Interdisciplinary Issues Research Articles

Scientific approaches to determining the economic growth of an enterprise

The article presents the results of a study of interdisciplinary issues related to the definition of economic growth of an enterprise. The relevance of this study is due to the fact that in scientific publications characterizing the economic aspects of organizational growth, scholars do not specify what growth is meant. Such circumstances significantly blur the contours of research. In order to organize the scientific work on determining the economic growth of an enterprise, the author identifies two principal areas of research – functional and capital. The functional direction is inherent in most publications that focus on strategy and business management. The main idea of such studies is that growth is considered as an external form of development, demonstrating the presence of signs of system development based on the positive dynamics of its target parameters, including economic ones. The content of economic growth of an enterprise within the functional area is clarified through the prism of interrelated categories, such as organizational capacity, development goals, quality of economic growth, strategies and potential of enterprise development. The second area of research on the economics of organizational growth, the capital one, defines the phenomenon under study in the context of the modern provisions of the theory of enterprise capital and economic value. The economic logic of organizational growth is presented as an organic integrity of processes, relations and results of capital formation. And the essence of economic growth is interpreted as the positive dynamics of organizational value, which is a consequence of the processes of capital formation at the enterprise, which take place in an objective and incorporated space on the basis of interaction and relationships of differentiated types of capital. The development of the capital direction of the study of economic growth allows to substantiate both the parametric and criterion base for its identification and evaluation, and to consider economic ways to ensure the achievement of value results of organizational development.

COVID-19 detection and classification: key AI challenges and recommendations for the way forward

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a viral pneumonia that is found in China and has spread globally. Early diagnosis is important for effective and timely treatment. Thus, many ongoing studies attempt to solve key COVID-19 problems such as workload classification, detection, and differentiation from other pneumonia and healthy lungs using different imaging modalities. Researchers have identified some limitations in the deployment of deep learning methods to detect COVID-19, but there are still unmet challenges to be addressed. The use of binary classifiers or building classifiers based on only a few classes is some of the limitations that most of the existing research on the COVID-19 classification problem suffers from. Additionally, most prior studies have focused on model or ensemble models that depend on a flat single-feature imaging modality without using any clinical information or benefiting from the hierarchical structure of pneumonia, which leads to clinical challenges, and evaluated their systems using a small public dataset. Additionally, reliance on diagnostic processes based on CT as the main imaging modality, ignoring chest X-rays. Radiologists, computer scientists, and physicians all need to come to an understanding of these interdisciplinary issues. This article first highlights the challenges of deep learning deployment for COVID-19 detection using a literature review and document analysis. Second, it provides six key recommendations that could assist future researchers in this field in improving the diagnostic process for COVID-19. However, there is a need for a collective effort from all of them to consider the provided recommendations to effectively solve these issues.

The Forest Policy Process, Regulatory, and Institutional Frameworks in Ethiopia

The purpose of the study is to examine the trends of the forest policy process, its responses, legal frameworks, institutional developments, stakeholder relations, and stakeholder roles, as well as the major driving causes of the forest policy, regulatory, and institutional practices in Ethiopia. A qualitative content analysis method was employed for the study. The review of the literature is fundamentally based on data sources from archival and review of relevant empirical studies, as well as policy, legal, and strategy documents, supplemented with data sources from six key informants from the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (FDRE) Ministry of Agriculture, FDRE Forest Development, and FDRE Environment Protection Authority who have relevant leadership and professional responsibilities in relation to forest policy, legal, and interdisciplinary issues. The result of the findings indicated that the trends were top-down and coercive. Moreover, the historical legacies of forest policy, legal, and institutional frameworks of past regimes have immensely affected the performance of the current forest policy and regulatory frameworks and their institutional strengths. Such an operation hindered public participation and resulted in poor forest policy outcomes. Therefore, the study recommends the urgency of creating strong inter-sectoral coordination in forest-related matters, ensuring participation, freeing institutional mandate allocation from the influence of the agriculture sector by balancing forest conservation and agriculture intensification, ensuring independent forest regulatory bodies across the tiers, providing the necessary implementation directives and guidelines, and giving adequate support to discharge their roles at the grassroots community level, as suggested. Key terms : Forest policy, regulatory, institutional framework, Ethiopia DOI: 10.7176/PPAR/13-3-02 Publication date: April 30 th 2023

