Context Of Interactions Research Articles

Pairwise Intent Graph Embedding Learning for Context-Aware Recommendation with Knowledge Graph

Different from the data sparsity that traditional recommendations suffer from, context-aware recommender systems (CARS) face specific sparsity challenges related to contextual features, i.e., feature sparsity and interaction sparsity. How knowledge graphs address these challenges remains under-discussed. To bridge this gap, in this paper, we first propose a novel pairwise intent graph (PIG) containing nodes of users, items, entities, and enhanced intents to integrate knowledge graphs into CARS efficiently. Enhanced intent nodes are generated through the specific fusion of relational sub-intent and contextual sub-intent, and they are derived from semantic information and contextual information, respectively. We develop a pairwise intent graph embedding learning (PING) framework based on it. Specifically, our PING uses a pairwise intent joint graph convolution module to obtain refined embedding of all the features, where each enhanced intent node acts as a hub to effectively propagate information among different features and between all the features and knowledge graphs. Then, a recommendation module with refined embeddings is used to replace the randomly initialized embeddings of downstream recommendation models to improve model performance. Extensive experiments on three public datasets and some real-world scenarios verify the effectiveness and compatibility of our PING.

Supporting Co-Regulation and Development of Self-Regulation Skills in Students With Intellectual Disabilities: A Scoping Review

Abstract Young people with intellectual disability (ID) frequently have challenges with self-regulation that impact their success and participation in daily life. As they often require additional support with self-regulation, it is important to consider regulatory function and skill development within the context of co-regulatory interactions with caregivers. This scoping review aimed to identify factors associated with improved self-regulation and co-regulation in young people with ID. The review was conducted using Arksey and O’Malley’s (2005) framework, with 142 full-text records reviewed and critically appraised. The diverse factors that affect regulatory function in young people with ID fit within the five categories identified in the model of factors contributing to self-regulation enactment — biology, skills, motivation, caregiver support, and environmental context — highlighting the relevance of this model to regulatory function for this population. This review’s findings allow this model to be refined further for young people with ID, identifying the unique factors contributing to self-regulation enactment for this population and intervention characteristics that may support regulatory function for these individuals.

‘You Know What They Know’- An Autoethnography of Working with Child Participants

The present study explores the experiential avenues of working with children as research participants through a critical lens. Using the qualitative method of autoethnography, the article captures the unique characteristics of working with children in research given the socio-political contexts of adult-child interactions. The thematic descriptions resulting from analyzing extensive field notes and anecdotes from the experience as a researcher try to highlight the challenges faced during the process. The study challenges adult-centric assumptions, and suggests strategies that lead to more effective and relevant policies and interventions. Including children’s perspectives also fosters their sense of agency, reduces power imbalances, and captures the diversity of their experiences.

Discourse markers of rejection in three varieties of Spanish

In the study of discourse markers in Spanish, a field with great vitality in the last few decades, it is common to overlook the expressions used to accept or reject a proposal, suggestion or petition, often included within the broader functions of agreement and disagreement. These answers, used in an informal oral interactive context, exhibit a rich dialectal variety. Due to the fleeting nature of their contexts of use, they are difficult to formally register for further study, especially when looking at them from a panhispanic perspective. For this reason, an anonymous survey was designed in order to ask native speakers about their familiarity with a series of discourse markers used to answer “no” to a proposal. The questionnaire was disseminated in the countries of Spain, Mexico and Colombia, specifically around the capital areas. Participants (N=223) evaluated from 1 (I do not know this expression) to 5 (I use this expression frequently) a series of possible responses, and they were offered the option to provide some other answers not included in the original list. Results show that, while some discourse markers are used to a certain degree in the three varieties, others are prototypical from one of these dialects. The opportunity to offer new expressions was very productive, especially in the case of participants from Colombia and Mexico. While this study focuses on three particular regions, it opens the door to a comparative analysis of discourse markers of negation throughout the Spanish speaking world.

Language and gender in a US reality TV show: An analysis of leadership discourse in single-sex interactions

This paper examines issues relating to language, gender and leadership in the debut season of the reality TV show The Apprentice (USA). In particular, it looks at the ways in which two male and two female project managers ‘do leadership’ through discourse in single-sex interactions. The analysis shows that these project managers display leadership styles which are by and large in accordance with the gendered norms and expectations. It is found that while their leadership styles are not evaluated entirely positively, the male managers receive both positive and negative comments for using predominantly masculine speech styles and the female managers who ‘do leadership’ by employing a largely feminine discourse style are perceived negatively. It is also argued that the singlesex contexts of interactions can be seen as being constructed intentionally in the TV show in order to capture the gender-stereotypical speech styles of ‘doing leadership’.

