Interaction Of Actors Research Articles

The Constitution of Dubai’s Mobile-App-Mediated Spatiotemporal Glocalization: Postphenomenology and Postdigitality in Dialogue

The present study proposes the notion-complex of “spatiotemporal glocalization” as a potentially postdigital phenomenon inhering in the touristscape representations mediated by mobile apps, with an analytic focus on the Dubai Travel mobile app. An integrative tripartite approach has been adopted with three theoretical models at work: (1) Don Ihde’s postphenomenological perspective as reconcilable with Roudometof’s model of refracted glocalities; (2) Vásquez and Cooren’s theoretical model of Communicative Constitution of Organizing (CCO); and (3) Jürgen Habermas’s pragmatic model of speech acts. Three findings have resulted from the approach-informed analysis. First, there existed various postdigital refracted touristic glocalities about Dubai with globally flowing cultural landscapes: ethnoscapes, mediascapes, financescapes, ideoscapes, and technoscapes. Second, it was demonstrated that the app-mediated glocalities have been organized through three spacing practices: (1) presentifying the materiality of glocalized hybrid interactions of techno-human actors, (2) ordering the glocal scripted trajectories of Dubai touristscape by creating more space and time across a 5-day regular framework of intervals, and (3) accounting as associated with the glocal narrative of Dubai touristscape through specifying its scripted trajectory at traditional and modern levels. Third, speech act theory has been instrumental in defining the “discourse worlds” in which human–nonhuman interactions communicatively unfolded, namely, mobile-interface technological actors and app users.

How Do Multiple Actors Conduct Science Communication About Omicron on Weibo: A Mixed-Method Study

This article explores science communication about Omicron on Weibo by eight actors from November 2021 to June 2022. Regarding the themes of vaccines, symptoms, and medicines, we examined the actors’ communication with content analysis, presented the interactions of different actors using social network analysis, and assessed the impact of weibos on public sentiment using SnowNLP and descriptive statistics. The results showed that scientists are still the most important actors, focusing on science issues and using contrasting and contextual frames. Central-level media play an essential mediating role, relaying scientific knowledge. Science communication on Weibo had a positive impact on public sentiment.

Гуманітарна діяльність в умовах війни в Україні

This article is devoted to the study of humanitarian action of the international and national actors in Ukraine. The urgency of the work is driven by the deepening of the humanitarian crisis against the background of the continuation of the active phase of the Russia-Ukraine war. The purpose of the article is to generalize the contextual changes of humanitarian action in Ukraine, including institutional, sectoral, managerial and other aspects. The novelty of the study consists in the formulation of proposals for the activation of humanitarian action in Ukraine at the national and local levels, which are rethought through the prism of the international humanitarian system and the features of humanitarian response in Ukraine. The desk research of open sources which is supported by a review of the latest thematic publications, operational summaries, data sets and their analysis is used for this purpose. An overview of the modern international humanitarian system, the main tools and mechanisms of humanitarian response is provided. International and domestic categorical apparatuses in the field of humanitarian action are compared. New dimensions of the humanitarian crisis, systemic challenges and operational problems of humanitarian response that arose after February 24, 2022 in Ukraine are summarized. The funding for humanitarian needs of Ukraine over the past decade has been analyzed, including interagency response plans for Ukraine for 2022 (the Flash Appeal and the Regional Refugee Response Plan). The humanitarian response at the international and national levels has been studied. It has been concluded that humanitarian action in Ukraine is based on reliable tools, mechanisms and models of the international humanitarian system, as well as on its own humanitarian traditions and initiatives. Together, they ensure the effectiveness and efficiency of humanitarian response and contribute to unprecedented financial support for Ukraine in the global dimension. Thanks to this, in a fairly short time, a new space for humanitarian action began to form in Ukraine, in which the presence of international and national humanitarian actors was expanded and the interaction of humanitarian actors was improved.

Access to healthcare technologies in the context of sanctions and unilateral restrictive measures.