Aspect and tense forms of the Russian verb in describing the kinesic behaviour of the characters in A.P. Chekhov’s stories

Non-verbal semiotics is one of the leading areas of modern communication research. The study is devoted to the topical interdisciplinary issue - the relationship between non-verbal semiotics and Russian grammar. The aim of the research is to characterize the representation of the temporal forms of the Russian verb in describing the kinesic behaviour of literary characters. The elements of nonverbal semiotics were analysed in the stories by A.P. Chekhov “Death of an Official”, “Chameleon”, “Thick and Thin”, “Horse Name”, “Surgery”. The following methods were used as the main ones: descriptive, semantic explication, differential, analytical. The methodological foundations of kinesics as an integrative science were considered, the correlation between the verbal realization of kinema and the temporal forms of the Russian verb was revealed. It has been proved that the most recurrent manifestations of non-verbal semiotics in Chekhov's stories are communicative emblems (in particular, etiquette and ritual), symptomatic emblems and dynamic descriptors, nominated with the help of aspect and tense forms of the Russian verb. Emblems-illustrators are quantitatively less represented in the analyzed stories. They are prospective for further research on the example of Russian literary classics.

The influence of factors on the architectural and environmental organization of underground scientific and research complexes

The history of development and development of the underground space is known since the time of the first settlements in cave-like structures on the territory of modern Turkey, Tunisia, and the Crimean Peninsula. In the course of the evolutionary development of science and technology, the fields of astrophysics, nuclear physics, and elementary particle physics reached their peak in the 20th century. Since the vast majority of scientific and experimental research carried out in the field of physics requires special laboratory conditions that are as free as possible from the influence of cosmic radiation and radioactive isotopes, the construction of underground research complexes has also achieved active development. During the research, the fundamental works of a number of scientists were analyzed. Conceptual approaches to the development of underground space are considered in the scientific works of Han Admiral and Antonia Cornaro, in the doctoral dissertation of Kenneth B. Lebs. Peculiarities of the urban planning organization of the underground space are studied in the works of: G. I. Hayko, E. Reynolds, L. von der Tann, R. Sterling, Sh. Narang Suri, A. Wright. The problems of global experience in the design of underground buildings and structures were embodied in the works of P. Stones, T. Yung Heng, G.I. Hayko, and N.D. Panktrova. Interdisciplinary issues in the use of underground space are discussed in the works of H. Braun, N.A. Bakhtadze, V. Biletskyi, P. Kh. Gilberta. The spatial and planning organization of underground and surface laboratories is considered in the works of A. Bettini, Aldo Ianni, E. Kochia, K. G. Ryzhkova The article presents groups of factors that have an impact on the structural organization of the environment of underground research complexes. The analysis of the influence of the main factors on the urban planning, spatial and functional structure of underground research complexes was carried out. It was established that the formation of the underground environment is influenced by the following groups of factors: engineering-geological, technological, natural-climatic, urban planning, constructive, economic, legislative, ecological, architectural and planning. A general description of each group of factors is given. It is proposed to consider the above factors from the point of view of a complex approach as closely interconnected structures that influence each other and the formation of the final structure of the underground research complex.

Interdisciplinary Production Risk Exploration: A Grounded Approach to Integrate Data- and Knowledge-Driven Analytics

In the age of disruption, rapidly evolving conditions in manufacturing necessitate effective capabilities to identify and manage production risks. Some of the most challenging risks in this context emerge from interdisciplinary issues that cannot easily be addressed by methods and tools within a single discipline, such as mechanical, electrical, or automation engineering. To enable comprehensive analysis of such interdisciplinary production risks, we propose Interdisciplinary Production Risk Exploration (IPRE) as a structured, data-driven methodology. IPRE integrates data with fragmented knowledge of production engineers, process experts, and data analysts across domains to identify and characterize production risks to guide data-analytic processes. We evaluate the approach in a case study on a hairpin production process at Volkswagen AG. The study results show that validated hypotheses can effectively focus data analysis on the most critical quality factors and thereby significantly reduce the number of quality criteria that need to be analyzed. Furthermore, the study shows how IPRE can be effectively integrated into the production process.