The Effects of Social Approval Signals on the Production of Online Hate: A Theoretical Explication

This essay explicates a middle range theory to predict and explain the propagation and magnification of hate messages on social media. It builds upon an assumption that people post hate messages in order to garner signals of social approval from other social media users. It articulates specific propositions involving several constructs, including signals of social approval, disapproval, and sufficiency of social approval. Six derived hypotheses predict how these dynamics apply in certain contexts of social media interaction involving hate posting. It reviews empirical research that applies to these hypotheses, raises issues for future research, and reviews concurrence and distinctions between this approach and other theories.

Linguistic variation in urban vernaculars and rural and urban youth language in South Africa

Abstract This article describes and attempts to differentiate varieties of spoken isiXhosa in South Africa – including variations of the isiXhosa-based stylect commonly referred to as Tsotsitaal (plural tsotsitaals), and the urban vernacular form of isiXhosa. The article introduces some new Tsotsitaal data from a rural context and unpacks whether a comparison with both standard and urban forms of isiXhosa is a useful analysis, and whether we can look at these different practices as varieties, or alternatively as a continuum of isiXhosa. The comparison highlights what may be features of the lexicon and morphosyntax of isiXhosa-based tsotsitaals compared to urban and standard isiXhosa, and points to possible differences between rural and urban tsotsitaals. Ultimately, the article concludes that the inherent variability in stylistic practice within youth and urban varieties demands larger datasets if we are to argue that different varieties are at play, rather than simply stylistic variation in interactional contexts.

Sonifying gait kinematics: generating water wading sounds through a digital Foley approach

AbstractIn the growing field of sonic interaction design, increasing emphasis is being placed on walking-based interactions within an array of applications, including virtual reality, interactive media, and rehabilitation. Our study focuses on recreating the aural experience of wading through water, specifically the challenge of eliciting accurate and natural movement-sound associations for wading, both in interactive and listening-only contexts. We engineered a real-time wading simulation using a digital Foley technique that maps lower limb angular velocity contours to the intensity of steady-state flowing sounds. Our first iteration was evaluated in a perceptual experiment involving 16 participants, as well as an interactive test with 9 participants, which revealed the need for additional sensors along with time-domain preprocessing to ensure a consistently natural sound envelope across walking cadences (step tempi). We then refined the mapping function and incorporated more sound layers. In our subsequent listening test, 55 participants compared the realism of the initial and refined versions with real-life wading sounds at various step cadences. While the refined version demonstrated a notable improvement over the initial one and was deemed fairly realistic overall, it fell just short of the authenticity of the real-life recordings at faster cadences, suggesting room for further improvement of our simulation. Nevertheless, this research marks a stride in the evolution of walking-based sonic interactions, instigating wider acceptance and application of such systems in the future.

A general framework for generative self-supervised learning in non-invasive estimation of physiological parameters using photoplethysmography

Aligning physiological parameter labels with large-scale photoplethysmographic (PPG) data for deep learning is challenging and resource-intensive. While self-supervised representation learning (SSRL) can handle limited annotated data, the challenge lies in learning robust shared representations from vast unlabeled data and integrating various contextual cues to learn distinctive representations. To alleviate these challenges, a generative SSRL framework TS2TC is proposed to collaboratively utilize the temporal, spectrogram, and temporal-spectrogram mixed domains to explore and incorporate the unique features of PPG for universal and non-invasive physiological parameter estimation. Initially, a pretext task named Cross-Temporal Fusion Generative Anchor (CTFGA) is designed, modeling temporal dependencies and reconstructing independent segments at a coarse level to provide robust global feature extraction and local semantic contextual representation. The framework also includes sub-signals from PPG with diverse frequency scales and order derivatives reflecting hemodynamics to facilitate learning shared representations at varying semantic levels. Secondly, an advanced cognitive-inspired dual-process transfer (DPT) strategy is formulated, consisting of prior-dependent autonomous processes and posterior observation reasoning processes, to leverage the independent and integrated advantages of shared and specific representations. Furthermore, TS2TC introduces a novel bilinear temporal-spectrogram fusion method in the mixed domain, aligning latent representations from different domains, and establishing fine-grained contextual interactions at the feature level across multiple sources of information. Extensive experiments on physiological parameter estimation tasks showed that the joint performance of CTFGA and DPT outperforms standard generative learning significantly. TS2TC achieved an average 2.49% improvement in RMSE over the current state-of-the-art estimation methods with only 10% training data.

