Interdisciplinary Approach Research Articles

Pancreas: Comic biography of an organ.

The comic biography of the pancreas presented in this project integrates narrative-based medicine (NBM) with graphic storytelling to explore the subjective experiences of patients with pancreatic diseases. By combining scientific and humanistic perspectives, the comic format captures the complexity of illness, illustrating not only the physical but also the emotional and social challenges faced by patients. Using in-depth interviews and an interdisciplinary approach, the project transforms personal illness stories into visually engaging narratives, promoting greater public awareness and empathetic understanding of pancreatic conditions. This method bridges the gap between medical knowledge and personal experiences, offering a more inclusive and multidimensional representation of the disease.

Histopathologic spectrum and clinical management of pharyngeal and laryngeal sarcomas.

Sarcomas are rare mesenchymal malignancies (<1% of all cancer types), with 5-15% occurring in the head and neck. Common types include osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma. They often recur and have poor survival rates. Treatment involves surgery, radiation, and/or chemotherapy, utilizing a multidisciplinary approach. This study aims to overview sarcomas at our hospital and illustrate the interdisciplinary management of pharyngeal and laryngeal cases. This single-center study provides a comprehensive analysis of head and neck sarcomas (HNS) and examines interdisciplinary treatment approaches for pharyngeal and laryngeal sarcomas in patients treated at the Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Technical University of Munich, from 2007 to 2022. The study encompasses data on age, gender, histopathological diagnoses, treatment modalities, follow-up, and outcomes, with an emphasis on histopathological findings and collaborative therapeutic strategies. 27 cases of HNS were identified (2007-2022). Among these, 11 were pharyngeal or laryngeal sarcomas. All pharyngeal sarcomas underwent primary resection with reconstruction based on tumor location and extent. In laryngeal sarcomas, three required laryngectomy, one had a hemilaryngectomy, and one patient opted for primary radiochemotherapy over laryngopharyngectomy. Adjuvant radiotherapy was given in 5 cases, and radiochemotherapy in 3. Diagnoses included a range of soft tissue and bone sarcomas, such as liposarcoma, synovial sarcoma, and osteosarcoma. During the study period, 4 patients survived, 5 patients were noted as deceased, and survival data for 2 patients remain unavailable. Patients exhibited an average survival of 7,6 (± 10,4) years. The survival times within this limited patient population exhibit significant variation. Histologically, a wide spectrum of low and high-grade soft tissue and bone sarcomas were diagnosed including liposarcoma, synovial sarcoma, Ewing, osteo- or chondrosarcoma. HNS are rare and challenging to treat. Surgery is the primary treatment, with postoperative radiotherapy recommended for incomplete resections or high-risk subtypes. Advanced surgical techniques and reconstruction allow for radical resections while preserving function. Incorporating genetic insights and better sarcoma classification can further optimize treatments.

The Advancement of Elderly Care: Development and Application of an Interdisciplinary Outpatient Dementia Care Consultation Module

With population aging, dementia has become a significant global health issue. Most people with dementia live in the community, are cared for by family members, and face complex and multifaceted care challenges. In line with Taiwan's Long-Term Care 2.0 policy, the Integrated Dementia Care Centers now established in many hospitals and linked with dementia clinic systems at the local level provide home care consultations and referrals. However, the primary focus of these centers remains on basic health education and post-diagnosis resource referral services. Thus, they lack an interdisciplinary approach, making it difficult to offer tailored, integrated care for people with dementia and their families. Therefore, integrating care intervention strategies from various fields to provide tailored and continuous care services is important. This article explores existing domestic and international dementia care consultation modules, introduces the integrated "Dementia Interdisciplinary Care Consultation Module" developed by our team, and discusses the applicability of and offers recommendations regarding this module. The developed module is intended to serve as a reference resource for outpatient medical staff and dementia case managers during health education consultations, and may be adopted into the training materials used by dementia care professionals and referenced in future domestic dementia care policy formulation work. The overall goal is to enhance the efficiency of outpatient dementia care consultations by ameliorating / resolving issues such as resource fragmentation, poor coordination, and service overlap, thereby improving the quality of family care provided to people with dementia.

