Intercultural Nursing Research Articles

INTERCULTURAL NURSING IN CHAOS ENVIRONMENT: CASE REPORT

The epidemic caused by the Covid-19 virus released in December 2019 was declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organization. The rapid spread of the virus unexpectedly and causing high deaths has led to a difficult process in the field of health. Societies, which are a social and cultural phenomenon, have also been affected by this epidemic in different ways. The phenomenon of health is not only a stable state of medical procedures, but also a dynamic concept where different cultures come together. Defending that if nurses do not take into account the cultural differences in the individual or society, the care to be given will not be effective, Leninger says that care should have the universal characteristics of the human structure under all conditions. In this sense, the aim of intercultural nursing is to provide culturally appropriate care. In this case, there are problems in health caused by the communication problem encountered in an Angolan patient who was hospitalized in the burn service when the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was pandemic.

A concept analysis of intercultural communication.

To explore the concept of intercultural communication. As global migration increases, countries around the world are starting to see diversity among their population. With this increasing multicultural society, effective communication is crucial, particularly in the area of healthcare. Intercultural nursing requires nurses to care for patients of various cultural backgrounds by considering their cultural needs. It is critical for nurses to be able to communicate effectively with patients of various cultures to provide care that is holistic and culturally appropriate to the diverse population. Walker and Avant's eight-step approach to concept analysis. Intercultural communication in nursing is face-to-face, verbal or nonverbal communication that occurs between people of different cultures. Its defining attributes are (1) meeting between language and culture for a specific purpose and (2) face-to-face (in-person or virtual) human interaction between individuals from different cultures. Antecedents of intercultural communication in nursing are globalization, technology, and social environment. Consequences include reduced ethnocentrism and negative stereotyping. Empirical referents depict the existence of the concept, which includes several tools developed as a means to measure or evaluate intercultural communication. This study presented the defining attributes, antecedents and consequences, model case, and empirical referents of intercultural communication.

Determining the effect of an intercultural nursing course on empathic skill and intercultural sensitivity levels: An intervention study

BackgroundProviding culturally sensitive healthcare services requires to command on content and concepts. Moreover, it is essential to train nurses who are sensitive toward cultural values and beliefs and who can provide holistic and individual nursing care in an increasingly diverse population. ObjectiveThis study determined the effect of the Intercultural Nursing Course on the empathic skill and intercultural sensitivity levels of nursing students in Turkey. DesignThis study was an interventional study that adopted a pretest–posttest design with a control group. ParticipantsThe participants of the study were 165 nursing students from a school of health; these students were completing their fourth year of studies and in the spring term of the 2017–2018 academic year. However, the sample group comprised 113 students who agreed to participate in the study and completely filled out the administered forms. The intervention group consisted of 84 students admitted to Intercultural Nursing Course, whereas the control group consisted of 29 students who were not admitted to Intercultural Nursing Course. MethodsIntercultural Nursing Course, one of the elective courses in the fourth grade of the nursing program, was a 14-week course that was conducted through two contact hours per week. Data from both the groups were collected at the beginning and at the end of the course by the researchers using the “Introductory Information Form,” the “Empathic Skill Scale”, and the “Intercultural Sensitivity Scale”. Data were analyzed through descriptive tests, t-test, the Mann–Whitney U test, and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test using statistical package software. In addition, the required approval was procured from the ethics committee of the relevant university and School of Health before the study was conducted. ResultsNo significant differences prevailed between the intervention and control groups in terms of total intragroup and intergroup Empathic Skill Scale and Intercultural Sensitivity Scale scores. However, a significant difference (Z = −4.000; p = 0.000) between the pretest and posttest scores was observed in the interaction confidence subdimension of the Intercultural Sensitivity Scale in the intervention group. ConclusionAlthough Intercultural Nursing Course did not lead to a significant change in students' empathic skills and cultural sensitivity levels, it enhanced their cultural sensitivity and self-confidence in intercultural communication and ensured maintenance of their empathic skills. Intercultural Nursing Course can thus valuably contribute to the understanding of cultural structure and values of society and to the development of techniques that can provide nursing care accordingly.

HEALTH TOURISM CONCEPT AND TRANSCULTURAL NURSING ACCORDING TO THE MEANING WORLDS OF NURSES

Purpose: This study aims to describe health tourism and transcultural nursing concept from the viewpoint of nurses and to find out how they interpret them. Design and Method: As a mixed study, it was conducted at 6 private hospital with the participation of sixteen nurses. Data were collected with demographic information form, intercultural sensitivity scale and semi-structured interview form. Result: The mean of cultural sensitivity scale score of nurses was 81.39 ± 4.84. Only one nurse had transcultural nursing training. Lack of foreign language and cultural knowledge are problems for nurses while caring to foreign patients. Discussion and Conclusion: Nurses play an indispensable and key role in health tourism, but they cannot represent themselves sufficiently. Implications for Practice: The professional and personal development of nurses should increase by trainings on ethics, intercultural nursing and geography, especially foreign language.

