Interdependence Research Articles

Inter Dependence between Circadian Rhythm and Aging

Directly or indirectly light plays important physiological roles to regulate our body. It affects another master switch, the pineal gland, producer of melatonin- the sleep hormone. In addition to this hormone age is also big factor for regulating sleep. In this review we have put forth evidence for the relationship between the two important regulators for sleep.

Cartographic materials on the history of Kazakhstan of the XVII–early XX centuries: consolidated catalog

The article is devoted to the analysis, cataloging of cartographic material of the consolidated catalog of “old” maps on the history of Kazakhstan in the XVII–early XX centuries. The funds for storage of cartographic materials in archives and libraries of Moscow and Orenburg are characterized. The functional values of the developed consolidated catalog of “old” maps have been substantiated. The consolidated catalog of cartographic materials can be considered as a kind of “guide” for potential users, with the help of which the user can get answers to the following questions: What archives, libraries, museums have the necessary cartographic material for the user and view cartographic bibliographies of “old” maps on the history of Kazakhstan. Based on the intermediate result of the research, a consolidated catalog of cartographic materials was prepared, comprising 282 cartographic sources of the XVII–early XX centuries on the history of Kazakhstan, which are of high scientific and social significance. Most of the cartographic materials on the early period of the history of Kazakhstan at the beginning of the XVII century are mainly of foreign origin. To fill with additional possibilities, the consolidated catalog of “old” maps for potential readers is enriched with photo files of cartographic materials accompanying the cartobibliographic record of “old” maps from the consolidated catalog. The identified cartographic materials are subjected to source analysis, assessment, and description. It has been established that cartographic materials on the history of Kazakhstan in the XVII–early XX centuries should not be studied in isolation but as part of the cartography of a certain era in all its interconnections and interdepend encies with the development of related areas of knowledge (history, geography, geodesy, etc.)

La valutazione dell’esperienza del pubblico. Accessibilità e studi di ricezione al Macerata Opera Festival

This essay discusses an audience reception study carried out in the framework of media accessibility in order to evaluate the experience of blind/partially sighted patrons and their (sighted) accompanying persons in the context of Macerata Opera Festival (MOF), 2018 edition. Adopting a qualitative analytical approach, in which the main interest is on individuals (i.e. the samples under investigation), and relying on post-hoc self-report questionnaires, three interdependent variables were measured: (1) comprehension and recall , (2) cognitive load , and (3) psychological immersion . This analytical approach was then combined with a descriptive approach including the collection of attitudinal data for the evaluation of appreciation and preferences . Results reveal that there was no substantial divergence in the levels of the variables under investigation between the two samples: blind/partially sighted and sighted (accompanying) patrons. Additionally, audio description and tactile tours did not provoke cognitive overloading and they even increased psychological immersion. Furthermore, it is possible to find a correspondence between the high levels of appreciation and preferences and the results related to comprehension and recall, cognitive load, and psychological immersion. This confirms the effectiveness of audio descriptions and tactile tours in enhancing audience’s experience and increasing blind/partially sighted users’ empowerment.

Analysis of Indonesian Ideo-Cultural Representation in Elt Textbook: Gramscian Hegemony Perspective

The focus of this study is an analysis of Indonesian ideo-cultural representation, and the relation to hegemony practice, in English Language Teaching (ELT) textbook for 7 th grade of Junior High School; Bahasa Inggris, When English Rings the Bell . Ideo-cultural aspects and ELT have become an interdependency relationship that cultural awareness must include in the communicative competences. Otherwise, learners may feel vulnerable and powerless in real-life encounters with native speakers, and this feeling might decrease their investment in second language learning. The purpose of this study is to describe the cultural content represented in Bahasa Inggris, When English Rings the Bell, and to explain the discursive and hegemony practice in the Bahasa Inggris, When English Rings the Bell. This study is a descriptive qualitative study. It describes the four cultural dimensions proposed by Moran (2001) and Yuen (2011): Product, Practice, Perspective, Person, and cultural types proposed by Cortazzi and Jin (1999): S ource, Target, International found in the book. This study also analyzes the hegemony practice proposed by Gramsci (1971) utilizing the Critical Discourse Analysis framework proposed by Fairclough (1995). From the analysis conducted in this study, it finds that there is a considerable imbalance in the contents distribution for each content category. From the analysis conducted, it also finds that the discourse built in this book focused on national discourse. The discourse can be read from the references presented in the book that presents many names, places, cultural artifacts that represent Indonesian values.