Operationalising “loveability”: an interdisciplinary approach to enriching quality of life experiences in cities through creative cultural spaces

Operationalising “loveability”: an interdisciplinary approach to enriching quality of life experiences in cities through creative cultural spaces

FELSEFE-BİLİM İLİŞKİLERİ: DİSİPLİNLERARASI YAKLAŞIM BAĞLAMINDA EPİSTEMOLOJİK ANALİZ

In the article, some epistemological features of philosophy-science relations in the modern stage are discussed through the prism of an interdisciplinary approach. It is emphasized that since the field of interdisciplinary research has its own research methodology and methods, it also brings a special content to philosophy-science relations. Within this approach, the term “interdisciplinarity” can be considered as a scientific cognitive position with its unique approach, research methodology and methods. In the article, methodological principles such as relativism, contextualism, intersubjectivity and perspectivism are used in the prism of systemic interactions, which are characteristic of an interdisciplinary approach. System research and providing integrative dynamics are used as methods. Scientific innovation is related to the thesis that philosophy-science relations in the modern stage are one of the parameters of the scientific-technological-social “system” or “network”. One of the concrete manifestations of this is the increasing role of the cultural context in philosophy-science relations.

Monsters

Through a performative and interdisciplinary approach, the video essay Monsters invites viewers to consider the unique ability of comics to represent mental states of young adults and children who struggle with eating disorders (EDs). We use close readings of a selection of panels from two Norwegian comics, the graphic short story “Sulten” (Hunger/Hungry, Neverdahl, 2007) and the graphic novel Hva skjedde egentlig med deg? (What Really Happened to You?) (Jordahl, 2020), to reframe utterances made by ED-patients during therapy. This reframing, which is both literal and metaphoric, is meant to illustrate how comics can create a sensorial space where the difficult emotions associated with EDs can be heard, felt, recognized and articulated. Given the puzzling nature and the social taboo of EDs, the video essay and the accompanying statement bring attention to the therapeutic and pedagogic possibilities inherent in comics like those discussed.

Multidisciplinary Education in the Wake of COVID-19: Equipping Future Scholars to Address Global Crises

This study explores the evolution and effectiveness of multidisciplinary education in addressing global challenges of the 21st century, particularly the COVID-19 pandemic and climate change, across three universities: Harvard University (USA), the University of Cape Town (UCT) (South Africa), and Makerere University (Uganda). The research examines how these institutions have integrated interdisciplinary approaches to respond to complex global issues. Data was collected from 35 participants (faculty, students, and administrators) through semi-structured interviews, document analysis, and case studies. The study finds that universities have increasingly adopted interdisciplinary models, with Harvard’s Global Health and Planetary Health programs, UCT’s Global Change Institute, and Makerere’s focus on sustainable development through collaborations in public health, agriculture, and engineering. The research also highlights the critical role of digital tools (AI, big data, and VR) in enhancing interdisciplinary collaboration, especially during the pandemic. Despite challenges such as institutional resistance and resource limitations, these universities have implemented strategies like faculty development programs, cross-departmental initiatives, and international partnerships to overcome barriers. The study concludes that interdisciplinary education is vital for addressing global challenges and provides recommendations to strengthen institutional support, enhance faculty development, leverage technology, adopt alternative assessments, address resource constraints, and encourage curriculum flexibility to foster cross-disciplinary knowledge.