The object of the study is public relations arising from the interaction of international intergovernmental organizations, government agencies, transnational corporations and non-state actors in the framework of ensuring human access to health technologies in the context of unilateral restrictive measures and sanctions. The subject of the study is international legal norms, documents of international organizations, as well as acts of domestic law that form guarantees of ensuring the human right to the highest attainable level of health and access to healthcare technologies. The purpose of the study is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the practical significance of the application of international legal and domestic mechanisms aimed at minimizing the humanitarian consequences of sanctions and unilateral restrictive measures and expanding access to vital health technologies. The methodology of the study is based on the general scientific method of cognition, including the formal logical and situational method and private law methods, such as comparative, historical and formal legal methods. The article presents an analysis of the importance of health technologies in achieving international goals in the field of development and human health protection, as well as priorities in the implementation of national health strategies. The theoretical aspects of access to healthcare technologies in the context of unilateral restrictive measures are consistently considered as an important element of ensuring international guarantees of human rights protection. The authors present the differences in the normative content of the concepts of "sanctions" and "unilateral restrictive measures" in accordance with international law, as well as a legal assessment of the legitimacy of their application. The article systematizes the consequences of the application of unilateral restrictive measures on the availability of healthcare technologies in various regions of the world, as well as the practice of applying the norms of international and domestic law to overcome them.

Культура бесконфликтного общения военнослужащих: современное содержание

The study clarifies the current content and structure of the military personnel communication culture. To achieve this goal, the relevance of the analysis of military personnel communication culture and its functional role were concretized at the first stage of the study. At the second stage, the study of the military personnel communication culture is theoretically justified, its essential manifestation is revealed. At the third stage, the presented theoretical developments are correlated with the practical understanding of the problem by the servicemen themselves and the structural components of the culture of communication of servicemen are revealed. It is proposed to consider the culture of communication as a form of social culture – a narrower cultural complex of values, principles and norms accepted and shared by members of military collectives and defining the style of interaction and communication of military actors. In modern conditions, the military personnel communication culture is conditionally classified into the culture of conflict-free and conflict-free communication. The characteristic of these forms is presented. At the same time, the culture of conflict communication is studied in the context of the implementation of motivation for the conflict solution of service and work tasks. It is proved that the culture of conflict-free communication is based on the values, principles, traditions and norms that presuppose and orient the serviceman to resolve and prevent conflict situations. The military personnel conflict-free communication culture is characterized not only by knowledge and understanding of the need for conflict-free professional interaction, the desire for a compromise solution of service issues, but also by the practical skills of actors to assess, prevent, and in some cases resolve conflicts in the course of their own official activities. The presence of a culture of conflict-free communication, on the one hand, determines the competence of conflict-free communications, on the other hand, it is the practice of tolerant respect for colleagues. This culture allows a serviceman not to create conditions for transferring conflict situations to service and labor interaction, to understand the meaning, motivation of the behavior of colleagues and opponents, constantly reduce, and in some cases completely eliminate excessive social tension, overcome emotional outbursts in the process of solving professional tasks.

Dramaturgies for Re-imagining Murray-Darling Basin governing

ABSTRACTHistorically, governing, and thus planning, the Murray-Darling Basin (MDB) has been framed in a plethora of ways. Seemingly, ‘the plan’ and planning has to be all things to all people, but the reforms, instituted in the Water Act 2007 (Cwlth), have resulted in greater complexity, uncertainty and controversy. Effective governing of the Basin along an unfolding, viable trajectory within an Anthropocene-world seems more elusive than ever. In this context, we propose a research and praxis agenda for dramaturgy as an initiative that seeks ‘effective’ water governance in the MDB. A dramaturge is someone,group, body or process who writes/adapts a play, brings forth a particular type of performance set in an ever-changing audience/context. Dramaturges engage in praxis. Two exemplar dramaturgies , developed through ex poste and ex ante analyses, are outlined. Each can be refined or consolidated in an on-going deliberative inquiry-process that generates social learning and effects concerted action for future MDB governance. Our research inquiry is exploratory but is based on a choice to frame governance from a cyber-systemic perspective, a praxis continually enacted through the interactions of actors, their symbols and frames and feedback dynamics between the social and biophysical world. We show how a dramaturgical framework can be used to analyse a policy process to reveal the important symbolic and performative dimensions, which are usually unrecognised.