The New Hotel Development Project Life Cycle - Doing the Right New Hotel Project Holistically, and Doing it the Right Way

Based on previous research, the authors know that nowadays, new hotel developers in Asia typically appoint interdependent – but non-integrated – separate entities during various phases of their projects, to make the business case, and to design, build, open and operate each new hotel asset. Consequently, important opportunities for integration and synergistic improvements between phases in new hotel development projects can be missed. There are inherent inefficiencies and crucial conflicts of interest in this approach, which inevitably lead to difficulties and problems during and after the project. Previous studies have also demonstrated the root causes and consequences of poorly planned and executed new hotel opening projects, where time delays of multiple months and multi-million US dollar cost overruns against the initial project budget goals, coupled with massive opportunity costs, are the norm. In this paper, the authors introduce a well-defined project framework that hospitality asset owners and developers can follow, in order to avoid these problems and develop their new hotels efficiently and effectively. It also illustrates how this framework can be used to understand project costs and shed new light on how to develop new hotels cost effectively. There is surprisingly little research literature on these important topics. To ensure an optimal outcome is achieved, this paper advocates that all phases of this New Hotel Development Project Life Cycle must be considered holistically, in order to ensure coordinated planning and execution of project activities in each phase, and integration of the interdependencies across all phases.

O enfermeiro no pré-hospitalar

espanolIntroduccion: La presencia de enfermeras en el contexto pre-hospitalario portugues se remonta a 1981. En 2007 se crearon las Ambulancias de Soporte Vital Inmediato del Instituto Nacional de Emergencias Medicas, en las que las enfermeras asumieron el papel de lideres de equipo. Esta reflexion tiene como objetivo analizar el papel de las enfermeras en la asistencia prehospitalaria. Desarrollo: El contexto prehospitalario presenta fuertes desafios para la enfermeria y su identidad profesional. Las enfermeras llevan a cabo sus intervenciones y toman sus decisiones de acuerdo a la mejor evidencia cientifica, siguiendo protocolos terapeuticos predefinidos. Como lideres del equipo de socorro, son responsables de la gestion de los diferentes actores que proporcionan cuidados prehospitalarios, garantizando la seguridad de la atencion sanitaria. Las personas socorridas en el prehospital esperan de los enfermeros la garantia de su supervivencia, y tambien, durante la asistencia, se preservan los cuidados, estrechamente ligados a la esencia de la enfermeria. La produccion y difusion de conocimientos cientificos contribuira a la optimizacion de todas las practicas autonomas e interdependientes. Conclusions: La funcion de la enfermera prehospitalaria se basa en tres puntos fundamentales: la administracion de los cuidados de enfermeria en el proceso de curacion/salud; la aplicacion de metodologias de gestion de riesgos y la elaboracion de estrategias de gestion para la seguridad del socorro; la promocion de la investigacion en la prestacion de cuidados de emergencia que contribuyan al mejoramiento de los cuidados de enfermeria. La difusion de conocimientos que respalden las practicas actuales en el contexto prehospitalario ayudara a comprender la importancia de la participacion de la enfermeria en el marco de la emergencia y a afirmar la indispensabilidad e irreemplazabilidad de su intervencion en el contexto prehospitalario. portuguesIntroducao: A presenca de enfermeiros no contexto pre-hospitalar portugues remonta ao ano de 1981. Em 2007, constituiram-se as Ambulâncias Suporte Imediato de Vida do Instituto Nacional de Emergencia Medica, onde os enfermeiros assumem a funcao de team leaders. Esta reflexao tem como objetivo analisar o papel dos enfermeiros no socorro pre-hospitalar. Desenvolvimento: O contexto pre-hospitalar imprime fortes desafios a Enfermagem e a sua identidade profissional. Os enfermeiros conduzem as suas intervencoes e tomam as suas decisoes de acordo com a melhor evidencia cientifica, seguindo protocolos terapeuticos predefinidos. Enquanto lideres da equipa de socorro, sao responsaveis pela gestao dos diferentes intervenientes que prestam assistencia no pre-hospitalar, garantindo a seguranca dos cuidados de saude. As pessoas socorridas no pre-hospitalar depositam no enfermeiro as esperancas nao so de garantir a sua sobrevivencia, como tambem, de que no decorrer do socorro, o cuidar, intimamente ligado a genese da Enfermagem, seja tambem salvaguardado. A producao e disseminacao de conhecimento cientifico contribuira para a otimizacao de todas as praticas autonomas e interdependentes. Conclusoes: O papel do enfermeiro do pre-hospitalar assenta em tres pontos fundamentais: administracao de cuidados de Enfermagem no processo de cura/saude; implementacao de metodologias de gestao do risco e desenvolvimento de estrategias de gestao para a seguranca do socorro; promocao de investigacao no âmbito da prestacao de cuidados de emergencia que contribuam para a melhoria dos cuidados de Enfermagem prestados. A disseminacao do conhecimento que corrobora as praticas vigentes no contexto pre-hospitalar contribuira para que se perceba a importância da participacao de enfermeiros no quadro da emergencia e para a afirmacao da imprescindibilidade e insubstituibilidade da sua intervencao no pre-hospitalar. Palavras-chave: enfermagem; assistencia pre-hospitalar; lideranca; servicos de enfermagem

