Intersystem Interactions Research Articles

COVID-19 and (the health-related promotion of) physical activity. The situation before, during and after the pandemic

ABSTRACT Building on the sociological discussion of sports and its reflections through Luhmann’s systems theory, this article explores the question: ‘How has the (health-related) promotion of physical activity been perceived before/during/after the COVID-19 pandemic?’ Our findings reveal differences across the three periods studied: (1) before the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic (2018–2020), physical activity was generally perceived, inter alia, as a means to prevent chronic illness. Despite being driven by different logics, both the sport and health systems competed in promoting physical activity. (2) During the height of the pandemic (2020–2022), most forms of physical activity were considered potential vectors for spreading the virus. While the health system prioritized pandemic control, the sports system faced significant limitations in engaging the population. (3) In the post-pandemic years 2022–2024, while a societal shift re-established the pre-pandemic status quo, several social changes become integral to our daily life. These changes present both risks and opportunities for physical activity. If the previously systemic coupling between the sports and health systems fails to re-consolidate, there may be an increased need for individual initiative and new inter-systemic interactions to keep people physically active. The conclusions highlight this issue as part of rising social inequality.

Features Of The Relationship Between Postural Balance Indicators And Heart Rate Variability In Elderly Women With Falls Syndrome

Objective — The goal of our study was to establish the relationship between the postural balance and heart rate variability (HRV) in elderly women with the falls syndrome. Material and Methods — The study was conducted on120 women aged 60-74 YO. The study group included women with the falls syndrome who experienced two or more falls during the year (n=60), while the comparison group consisted of women without falls (n=60). Postural balance assessment was performed via the computerized stabilometric complex Balance Master®, NeuroCom, Natus Medical, USA. The state of autonomic nervous system was assessed by cardiointervalography using the VNS-Spectrum computer appliance (Neurosoft, Russia). Results — The matrix of intersystem correlations between indicators of postural balance and HRV in women with the falls syndrome was characterized by a small number of statistically significant correlations (6.25%). Same was true for the control group (10.85%). The correlations were noted in the Sit to Stand, Tandem Walk, and Step Up and Over tests in elderly women with the falls syndrome, while in the control group, they were observed only in the Step Quick Turn test. Conclusion — Features of the relationship between postural balance indicators and HRV in elderly women with the falls syndrome were characterized by a worse coordination of intersystem interactions of HRV indicators with indicators of the performance quality of complex motor acts and power indicators of postural balance, as compared with the elderly women without falls syndrome.

Bayesian network model of aviation safety: Impact of new communication technologies on mid-air collisions

This article presents a method of estimating the risk of a mid-air collision. The proposed method is an enhancement of the traditional aviation safety model - Integrated Safety Assessment Model (ISAM) - developed by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and EUROCONTROL. ISAM is a mix of event-based models and fault trees that identifies causes of 35 different types of aviation accidents. While useful for conceptual understanding of accidents, the model does not handle human-technical or inter-system interactions. These drawbacks are especially evident when assessing safety impact of new communication, navigation and surveillance technologies since they rely on pilots and controllers. We propose a method of analyzing the impact of new technologies in aviation by presenting a case study of the Data Communication system – a new technology developed by the FAA used for communication between pilots and controllers. The method builds upon ISAM and leverages a Bayesian Network to estimate safety risk. The results indicate that the implementation of Data Comm can reduce the risk of collision by 25 %. In addition, if a collision has occurred, it is 10 million times more probable that the likely culprit is an error in human communication rather than a failure of communication equipment.

Towards understanding interactions between socio-technical systems in sustainability transitions

This paper proposes a framework for analysing interactions between socio-technical systems and for identifying their impacts on transition of socio-technical systems. The framework is framework as: interfaces between systems, relationships between systems through their interface, intensity of interactions, impacts of inter-system interactions. The framework is intended to assist in the systematic identification of potential interactions between two systems. This may assist in identifying how the interactions are part of the co-evolutionary process and hence where measures to strengthen interactions can support the transition process. The application of the framework to heat pumps and autonomous vehicles reveals the flexibility of the suggested scheme of analysis for different types of systems.

