Interdisciplinary Perspective Research Articles

Rethinking Power-Sharing in Post-War Lebanon: The Case for a Pluralist and Multi-Level Research Agenda

Abstract To what extent is power-sharing theory, used as one of the key conceptual frameworks for Lebanon’s political system, still relevant for charting a way forward amid the country’s cumulative crises? This article heeds the call to position research on Lebanon’s power-sharing in a pluralist research agenda that speaks to a wider knowledge base and to a broader set of everyday policy problems. This agenda articulates itself around three axes: first, building on interdisciplinary research perspectives; second, looking at post-war Lebanon through multi-level and relational perspectives beyond the focus on power-sharing theory and “deeply divided societies” as focal paradigms for exploring conflict mitigation; and third, feeding into critical policy perspectives that probe people’s everyday struggles.

The Regime Durability of Communist Power in China

This essay examines the durability of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) from an interdisciplinary perspective. By conducting investigations into the CCP’s evolution, this essay offers three crucial approaches to facilitate a comprehensive understanding of the durability of the Communist regime in China. It argues that the fast-growing economy since the Reform and Opening-up in 1978 has decisively improved the living standards of the Chinese people, forming the core of the CCP’s legitimacy. However, relying solely on the economic approach is not sufficient to fully assess the durability of the CCP. The second approach suggested by this paper involves a more democratized approach to speech control and loosened censorship, allowing a certain degree of plurality of opinions while still prohibiting subversive speeches. The third approach involves the sanctification of the CCP among the people, wherein the concept of “the CCP is always for the people” is constructed and imbued. These three mutually constitutive, conjunctive, and integrated approaches thereby reinforce the Party’s durability consistently.

Institutional Management Competence for Addressing Illegal Wildlife Trade: Insights from Uruguay.

The illegal wildlife trade (IWT) is a global phenomenon that adversely affects biodiversity and human well-being. Understanding how institutions manage this trade is crucial for reducing its negative impacts. Latin America has the fewest IWT studies globally; thus, science in support of more effective institutional management of IWT is limited. This study aims to bridge the researcher-practitioner gap by providing applicable results and involving control institutions. To this end, we examine the strengths and weaknesses of Uruguay's institutions in addressing this issue, introducing the concept of institutional management competence to the knowledge base about IWT. Based on this case study, we aimed to generate inputs to guide policymakers in achieving better control of the IWT, contributing to reduce the researcher-practitioner gap. From an interdisciplinary perspective that articulates qualitative and quantitative methods, the study presents the following results: (a) Uruguay's network for addressing illegal wildlife trade involves numerous institutions whose articulation has a high degree of informality; (b) these institutions address different stages of trafficking based on their roles, jurisdiction, and engagement; (c) main weaknesses include insufficient state-level prioritisation, weak institutional coordination, inadequate training, insufficient infrastructure, space and personnel to handle the volume of seized animals, lack of proper facilities for seized animals, and a need for better-organised information. Our results help shed light on the IWT management structures in Uruguay and identifies where direct improvements can be made to strengthen the institutional responses to global IWT.

New Museology Approaches in Cultural Heritage Centers

Museums and historical buildings are currently being evaluated for different functions to transfer the social heritage created by the social and cultural values they carry to new generations such as Tofaş Anatolian Cars Museum and Umurbey Bath in Bursa. The museum dedicated to the narration of cultural heritage, presents toy car collections and other periodic toys to visitors in the Carousel exhibition within the historical bath structure as an exhibition space in the new museology concept. The research presents the processes and results of an edutainment project in line with the objectives by examining the exhibition organized by Mido Architecture, Trio Design, and the design studio partnered by the author. To put forth the validity of the study, the research emphasizes the edutainment design process of an architectural user experience concept from an interdisciplinary perspective centered on cultural heritage.

Sung Tz’u, the medieval super detective

The author provides forensic science observations form a unique interdisciplinary perspective.