An Analysis of Political Vigilantism in Ghana Using the Spitcerow Model

The paper is a qualitative analysis of the dynamics of political vigilantism in the fourth republic of Ghana. The goal is to contribute to the understanding of the dynamics of political vigilantism and the behaviors and interactions of actors in the political processes of Ghana. The paper deployed the SPITCEROW model as the framework of analysis of political vigilantism in Ghana. Political vigilante violence increases during general elections in Ghana. In 2024, Ghana will hold general elections. Some Ghanaians are concerned that the country may witness a recurrence of increase vigilante violence and activities in the 2024 general elections. We take the view that understanding the dynamics and complexities in political vigilantism is essential in combating it. The paper draws data from secondary sources including research reports, articles, and online news reports. The analysis demonstrates that the dynamics of political vigilantism in Ghana are complex, multidimensional, and fluid. The analysis further indicates that unaddressed structural deficiencies in the Ghanaian society create fertile grounds for the birth, growth and thriving of vigilante groups and activities. Vigilante tactics range from physical to emotional, psychological, and verbal. There are multiple actors with varied behaviors, positions, interests, identities, and needs in political vigilantism. Therefore, we argued that multilevel interventions are necessary for confronting the multilayered conditions that are responsible for the emergence and thriving of political vigilante groups. We concluded that any effort that is aimed at dealing with political vigilantism in Ghana without addressing the structural sources may not produce sustainable outcomes. Keywords: Political, Vigilantism, Analysis, Ghana, SPITCEROW DOI: 10.7176/DCS/13-2-03 Publication date: February 28 th 2023

The role of power-based behaviours on pharmaceutical supply chain resilience

PurposeThis study aims to explore the effect of power-based behaviours on pharmaceutical supply chain (PSC) resilience.Design/methodology/approachThis study used a mixed-method approach to explore the role of power-based behaviours in PSC resilience. Qualitative interviews from 23 key PSC stakeholders, followed by thematic analysis, revealed the underlying perceptions regarding PSC resilience. Quantitative propositions were then developed based on the themes adopted from PSC resilience literature and the qualitative findings. These were tested via a survey questionnaire administered to 106 key stakeholders across the various levels in the PSC. Structural equation modelling with partial least squares was used to analyse the data.FindingsThe data analysed identified proactive and reactive strategies as resilience strategies in the PSC. However, power-based behaviours represented by quota systems, information and price control influenced these resilience strategies. From a complex adaptive system (CAS) perspective, the authors found that when power-based behaviours were exhibited, the interactions between PSC actors were mixed. There was a negative influence on reactive strategies and a positive influence on proactive strategies. The analysis also showed that PSC complexities measured by stringent regulations, long lead times and complex production moderated the effect of power-based behaviour on reactive strategies. Thus, the negative impact of power-based behaviours on reactive strategies stemmed from PSC complexities.Research limitations/implicationsThis research particularly reveals the role of power-based behaviours in building PSC resilience. By evaluating the nexus from a CAS perspective, the analysis considered power-based behaviours and the moderating role of PSC complexities in developing resilience strategies. This study considers the interactions of PSC actors. This study shows that power asymmetry is a relational concept that inhibits the efficacy of reactive strategies. This study thus advocates the importance of power in achieving a more resilient PSC from a holistic perspective by highlighting the importance of the decision-making process among supply chain (SC) partners. The findings are particularly relevant if PSC resilience is viewed as a CAS. All the interactions and decision-making processes affect outcomes because of their inherent complexities. Although this study focused on the PSC, its implications could be extended to other SCs.Practical implicationsThe authors identified that power-based behaviours influenced resilience strategies. It was detrimental to reactive strategies because of the complexities of the PSC but beneficial to proactive strategies through resource-sharing. PSC actors are therefore encouraged to pursue proactive strategies as this may aid in mitigating the impact of disruptions. However, power-based behaviours bred partner dissatisfaction. This dissatisfaction may occur even within strategic alliances indicating that power could be detrimental to proactive strategies. Therefore, it is pertinent to identify conditions that lead to dissatisfaction when pursuing strategic partnerships. This study provides insight into actual behaviours influencing resilience and quantifies their effects on the PSC. These insights will be valuable for all SC partners wanting to improve their resilience strategies.Originality/valuePrevious PSC management and resilience studies have not examined the role of power in building resilience in the PSC. This paper thus provides a unique contribution by identifying the role of power in PSC resilience, offers empirical evidence and a novel theoretical perspective for future practice and research in building PSC resilience strategies.

