Interest In Geography Research Articles

Scrap Drives, Stamp Sales, and School Spirit: Examples of Elementary Social Studies during World War II

Abstract During World War II, the nature of elementary social studies changed significantly. Prompted by popular interest in the events of the war and government initiated victory and defense savings programs, elementary educators reshaped both the content and structure of their classrooms to foster patriotism, community service, interest in geography and history, and good citizenship traits. Students participated in war savings stamp and bond sales, scrap collection drives, and production of war-related plays; they studied rationing economics and conservation of resources; they expanded their understanding of geography and world events; and they learned how to be responsible citizens working toward the common goal of victory in the war. As a result of enhanced and broadened activity during the war years, elementary social studies emerged as a curricular field of prominence.

Negotiated Dilemmas of Landscape, Place and Christian Commitment in a Suffolk Parish

Landscape and place continue to attract the interest of many cultural geographers. Individual and shared meanings invested in and interpreted from specific landscapes and places are contested, challenged and revised within a broader context of social and material relations. Beliefs which interact with the significance of landscapes and places can be intensely complex, dynamic and unstable. Geographical meaning and belief, identity and context, are active participants in the definition and re-definition of each other, as well as in their representation and reinterpretation. This paper analyses the dilemmas of religious identity, belief and abstention from belief experienced by thirty people in a Suffolk parish. Dilemma is shown to be an intensely problematic concept interacting in significant ways with the evolution of geographical and other forms of meaning.

Environmental Education: A Geographical Perspective

Abstract Geography is an ideal disciplinary vehicle for environmental education; however, non-geographers are rarely aware of the vast geographic interest, research, and literature related to the environment. Geographers study the environment in four major ways: 1) the natural environment using scientific methods and techniques; 2) the impact of human behavior on the environment; 3) environmental influences on human behavior; and 4) the different cultural perceptions of the environment and how these perceptions are expressed in the surrounding landscape. Within these avenues of inquiry, geographers examine spatial patterns of environmentally related topics at different scales—local, regional, and global—and the interconnections of the global environment and economy. The future role of geography in environmental education is shaped by four current activities: the development of science and geography standards and assessment frameworks, the formulation of environmental literacy standards, and the creation of environmental education certification standards.

What is Spiritual Geography?

The publication of two books with the term spiritual geography in their subtitles indicates some measure of broad public interest in geography and provides an opportunity to speculate about the implications for the discipline. The two books are Beliefs and Holy Places: A Spiritual Geography of the Pimeria Alta, by James S. Griffin (1992) and Dakota: A Spiritual Geography, by Kathleen Norris (1993). Reviews of the two books appeared in the New York Times. The publicity thus given to popular, intellectually stimulating books subtitled geography cannot be overlooked by geographers. This type of wide notice is unique and often sought, and the theme is one occasionally discussed by cultural geographers. It allows geographers to ponder the meaning of their discipline to nongeographers. Although the use of the word geography is welcome, its association with the word spiritual may be mixed blessing for many geographers. The basic question that arises from reading these books is, What is spiritual geography? One wonders why Griffin and Norris chose these two words to define their subjects. Reviews in highly influential newspaper suggest an interested readership that is searching for answers about the human condition. In academic circles, the search has expanded to include radical interpretations of reality. As Griffin correctly states, there is growing body of literature that reflects multidisciplinary expansion of radical thought in the postmodern era. The concept of place as means of human identity is clearly evident in literature. Depending on perspective, there are many pieces of good and not-so-good literature that examine relationships among earth, place, and people, as well as among people in specific place. I have chosen to focus only on those books subtitled spiritual geography. Other terms have been applied to the ideas that Griffin and Norris cover. An example is spiritual ecology, which Carolyn Merchant discusses in Radical Ecology (1992). She examines how ecologists are beginning to interpret earth order and process from contextual and nonlinear time perspectives. To her, spiritual ecology is a product of profound sense of crisis in the ways that twentieth century humans relate to the environment and focuses on the transformation of consciousness, especially religious and spiritual consciousness. Like postmodern social scientists, ecologists are attempting to redefine human relationships with the earth and with each other as means of survival. Griffin and Norris offer two strikingly different topics and regions, yet both speak to common needs and abilities of humans to survive. Humans must somehow organize reality to compensate for the disparity between the known and the unknown. The known or the real must be balanced against the unknown or the ideal. In radical terms, one defines the other in temporal and contextually framed existence. As specific and unique individuals in space and time, Griffin and Norris have written about places that momentarily trap and illuminate this supernatural ability of humans to adapt, create, and re-create their surroundings. Both authors describe the building of human-land relationships from personal observations and research. Norris writes about her sense of identity in the northern Great Plains, and Griffin writes about religious subculture along the Arizona-Mexico border, regionally known as Pimeria Alta. Both authors consider their regions holy. They discuss the events and conditions that led them or others to allow the supernatural to dominate. For Griffin, spiritual geography is about place of religious tradition. He describes Pimeria Alta as place where three centuries of cultural existence and cohesion have created blend of native and exotic religious beliefs. The fusion of beliefs can be observed across the region. In fact, the extent of the syncretic belief system demarcates the region. Through personal observations, ethnographical research, and library research, Griffin is persuasive in his description of holy place. …