Intersystem interactions of physiological system indicators in students with different types of autonomic regulation

Studying not only individual students indicators of students, but complex intersystem interactions that reflect the specifics of adaptive capabilities is of scientific interest. The aim of the study. To reveal the features of intersystem interactions of indicators of the blood vessels functional state, morphological and neurodynamic characteristics of students with different types of autonomic regulation, living in the KhantyMansiysk Autonomous Okrug – Yugra. Methods. 429 first–fourth-year students (348 girls, 80 boys) of the Surgut State Pedagogical University were examined. The initial type of autonomic regulation was determined by the average duration of electrocardiogram RR intervals. Anthropometry parameters (body length and weight) and body composition were assessed using Tanita BC-601 device (Tanita, Japan), vascular wall elasticity – using AngioScan-01 (AngioScan-Electronics Ltd, Russia), neurodynamic indicators – using NS-PsychoTest device (Neurosoft, Russia). Statistical analysis was carried out using Statistica 7.0 software (StatSoft Inc., USA). We used the nonparametric Mann – Whitney U-test to evaluate differences and the nonparametric Pearson R-test to analyze correlations. Results. An increase in the stiffness of the vascular wall of large and small arteries in girls is accompanied by an increase in parasympathetic activity. In young men, an increase in the stiffness of large arteries raises with an increase in sympathoadrenal activity, while a compensatory increase in the stiffness of small muscular arteries is noted with an increase in parasympathetic activity. In persons with the sympathicotonic type of autonomic regulation, an excess content of fat mass, an increased frequency of visceral obesity, and a deficiency in water content were registered. With the predominance of the parasympathetic component contribution to the regulation of cardiac rhythm, an increase in the processes of inhibition in the central nervous system was noted. In young men, reduced sensorimotor reactions are consistent with sympathetic activation in the regulation of heart rate. Correlation analysis made it possible to establish some features in the interaction of the vascular, morphological and central nervous systems. Conclusion. Differences in indicators of functional systems (physical development, blood flow, neurodynamic characteristics) in the examined groups of students are shown, taking into account gender and autonomic regulation type. Features of intersystem interactions of indicators of physiological systems of students’ bodies with different types of autonomic regulation were revealed.

The Gut-Brain Axis as a Therapeutic Target in Multiple Sclerosis.

The CNS is very susceptible to oxidative stress; the gut microbiota plays an important role as a trigger of oxidative damage that promotes mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration. In the current review, we discuss recent findings on oxidative-stress-related inflammation mediated by the gut-brain axis in multiple sclerosis (MS). Growing evidence suggests targeting gut microbiota can be a promising strategy for MS management. Intricate interaction between multiple factors leads to increased intra- and inter-individual heterogeneity, frequently painting a different picture in vivo from that obtained under controlled conditions. Following an evidence-based approach, all proposed interventions should be validated in clinical trials with cohorts large enough to reach significance. Our review summarizes existing clinical trials focused on identifying suitable interventions, the suitable combinations, and appropriate timings to target microbiota-related oxidative stress. Most studies assessed relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS); only a few studies with very limited cohorts were carried out in other MS stages (e.g., secondary progressive MS-SPMS). Future trials must consider an extended time frame, perhaps starting with the perinatal period and lasting until the young adult period, aiming to capture as many complex intersystem interactions as possible.