Features of implementing business models based on sustainable development

The article examines the features of implementing business models oriented toward the principles of sustainable development. It focuses on the integration of environmental, social, and economic factors into strategic management processes. The objective of the study is to identify methodological approaches, tools, and factors influencing the implementation of sustainable models across various industries and regions. The methodology is based on an analysis of scientific literature and empirical data, which enabled the identification of effective practices and the recognition of gaps in existing approaches. Sources include scientific articles by international authors available in open access, as well as materials found online, allowing for a comprehensive examination of the topic. Among the tools highlighted are digital platforms, monitoring systems, lifecycle assessment methods, and blockchain technologies, all of which enhance the transparency of supply chains. The results indicate that the successful adaptation of sustainable business models depends on the interplay of technological innovations, social responsibility, and local adaptation. Barriers to implementing such models include limited resources, cultural differences, and the absence of universal standards for evaluating their effectiveness. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of an interdisciplinary approach in developing sustainable development strategies, which is particularly relevant for organizations seeking to maintain long-term competitiveness. The study will be of interest to company executives, researchers, and consultants working on sustainable development issues.

Eco-pedagogy in chemistry education: challenging market-driven policies

Purpose This study aims to examine the impact of market-driven policies on adoption and integration of green chemistry into higher education in Saudi Arabia, uncovering challenges and opportunities faced by educators and institutions in promoting sustainable scientific education. Design/methodology/approach This study used a grounded theory methodology to explore the integration of green chemistry in Saudi Arabian higher education amid market-driven policies. In-depth interviews were conducted with 22 participants, and data were analyzed using a systematic coding process. Findings The study reveals that market-driven policies significantly influence the integration of green chemistry by prioritizing immediate economic returns over long-term sustainability goals. Key challenges include securing funding and aligning green chemistry with traditional curricula. Opportunities to promote sustainability through curricular reform and policy adaptation were identified. Research limitations/implications This study is limited to Saudi Arabian higher education, which may affect the generalizability of findings to other contexts. Practical implications Insights suggest policymakers should re-evaluate prioritization of short-term economic gains and develop incentives to integrate green chemistry. Institutions are encouraged to invest in faculty development, adopt interdisciplinary approaches and collaborate with industry and government. Social implications Integrating green chemistry into higher education promotes environmental stewardship and prepares future generations to address sustainability challenges. Institutions can shape environmentally conscious societies by fostering a culture of sustainability and ethical responsibilities. Originality/value This study contributes to discourse on sustainability in education by providing a grounded theoretical analysis of the dynamics between market-driven policies and green chemistry integration, offering insights for policymakers, educators and researchers.

Didactic voice-over in Secondary Education to develop integrated language skills and raise ecological awareness:

In recent years, there has been a significant expansion in the utilisation of ICT in language teaching and learning. In order to provide students with a quality education, teacher training is of paramount importance. Effective teacher training ensures that educators are well-equipped with the latest pedagogical strategies, technological tools, and interdisciplinary approaches necessary for fostering a dynamic and engaging learning environment. Furthermore, in view of the United Nations’ Agenda 2030, the efforts of teachers increasingly focus on promoting sustainability awareness. This holistic approach not only enhances the educational experience but also aligns with broader societal goals, making language education a powerful tool for positive change. This paper will present a case study with 14 pre-service secondary school teachers of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) in Spain. The purpose is to investigate whether pre-service teachers see feasible to implement DAT, particularly didactic voice-over, in the EFL classroom, and whether it can enhance integrated language skills and promote ecological awareness. The participants were initially introduced to DAT and its practical application within the recently research-led TRADILEX platform (Fernández-Costales, Talaván &amp; Tinedo-Rodríguez, 2023). Subsequently, participants were required to carry out a didactic voice-over lesson plan (LP) about the European-funded project Speak4Nature - Interdisciplinary Approaches on Ecological Justice. After submitting the 60-minute voice-over LP, created in accordance with the TRADILEX methodology (Talaván &amp; Lertola, 2022), participants were required to develop a second LP of the same duration, utilising the same video as a foundation and tailored to the specific needs of their target learners. In order to triangulate the data, participants’ opinions were gathered via a feedback questionnaire, an observation rubric completed by the two teacher-researchers, and a focus group involving five participants. The analysis yields encouraging findings, since pre-service EFL teachers perceived the integration of DAT in secondary education as potentially advantageous for fostering the development of integrated language skill and ecological awareness.