Mapping the relationship between regulation and innovation from an interdisciplinary perspective: A critical systematic review of the literature

AbstractA considerable amount of work has focused on “regulatory innovation” in the social sciences. This scholarship has conceptually defined certain types of regulatory changes as innovations and explored how regulation, as a policy instrument, alters the pace of technological innovation. More recently, a renewed interest for policy mixes and more dynamism in industrial innovation policies around the world has increased the demand for advanced knowledge in this area. In this article, we systematically review the literature on the innovation‐regulation interplay, documenting its evolution, the prevailing thematic areas, and overlooked topics. While the orthodox regulatory stance, modeled on economic efficiency principles, is by far the main thrust, heterodox accounts, premised on systemic and evolutionary thinking, appear as important variations. The latter have recently burgeoned with new theoretical developments promoting the idea of regulation that not only allows for, but intentionally directs innovation.

Exploring the Intersection of Religion and Cinema: Trends and Reflections in Contemporary Film Culture

This article delves into the complex relationship between religion and film, and studies the latest trends and ethical reflections in the field of film culture. Through an interdisciplinary perspective, this article explores how movies serve as a medium for communication between audiences and religion. By paying attention to the use of religious symbols and themes in movies, audiences are invited to reflect on spiritual themes and religious culture. The analysis of the social response of religious expressions in movies highlights the interactive relationship between social beliefs, cultural backgrounds, and religious narratives. This study focuses on the rich and diverse interpretations of religious themes in global film works by showcasing different depictions of religious elements in global films. In addition, the study also explored the role of film festivals as active platforms for religious dialogue and cross-cultural exchange, promoting a deeper understanding of religious diversity in contemporary society. The article also showcases the constantly evolving trend of religion in movies, as well as the ongoing academic enthusiasm for the ethical significance of depicting religious elements in movies.

Quantification of university entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurship jointly promoting innovation ability cultivation from an interdisciplinary perspective

Quantification of university entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurship jointly promoting innovation ability cultivation from an interdisciplinary perspective

The Role of Human Resource Management in Agricultural Labor-Saving Technologies: An Integrative Review and Science Mapping

The integrative role of human resource management continues to rise as a topic in sustainable and smart agriculture. This dual focus emphasizes new solutions for agricultural businesses and rural areas, incorporating academic concepts with practical implementations to address the pressing challenges coming from the implementation of labor-saving technologies. The study employs the integrative review method, along with science mapping of literature. After a careful selection of studies from the Scopus database, we included 149 papers for our analysis. Our findings suggest that the overall scholarly work has been concentrated on the topics of entrepreneurship and organizational structure. We conclude that the literature is mostly directed toward sustainability development goals such as gender, diversity, and youth. The current trends topics are “collective action” and “artificial intelligence”. Furthermore, our study offered insights into developing and emerging themes, trends, and future directions. The HRM functions that play a pivotal role in the adoption of labor-saving technology adoption are knowledge management, change management, labor allocation, sustainability allocation, and regulatory compliance. Moreover, we provided the practical implementation of the HRM roles and future directions. This study benefits agricultural researchers, agricultural managers, and policymakers because it gives a comprehensive and interdisciplinary perspective.

Interdisciplinary perspectives on sustainability in higher education: a sustainability competence support model

After several decades of work toward elevating sustainability education, many have called for a transformation of the education system to create timely action. Teachers, students, organizational leaders, and many other stakeholders have voiced their dissatisfaction with their experience of sustainability education. Some say we can do more to create real action for sustainable futures. We investigate what, how and why lectures across disciplines at universities in different countries work with sustainability education. We conduct interviews and dialogs with teachers across disciplines to uncover interdisciplinary perspectives on sustainability education and how to move forward. The emerging reflections provide insights about transformations in the strategies and systems, and how to implement sustainability education. There is also a call for reuniting diverse intrapersonal and values thinking between stakeholders to support transformations in sustainability education. Furthermore, participants imagined the future as a creative space where collaboration across disciplines facilitates a student-centred transdisciplinary experience with real-world practice. This study provides insights into the mindset of teachers across disciplines and countries. A sustainability competence-based support model about the current sustainability education discourse is developed.