Effective intercultural communication in nursing.

As a result of global migration, nurses are caring for patients in increasingly diverse cultural and linguistic settings. Intercultural nursing requires nurses to care for patients as unique individuals while considering their cultural needs. Being able to communicate effectively with patients from various cultures is crucial for understanding and for optimal delivery of patient care. Communication must be considered in the context of overall care; therefore, this article describes important concepts underpinning appropriate intercultural care. It provides a guide to effective intercultural communication by discussing three main areas: cultural knowledge, attitudes and feelings, and communication skills. These are the essential areas that nurses can reflect on, and develop and apply in intercultural communication with patients and their families.

School Nurses' Experiences Working With Unaccompanied Refugee Children and Adolescents: A Qualitative Study.

School nurses are one of the first health-care professionals to meet unaccompanied refugee children and adolescents and therefore have an important impact on health outcomes. The aim of this study was to describe school nurses' experiences working with unaccompanied refugee children and adolescents. Semistructured interviews were conducted with school nurses (n = 14) who worked with unaccompanied refugee children and adolescents. The interviews were analyzed via qualitative content analysis. The results fell into three themes: (a) knowledge of trauma-informed care, (b) knowledge of intercultural nursing, and (c) importance of self-awareness. School nurses require the development of tailor-made skills that focus on crisis, trauma, and cultural awareness to meet the complex needs associated with working with unaccompanied refugee children and adolescents.

El cuidado Enfermero en la Consulta de Enfermería Intercultural de la Asociación Civil Idas y Vueltas, Montevideo-Uruguay

The process of globalization initiated several decades ago has increased the complexity of the migratory phenomenon and generated changes in the sociocultural reality of the host countries and as such, in Uruguay. In the health field, health providers and their professionals must respond to specific demands generated by sociodemography and the specific needs of migration. As a social contribution, a nursing consultation with an intercultural approach was created in the Idas y Vueltas civil association, developping direct care and managing the integration of migrants into the health system. The objectives of the study are to identify relevant sociodemographic characteristics of the population served and to know the prevalent dimensions of nursing care in the care process. A descriptive, quantitative and retrospective methodology was carried out. The universe was all the migrants that attended the association and the sample, those that demanded the consultation of intercultural nursing. The nursing attention process was used as instrument and the ethical precepts that protect the confidentiality of the data were fulfilled. Their results showed the predominance of a young, female population from Latin America, as well as the need to implement the role of nursing in case management. It is concluded that the research provides updated data from the nursing perspective, which will contribute to the development of intercultural care and an advanced practice in the discipline. It also guides the design of public strategies in migratory health, in order to improve the quality and efficiency of care.

Cultural practices before and during pregnancy: example of Turkey

Having children is a substantial part of cultural identity in our society. From past till now, various customs, traditions and beliefs have been applied, especially during pre-pregnancy and pregnancy period in Anatolia. Some of them are still in practice and effective. However, all these practices to have children are applied generally to women, and there are few practices applied on men regarding the elimination of infertility because women are regarded as responsible for not having children in Anatolia. In this compilation, the traditional beliefs and practices applied before and during pregnancy in Anatolia are explained. National and international articles on this subject are analysed by using keywords in Google academic database. As a result, it is found that some practices negatively affect both the mother’s and child’s health. So, awareness on this subject should be raised, unhealthy practices and beliefs should be discussed and changed, and beneficial ones should be supported.Keywords: Traditional practices, intercultural nursing, traditional beliefs, pregnancy, culture.

Relación entre autoestima y felicidad desde la psicología positiva en estudiantes de enfermería intercultural

Introducción. Se observa contradicciones acerca de la relación entre la autoestima y la felicidad, dado que para algunos existe y para otros no, e incluso, hay quienes sostienen que la autoestima influye sobre la felicidad. Dichas variables son elementales para el ejercicio de la enfermería, sin embargo, su estudio dentro de los entornos interculturales es poco. El objetivo de la presente investigación es conocer la asociación entre la autoestima y la felicidad en estudiantes de enfermería intercultural desde la psicología positiva.Método. Se realizó una investigación cuantitativa, descriptiva, transversal y correlacional, con un diseño no experimental, con una muestra de 55 estudiantes de la licenciatura en enfermería intercultural. Se aplicó dos cuestionarios: la escala de autoestima de Rosenberg y la escala de felicidad de Lima.Resultados. Se obtuvo niveles altos de autoestima y felicidad. Luego, mediante la correlación de Pearson y la regresión jerárquica se encontró que la autoestima se asocia de manera negativa y positiva con ciertos factores de la felicidad, lo cual se repite en cuanto a su influencia. Conclusión. Dentro de la psicología positiva es posible asociar de manera relevante variables como autoestima y felicidad como fortalezas, más aún en el caso de estudiantes de enfermería intercultural, quienes buscan contribuir al desarrollo de los pueblos originarios, al aportar profesionales en enfermería con niveles favorables de autoestima y de la percepción del bienestar subjetivo para contrarrestar una herencia histórica de atraso. A partir de la psicología positiva es posible que dicho modelo educativo contribuya al enriquecimiento mutuo y el empoderamiento dentro del quehacer de la enfermería intercultural.