Domestic economic elites as an intellectual and innovative mechanism for increasing the competitiveness of companies in the conditions of global social transformations

The article presents the results of research into the interdisciplinary issues of the formation and development of intra-economic elites as a key innovative-intellectual mechanism and a corporate resource for ensuring the competitiveness of companies under modern conditions. The need for the selection and continuous development of intra-economic elites, the dissemination of the best corporate practices with the help of focused, highly effective educational technologies has been defined and substantiated. In order to build a consistent process of forming and increasing the intellectual and innovative potential of companies, the feasibility of using micro-qualifications or micro-credit approaches to the educational training of the most effective groups of employees of companies that form or have been included in the intra-economic elite is substantiated.

Food Toxicology and Food Safety: Report of the 3rd International Electronic Conference on Foods: Food, Microbiome, and Health-A Celebration of the 10th Anniversary of Foods' Impact on Our Wellbeing.

The purpose of the conference session summarized in this article was to bring together international experts on food toxicology and food safety and share the current scientific knowledge on these topics. The presentations covered a wide range of interdisciplinary issues, including (i) the impact of diet on body weight and health outcomes including results from animal models of carcinogenesis, (ii) methods for microbial oil extraction, (iii) food processing and its impact on food safety and health, (iv) novel compounds to avoid mycotoxin contamination of agricultural products, and (v) the safety of cannabidiol in food supplements based on Cannabis sativa extracts. Some of the conclusions of the presentations included that correct food choices may impact on the risk of non-communicable diseases such as cancer, that food processing may have an influence on health, by either reducing or increasing risks, and that research regarding novel compounds is important, which may have preventive but also detrimental effects on health.

A Brazilian Response to 20th Century School Infrastructure Planning

Taking school spaces as an interdisciplinary issue encompassing the fields of education, architecture, and urbanism/urban planning, this article gathers theoretical and technical references from among these disciplines throughout the first half of the 20th century in order to locate possible exchanges carried out by Anísio Teixeira while shaping his Park-school, Class-schools program. The argument rests on the reading of documents taken from a variety of circumstances in his career as an educational administrator, even though not necessarily produced by him. The aim is to encourage a debate regarding a Brazilian response to the international challenge of providing a spatial infrastructure consistent with a modern school program. Keywords: school space, modern architecture, urban planning, historiography, circulation of ideas, Anísio Teixeira

Career Path Choices of Vocational School Students in the Context of Their Entrepreneurial Abilities, General Aptitude, and Hope for Success

The right choice of career path for young people deciding to attend vocational school can prove to be an important factor not only for future educational success, but also for a successful transition from education to work. It is, on the one hand, a key developmental challenge for young people entering adulthood and, on the other, an expectation and concern for local authorities shaping education policy in the context of the needs of the local economy. The problem of a successful transition from education to work is, then, an interdisciplinary issue, related to both psychology (individual differences) and the management of local development oriented towards providing the local economy with the necessary competences for work. Therefore, it is also and actually first and foremost, an important challenge for career counselling and for young people. The article presents an empirical study of 3,577 vocational and technical school students, covering 1,080 female and 2,497 male students, conducted in 19 schools in Poznań in 27 fields of study using questionnaires and psychological tests to determine entrepreneurial abilities (KUP), hope for success (KNS) and general aptitude (APIS). Our analyses of the research results led us to claim that there is a relationship between entrepreneurial abilities, general aptitude and hope for success and the career path choices of vocational school students. It was shown, with the use of artificial intelligence, that on the basis of the results of questionnaires measuring these student characteristics, a prediction can be made about the choice of further career or educational direction. The results of the analysis using AI can support career counselling for vocational students and the development of a career counselling system at this and earlier stages of education.