P-929. Identification and Treatment Outcomes of Patients with Infective Endocarditis Coinfected with Hepatitis C Virus

Abstract Background Patients with infective endocarditis (IE) often have co-morbid injection substance use and are at risk for infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV). As of 2023, only 10% of patients who inject drugs have been treated for HCV in the United States. Low rates of treatment may reflect the logistical challenges associated with HCV therapy. To improve access to treatment for patients with IE and HCV, we developed an interdisciplinary collaboration between pharmacy and clinical infectious diseases (ID) providers. Methods The University of Kentucky (UK) implemented a cardiovascular ID consult service in September 2021. The service including physicians, advanced practice providers, a pharmacist and nurse. The consult team worked with UK Healthcare specialty pharmacy to create a pathway connecting patients with IE and HCV to treatment and outpatient follow-up. Regimens included either glecaprevir/pibrentasvir for 8 weeks or sofosbuvir/velpatasvir for 12 weeks. IRB approval was obtained from UK. Study investigators then retrospectively reviewed the endocarditis team registry to identify patients referred for HCV treatment and collect demographic and outcomes related data. Results Between September 2021 and April 2024, 64 patients with IE and HCV who were referred for expedited treatment were identified. The mean age was 37.9 years and 40.6% were female. Sixty-two patients had recent injection drug use. Only 1 was treatment experienced and 51.6% had HCV genotype 1A. Seventy-five percent (48) started treatment and 57.8% were prescribed sofosbuvir/velpatasvir. Thirty-three of 48 (68.8%) patients who started treatment completed therapy. Of the 15 patients who did not complete treatment,10 were lost to follow-up and 3 had adverse drug reactions. Twenty-two of 48 had viral loads collected for SVR12 and 20 were negative. Conclusion Using a standardized, interdisciplinary approach, 31.3% of patients with IE and HCV completed treatment with documented evidence of SVR12. An additional 17% of patients completed therapy but were unable to complete testing for SVR12. Loss to follow-up remains the primary barrier to starting therapy and accurately recording treatment outcomes. Future efforts should focus on ease of access to treatment and follow-up. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Pathologies of joint endoprostheses : Histopathological diagnostics for endoprosthetic centers

Joint endoprosthetics is one of the most successful surgical-orthopedic procedures worldwide, enabling pain reduction and complete restoration of mobility. In the Federal Republic of Germany, around 400,000 joint endoprostheses, hip and knee joints are currently implanted every year ( https://www.eprd.de/de ) and around 30,000 replacement operations or revisions are carried out. Although there is constant optimization in the various technical and medical sectors of material development, construction, antibiotic therapy strategies, and surgical methodology of surgical joint replacement, factors that reduce service life and avariety of prosthesis-associated pathologies still exist. For implant revisions, the SLIM consensus classification, which is internationally accepted in the scientific literature, should be applied. The revised version of the SLIM consensus classification defines acomprehensive etiological spectrum of local joint endoprosthesis-associated pathologies histopathologically using ninetypes. In addition, this includes particle characterization and differentiation from endogenous particles. The analysis of the removed explant is the task of technical disciplines. Their mechanical and physical tests can provide information on the cause of the damage. For example, an examination of the fracture surface can determine whether the fracture occurred over alonger period of time (fatigue fracture, sustained fracture) or whether it occurred suddenly (forced fracture). It is therefore important to note that this diagnosis is carried out in an interdisciplinary manner, particularly in the context of peri-implant, mostly bacterial infections, and in the case of primarily functional and material-related causes. This interdisciplinary approach is particularly necessary for complex endoprosthesis pathologies, which require precise causal and technology-based damage analysis. In addition to histopathology, definitive diagnosis is only possible in aclinical-orthopedic, microbiological, laboratory medicine-related, radiological, nuclear medicine-related, material-technical and, in particular, biomechanical-technical context.