Notes for authors

Port research is not a new field of interest for human geographers, evidenced by numerous conceptual models and empirical cases of port evolution and development in the literature. However, several critical questions remain unanswered, notably the exact position of port geography as a subdiscipline within human geography in the past, present and future. Based on a pluralistic approach, the paper analyzes the changing waves and development of port geography as a sub-discipline of human geography, with a special focus on whether port geography has experienced a paradigm shift and, if so, when, why, and how. Also, through analyzing the major terrains of port geography research from the macro perspective, it brings a new lease of life to port geography in this rapidly changing world.

Lead Contaminated Soils: Priorities for Remediation?

Hazardous Waste and Hazardous MaterialsVol. 10, No. 1 Lead Contaminated Soils: Priorities for Remediation?A.L. PAGE and A.C. CHANGA.L. PAGESearch for more papers by this author and A.C. CHANGSearch for more papers by this authorPublished Online:10 Apr 2009https://doi.org/10.1089/hwm.1993.10.1AboutSectionsPDF/EPUB ToolsPermissionsDownload CitationsTrack CitationsAdd to favorites Back To Publication ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail "Lead Contaminated Soils: Priorities for Remediation?." , 10(1), pp. 1–2FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byGeostatistical Assessment of Pb, Zn and Cd Contamination in Near-Surface Soils of the Urban-Mining Transitional Region of Isfahan, IranPedosphere, Vol. 20, No. 5Kinetics of lead adsorption by iron oxides formed under the influence of citrateGeochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 67, No. 5Analysis of lead in soils adjacent to an interstate highway in Tampa, FloridaEnvironmental Geochemistry and Health, Vol. 18, No. 4Involving Disadvantaged Youth in Lead Contamination Investigations to Enhance Interest in Geography and Environmental Science11 September 2007 | Journal of Geography, Vol. 93, No. 6A business and market assessment of waste treatment technologiesJOM, Vol. 46, No. 5 Volume 10Issue 1Jan 1993 To cite this article:A.L. PAGE and A.C. CHANG.Lead Contaminated Soils: Priorities for Remediation?.Hazardous Waste and Hazardous Materials.Jan 1993.1-2.http://doi.org/10.1089/hwm.1993.10.1Published in Volume: 10 Issue 1: April 10, 2009PDF download

大学生の地理学的知識および関心

大学生の地理学的知識および関心

Dimensions of inequalities among siblings

In July 1991, thirty-five scholars met at the fourteenth-century Certosa of Pontignano in Siena for a three-day colloquium (jointly sponsored by the Economic and Social Research Council, the Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique and the Università degli Studi di Siena) on the topic of relationships between cadets et aînés, or younger and elder siblings. The geographical interests of the participants ranged from the frontier of the North American continent to the whole of the European, while their collective temporal expertise extended from biblical times to the present. The structure of the thematic sessions and the specific issues addressed in the course of the colloquium had been set out in countless early meetings of a ‘scientific committee’, comprising Georges Ravis-Giordani, Pier Giorgio Solinas, Martine Segalen, Lloyd Bonfield and Richard Wall. In large measure, the membership of that committee with respect to discipline and the scholarly agenda that it produced resembled the articulated goals of Continuity and Change. It therefore seemed appropriate that a selection of papers read at the meeting, and subsequently revised in light of the lively dialogue that followed the formal presentations, should provide the basis for the fifth special issue to grace the pages of this journal.

Research in Australian Geography: reflections from the pages of Australian Geographical Studies

The IGU Sydney Conference made 1988 a memorable year for Australian geographers. It provided us with unique opportunities to meet old friends and colleagues and to forge contacts with new acquaintances; and, through our involvement in the huge range of activities associated with the meeting, it involved many of us in a global network of geographers, the benefits of which we continue to reap. Our 1988 visitors, primarily from the northern hemisphere, also benefited. Through publications, seminars and excursions Australian geography and Australian geographers came to the attention of their overseas counterparts with new intensity. During the period from 1988 our experiences as editors of Australian Geographical Studies have suggested that this momentum has been maintained. Australian geographers continue to make a highly significant contribution to scholarly debates in all major contemporary research areas. However what are these areas? Are they static or changing? And what can Australian Geographical Studies tell us not only about these trends but also about what they might mean for future interests of Australian geographers? In presenting a summary of the journal's activities and offerings over the last three and a half years we consider these questions in two different ways. First we present an analysis of the topics which honours and post-graduate geography students have been studying for their theses over the last decade. These are taken from the biennial geography thesis lists which David Wadley and his collaborators have painstakingly compiled for the journal throughout this period. Secondly we look at the manuscripts submitted to us during our period as editors.