A 31-plex panel for high-dimensional single-cell analysis of murine preclinical models of solid tumors by imaging mass cytometry.

Currently, the study of resistance mechanisms and disease progression in cancer relies on the capacity to analyze tumors as a complex ecosystem of healthy and malignant cells. Therefore, one of the current challenges is to decipher the intra-tumor heterogeneity and especially the spatial distribution and interactions of the different cellular actors within the tumor. Preclinical mouse models are widely used to extend our understanding of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Such models are becoming more sophisticated and allow investigating questions that cannot be addressed in clinical studies. Indeed, besides studying the tumor cell interactions within their environment, mouse models allow evaluating the efficacy of new drugs and delivery approaches, treatment posology, and toxicity. Spatially resolved analyses of the intra-tumor heterogeneity require global approaches to identify and localize a large number of different cell types. For this purpose, imaging mass cytometry (IMC) is a major asset in the field of human immuno-oncology. However, the paucity of validated IMC panels to study TME in pre-clinical mouse models remains a critical obstacle to translational or basic research in oncology. Here, we validated a panel of 31 markers for studying at the single-cell level the TME and the immune landscape for discovering/characterizing cells with complex phenotypes and the interactions shaping the tumor ecosystem in mouse models.

Actors Distortion of News Agencies Framing Surveys in Online Mass Media about Political Parties Bearer Presidential-Candidates 2024

This research aims to acknowledge the News Framing of political actors in online mass media in determining presidential candidates in 2024. A political actor is an individual who plays a role in networking and Communication actions, acting as individuals, groups, or organizations. Political actors in the black box in the theory of actor networks are framed through the processing of information resulting from the social interactions of individual actors involved in everyday life, who are tied to systems and ideologies regarding their views on a political party reality. The actions of actors Survey institutions and online mass media in the community model network of actors with a situational approach. The theory used is the theory of actor networks and qualitative descriptive research methods with a narrative approach to analyzing online mass media news framing. The study’s result shows an integrated black box between the theory of actor networks and the theory of communicative actions. The news framing indicates a distortion of survey agency actors through online mass communication networks due to the efforts of survey agency actors. Unreliable survey results deceive political party actors in the presidential nomination of the Republic of Indonesia in 2024 who cannot carry actors in political parties. Political Parties are distorted due to the lack of use of internal survey agencies of political parties and the role of Political Parties Actors, which is still minimal to socialize with constituents, as well as dependence on external survey agencies, which are profit organizations. Political Parties are incapable of producing leaders who are already institutionally managed. Further research recommendations on the role of Political Parties actors in managing quality Human Resources in collecting and preparing actors ready to become national leaders.