The Dynamics of Divorce in Indonesian Muslim Families

The development of divorce cases from year to year is very dynamic. Divorce occurs not only because of problems in the family but also because divorce is attached to the husband and wife, who are left behind due to death. Likewise, the judge's decision can affect the determination of divorce status. If the judge is unwilling or does not decide on the divorce, the marriage is not declared divorced. Therefore, divorce is defined as the breakup of the marital relationship with the judge's decision or the request of one of the parties. This article aims to find out the dynamics of divorce development in Indonesia. This research is library-based qualitative with a descriptive, critical, analytical approach and an interdisciplinary perspective, combining philosophical, psychological, sociological, juridical, and comparative methods. The results show that divorce and marriage exist in the world. In the jewish religion, divorce is permitted. In the catholic faith, divorce is prohibited, while in protestantism, it is allowed on the grounds of adultery. In islam, the majority of islamic jurists allow it and some islamic jurists ban divorce. Meanwhile, in indonesia, divorce is permitted by a court decision. Some regions with the most divorce cases are West Java, East Java, Central Java, North Sumatra, DKI Jakarta, Banten, South Sulawesi, And Riau. The factors that cause divorce are spouse conflicts, economy, leaving one party, domestic violence, drunkenness, gambling, neglect, one of them being imprisoned, adultery, polygamy, forced marriage, and disputes that lead to divorce. Efforts to prevent divorce include premarital education, family money management training, strengthening the basis of personality, family mediation, and rehabilitative assistance for divorced couples.

Water‐controlled ecosystems as complex networks: Evaluation of network‐based approaches to quantify patterns of connectivity

AbstractThis study provides a new perspective on understanding the intricacies of water‐mediated connectivity in ecosystems, bridging landscape ecology and geomorphology through network science. We highlight dryland and river‐floodplain ecosystems as distinct examples of contrasting water‐controlled systems. We (1) discuss central considerations in developing structural connectivity and functional connectivity networks of water‐mediated connectivity; (2) quantify the emergent patterns in these networks; and (3) evaluate the capacity of network science tools for investigating connectivity characteristics. With a focus on strength (weights) and direction, connectivity is quantified using seven parameters at both network and node levels. We find that link density, betweenness centrality and page rank centrality are highly sensitive to directionality; global efficiency and degree centrality are particularly sensitive to weights; and relative node efficiency remains unaffected by weights and directions. Our study underscores how network science approaches can transform how we quantify and understand water‐mediated connectivity, especially in consideration of the role(s) of weights and directionality. This interdisciplinary perspective, linking ecology, hydrology and geomorphology, has implications for both theoretical insights and practical applications in environmental management and conservation efforts.

Harmonizing Intelligence: A Holistic Approach to Bias Mitigation in Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming the way we interact with data, leading to a growing concern about bias. This study aims to address this issue by developing intelligent algorithms that can identify and prevent new biases in AI systems. The strategy involves combining innovative machine-learning techniques, ethical considerations, and interdisciplinary perspectives to address bias at various stages, including data collection, model training, and decision-making processes. The proposed strategy uses robust model evaluation techniques, adaptive learning strategies, and fairness-aware machine learning algorithms to ensure AI systems function fairly across diverse demographic groups. The paper also highlights the importance of diverse and representative datasets and the inclusion of underrepresented groups in training. The goal is to develop AI models that reduce prejudice while maintaining moral norms, promoting user acceptance and trust. Empirical evaluations and case studies demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach, contributing to the ongoing conversation about bias reduction in AI.

Insect Flight: State of the Field and Future Directions.

The evolution of flight in an early winged insect ancestral lineage is recognized as a key adaptation explaining the unparalleled success and diversification of insects. Subsequent transitions and modifications to flight machinery, including secondary reductions and losses, also play a central role in shaping the impacts of insects on broadscale geographic and ecological processes and patterns in the present and future. Given the importance of insect flight, there has been a centuries-long history of research and debate on the evolutionary origins and biological mechanisms of flight. Here, we revisit this history from an interdisciplinary perspective, discussing recent discoveries regarding the developmental origins, physiology, biomechanics, and neurobiology and sensory control of flight in a diverse set of insect models. We also identify major outstanding questions yet to be addressed and provide recommendations for overcoming current methodological challenges faced when studying insect flight, which will allow the field to continue to move forward in new and exciting directions. By integrating mechanistic work into ecological and evolutionary contexts, we hope that this synthesis promotes and stimulates new interdisciplinary research efforts necessary to close the many existing gaps about the causes and consequences of insect flight evolution.