Mapping employability: a decade of trends and insights from higher education through bibliometric analysis (2014–2024)

Purpose This study aims to investigate the evolution of employability research within higher education from 2014 to 2024, using the career capital framework to provide a multifaceted perspective on employability. Design/methodology/approach The data set, comprising 468 documents from 1,170 authors, was analyzed using VOSviewer and the Bibliometric package in R, which enabled the visualization of bibliometric networks and the identification of significant research trends and influential publications. Findings Key findings emphasize the critical role of higher education in developing employability and the impact of various forms of graduate capital. The study reveals a shift from a narrow focus on job attainment to a broader perspective that includes long-term career sustainability and adaptability. Research limitations/implications Future research should explore contextual factors and develop holistic employability models. Interdisciplinary approaches and policy-informing studies are also recommended to enhance graduate employability in a dynamic global labor market. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of employability, supporting the development of effective strategies for preparing individuals for successful and adaptable careers. Originality/value This study integrates the component of graduate capital with employability, providing a more sophisticated comprehension of employability that surpasses conventional measurements. Having this viewpoint is crucial for higher education institutions to provide graduates with the necessary skills for long-term professional success and flexibility in a continuously changing job market. Furthermore, it provides valuable insights for the creation of educational programs and career services that can effectively equip students with the necessary skills and knowledge to navigate the intricacies of the contemporary labor market.

From hypoxic pockets to daily routines: linking brain oxygenation and cognitive resilience

The discovery of hypoxic pockets within the cortical regions has transformed the understanding of cerebral oxygen dynamics, revealing their dual role as both contributors to neuronal adaptation and potential precursors to dysfunction. These transient oxygen-deprived microenvironments play a pivotal role in neurovascular coupling, synaptic plasticity, and angiogenesis, processes crucial for maintaining cognitive resilience and neuronal health. Investigating hypoxic pockets within cortical regions is particularly relevant in aging populations and individuals with neurodegenerative conditions. Concurrently, research underscores the ability of physical, social, and cognitive activities to modulate brain oxygenation, offering natural, accessible interventions to optimize oxygen delivery and utilization. This study synthesizes findings from neuroimaging, behavioral science, and longitudinal studies, illustrating how daily routines can mitigate hypoxia-induced cognitive decline and promote resilience. By integrating insights from centenarians, hypoxia-adapted species, and multimodal intervention studies, this framework highlights the transformative potential of lifestyle-based strategies in addressing cerebral oxygen deficits. The findings advocate for an interdisciplinary approach to develop targeted interventions for public health, rehabilitation, and personalized cognitive care.

Interprofessional approach to personalized medication management and therapy optimization in IBD care

A considerable number of patients with chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are required to manage extensive polypharmaceutical regimes, which significantly elevates the risk of drug–drug interactions. Also, the disease’s impact often leads to the consumption of additional self-medication by the patients such as naturopathic remedies to alleviate disease-induced suffering and nutritional supplements to compensate for malabsorption syndromes inherent to the condition. There is a well-established consensus that polymedication coupled with unregulated supplementary intake can jeopardize the safety of drug therapy. Despite this, pharmaceutical co-supervision—proven to mitigate adverse drug events and enhance patient adherence to treatment—is generally lacking in routine clinical settings. Furthermore, the assessment of individual therapy adherence, a crucial predictive factor for therapeutic outcomes, is frequently suboptimal. In response to these issues, this study implemented an interdisciplinary approach wherein a team comprising medical and pharmaceutical professionals conducted a comprehensive survey coupled with a medication review for patients attending an IBD outpatient clinic. Employing an IBD-specific questionnaire alongside the patients’ documented medication regimens enabled the identification and subsequent discussion of current therapeutic concerns and potential medication-related risks during follow-up consultations. This intervention aimed to bolster individual patient satisfaction and enhance medication safety, ultimately fostering sustained success in IBD management.

Construction of Photosensitizer Candidates in Photodynamic Therapy: Computer Aided Design, Calculation, and Screening.