Interdependent fates: Youth and police—Can they make peace?

Interdependent fates: Youth and police—Can they make peace?

Conceptualizing Student Responsibilities in Discourse-Rich Classrooms

While a growing body of research examines teachers’ facilitation of discourse-rich classrooms, surprisingly little research is devoted to learners’ responsibilities in such classrooms. In this paper, we share a theoretical model for explaining students’ responsibilities in yielding mathematical learning in discourse-rich classrooms. These responsibilities consist of the following: (1) determined listening and striving to understand others’ contributions; (2) proactive contribution; (3) maintaining equal positioning; (4) willingness to resolve incommensurability; and (5) on-task talk. Each of the responsibilities is interdependent, suggesting that failure to meet one responsibility decreases the likelihood that another responsibility will be met. The model suggests important implications for supporting learners in discourse-rich classrooms.

La vulnerabilidad intencionada durante la dictadura en Chile, en las novelas La literatura nazi en América, Estrella distante y Nocturno de Chile de Roberto Bolaño

Las novelas La literatura nazi en América, Estrella distante y Nocturno de Chile del escritor Roberto Bolaño vislumbran que la vulnerabilidad de algunos personajes es un asunto intencionado y de interdependencia que se despliega en secuestro, tortura, asesinato y desaparición forzada a consecuencia de una subjetivación que sale de la norma que establece el poder de Estado neoliberal. Apoyo mis aseveraciones en la noción de vulnerabilidad e interdependencia que desarrolla Judith Butler; en el planteamiento de Adriana Fuentes sobre subjetividad; y en la propuesta de David Harvey acerca del neoliberalismo. El objetivo es mostrar cómo estas narrativas de Roberto Bolaño dialogan con personajes vulnerables que fueron aniquilados sistemáticamente a causa de una ideología política discrepante con los principios neoliberales. Mediante las reflexiones del artículo llego a la conclusión de que la postura de Bolaño al escribir sobre los personajes disidentes políticos es la de visibilizarlos como cuerpos que importan.

Mood, Being-with-others and Disruptive Behavior in the Classroom: A Psychological Perspective Encounters Phenomenology

This article is part of the project “Teachers’ Skillful Coping with Disruptive Behavior in Norwegian and American Classrooms”. Questions raised are how disruptive behavior could affect teachers’ being-with-students and how moods could influence how they cope with such behavior. I argue that classroom practices are characterized by “shared attunement” and that there is an interdependence between teachers and students. Another argument is that disruptive behavior could influence teachers’ moods negatively. I also explore how teachers could navigate these moods when they encounter student-behavior they perceive as challenging. The analysis in the article has its roots within the field of psychology. It is interested in crossing this with phenomenology in the context of how teachers cope with disruptive behavior in classrooms.