Single‐cell/nanoparticle trajectories reveal two‐tier Lévy‐like interactions across bacterial swarms

AbstractSwarming bacteria can organize themselves into different local communities, ranging from active cell rafts to reticular biofilms. How millions of motile and immotile cells are dynamically linked together and still function as a whole is a critical interdisciplinary issue. Besides biochemical and molecular characterizations, concerns on the microscopic communication mechanisms underlying the complicated microsystem have been largely simplified to biophysics or physical interactions between individual isolated bacteria. Herein, by single‐cell tracking of fluorescent bacteria in the motile cell layer and single‐particle tracking of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in the upper fluid layer in different regions across a swarming colony of Bacillus subtilis, we studied collective multibacteria interactions, using the upper fluid as the medium, in detail. While the dynamic properties differ spatially, both cell migrations and AuNP transports in the swarming edge, the intermediate and the biofilm‐like center regions of the colony can be described with the Lévy‐walk‐like superdiffusion model. Moreover, the speed and motion range of the AuNPs are always much smaller than the bacteria, indicating that the intercellular fluid flow alone cannot explain long‐range cell‐to‐cell signaling. Referring to previous literature, we propose the presence of a decentralized two‐tier “active‐mixing” network in the bacterial community for efficient information exchange.

The information technology and communication stressors impact on workers’ health

The information, computer and communication technologies (ICT) impact on workers’ health is one of the actual interdisciplinary issues of modern science and practice. Numerous studies and observations have revealed negative impact of ICT on workers’ health. Just in Russia today about 40-45 million people employed in various fields of activity are at the ICT-risk group. The ICT negative impact on human body is manifested through the information technology and communication stressors (TICS). However, this impact’s mechanism requires to be clearer, and scientific results that have been already obtained on this issue should be summarized and evaluated now. The purpose of this research is to study the TICS impact on workers’ health by means of analyzing and systematizing modern researches’ results. The article reviews the scientific literature dealing with a «computer syndrome» and «information fatigue syndrome» which follow prolonged work with a computer, information and communication overloads. The article considers features of the TICS impact on various components of workers’ health. We have found that main sources of the TICS occurrence include direct computer effects (radiation, noise, etc.), stressful conditions of work with information, destructive information content, information pollution and compelled communications. The TICS results include a wide range of functional health disorders and diseases. The article contains analysis of the TICS impact’s mechanism, which can be generally represented by an influence chain: the ICT use → the TICS occurrence → body tension → stress → functional health disorders → exhaustion → burnout → diseases. The research indicates burnout as the most important consequence of the information and communication risks impact, and as widely spreading today to various professional groups of workers. Relationship between the ICT and the burnout is also analyzed. The research’s practical significance is stipulated by a necessity to develop the hygiene of informatized and computerized labor due to increasing in health risks for citizens working with the ICT. Ethics. The study didn’t require the Ethics Committee resolution.

The Interdisciplinary Responsible Management Competence Framework: An Integrative Review of Ethics, Responsibility, and Sustainability Competences

At the centre of responsible management (RM) learning is the development of managerial competence for ethics, responsibility, and sustainability (ERS). Important contributions have been made from each: the ethics, responsibility, and sustainability disciplines. However, we are yet to integrate these disciplinary contributions into a comprehensive interdisciplinary RM competence framework that corresponds to the interdisciplinary nature of RM challenges. We address this priority in this paper and report on the findings of an integrative structured literature review of 224 management competence articles across the ERS disciplines. Our thematic template analysis has produced an interdisciplinary RM competence framework of three layers of personal, behavioural, and intellectual competences and independent and interdependent competence dimensions. The resulting 3 × 2 competence matrix framework accommodates 33 interdisciplinary ERS competence themes and 90 subthemes in the six competence domains of being and becoming, acting and interacting, knowing and thinking. To the RM discussion, we contribute an interdisciplinary competence framework that enables the development of responsible managers who tackle the inherently interdisciplinary issues of RM. To the competence discussion, we contribute the interdependent competence dimension and future research directions through the lens of response-ability.JBE Section: Business Ethics Learning and Education

Challenges of Clinical Practice Guidelines Adaptation in Iran: Lesson learned for Low and Middle-Income Countries.