Assistenza infermieristica interculturale: analisi delle variazioni nella percezione delle problematiche relazionali con i pazienti stranieri

Today's society is highly impacted by immigration, as well as healthcare system. It is becoming increasingly common and frequent to establish relationships with patients with different cultural backgrounds. The aim of this study is analyzing Italian nurses' perception of the relational dynamics with foreign patients, to determine its evolution, and to identify the variables which can affect the quality of care. The study is both qualitative and quantitative with descriptive aim, using a questionnaire that assesses the theoretical-practical level of preparation, both perceptive and effective, of nurses when assisting foreign patients. To evaluate the emotional and experiential impact of the relationship with foreign patients, the difficulties encountered while establishing such relationship, and the resolution strategies - both effective and potential. The sample, composed of 101 Italian nurses employed at SanRaffaele Hospital in 6 specific Operational Units, resulted in a total of 91 returned questionnaires during the period May-June 2011. The data was analyzed through statistical instruments and compared to the results of a similar study done in 2004. The experience of intercultural nursing is seen by the sample as interesting and rewarding. The vast majority of nurses have positive responses. The more frequent issues are those connected with communication with foreign patients, and those connected with the increase workload due the presence of foreign patients. Nurses responded to difficulties more with human skills than with specific abilities, and tend to delegate the problem to the Cultural Mediation service. This new issue has a very high impact on nurses. The emerged difficulties have not decreased over time, this due to the lack of a proper policy within health care facilities in recent years, with the exception of a little improvement on the academic education. However the current academic education does not provide solutions useful in the everyday routing. This study, despite the small sample and a rather narrow degree of analysis, likes to draw attention on the topic both of nurses and on health care facilities managerial team in order to develop a effective startegie to deal with the emerged issues.

An intercultural nursing perspective on autonomy.

This article is based on an empirical study regarding ethical challenges in intercultural nursing. The focus is on autonomy and disclosure. Autonomy is a human capacity that has become an important ethical principle in nursing. Although the relationship between autonomy and patients' possibly harmful choices is discussed, the focus is on 'forced' autonomy. Nurses seem to equate respect with autonomy; it seems to be hard to cope with the fact that there are patients who voluntarily undergo treatment but who actively participate neither in the treatment offered nor in making choices regarding that treatment. Nurses' demand for patients to be autonomous may in some cases jeopardize the respect, integrity and human worth that the ethical principle of autonomy is meant to ensure. Even though respect for a person's autonomy is also respect for the person, one's respect for the person in question should not depend on his or her capacity or aptitude to act autonomously. Is autonomy necessarily a universal ethical principle? This article negates this question and, through the issues of culture, individualism versus collectivism, first- and second-order autonomy, communication and the use of family interpreters, and respect, an attempt is made to explain why.

Caring for strangers.

Sonya Grypma, MN, RN, is a PhD student at the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, studying the history of Canadian missionary nurses in China. With a clinical background in intercultural nursing, Sonya has taught in Canadian university nursing programs—most recently at the University of Leth-bridge. She attends Maranatha Christian Reformed Church in Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada. Sandra L. Jamison, DNS, RN, has twenty-seven years' experience in nursing education and administration. She serves withNCF® to develop nursing leaders and communicate a Christian worldview of nursing. Sandra attends Grantham Brethren in Christ Church and lives in Dillsburg, Pennsylvania.FigureFigure

From the foreign to the familiar: the discourse on intercultural care and its impact on nursing science

This article concerns the discourse on intercultural nursing which can stimulate the further development of nursing theories and practices. In introduction, the article outlines the core of the discourse and some formal aspects. Subsequently, the overlapping discourses concerning the situation of migrant people in the social sciences and in society are discussed and the conclusion is prompted that the discourse needs to become part of general nursing theories to avoid a "culturalization" of ist subject.

Indian Summer.

This story is about my experience with the Oglala Lakota (Sioux) on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in South Dakota. For 6 weeks, as part of my last elective in the Community Health Intercultural Nursing Program at the University of Maryland, I made home visits with a Community Health Representative (CHR). Dianne Iron Bird, the CHR with whom I traveled, and a woman who was close to my age and stage of life, was largely responsible for my view of the reservation and for the level of acceptance I had in people's homes. My experience was rich and rewarding. It afforded me the opportunity to participate in a different kind of health care. I used this exercise in story‐telling to test my knowledge and understanding of the Lakota's world view. By definition, it is my view of both my world and theirs. Using literal rather than abstract language helped me to see both worlds from a new perspective.