The Eurasian Arctic Ocean along the MOSAiC drift in 2019–2020: An interdisciplinary perspective on physical properties and processes

The Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC, 2019–2020), a year-long drift with the Arctic sea ice, has provided the scientific community with an unprecedented, multidisciplinary dataset from the Eurasian Arctic Ocean, covering high atmosphere to deep ocean across all seasons. However, the heterogeneity of data and the superposition of spatial and temporal variability, intrinsic to a drift campaign, complicate the interpretation of observations. In this study, we have compiled a quality-controlled physical hydrographic dataset with best spatio-temporal coverage and derived core parameters, including the mixed layer depth, heat fluxes over key layers, and friction velocity. We provide a comprehensive and accessible overview of the ocean conditions encountered along the MOSAiC drift, discuss their interdisciplinary implications, and compare common ocean climatologies to these new data. Our results indicate that, for the most part, ocean variability was dominated by regional rather than seasonal signals, carrying potentially strong implications for ocean biogeochemistry, ecology, sea ice, and even atmospheric conditions. Near-surface ocean properties were strongly influenced by the relative position of sampling, within or outside the river-water influenced Transpolar Drift, and seasonal warming and meltwater input. Ventilation down to the Atlantic Water layer in the Nansen Basin allowed for a stronger connectivity between subsurface heat and the sea ice and surface ocean via elevated upward heat fluxes. The Yermak Plateau and Fram Strait regions were characterized by heterogeneous water mass distributions, energetic ocean currents, and stronger lateral gradients in surface water properties in frontal regions. Together with the presented results and core parameters, we offer context for interdisciplinary research, fostering an improved understanding of the complex, coupled Arctic System.

A Multidimensional Exploration of the Interplay between Human Health and Environmental Factors

This research article explores the relationship between human health and the environment, emphasizing the dire need for a holistic view to understand and addressing health challenges. Drawing upon interdisciplinary perspectives from environmental science, public health, epidemiology, and social sciences, the study investigates different environmental factors for example air and water quality, biodiversity loss, environment change, and pollution, and their impact on human health outcomes. Moreover, the paper discusses the relevance of ecosystem services in supporting human health and well-being and examines the potential of nature-based solutions for mitigating health risks associated with environmental degradation. human activities and health-related behaviors exert substantial pressure on the environment. Industrialization, urbanization, and unsustainable resource consumption degrade ecosystems, compromise biodiversity, and exacerbate climate change, thereby threatening environmental health. Deforestation, for instance, not only diminishes biodiversity but also amplifies the risk of zoonotic diseases transmission, as human encroachment brings humans closer to wildlife habitats. Promoting sustainable practices, such as renewable energy adoption and waste reduction, can mitigate environmental degradation while fostering public health. Additionally, enhancing access to healthcare services, particularly in underserved areas, and implementing policies to regulate pollution and safeguard natural resources are paramount. By elucidating the interconnectedness between health and the environment, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of the challenges facing global health and provides insights for developing effective policies and interventions to promote sustainable development and improve population health outcomes.

개념 디자인에서의 AI의 활용에 관한 연구

Machine learning(ml) was already developed in the 1940s, but its application value was low due to limited computational power and lack of data. Since then, based on advancements in computer technology and data accumulation, artificial intelligence, particularly machine learning, has gained interdisciplinary attention as a tool for providing insights in the field of design. Recently, numerous prior studies on image generation using artificial intelligence have emerged, reflecting this growing interest. However, from a practical standpoint, there are several criticisms: the images generated by machine learning often lack the resolution required by designers, and they fall short in providing original images. It is worth examining whether the perspectives of these prior studies are becoming teleologically biased. Therefore, this study aims to explore the gap between interdisciplinary discussions and practical applications, seeking to bridge this gap and integrate AI-generated image creation into practical use. This research is based on a literature review of Generative Adversarial Networks(GANs) in machine learning(ml), examining whether the images generated are acceptable from the perspective of product designers. Based on this, we will use text mining methods to perform clustering, information extraction, and sentiment analysis to understand consumer attitudes. Through this approach, we aim to explore the potential use of AI in product design from the standpoint of consumers and practitioners rather than an interdisciplinary perspective.