Thiophene and pyrrole units are extensively utilized in light-responsive materials and have significantly advanced the field of organic photovoltaics (OPV). This progress has inspired our exploration of photosensitizers (PS) for photodynamic therapy (PDT). Currently, traditional PS face limitations in clinical application, including a restricted variety and narrow applicability. Drawing upon molecular design concepts from OPV, we aim to transcend these limitations in PDT. Given the abundance of candidate molecules, effective screening is crucial. Theoretical calculations and electronic structure analyses serve as precise and practical screening methods. In this study, we adopted strategies successfully employed in OPV molecular design, focusing on donor-acceptor (D-A) and acceptor-donor-acceptor (A-D-A) structures. Using density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT), we systematically designed combinations of promising organic fragments. These fragments include polythiophene and polypyrrole-dominated donor structures, paired with five electron acceptors: indene (Ind), diketopyrrole (DPP), naphthalimide (Ni), benzothiazole (Btd), and dithiazolyl diketopyrrole (Tbo). Through meticulous calculations, we obtained electronic structures and spectral properties for all candidate molecules, facilitating an efficient screening process. Our findings highlight that those combinations of polypyrrole-based frameworks with DPP, Ni, and Btd show significant promise for PS applications. Approximately 13% of candidates were selected through comprehensive comparison, markedly reducing molecular design time and experimental costs. This interdisciplinary approach holds potential to pave the way for more targeted and successful PS designs.

P-1445. Evaluation of Achievement of Metabolic Goals in People with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in the Illinois Department of Corrections (IDOC)

Abstract Background The UIC-IDOC clinic is an interdisciplinary telemedicine clinic addressing HIV care needs of individuals in custody. The UIC-IDOC care team makes recommendations to medical providers regarding disease states outside of HIV. HIV contributes to increases in cardiovascular (CV) risk, along with diabetes (DM), hypertension (HTN), and hyperlipidemia (HLD). Managing comorbidities in patients with HIV (PWH) can lead to an overall reduction in CV risk. The goal of this study was to provide evidence that follow-up with IDOC telemedicine clinic had positive outcomes on achieving metabolic goals in individuals in custody. Methods This was a pilot retrospective cohort study evaluating the effectiveness of an interdisciplinary approach in achieving A1C, blood pressure, or lipid panels among PWH in custody. Adults diagnosed with HIV, on antiretroviral therapy (ART), and with a diagnosis of DM, HTN, and HLD were included between 1/1/2021 and 6/30/2022. The primary outcome evaluated the achievement of metabolic goals within 1 year compared to baseline, while the secondary outcome assessed medication optimization to guideline-recommended therapy for any diagnoses above. Results 102 patients were included. Baseline characteristics are presented in Table 1. Notably, most PWH reported ART adherence and achieved viral suppression. For the primary outcome, there was no difference in the achievement of metabolic goals 1-year post-follow-up for all disease states, DM (p=0.347), HTN (p=0.833), and HLD (p=0.935). For our secondary outcome, there was a significant difference in the optimization of hypertensive medications by the last visit, Table 2. Conclusion Findings from this study offer insights into optimizing HIV care delivery within correctional settings and enhancing outcomes for this patient population. Based on this data, recommendations being made by the UIC-IDOC telemedicine clinic may not be consistently implemented. However, our study shows an interdisciplinary clinic's role in the medication management of individuals in custody and the potential to assist in reducing cardiovascular risk in PWH, especially in people with HTN. Furthermore, a high degree of viral suppression was demonstrated for this study which may predict adherence to medications for metabolic diagnoses. Disclosures Scott Borgetti, MD, GSK: Grant/Research Support

Interdisciplinary Approach to Retreatment of a Full-Mouth Rehabilitation: Horizontal Preparations, Vertical Dimension of Occlusion Increase, and Mucogingival Surgery in a Tetracycline-Stained Dentition.