Почему критика выдохлась? От фактов к вопросам, вызывающим озабоченность

This article proposes a revision of the notion of critique developed in the social sciences at the beginning of the twenty-first century. Bruno Latour suggests that criticism has largely lost its explanatory potential and has become an obstacle to responding to new challenges and threats. He suggests a radical revision of both the instruments and targets of critical analysis while observing the emergence of the “instant revisionism” phenomenon with its pseudo-critical analysis that challenges the facts established by science or jurisprudence, thus imitating the procedures of the sociology of science that Latour, himself, extensively used in his work of the eighties and nineties. He equally signalizes the transformation of critical procedures from an attribute of elitist academic culture to a key element of the conspiracy theories that have proliferated with the advent of social media and alternative information sources. Latour emphasizes that conspiracy theories and “instant revisionism” have become instruments in the hands of political forces challenging the established scientific consensus on the key role of anthropogenic factors in climate change. Simultaneously, he disapproves of returning to the pre-critical realism that does not consider the complex procedure of the “production” of facts, which does not amount to so-called “social constructivism.” To overcome this crisis, Latour proposes a gradual transition from the outdated notion of “facts” to a new concept, “matters of concern.” This new approach will account for the complex procedure of producing new entities and the interactions of human and non-human actors. Meanwhile, it will enable the recognition of the irrelevance of objections to already established states of affairs and adopt an authentic realist attitude that combines the virtues of critical methodology and the new pragmatism.

ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ СОВРЕМЕННЫХ КОММУНИКАТИВНЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ В ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯХ В УСЛОВИЯХ ЦИФРОВИЗАЦИИ

In modern conditions, the role of infocommunications has significantly increased, and their widespread use in the socio-economic sphere began to manifest itself most clearly during the coronavirus pandemic, when most companies switched to a remote work format. The purpose of the study is to systematize the distinctive features of modern communications that ensure the effective interaction of institutions and actors in the business environment and to present an assessment of the current state of communication technologies that affect digitalization processes. The article presents the role of communication technologies in providing competitive advantages for enterprises and organizations. The basis of the methodology for writing this article was theoretical and empirical research methods. In the study of the essence of the category "communication", synthesis and analysis of the accumulated scientific results was used, the logical method was applied in the study of trends in the development of communication technologies, and the method of analyzing the results obtained was used in drawing conclusions. As a result, the main factors and barriers that impede the effective implementation of the communication process in organizations in the context of digitalization are identified, and the distinctive features of modern communications due to the development of digital and information technologies are identified. The main stages of the evolutionary development of digital communications associated with the emergence of new and unique technologies for their time are identified. The influence of the technological factor on the emergence of various types of infocommunication technologies are established, the competitive advantages that organizations using infocommunications receive are determined.

ВЗАЄМОЗВ’ЯЗОК СВІТОВОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ ТА ПОЛІТИКИ У СУЧАСНОМУ СВІТІ: ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЯ ТА ВИКЛИКИ

The article discusses the debatable issues of the relationship between world politics and the world economy. The relationship between politics and economics in international relations at the beginning of the 21st century is realized with the help of mechanisms typical for this period. The purpose of the study is to assess the state and development trends of the world economy in view of the transformations and challenges of the modern world. The author used a set of general scientific and special methods of cognition: theoretical generalization, comparison, analysis and synthesis. The author notes that in our time such new mechanisms as the interaction of states and global economic actors have appeared. intergovernmental organizations and transnational capital, as well as relations between developed and sovereign developing states. In their interactions, they use economic means as a factor in the struggle for influence in the world, region or country. An important manifestation of this trend is qualitatively new mechanisms of the relationship between politics and economics in international relations, primarily the activities of international actors who use economic means to fight for influence in the world. In addition to political borders, economic borders also appear on the world map. All this requires scientific understanding and analytical research, because globalization, technological progress and growing international dependence create a complex landscape in which economic and political affairs cannot be considered separately. In the modern world, the relationship between the world economy and politics is becoming more and more inseparable. Political decisions and global economic challenges interact and influence each other. Understanding this relationship becomes key to the development of strategies that will contribute to sustainable economic growth, harmony in international relations, and the achievement of global stability. Only through joint efforts and dialogue between politicians and economists can optimal solutions be found to solve the most important challenges facing the modern world.