FEATURES OF CYTOKINE PROFILE OF BLOOD IN RATS WITH STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED DIABETES

In the pathogenesis of many diseases, including diabetes mellitus, cytokines play a crucial role. It is known that cytokines are the regulators of intercellular and intersystem interactions, ensuring the consistency of the actions of the endocrine, immune, and nervous systems under standard conditions and in response to pathogenetic factors, and are involved in the development of autoimmune processes. It was established that proinflammatory cytokines, namely tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6 play a significant role in the loss of insulin-producing function by beta cells of the islets of Langerhans, as well as are implicated in the formation of insulin resistance in peripheral tissues.
 The aim is to study the dynamics of the content of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the blood serum of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes.
 Materials and methods The experiments were performed on 88 white male Wistar rats weighing 170–210 g, which were kept on a standard diet with free access to water. Animals were divided into three groups: 1 – intact (n=10); 2 – control (n=40); 3 – experimental (n=38) with a model of diabetes mellitus, which was reproduced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin by "Sigma" company (USA), diluted in 0.1 M citrate buffer with a pH of 4.5, at a rate of 60 mg/kg body weight. The control group of animals received an intraperitoneal injection with an equivalent dose of 0.1 M citrate buffer solution with a pH of 4.5. Serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were determined by rat enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Rat ELISA Kits (Elabscience, USA) according to the manufacturer's instructions 14, 28, 42 and 70 days after streptozotocin injection. To assess the reliability of data changes in dynamics (14, 28, 42, 70 days) within each of the comparison groups, a non-parametric method was used (for three or more comparison groups) - Friedman's analysis of variance and Kendall's coefficient of concordance (Friedman ANOVA and Kendall's W).
 Results Conducted biochemical studies of blood serum showed that in animals with streptozotocin-induced diabetes, there was an increase in the content of proinflammatory cytokines at all stages of the experiment. In particular, TNF-α increased by 11.8% in 14 days, 34.4% in 28 days, 59.1% in 42 days and 80.1% in 70 days after the start of the experiment. An increase in the level of IL-1β was observed in the blood serum at the same time. In 14 days, the content of this cytokine increased by 22.5%, in 28 days increased by 40.2%, in 42 days increased by 72.8%, in 70 days increased by 107.2%. Along with this, we also observed an increase in the activity of IL-6 levels. In 14 days, in the blood serum, the IL-6 level was increased by 17.5%, in 28 days by 33.2%, in 42 days by 60.6% and after 70 days by 94.9% compared to the control group of animals. The analysis of the dynamics of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in blood serum under conditions of experimental diabetes indicates their unidirectional changes.
 Conclusions The conducted studies showed that pro-inflammatory cytokines play a leading role in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus: TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, which is indicated by a significant increase in the levels of such cytokines in blood serum at all stages of the experiment. The most pronounced changes in pro-inflammatory cytokines levels are observed at 70-day.

Механизм экономических взаимодействий: содержание категории и сущностные характеристики

The mechanism of economic interactions is represented by mechanisms of three main types: vertical, horizontal and network interactions. The essence of these types of interaction mechanisms, the features of their organization and formation are demonstrated. The mechanism of vertical interactions implies the presence of a certain center that determines the «rules of the game» within the boundaries of the economic space it controls. This type of mechanisms includes, for example, the mechanism of interaction between the state and economic entities, the mechanism of interaction between management companies and various subdivisions in holding-type structures. The mechanism of horizontal interactions is focused on the initiation and maintenance of intersystem and intrasystem interactions. Also there are the issues of organizing interpersonal interactions of individuals acting as independent economic entities in the sphere of influence of this mechanism. The mechanism of network interactions ensures the formation of network communities of an open type, within which there is a trusting cooperation of heterogeneous entities that share the values of these communities and are ready to interact with each other in order to achieve common interests within the framework of formal and informal ties with different levels of scale, intensity and frequency of transactions. As the essential characteristics of these mechanisms, the following are distinguished: the predominant direction of influences, the presence of entities that implement the functions of management, regulation and coordination, the predominant type of interactions, economic spaces within which interactions are organized, the functions of mechanisms.

ОЦЕНКА ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫХ НАПРАВЛЕНИЙ РАЗВИТИЯ АТОМНОЙ ЭНЕРГЕТИКИ НА ОСНОВЕ МЕТОДИКИ ОБОСНОВАНИЯ ПРИОРИТЕТНЫХ СЦЕНАРИЕВ РАЗВИТИЯ ГЛОБАЛЬНЫХ ИНИЦИАТИВ ДЛЯ ДОСТИЖЕНИЯ ЦЕЛЕЙ УСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ

The concept of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) has defined a new stage of opportunities for humanity to respond to the global challenges related to poverty, inequality, climate change, social and political upheavals. The main forms of response to emerging problems are global initiatives (projects), such as space exploration, robotization, genetic engineering, the development of big data technologies, artificial intelligence and other areas. Currently, methodological approaches to assessing the impact of global initiatives on the SDGs are being actively developed. The theoretical basis for their development is formed by the provisions of systems theory, targeted intersystem interaction, and the principles of optimal management of basic target indicators in relation to complex socio-economic objects. The presented materials are devoted to the results of developing a methodology aimed at substantiating priority scenarios for the development of global initiatives to achieve integral indicators of the SDGs. The methodology has been tested in relation to plans for the long-term development of nuclear energy.

The role of the apelin/APJ system in water homeostasis regulation

Water balance in the body is achieved by balancing renal and non-renal water losses with corresponding water intake. It is under the control of both the central nervous system, which integrates many parameters of water and electrolyte balance in the body, including inducing important adaptive behavioral responses, and three hormonal systems: vasopressinergic, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone and apelinergic. A lot of research is devoted to the regulation of water-electrolyte metabolism. However, this process is still quite difficult to understand, especially since more and more of its regulators are being discovered over time. One of them is the hormone apelin, an endogenous ligand for the APJ receptor. As is known, the receptor is highly expressed in many organs, such as the brain, heart, liver and kidneys, lungs, and has multidirectional effects.This literature review discusses the main characteristics and features of the regulation of these systems in relation to water-electrolyte metabolism, as well as issues of intersystem interaction and modulation of the effects of apelin.

