

The development and Validation of Children Interest list (Case study: Isfahan-Age: 6 to 12)

The main purpose of the present study was to development, determines validity and reliability a first children Interest Inventory (CII). The statistical population of this research includes Isfahanian children that were in age 6 to 12. Research population consisted of all male and female children ages 6-12 living in the city of Isfahan. To create the questionnaire and determining its validity and reliability, 200 Isfahanian children, both male and female and aged 6-12 years of old were selected in three stages. In this research, Strong Interest Inventory was used for collecting data. Reliability of the CII was determined by chronbach's Alpha and test retest method. The internal reliability coefficient with chronbach,s Alpha method ranged from .41 to .86. Also retesting reliability was 0.69 to 0.98. Finally taken together, these finding provide support for the reliability and validity of the CII when used with children in grade 25&40. The 80-item AII is a first questionnaire that capable to be used as an instrument to measure children's interest for research activities performed for counseling and guidance.

Assessment of Awareness among Clinicians about Concepts in Undergraduate Pharmacology Curriculum: A Novel Crosssectional Study

Objective:In the last 30 years, concepts in pharmacology have moved from Essential Medicines (EM) to P-drugs via the Rational Use of Medicines (RUM), but no structured study has evaluated the level of understanding among working clinicians about these concepts. The present study is designed to fulfill that lacuna.Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional study was carried out in and around the teaching hospitals attached to Medical Colleges, enrolling 504 clinicians from six centers across North India to fill-up a questionnaire containing 25 questions. The results were compiled using percentages and averages.Results:Only one-fourth of the participants claimed that they always prescribed Essential Medicines; no one could accurately count the number of drugs / drug combinations in the Indian Essential Drug list; only 15.1% of the clinicians used to write the generic names of drugs on a prescription slip; about one-third of the clinicians were not fully aware about the adverse effects, drug interactions, and contraindications of the drugs they prescribed; about 83% of the physicians admitted to rely on information from Medical Representatives (MRs) and the interest in research activities seemed to be lost.Conclusion:Results show a sorry state of affairs among clinicians, as far as the level of understanding about EM, P-drugs, and RUM is concerned, and points toward arranging more continuing medical education (CME) for clinicians regarding these concepts.