Культурная интеграция как основное направление во взаимодействии тюркских государств: истоки, формирование и институционализация

The article is devoted to the study of the issues of Turkic integration and Turkic cultural integration, the consideration of concepts, and interconnectedness, as well as the study of the content aspect. There are similarities and differences between these categories due to the common motivation for cooperation and the processes of institutionalization. There is a transfusion of integration from one sphere to another, which deepens and expands the overall integrative interaction and aims at finding new areas of mutually beneficial cooperation. Turkic integration is a more holistic understanding and phenomenon due to the national position towards interaction and cooperation of interested actors (Turkic—speaking states, autonomies with a Turkic-speaking population, international Turkic organizations, experts, etc.). Turkic cultural integration being a part of it, the concept is narrow, it affects more sectoral aspects. Cooperation in the field of culture for the Turkic-speaking countries becomes an opportunity to join their common historical and mental roots, to establish an exchange of experience for the preservation of a unique heritage. Within the framework of the study, the periodization of integration processes is proposed, with the reduction of the event series, sequence, and results of joint actions of the Turkic-speaking countries. In our opinion, every event or fact contributes to the deepening of integration and expands the horizons of cooperation. The institutionalization of Turkic cultural integration, accompanied by the emergence of new initiatives and projects, is studied by the example of the formation and functioning of TURKSOY.

The Russian Orthodox Church as an Actor of the Politics of Memory: the Study of Local Theological Discourses (on the Example of the Lipetsk Region)

The article is devoted to the study of local theological discourses of the Russian Orthodox Church in the context of the specifics of the "young regions" of Russia. The application of the methodological ideas of P. Bourdieu, B. Latour and S. Jäger allowed to analyze the specifics of the interaction of the main actors of symbolic politics in the Lipetsk region, as well as to identify the place and role of the Lipetsk Metropolis with each of them. It was revealed that the Lipetsk Metropolis is striving not so much for competition and dominance in the symbolic space of the region, as it is trying to strengthen the religious dimension and interpretation of the history of the region, developing interaction with each of the actors of the politics of memory. This makes it possible to further strengthen the potential of the Metropolis in the rapid mobilization of resources to promote its own memorial projects, which in the region are primarily associated with the restoration of churches and monasteries. The study revealed five main discursive strategies of the Metropolis as an actor in the politics of memory, associated with the desire to present the history of the region as the history of the formation of Orthodoxy, to present the Lipetsk land as the defender of Russia, with active participation in military commemorations, the desire to interpret the important role of the era of Peter I in the development of Russian Orthodoxy, as well as selective criticism of the Soviet historical experience.

Not so fast! Data temporalities in law enforcement and border control

In this paper, we investigate the temporal implications of data in law enforcement and border control. We start from the assumption that the velocity of knowledge and action is defined by heterogeneous formations and interactions of various actors, sites, and materials. To analyze these formations and interactions, we introduce and unpack the concept of “data temporality.” Data temporality explicates how the speed of knowledge and action in datafied environments unfolds in close correspondence with (1) variegated social rhythms, (2) technological inscriptions, and (3) the balancing of speed with other priorities. Specifically, we use the notion of data temporality as a heuristic tool to explore the entanglements of data and time within two case studies: Frontex’ Joint Operation Reporting Application and the predictive policing software PRECOBS. The analysis identifies two key themes in the empirical constitution of data temporalities. The first one pertains to the creation of events as reference points for temporally situated knowledge and action. And the second one pertains to timing and actionability, that is, the question of when interventions based on data analysis should be triggered.

МЕМОРИАЛЬНЫЕ ЗАКОНЫ СУБЪЕКТОВ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ И СПЕЦИФИКА РЕГИОНАЛЬНОЙ ИСТОРИИ: ИНСТРУМЕНТАРИЙ ДЛЯ СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ

The study deals with the historical content of the memorial laws of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, its dependence on the specifics of the political history of the territories of Russian regions. A qualitative analysis of the initial data made it possible to identify some trends in the purposeful reflection of regional historical features in the laws, such as emphasizing the uniqueness of the contribution to the development of Russian statehood; the inclusion of events that occurred before the territory of the modern region became part of the Russian state; interpretation of the nature of the inclusion of the territories of national republics into Russia. To conduct a comparative quantitative study, original tools were developed – the index of the specifics of political history (the values of regional indicators vary from ≥ 0 to ≤ 9) and the index of the historical content of memorial laws (the values of regional indicators vary from ≥ 0 to ≤ 8). Correlation analysis revealed a statistical relationship between the specifics of political history and the historical content of the regional “laws of memory” – it turned out to be positive and significant. At the same time, the study confirmed that in the practice of commemoration of historical events, not everything is determined by history itself. The repertoire of the actualized past, which found expression in laws, in each case was formed as a result of the interaction of regional ruling elites with professional historians and social activists. The development of tools for a comparative analysis of scenarios for the interaction of mnemonic actors in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and the quantitative measurement of factors influencing historical policy in terms of the adoption of regional memorial laws is the task of a new study.