Touristic Learning Behaviors and Outcomes in Theme Parks: The Role of Activity and Affectional Contexts

ABSTRACTExisting studies have highlighted the significance of touristic learning; however, few have explored the effectiveness of different learning contexts. This study employs a combination of spatial–temporal behavior analysis and survey research to investigate how activity context (static vs. interactive) and affectional context (positive vs. negative) influence visitors' spatial–temporal behaviors and learning outcomes in zoological theme parks. The results indicated that interactive contexts are more effective than static contexts in extending visitors' duration of stay, increasing the diversity of venues explored, and enhancing both emotion and learning outcomes of visitors. The moderating effect of affectional context is significant, with the positive context notably enhancing emotion and learning outcomes of visitors associated with the interactive context. Additionally, visitors' emotion played a mediating role in the relationship between activity contexts and learning outcomes. These empirical findings offer valuable practical implications for the design of educational experiences within theme parks.

Complaints Speech Acts between Customer and Staff at Western Cafe

A complaint is an expression of dissatisfaction about an act, omission, decision, or service that expects of the feedback given by the user. This study focuses on an interaction between customer and server: Western Café In Canggu strongly conveys the interaction using speech act categories. The objective of this study is to ascertain the many classifications of speech acts employed within the context of interactions between restaurant customers and servers. The method and technique used to capture data for this study were qualitative analysis and note-taking. Furthermore, the data were analyzed by using theory: Searle’s theory of speech act (1969) and Austin (1962) is used to define and classify the categories of speech act used by the server and customer. The findings show from every interaction that guest and server made and expressing of directive and expressive. Directive point is the most common illocutionary act used in conversation that how make easier the hearer to understand what the speaker mean.

Crisis negotiation techniques in interactional context: Managing a suicide threat in an emergency service call

Background: Previous research reveals that standard crisis negotiation techniques are useful in assisting suicidal persons, but how routine interactional procedures impact their implementation has not yet been sufficiently examined. Aim: This paper investigates how routine interactional procedures impact the effectiveness of crisis negotiation techniques in an emergency services call involving a suicide announcement. Methods: A publicly released emergency service call was transcribed and analyzed using the qualitative technique of conversation analysis. Results: The call taker used crisis negotiation techniques such as maximizing autonomy, displaying active listening, and distracting the caller to keep them on the phone. These techniques were implemented successfully through routine interactional procedures such as topic shifts, requests, and listener responses. Interrupting or overlapping the caller's speech or replacing requests with demands were less effective. Discussion: Instruction in the routine procedures of interaction may be as important as instruction in standard crisis negotiation techniques when training call takers to handle suicide announcement calls. Conclusions: Qualitative analysis of suicide announcement calls can be an effective means of learning how crisis negotiation techniques are used in practice and how emergency call takers can help prevent suicide by keeping callers on the phone and persuading them to abandon their suicidal plans.

ANALYSIS OF THE “EAST” IMAGE IN THE WORKS OF THE BEIJING SPIRITUAL MISSION LEADERS OF THE XVIII - EARLY XX CENTURIES

The purpose of the study. The article is devoted to the problem of forming ideas about the East in the representative writings of the Beijing Spiritual Mission. Special attention is paid to the ideas contributed to the formation of the socio-cultural construct “East”, which is important for the formation of the Russian state identity today, in the context of the formation of a multipolar world model. Conclusions. As a result of the research, we traced the evolution of the East images as “alien” and “other” in the intercultural interaction context through the activities of the Russian Ecclesiastical Mission in Beijing, which created the foundations for an effective intercultural dialogue of the period previously considered.

Multi-Task Environmental Perception Methods for Autonomous Driving.