A study on Ethics, Integrity, and Trust in Research: An Interdisciplinary Perspective

This research article explores the interconnectedness of research ethics, integrity, and trust from several vantage points. This research seeks to expand our knowledge of the complex nature of ethical issues and t heir impact on research integrity and trust by incorporating views from a wide range of disciplines. Autonomy, beneficence, fairness, and non-maleficence are some of the cornerstones of research ethics that are discussed in this article. Informed permission, privacy, conflicts of interest, and the use of human and animal subjects are only few of the ethical issues that are discussed, along with their implications throughout the study process. Research ethics committees, institutional frameworks, and ethical norms are all considered in terms of their respective roles in encouraging ethical behaviour and upholding research integrity. The article also explores the effects of research misconduct and other ethical lapses on public faith in the scientific community and the reliability of research findings. It stresses the significance of research practises that are both open and responsible for building and maintaining credibility. This research article concludes by emphasising the necessity of ethics, integrity, and trust in research, and pointing out the importance of multidisciplinary cooperation, strong supervision systems, and education in promoting and upholding these values.

Building Inclusive Narratives: Methodological Strategies for Creating Stories in Teacher Trainingand University Outreach

The presented methodological and interdisciplinary experience implies a synergy between teaching and university extension at the National University of Costa Rica. The main purpose is to develop learning experiences that foster collaboration, recognition of diversity, and disciplinary encounters in initial teacher education. A total of 48 fourth-level students in Special Education and third-level students in Preschool Education, organized into 12 mixed groups of four individuals each, participated in this initiative along with academic-extensionists from the project "Literacy: A perspective for the construction of inclusive reading environments". The pedagogical proposal is based on the methodology systematized by teacher Oscar Jara, but it is adapted and enriched through three key moments: the initial experience of training in "creating inclusive stories", the interdisciplinary itinerary, and the resulting reflections. During six in-person pedagogical meetings at UNA, aspects of language development were addressed from an interdisciplinary perspective, with an emphasis on Universal Design for Learning (UDL). The result was the creation of 12 inclusive stories, developed according to the principles of UDL. Through workshop dynamics and reflections, the feelings and thoughts of the participants were reconstructed, thus enriching the initial teacher training experience with an interdisciplinary approach. It is worth noting that this experience enhances the formation of the professional profile, promoting reflective skills, respect, dialogue, and joint construction, in line with regulations on inclusive education and early childhood. In conclusion, this initiative demonstrates how university teaching can promote the training of future professionals committed to inclusion and respect for diversity, through interdisciplinary approaches that foster a deeper and more coherent pedagogical practice with the current demands of the educational field.

Training for conducting conversations professionally across domains – comparing communication training in biology teacher and medical education

ABSTRACT In higher education, the training of students’ communicative skills necessary for conducting professional conversations is gaining attention across domains – including medical and teacher education. Although teachers need communicative and content-specific knowledge for subject conversations on biological topics, biology-specific communication training is rare. Research on an interdisciplinary perspective on communication training, with the use of simulated conversations with standardised interlocutors, would close this gap. This study compares such training in medical and biology teacher education. We questioned pre-service biology teachers (n = 25) and medical students (n = 31) participating in communication training about their fear of failure in future professional conversations, and their perceived utility value of communication training. After some input, single participants in both groups simulated a conversation with a standardised caregiver or patient. Both training sessions ended with reflections on the simulation. Our results of t-tests and ANOVA indicate that training in subject conversations about sex education reduced the fear of failure, increased the perceived utility value, and indicate that future physicians and pre-service biology teachers benefit comparably from training. The findings and limitations of the study are discussed.