Corporatism and health care: A comparison of Sweden and Mexico

Up to now, the Swedish health care system has been used as a model for comparisons with other developed nations, chiefly in Northern Europe and the United States. This articles departs from the mainstream and poem that similarities along the political factor of corporatism warrant a comparative analysis between the Swedish and Mexican cases. The most widely accepted definitions and typologies of corporatism are reviewed. The arena of manpower policy is used to Illustrate the effects of alternative modes of interest representation on health care organization. The final aim of this comparative exercise is to enrich the empirical basis required to build a theory about the complex determinants of health care systems. State corporatism has acted In Mexico largely unchecked by geographical interest representation, in contrast with Sweden where centralist and decentralist forces are more balanced. This finding helps to understand why Sweden and Mexico mark extreme points along the health equity continuum. The comparison underscores the need for Sweden to avoid the risk of weakening the equity basis of its health care system as it moves along Its current reform. The importance of these transformations go beyond Sweden, since they will undoubtedly offer new models of thinking and acting for the rest of the world.

Historical Geography and the History of Geographical thought

The accumulation of geographical scholarship since the late nineteenth century has encouraged a fusion of historical and geographical skills and interests. In the process, the study of the history of geographical thought should continue to strengthen its central position within the subject as a whole. Yet at the same time, research into this modern era insists upon a more generous incorporation of significant contributions to environmental appraisal and landscape authorship developed by government and non-government actors, and a consideration of vernacular or non-scientific modes of inquiry. The Commission's work draws attention to these important trends and lays the foundation for a broader discussion of their implications.

Materials

This paper examines the number and type of books of geography and geographical periodicals in the eighteenth-century German-speaking territories and the place and chronology of their publication with reference to recent work on geographical print culture in the Enlightenment. The paper extends recent studies on Aufklärungsgeographie (Enlightenment geography) by taking a broadly quantitative approach and in presenting, for 345 books and 109 geographical periodicals, geographies of authoring, editing and publishing in the German-speaking territories between c.1693 and c.1815. Attention is paid to differences of content, to contemporaries’ interests in geography as a form of ordered knowledge (wissenschaft) and to the purposes of their work: broadly, education, polite sociability, and the ‘completeness’ of geography as a form of Enlightenment knowledge. We show how writing and publishing geography—and Aufklärungsgeographie—was spatially distributed and how the rise in numbers and increased diversity of geographical works raised questions about authorship and credibility and the content of geography.

A short chapter in French historical geography: the Bulletin du Comité Français de Géographie Historique et d'Histoire de la Geographie, 1935–1938

The Bulletin du Comité Français de Géographie Historique et d'Histoire de la Géographie, published in 1935, 1936 and 1938, affords a brief but revealing glimpse of the state of French historical geography in the 1930s, and indicates an attempt on the one hand to modernise the subject and on the other to retain and revive some of the elements of the older traditions of French historical geography. The individuals associated with the Bulletin and its organising committee reflect different currents and interests in geography and related subjects in the 1930s.

Geography Education in West German High Schools: Do Four Years Make a Difference?

Abstract In the wake of renewed interest in geography study at the elementary and secondary levels in the United States, American geography teachers might wish to take time now to consider expanded course content and alternate pedagogical approaches to foster both learning of and long-term enthusiasm for geography. That secondary students from other industrialized nations consistantly out-score those attending our high schools is not surprising when the geography curricula of those nations are compared with what is usually offered in our schools. This article's overview of geography as taught in West Berlin, FRG is intended to stimualte discussion among American geography teachers as we ride the wave of renewed interest in geography. We need to educate our superintendents, curriculum directors and/or principals in the ways of sound geography content and pedagogy in order for them to lend moral and financial support for strengthened geography programs.

Histoire et Géographie : Les Fondements D'Une Complémentarité

Les circonstances ont voulu qu'en remettant en question la division et le groupement des disciplines dans l'enseignement du second degré, historiens et géographes aient été amenés à s'interroger sur le sens de leur traditionnelle association. Héritage embarrassant ou injustifié ? Ou, au contraire, alliance bienvenue, en raison de la complémentarité des deux enseignements ? De nombreux côtés, c'est dans la seconde direction que débats et conversations paraissaient s'orienter. Est-il sans raison de s'interroger, au-delà des dispositions pratiques destinées à de jeunes élèves, sur les rapports de l'histoire et de la géographie comme disciplines de recherche ?