In autonomous driving, environmental perception technology often encounters challenges such as false positives, missed detections, and low accuracy, particularly in detecting small objects and complex scenarios. Existing algorithms frequently suffer from issues like feature redundancy, insufficient contextual interaction, and inadequate information fusion, making it difficult to perform multi-task detection and segmentation efficiently. To address these challenges, this paper proposes an end-to-end multi-task environmental perception model named YOLO-Mg, designed to simultaneously perform traffic object detection, lane line detection, and drivable area segmentation. First, a multi-stage gated aggregation network (MogaNet) is employed during the feature extraction process to enhance contextual interaction by improving diversity in the channel dimension, thereby compensating for the limitations of feed-forward neural networks in contextual understanding. Second, to further improve the model's accuracy in detecting objects of various scales, a restructured weighted bidirectional feature pyramid network (BiFPN) is introduced, optimizing cross-level information fusion and enabling the model to handle object detection at different scales more accurately. Finally, the model is equipped with one detection head and two segmentation heads to achieve efficient multi-task environmental perception, ensuring the simultaneous execution of multiple tasks. The experimental results on the BDD100K dataset demonstrate that the model achieves a mean average precision (mAP50) of 81.4% in object detection, an Intersection over Union (IoU) of 28.9% in lane detection, and a mean Intersection over Union (mIoU) of 92.6% in drivable area segmentation. The tests conducted in real-world scenarios show that the model performs effectively, significantly enhancing environmental perception in autonomous driving and laying a solid foundation for safer and more reliable autonomous driving systems.

The Social Media Comment Section as an Unruly Public Arena: How Comment Reading Erodes Trust in News Media

The comment section accompanying news stories on social media offers an important interactive context for news, but may also afford the possibility to spread anti-establishment, trust-eroding comments. Exposure to such comments may affect social media users’ trust in news media. However, evidence of over-time effects is scarce. This study draws upon cultivation theory and uses a three-wave panel survey in the Netherlands ( N = 906). Findings indicate that increased comment reading at T2 exacerbates and deepens news media mistrust at T3, suggesting that exposure to the comment section accompanying news stories posted on social media indeed has negative ramifications for news media trust. News media seem to be closing off their own comment section and delegating commenting to social media in part to create a buffer between themselves and trust-eroding comments. Our findings suggest this buffer is not as solid as news media might hope.

Prostate Cancer's Silent Partners: Fibroblasts and Their Influence on Glutamine Metabolism Manipulation.

Cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF)s in the tumour microenvironment (TME) modulate the extracellular matrix, interact with cancer cells, and facilitate communication with infiltrating leukocytes, significantly contributing to cancer progression and therapeutic response. In prostate cancer (PCa), CAFs promote malignancy through metabolic rewiring, cancer stem cell regulation, and therapy resistance. Pre-clinical studies indicate that targeting amino acid metabolism, particularly glutamine (Gln) metabolism, reduces cancer proliferation and stemness. However, most studies lack the context of CAF-cancer interaction, focusing on monocultures. This study assesses the influence of CAFs on PCa growth by manipulating Gln metabolism using colour-labelled PCa cell lines (red) and fibroblast (green) in a co-culture system to evaluate CAFs' effects on PCa cell proliferation and clonogenic potential. CAFs increased the proliferation of hormone-sensitive LNCaP cells, whereas the castration-resistant C4-2 cells were unaffected. However, clonogenic growth increased in both cell lines. Gln deprivation and GLS1 inhibition experiments revealed that the increased growth rate of LNCAP cells was associated with increased dependence on Gln, which was confirmed by proteomic analyses. Tissue analysis of PCa patients revealed elevated GLS1 levels in both the PCa epithelium and stroma, suggesting that GLS1 is a therapeutic target. Moreover, the median overall survival analysis of GLS1 expression in the PCa epithelium and stroma identified a "high-risk" patient group that may benefit from GLS1-targeted therapies. Therefore, GLS1 targeting appears promising in castration-resistant PCa patients with high GLS1 epithelium and low GLS1 stromal expression.

BCMFIFuse: A Bilateral Cross-Modal Feature Interaction-Based Network for Infrared and Visible Image Fusion

The main purpose of infrared and visible image fusion is to produce a fusion image that incorporates less redundant information while incorporating more complementary information, thereby facilitating subsequent high-level visual tasks. However, obtaining complementary information from different modalities of images is a challenge. Existing fusion methods often consider only relevance and neglect the complementarity of different modalities’ features, leading to the loss of some cross-modal complementary information. To enhance complementary information, it is believed that more comprehensive cross-modal interactions should be provided. Therefore, a fusion network for infrared and visible fusion is proposed, which is based on bilateral cross-feature interaction, termed BCMFIFuse. To obtain features in images of different modalities, we devise a two-stream network. During the feature extraction, a cross-modal feature correction block (CMFC) is introduced, which calibrates the current modality features by leveraging feature correlations from different modalities in both spatial and channel dimensions. Then, a feature fusion block (FFB) is employed to effectively integrate cross-modal information. The FFB aims to explore and integrate the most discriminative features from the infrared and visible image, enabling long-range contextual interactions to enhance global cross-modal features. In addition, to extract more comprehensive multi-scale features, we develop a hybrid pyramid dilated convolution block (HPDCB). Comprehensive experiments on different datasets reveal that our method performs excellently in qualitative, quantitative, and object detection evaluations.