This case report presents the interdisciplinary retreatment of a patient with a worn full-mouth rehabilitation using defect-oriented restorations, horizontal preparations, and vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO) increase. A 58-year-old woman with a previous full-mouth rehabilitation presented with worn dentition, loss of VDO, and reduced posterior support. Examination revealed signs of parafunctional habits, tetracycline-stained teeth, and compromised aesthetics with exposed discolored teeth and open embrasure spaces. Additionally, the veneers showed wear and ceramic chipping. The retreatment started with a diagnostic phase, including a wax-up and mock-up to guide the treatment plan. Mucogingival surgery was performed to correct gingival recession according to the restorative margins established by the mock-up. The full-mouth rehabilitation involved increasing the VDO through anterior crowns and veneers, posterior overlays, and dental implant restoration. Horizontal chamfer preparations ensured sufficient thickness for the ceramic material, allowing for durable adhesive restorations. The interdisciplinary approach, combining diagnostic, surgical, and prosthetic phases, enabled the successful retreatment of this complex case, restoring function and aesthetics. A 2-year follow-up confirmed the stability and positive outcomes of the rehabilitated dentition. This interdisciplinary approach provides an effective strategy for managing complex full-mouth rehabilitations, integrating aesthetics, function, and periodontal health through defect-oriented preparation techniques.

Governance Indicators in Sustainable Banking: A Comprehensive Bibliometric Analysis for Enhanced Sustainability

This study’s goal is to present a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of governance measures in relation to sustainable banking, with a focus on the development of themes over time, interdisciplinary approaches, and the contribution of various regions of the world to this field. A bibliometric assessment was performed based on the analysis of trends, geographic contributions, and thematic clustering to assess the intellectual structure and research advancement of governance indicators in sustainable banking. Key areas of focus in the analysis included leading figures and institutions in the field and key publications and issues in their works. The synthesis suggests the significance of the “governance approach”, which emerged as one of the key areas connecting practices of sustainability, economic growth, and institutions. It is emphasized that, after 2010, the emphasis of research shifted from corporate governance to more comprehensive, ‘sustainable development’ models with emphasis on environmental, social, and governance (ESG) parameters within banking systems. The international aspect of research, which largely involves American, Chinese, and Indian scholars, demonstrates the integrative and varied nature of scholarly activity, while the focus of developing countries is on regional policy adaptation. This study contributes to a better understanding of the context and the complexity of the roles played by governance indicators in regard to sustainable banking. It emphasizes the need to integrate operational frameworks and criteria measures to assess governance control and reach suitable outcomes. On the one hand, it explores the scope, and on the other, it supports further research and thus enriches further the development of sustainable governance practices within the banking sector and its related fields.

A pedagogical approach: toward leveraging mathematical modeling and AI to support integrating humanities into STEM education

This paper examines the transformative potential of integrating humanities into STEM education using interdisciplinary approaches, AI, and Model Eliciting Activities (MEAs). The integration is motivated by the increasing complexity of global challenges, such as climate change, which demand solutions that extend beyond traditional STEM boundaries and incorporate ethical, cultural, and societal considerations. This study profiles a multi-year, NSF-funded project focused on enhancing STEM literacy among underrepresented minority students through agricultural sciences-based MEAs that address key societal challenges in health, energy, urban green spaces, and food security. The paper details the curriculum’s design principles, emphasizing real-world, culturally relevant contexts. Results indicate that while quantitative measures show limited significant changes in interest and motivation, qualitative findings highlight increased student engagement, especially regarding real-world issues. The study underscores the importance of structural and interactional components, such as culturally relevant pedagogy, for successful curriculum implementation. Future research is recommended to explore broader applications of this model across diverse educational settings, aiming to refine interdisciplinary educational frameworks that equip students with technical skills and ethical awareness to navigate societal challenges responsibly. This case study provides a framework for educators seeking to implement interdisciplinary approaches that prepare students to address complex global challenges by integrating technical skills with ethical and cultural understanding.