Objektive Verlegungskriterien und proaktives Verlegungs­management zur Steuerung von intensivmedizinischen Kapazitäten

Despite the high number of intensive care beds in German hospitals compared to other European countries, intensive care medical shortages are common in daily clinical practice. This is due to a hardly established cross-departmental discharge and transfer management with missing objective discharge criteria, lack of personnel and bed closures. Aboveaverage lengths of stays and increased readmission rates to the intensive care unit also indicate an inefficient use of resources in German hospitals. Against this background, a systematic literature search was carried out on the current state of research on discharge criteria from the intensive care unit and transfer processes to follow-up wards. Between 1983 and 2020, 1,917 sources were found, 286 were selected as full text, 104 of which were considered relevant and used as the basis for this work. Approaches, such as a root cause analy- sis of bottleneck situations including the entire hospital system with its interdependent admission, transfer and discharge processes, and the use of electronic decision support in conjunction with standardised discharge criteria can improve the use of existing intensive care capacities and lead to safer and better patient flow. For better use of resources, the therapeutic outcome must be viewed along the entire clinical pathway in order to care for the right patient at the right place and at the right time. A standardised care transition management using objective discharge criteria could help to include the various stakeholders in the discharge decision and patient-transfer process to reflect patient-, caregiver-, process, and institution-specific factors, and ultimately to manage, proactively and efficiently, the available intensive care resources. Decision support in the discharge process using self-learning systems based on available data from patient data management systems is forward-looking, but must be validated more widely in clinical practice.

Main factors determining the shear behavior of interior RC beam-column joints

Reinforced concrete beam-column (RCBC) joints of laterally loaded unbraced frames are sometimes controlled by their shear behavior. This behavior relies on multiple and interdependent complex mechanisms. There are already several studies on the influence of some parameters on the shear strength of reinforced concrete joints. However, there are no studies methodically tackling all the most relevant parameters and quantifying their influence on the overall joint behavior, not just on its shear strength. Hence, considering the prohibitive cost of a comprehensive parametric experimental investigation, a nonlinear finite element analysis (NLFEA) was undertaken to identify the key factors affecting the shear behavior of such joints and quantify their influence. The paper presents and discusses the models employed in this NLFEA and the procedure used to deduce the joint behavior from the NLFEA results. Three alternative, or complementary, quantities related to shear are considered when comparing results, namely, the maximum shear stress supported by the joint, the secant shear stiffness at maximum shear stress and the secant shear stiffness in service conditions. Depending on which of these is considered, the lower or higher the relevance of each of the six parameters investigated: transverse reinforcement in the joint, intermediate longitudinal bars and diagonal bars in the column, concrete strength, column axial load and confining elements in transverse direction.

Unable to Describe My Feelings and Emotions Without an Addiction: The Interdependency Between Alexithymia and Addictions.

Unable to Describe My Feelings and Emotions Without an Addiction: The Interdependency Between Alexithymia and Addictions.

Retos de la monarquía española en contexto global: La expedición a Guinea (1777-1779)

A través de los Tratados de San Ildefonso (1777) y El Pardo (1778), la Corona portuguesa cedía a España dos islas en el golfo de Guinea ‒Annobón y Fernando Poo‒ y permitía el comercio con la costa africana. Entre 1778 y 1779 se llevó a cabo la primera expedición a esta zona, aunque la presencia española solo perduró hasta 1782. A pesar de las múltiples perspectivas que pueden ser utilizadas para el estudio de este episodio, el presente trabajo pretende abordarlo a través de un enfoque global. Queremos discernir y calibrar los retos que la monarquía española tuvo en un periodo en el que el mundo estaba cada vez más interconectado y emergía una fuerte interdependencia entre regiones y continentes. Analizando la documentación relativa a la preparación y los primeros pasos de la expedición para la toma de Fernando Poo y Annobón, se puede comprobar cómo la Corona española consideraba operativa, estratégica y simbólicamente a estas posibles colonias como un problema de alcance global; Guinea se convirtió en un punto de fuga en el que se sintetizaban gran parte de los problemas y necesidades de la Monarquía Hispánica en el contexto global de la década de 1770.