Human exploitation of a straight-tusked elephant (Palaeoloxodon) in Middle Pleistocene deposits at Pampore, Kashmir, India

Stone tools in association with Pleistocene elephant remains were recovered from Pampore, Kashmir, India, in 2000 from channel deposits in the Pampore Member of the Upper Karewa Group of sediments, which are interpreted as Middle Pleistocene in age. In March 2019 the elephant remains were re-examined to establish taxonomy, cause of death and evidence of human intervention, alongside study of the stone tools and age of the site. This paper reports the results of this work. Most of the elephant remains, including skull and tusks, are from a large adult, but at least two other elephants are also represented. Taxonomic analysis shows that the adult belongs to the genus Palaeoloxodon, but with a mix of features not seen in typical Palaeoloxodon skulls from the Indian Subcontinent. Pathology of the skull indicates severe sinusitis, which may have contributed to the death. No cut-marks from butchery were found on the elephant bones, although three elephant bone flakes were identified, linking human intervention with elephants at the site. The small lithic assemblage is in fresh condition with some refitting artefacts, both suggesting minimal post-depositional movement. Most of the artefacts consist of flakes, flake tools and cores, but with several points and blades suggestive of an early Mode 3 prepared core technology. This might indicate a late Middle Pleistocene age for the site. Further dating evidence using amino acid racemisation on elephant tooth enamel is ongoing, but consistent with this age. The association of stone tools with humanly-modified elephant remains is rare, while prepared core technology is currently scarce further north or east in Asia in the late Middle Pleistocene. The significance of the discovery is discussed in the wider context of Middle Pleistocene elephant-human interaction.

Predicting social experience from dyadic interaction dynamics: the BallGame, a novel paradigm to study social engagement

Theories of embodied cognition suggest that a shared environment and ongoing sensorimotor interaction are central for interpersonal learning and engagement. To investigate the embodied, distributed and hence dynamically unfolding nature of social cognitive capacities, we present a novel laboratory-based coordination task: the BallGame. Our paradigm requires continuous sensing and acting between two players who jointly steer a virtual ball around obstacles towards as many targets as possible. By analysing highly resolved measures of movement coordination and gaming behaviour, game-concurrent experience ratings, semi-structured interviews, and personality questionnaires, we reveal contributions from different levels of observation on social experience. In particular, successful coordination (number of targets collected) and intermittent periods of high versus low movement coordination (variability of relation) emerged as prominent predictors of social experience. Importantly, having the same (but incomplete) view on the game environment strengthened interpersonal coordination, whereas complementary views enhanced engagement and tended to generate more complex interactive behaviour. Overall, we find evidence for a critical balance between similarity and synchrony on the one hand, and variability and difference on the other, for successful engagement in social interactions. Finally, following participant reports, we highlight how interpersonal experience emerges from specific histories of coordination that are closely related to the interaction context in both space and time.

Establishing recipiency in divergent L2 contexts of classroom interaction: A conversation analysis

Establishing recipiency, an indispensable ingredient and manifestation of sustaining intersubjectivity, constitutes the continuous monitoring of an ongoing turn in an interaction. The present study intended to describe how interactants attending a freshman common course in an Ethiopian university elicit and display recipiency in instances of Divergent L2 contexts exhibiting DIUs. Naturally occurring video-recorded classroom interactions of the purposively selected interactants have been analyzed in light of the Conversation Analytic framework to show how interactants elicit and display recipiency. By deploying reactive tokens, incipient speakers negotiate their rights to shape and reshape trajectories of an ongoing thereby displaying recipiency. This contributes to a better understanding of how interactures, in this case the establishment of intersubjectivity and L2 contexts, interplay and unfold in moments of DIUs. Also, viewing interactants as incipient speakers, and thereby articulating turns in view of recipients is a condition for sustaining intersubjectivity through active engagement. This requires upholding unwavering belief about recipients’ stake in an interactional exchange. Practically, being attentive to recipients' states in the different trajectories of interactional development, especially, in moments of divergent L2 contexts that exhibit DIUs, would be illuminating. This is because the use of resources to elicit and display recipiency and thereby consider incipient speakers' levels of recipiency, on the part of floor-holding speaker, would enhance possibilities for intersubjectivity.