The Institutions and Mechanisms of The Russian Innovation System's Regulation in The Mirror of Narratives

The innovation system is a set of institutions and regulatory mechanisms that create an environment for the interaction of organisations and actors in the academic sphere, business and the state. An analysis of the formal institutions of the Russian innovation system (RIS) showed that it has a complex structure consisting of numerous overlapping institutions and duplicating regulatory mechanisms. The state and the academic sphere are closely integrated into a single management hierarchy, and interaction with the business is carried out indirectly through development institutions and the mechanism of public procurement. In cooperation with the academy, large private and state-owned companies often solve the problem of training their own human resources rather than creating innovations. Comparison of the multi-level structure of the RIS and its reflection in the actors' narratives made it possible to show the complexity of the systemic perception of innovation activity in Russia and highlight the following dysfunctions of the RIS: The low quality of formal institutions and the lack of consistency in regulation; Selectivity and inconsistency of the ongoing state innovation policy; Underdevelopment of mechanisms for the formation of links between science and business; Lack of infrastructure, production and production capacities for scaling innovative products; Underfunding of education, science and innovative developments by the state and private business; Breach of the mechanisms for the reproduction of human resources for innovation.

Social and network interaction on the Internet: to the definition of the media phenomenon

The large-scale introduction of computers into professional and everyday human activities, the formation of a global mass communication system based on the Internet and the formation of a single network space formed the basis of a modern social communication system. But at the same time, despite the long period of their development, there was no unambiguous concept denoting the phenomenon of Internet-based media, which includes means of communication, as well as the social-network interaction environment formed by them. The authors analyze four concepts used to display the media phenomenon: (1) information and communication environment, (2) social network space, (3) media space and (4) public communication space. Analysis shows that each of these concepts focuses on a specific aspect of the communications of modern society. The information and communication environment is a semi-structured set of computers and information and telecommunication technologies that allow organizing actor interactions to coordinate their activities in the storage, transmission, processing of information. A social network space is rhizome from social media, which allows users to organize online communication and produce user-generated content. Media space is a complex configuration of social media related to the production and consumption of media, the unity of which, within the framework of the information picture of the world, holds a certain social space together. The public communications space is a set of social media aimed at mainstreaming socially significant problems and discussing in the social-network space.

Increasing Return and Russian Innovation System

For the development of the national innovation system, it is necessary to meet three fundamental conditions: economic and political stability, entrepreneurial initiative, and increasing returns. The article examines what problems in the Russian innovation system are associated with mechanisms of increasing returns. An increasing return in this paper is a class of social (economic) interactions with positive feedback that allow you to benefit from the expansion of the scale of activity. The modern world of increasing returns is connected not onlywith the development of technologies but also with institutions and regulatory mechanisms. The article develops the narrative economics’ approach to analysing the Russian innovationsystem and the mechanisms of increasing returns. Narratives contained in 27 in-depth interviewsof representatives of the academic sphere related to innovation activities are used as data sources. The research highlights the main problems of the Russian innovation system related to the mechanisms of increasing returns. Among such issues, the author identified: a violation of consistency in the interactions of various elements and actors of innovation, weak demand for innovation from business, underdevelopment of physical and institutional infrastructure for innovation, failures in the development and implementation of public policy in the field of innovation, problems with attracting financing for innovative development andtheir implementation, lack of qualified personnel and failures in the system of their reproduction.The use of qualitative methods makes it possible not only to identify relevant problems of the Russian innovation system for actors but also to take a step towards developing a more comprehensive understanding of the state of functions and dysfunctions of existing regulatory mechanisms and institutions.