(Re)Imagining the Responsible, National Citizen: Analysis of Moroccan Citizenship Education Textbooks

Citizenship education in compulsory schooling plays a critical role in the level of engagement and abilities of young people to assume basic civic roles. Both internationally and nationally, there are increasing calls to reconsider the dominant approaches to citizenship education in order to address the pressing needs of the interdependent and interconnected 21st century global world. This paper analyzes citizenship education in the context of Morocco, considering whether, how and to what extent citizenship education in Morocco’s primary school social studies curriculum addresses themes of human rights; democracy and civic participation; and national and global citizenship. Qualitative data is generated from a sample of 4th, 5th and 6th grade social studies textbooks targeting students aged 9-12. The results indicate that citizenship education offers rather limited content and activities for students to improve their competencies for global learning, political literacy, respect for diversity, and critical thinking, suggesting the challenge in (re)imagining the construction of the predominant responsible, national Moroccan citizen. Keywords: Social studies textbooks, Education for citizenship, Human rights, Global citizenship, Morocco.

Designs for the Pluriverse: Radical Interdependence, Autonomy, and the Making of Worlds. ArturoEscobar. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2018. 312 pp.

Designs for the Pluriverse: Radical Interdependence, Autonomy, and the Making of Worlds. ArturoEscobar. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2018. 312 pp.

Control-aircraft state interdependent network model and characteristic analysis

Control-aircraft state interdependent network model and characteristic analysis

Atrioventricular Interdependence in Fontan Patients and Its Impact on Exercise Performance

BACKGROUND: In Fontan circulation, ventricular filling is dependent on active atrial contraction. This atrioventricular interdependence is key for optimal exercise performance. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the relationship between atrial and ventricular deformation in young Fontan survivors and their relationship to exercise performance (peak oxygen consumption; VO2 max). METHODS: Single center retrospective cohort study …

La confrontation des systèmes institutionnels dans les interdépendances gazières entre l’UE et la Russie : de la coopération aux conflits

Les interdépendances fortes entre l’Union européenne (UE) et ses fournisseurs extérieurs de gaz naturel révèlent les problématiques de conflits et de logiques contradictoires liées à la coexistence d’arrangements institutionnels différents dans l’échange. Cet enjeu émerge clairement sur la relation entre l’UE et la Russie. La confrontation de ces deux espaces institutionnels semble avoir un « impact transformatif » sur les régulations et les politiques énergétiques de la Russie et de l’UE. L’article analyse les conflits et les risques économiques et institutionnels résultant de la confrontation de ces deux espaces de régulation. Classification JEL : K32, Q35, Q37, Q38

Promoting Convergence Between Health Literacy and Health Communication.

Health communication and health literacy are complementary areas of study and application. However, the important connections between the work conducted in these two related areas of inquiry do not appear to have always been well understood, nor appreciated, leading to limited integration and coordination between health communication and health literacy inquiry. Part of the problem may be that these two related areas developed from different professional trajectories, with health communication developing primarily from a social science orientation, and health literacy emerging primarily from a health professional application perspective. While health literacy grew out of the professional disciplines of medicine and education, health communication was undergirded by communication and social science research. Due to these different initial starting points, a lack of understanding has grown between these two areas of inquiry, resulting in a lack of appreciation for how well these fields fit together and how they can be mutually supportive in both research and applications. While there are many scholars who study both health communication and health literacy, some researchers are not well-versed in both areas, and do not understand how they can contribute to one another. In this chapter, the authors examine the parallel development of these two interdependent areas of study, trace their inter-connections, and propose strategies to enhance collaboration and integration within health literacy as well as health communication research and applications.