What Will Demography Be in 1996?

Demography in 1996 was the topic of 1 of the luncheon roundtable discussions at the 1986 meeting of the Population Association of America (PAA). The 10 or 12 persons who participated ranged widely in age geographical location and professional interest and the exchange was lively. While the group knew that it is no less chancy to forecast the future of the discipline than that of population they made a good try and there was a surprising consensus on most issues. They agreed that mortality is not a dying field. Apart from that they ranged over most of demography as it is and as they thought it would become. At the end of the session they each wrote down which major areas would decline in importance and which would grow. The notations were placed in the PAA archives to be salvaged 10 years hence and used to measure our composite prescience. (authors modified)

THE GEOGRAPHICAL THINKING OF N.I. VAVILOV

Much has been published recently about Academician N.I. Vavilov, a seminal scientist with broad horizons. This article is limited to his geographical contributions and interests. His early study of agriculture in Afghanistan revealed his keen powers of field observation and his deep geographic orientation. This work won him the Przheval'skiy Gold Medal of the Geographical Society. He organized a network of experimental stations across the broad and diverse expanses of the Soviet Union to test the geographical limits of crops. He carried out numerous studies of mountain agriculture in many parts of the globe, noting that the isolation and the patchwork of critical environmental conditions in mountains favored the divergence of species, forms, and types of the wild ancestors of cultivated plants. This led to his trail-blazing identification and field investigation of hearths (centers) of origin of cultivated plants, of their diffusion, of areas of ancient agriculture, and to formulation of principles of geo...

Textual Geography in Sallust's the War with Jugurtha

The apparent geographical inaccuracies in Sallust's account of the war with Jugurtha have attracted the attention of many scholars. Several years ago Etienne Tiffou devoted a study to the fact that Sallust's three historical works show a progressively greater interest in geography, but many topographical difficulties inThe War with Jugurtharemain unexplained. Others see the geographical excursuses inThe War with Jugurthaas simply traditional devices or perhaps structural fillers whose content is purely derivative and whose contribution to the themes of the work is minimal or nil: Sallust does not contribute much more than ‘Greek erudition and fancies’. Yet many of the supposed inaccuracies and thematically empty excursuses can be better understood and appreciated as part of a consistent Sallustian technique of internal allusion. A careful reading of Sallust's references to places inThe War with Jugurthareveals the author's sophisticated use of a ‘textual geography’, i.e. the deliberate selection and arrangement of places in the text to allude to and support his central ideas. Most significantly he compares Rome to Carthage in their origins, growth and decline, he describes the reactions of the Roman people to the course of the war, and he characterizes Roman leaders in their conduct of the war against Jugurtha by using this device.

The Mass Distribution of Geographical Literature in Ulster 1750-1850

The extent to which geographical knowledge penetrated to the common reader has been little studied in the past. This paper examines the question in relation to late eighteenth and early nineteenth-century Ulster. In the eighteenth century the material distributed around the countryside consisted largely of fictional and actual accounts of voyages (though some readers had access to better material via private libraries or local reading societies). Early in the nineteenth century the Kildare Place Society of Dublin issued huge numbers of small books, many of geographical interest, and in Ulster these were sold and imitated by two Belfast printer/publishers. By'this time, the coming of a national system of education in Ireland heralded a variety of geographical textbooks, bringing accurate (if dull) geographical knowledge to a wide public for the first time.

Judges and the Cities: Interpreting Local Autonomy

In this remarkable inquiry into the bases of social theory, Gordon L. Clark argues that the heterogeneous nature of our society, with its pluralism of values, causes the rules of social conduct to be constantly made and remade. Examining the role of thecourts in structuring and achieving social discourse, he contends that legal doctrine is no different from other social theories: judicial interpretations are constructed out of specific circumstances and conflicting values, not deduced from neutral and logical principles. There is, he asserts, no final arbiter somehow unaffected by our controversies and schisms. As concrete examples, Clark analyzes four court disputes in depth, showing that the concept of local autonomy has very different meanings and implications in each of them. These cases Boston's defense of resident-preference hiring policies, conflict over urban land-use zoning in Toronto, a Chicago's suburb's fight against a sewage treatment plant, and the evolution of the City of Denver's power since 1900 demonstrate that legal reasoning is not impervious to other kinds of reasoning, and the solutions provided by the courts are not unique. To ground his explorations, Clark investigates both liberalism and structuralism, showing that both are inadequate bases for determining social policy. He mounts provocative critiques of the works of de Tocqueville, Nozick, Tiebout, and Posner on the one hand and Castells and Poulantzas on the other. This ambitious and important work will command the interest of geographers, political scientists, economists, sociologists, and legal scholars.