Background: Developing a clinical practice guideline (CPG) is very time-consuming, expensive, and requires specialized knowledge; therefore, when an up-to-date and quality CPG is available, it is logical to adapt it according to local conditions. So this study aimed to identify the challenges of CPGs adaptation in Iran to help improve it and provide lessons for low and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods: This was a qualitative study that was conducted in 2019. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 participants from two levels, groups involved in the CPGs adaptation process, from research centers and specialized medical associations and policymakers and planners in CPG development and adaptation from the Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MoHME). Results: The identified challenges were classified into two basic and operational categories. Basic challenges include believing the need for CPGs adaptation, attention to CPGs adaptation in evaluation and reward systems, access to financial resources, and supervision of the adaptation process. Also, operational challenges were adaptation methodology, forming an adaptation team, consensus on interdisciplinary issues, changing programs and priorities, and external barriers in the work progress path. Conclusion: The main challenges of CPGs adaptation in Iran, as one of the LMICs, are related to education, financing, and supervision of adaptation process steps. The most significant proposed interventions to overcome the current obstacles in countries with similar contexts are holding new training courses and programs for these CPG users at different headquarters' and environmental levels, establishing an appropriate motivating system, designing an integrated adaptation system focusing on organizing related supervision affairs like planning, policy-making, and supervision at the MoHME and universities level.

Reducing ocean plastic pollution: Locally led initiatives catalyzing change in South and Southeast Asia

Reducing land-based plastic leakage into the ocean is a complex interdisciplinary issue that includes technical, social and policy components and involves a multitude of stakeholders across government, private, and non-governmental organizations. ASEAN national governments have made significant political commitments dedicated to improving SWM and recycling markets that ultimately strive to mitigate ocean bound plastic waste [1,2]. In support and alignment with ASEAN countries’ commitments to reducing ocean plastic pollution by improving existing waste management strategies and implementing innovative reduction programs, the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) funded the Municipal Waste Recycling Program (MWRP) to help local institutions leverage their limited resources for lasting impact and systematic change [3]. In this study, 27 MWRP projects funded in Indonesia, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, and Vietnam are examined for raising awareness, catalyzing behavior change, strengthening the capacity of local governments to create and implement policy and regulations, improving communication across stakeholders, and empowering marginalized groups such as women and informal waste collectors. This study is a quantitative and descriptive analysis that compiles data from the MWRP to understand successes, limitations, and challenges of these collaborative projects, and then identifies overall lessons learned in implementing small initiatives to reduce ocean plastic pollution. The project activities resulted in over 7.3 million people engaged and 2737 jobs created the majority for women and women in typically male-dominated jobs. Fifty-six new policies, regulations, or enforcement measures were passed and 82 new public with private partnership agreements were signed. A total of 11,087 metric tons of plastic was diverted from the environment and kept out of the ocean.

Climate Change Dynamics and Modeling: Future Perspectives

This preface to the Special Issue titled “Climate Change Dynamics and Modeling: Future Perspectives” presents eight articles, largely focused on a range of interdisciplinary issues related to climatic changes [...]

Цифровизация гражданского оборота в контексте цифровой социально-экономической парадигмы: основные проблемы и перспективы развития

Introduction: the active development of digital technologies sets innovative research goals for the scientific community, and therefore digital socio-economic interaction should be provided with an appropriate regulatory framework. Among the most important problems is the solution of interdisciplinary issues related to the digitalization of property turnover. The purpose of the study is to consider the key interdisciplinary research and practical problems of digitalization of property turnover and to develop the main directions of development of the phenomenon under study. To achieve this goal, some tasks were set and implemented, namely: the analysis of the current state of the digital environment, property turnover, legislation, and scientific doctrine; the identification of research and practical problems related to digital currency, smart contracts, and digital trade; the justification of the proposed ways to solve interdisciplinary research and practical problems. Methods: the study was conducted using the comparative law method and the modeling method. The identification of interdisciplinary research and practical problems, as well as methods of their solving, was based on the methods of ascent from the abstract to the concrete, induction, and deduction. As a result of the implementation of the research objectives using the general scientific and specific scientific methods described above, the constitutive features of the key elements of property turnover in the digital environment, such as digital currency, smart contract, electronic commerce, have been determined. Results: both doctrinal and practical problems related to the essence and features of the above elements, as well as the legal regulation of relations concerned, have been identified. These elements are considered in two dimensions: in the information system and in the legal field. In addition, significant gaps have been identified in the regulatory framework of relations concerned; the impossibility of applying the classical regime of civil rights objects and document management rules to digital objects and processes has been substantiated. Conclusions: based on the results of the study, specific ways of solving interdisciplinary theoretical and practical problems of digitalization of property turnover have been proposed, which are of great importance for both scientific and practical research in the field of law.

Parametric building forms rationalizing the incident direct solar irradiation

The article presents an innovative procedure that allows for an analysis of the influence of the shape and mutual arrangement of external building partitions on the amount of the direct solar irradiation incident on these partitions during a heating season. The conducted analysis related interdisciplinary issues in the field of solar radiation, unconventional forms of buildings and artificial neural networks. The developed algorithm made it possible to obtain a relationship between the general building form and the amount of their radiation falling on the facade walls and roof of the examined building type. The developed artificial network allows the above irradiation to be calculated during the changes in the geometrical characteristics of the utilized type of buildings and design of effective building forms and rational arrangements of their external solar partitions. The satellite data and online tools published on the website of the European Commission are used. The practicable ranges of the relative changes in the amount of the incident direct irradiation and the corresponding values of the independent variables defining the considered building forms are given, which is an important hint for the application of the obtained results in the design and further research works on more complex relationships.

Digital twin enabled sustainable urban road planning

Sustainable urban road planning should endeavor to meet current and future traffic-related demands and achieve financial, environmental, and social benefits, which is a complex and interdisciplinary issue that needs to consider various factors and data. Multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) can provide reasonable solutions, and some existing studies integrated MCDM with geographic information system (GIS) technology. This paper presents an urban road planning approach based on digital twin (DT), MCDM, and GIS called DT-MCDM-GIS framework. DT can digitalize the physical world to provide various data for the whole process; MCDM can provide criteria and evaluation methods; GIS can provide an integrated environment for analysis. Building demolition and land use, traffic congestion, driving route selection habits, air quality, and noise are all considered in the framework for urban road planning. The proposed approach can provide a functional, economic, people-friendly, eco-friendly urban road planning scheme considering new road construction and existing old road widening to alleviate traffic congestion and provide an alternative route for drivers that conforms to their habits.

МАРКЕТИНГОВА СИСТЕМА УПРАВЛІННЯ КОНКУРЕНТОСПРОМОЖНІСТЮ БІЗНЕСУ: ДИЗАЙН ПІДПРИЄМНИЦЬКИХ СТРУКТУР, УРАХУВАННЯ МАКРОЕКОНОМІЧНИХ ТА ГЛОБАЛЬНИХ ПРОБЛЕМ СУЧАСНОСТІ

The research focuses on the important interdisciplinary issue of the agile marketing management systems implementations under the design stage of the entrepreneurship structures. Today the entrepreneurship ecosystem is under massive impact of global and macroeconomic challenges, actualized by different instances of global problems and behavioral factors. The competitiveness of the entrepreneurship structures depends upon the agile marketing systems of market data processing. The task is to show the great role of global changes and local response of the target audience behavior. During the process of the decision-making, the entrepreneurship structures are analyzing the statistical data to ensure that the decision is correct, or wrong. There are different sources of marketing data to manage competitiveness in international business environment. More available and accessible data is the statistic – obtained during the sales, processing, manufacturing, etc. also, if the market is new for the business, we can analyze macroeconomic, branch or local statistics to create the strategy or approve the decisions for the entrepreneurship design. Another possibility, which does not replace but complements the existing data sources, is the behavioral data from the services like Google analytics, Google trends, Google ads, other behavioral data sources, available online. The Agile-marketing concept let the marketing manager use combined data sources in the decision-making process. Agility in the decision-making and data processing is the key to the competitiveness building during the entrepreneur structures design process. The macroeconomic and global challenges, provoked by the global problems of today are important – among them, ecology problems, education problem, hunger, global partnership building, etc. These problems are important for the social responsible marketing systems, gaining popularity all over the world. Also, competitiveness depends upon the agility in the marketingmix of the entrepreneur structures – the speed of response and decision-making in the changing or undefined environment. During the market research, the results may show that the strategy is correct, but some elements of marketing-mix are misused – in this circumstances the marketing-mix must be changed immediately. This is the agile marketing management systems main task in the changing market environment.