Cytokines and neurotrophic factors in the severity assessment of children autism.

Due to the steady increase in the number of children with autism and the high heterogeneity of clinical groups, the diagnosis of these disorders and their severity is an urgent problem in modern medicine. In the course of the work, 126 children from 3 to 13 years old with typical neurodevelopment and with severe and mild autism spectrum disorders (ASD) were examined. Disease severity was determined according to the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS). The levels of pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokines and neurotrophic factors (nerve growth factor beta and brain-derived neurotrophic factor) in blood plasma were assessed by enzyme immunoassay. Associations between indicators in each group of patients were assessed using the Spearman test and visualized as a heatmap of correlations. Statistical data processing was carried out in the R software. Significantly high levels of IL-4 in blood plasma and a decrease in the number of significant correlations within/between systems were revealed in children with mild autism compared with children with typical neurodevelopment. Such data can probably reflect the theory that some children with ASD are characterized by slow brain development, as a variant of the evolutionary norm. On the contrary, in children with severe ASD, high systemic levels of IL-6 and IFNg are shown against the background of low values of IL-10, IL-1β, TNFα and NGFβ, supported by the almost complete absence of intra/ and intersystem interactions. This may act as an indicator of maladaptation of the immune and nervous systems in severe autism, which contributes to the pathogenesis of the disease. Thus, a set of indicators: high levels of key pro-inflammatory cytokines - IL-6 and IFNg, low levels of IL-10, NGFβ and disintegration of the cytokine and nervous systems in the periphery can be proposed as an approach to indicate the severity of the condition in children with ASD.

Комплексная модель профилактики девиантного поведения через формирование позитивной и устойчивой «Я-концепции» (на примере реализации в Свердловской области)

The article describes a model for preventing deviant behavior among minors, which is being developed and implemented in the Sverdlovsk Region. The model presented is based on the concept of “Self-concept” as a relatively stable, to a greater or lesser degree perceived system of ideas of an individual about himself/herself, on the basis of which he/she treats him/herself and builds his/her interaction with other people. The purpose of the juvenile deviant behavior prevention model implementation is a steady decrease in the level of manifestation of such behavior and its early prevention. The basis for the confident achievement of this goal is the formation of a stable “Self-concept” in the juveniles. This model covers the period of personality formation from birth to adulthood and combines the efforts of parents, teachers, social workers and authorities in order to ensure the formation of personality with developed self-awareness, taking into account the need for intersystem and intradepartmental interaction, with mandatory monitoring of the effectiveness of goal achievement at all stages and timely corrective actions. Tools of prevention and early detection of juvenile behavioral disorders are early intervention services, advisory services, psychological-medical-pedagogical commissions, social-psychological testing. Thus, the model is equally aimed at working with minors at all stages of personality formation, as well as with parents and teachers directly involved in the process of personality formation. Herewith, for each of target groups within the limits of realization of the model the corresponding purposes and problems which solution provides controllable achievement of result are provided.

Changes in the absorption-excretory function of hepatocytes of impaired intersystemic interactions of the liver in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus

<h3></h3> Поражение печени при сахарном диабете 1-го типа (СД 1-го типа) может быть следствием и причиной неадекватного гликемического контроля, что в свою очередь вызывает перестройку физиологических функций на органном, клеточном и субклеточном уровнях и приводит к нарушению межсистемного взаимодействия. Однако остается неизученным вопрос влияния функциональных нарушений со стороны печени на сохранность физиологических резервов организма (ФРО). <h3>ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</h3> Выявить и обосновать наличие взаимосвязи между функциональным состоянием печени и физиологическими резервами организма у пациентов с СД 1-го типа. <h3>МАТЕРИАЛ И МЕТОДЫ</h3> Обследованы 47 пациентов с СД 1-го типа (27 женщин и 20 мужчин), медиана и межквартильный интервал возраста составили 34,0 [25,2—42,0] года. Критерии включения: согласие пациента на участие в исследовании, отсутствие заболеваний органов пищеварения. Кроме общеклинического исследования, проводили ультразвуковое исследование печени, динамическую гепатобилисцинтиграфию с расчетом индекса функциональной активности гепатоцитов (патент РФ на изобретение №2578080/20.03.16). Уровень ФРО пациента определяли с помощью способа оценки базовой составляющей реабилитационного потенциала (патент РФ на изобретение №2344751/27.01.09) с автоматизированной оценкой (свидетельство об официальной регистрации от 12.09.07 №2007613898). <h3>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</h3> У 45% пациентов с СД 1-го типа выявлена замедленная поглотительная функция гепатоцитов, у 30% — ускоренная, при отсутствии клинических и лабораторно-инструментальных изменений со стороны печени. У 52,5% обследованных установлен высокий уровень ФРО, у 30% — средний и у 17,5% — низкий. По данным ROC-анализа, выявлены маркеры низкого уровня ФРО: замедление поглотительной функции печени T_макс. &gt;11 мин (AUC 0,625, <i>p</i>&lt;0,05) и ускорение экскреторной функции T_1/2 ≤37,9 мин (AUC 0,656, <i>p</i>&lt;0,05). <h3>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</h3> Функциональные нарушения со стороны печени являются маркерами низкого уровня физиологических резервов организма и, следовательно, показателями нарушения межсистемных взаимодействий.

Homeostasis and adaptation: pathophysiological aspects of somato-vegetative interaction in ontogenesis

The review presents information on the somatovegetative interaction of blood circulation and respiration from the point of view of the views of Professor Yu.P. Pushkarev. Data are presented that speak of the complexity and complexity of the problem of homeostasis and adaptation, the unresolved many issues that are important for understanding the stability of the internal environment of the body and establishing the limits of the norm. It has been shown that within the neurohumoral system of the body, the interaction of various components of functional systems is constantly carried out, ensuring the conjugation of respiration and blood circulation with the formation of intersystem links. Some aspects of the formation of functions in animals and humans in postnatal ontogenesis are considered. It is emphasized that homeostasis is an internal balance of indicators in the body, but its values are constantly changing due to the center-peripheral integration of functions. It was emphasized that the process of achieving a beneficial adaptive result is characterized by the asymmetry of physiological indicators, and the intersystem interaction ensures the balancing of homeostasis constants in terms of adaptation to environmental conditions. It has been shown that over-threshold environmental influences and homeostasis parameters shift in the body, compensatory-adaptive reactions occur, aimed at maintaining a certain level of stationary state, eliminating or limiting the effect of the harmful factor and optimizing the interaction of the organism and the environment due to the formation of intersystem links. Analyzed the pathophysiological mechanisms of changes in function in certain diseases and stress effects. It is shown that the further study of the somatovegetative interaction in the context of the ideas of Yu.P. Pushkarev will allow revealing the true mechanisms of synchronization of functions in the organism of animals and humans in order to understand its existence as an independent self-regulating system.

Community Analysis of Brain Functional Networks Reveals Systems-Level Integration in Olfactory Hedonic Perception.

Olfactory hedonic perception involves complex interplay among an ensemble of neurocognitive systems implicated in sensory, affective and reward processing. However, the mechanisms of these inter-system interactions have yet to be well-characterized. Here, we employ directed functional connectivity networks estimated from source-localized EEG to uncover how brain regions across the olfactory, emotion and reward systems integrate organically into cross-system communities. Using the integration coefficient, a graph theoretic measure, we quantified the effect of exposure to fragrance stimuli of different hedonic values (high vs low pleasantness levels) on inter-systems interactions. Our analysis focused on beta band activity (13-30 Hz), which is known to facilitate integration of cortical areas involved in sensory perception. Higher-pleasantness stimuli induced elevated integration for the reward system, but not for the emotion and olfactory systems. Furthermore, the nodes of reward system showed more outward connections to the emotion and olfactory systems than inward connections from the respective systems. These results suggest the centrality of the reward system-supported by beta oscillations-in actively coordinating multi-system interactivity to give rise to hedonic experiences during olfactory perception.

The role of N-cholinoreceptors in somatovisceral intersystemic interactions in early rat ontogenesis

Interaction of slow-wave rhythmic components of cardiac, respiratory and motor activities was analyzed in non-narcotized of newborn 1-day-old (P1) and 16-day-old (P16) Wistar rat pups under normal and impaired cholinergic regulation. Functional activity of these three systems is rhythmic, and coordination of their functioning is an important element of the mechanism of adaptive rearrangements under changing factors of the external and internal environment. The acetylcholinesterase inhibitor physostigmine (eserine) was used to increase the level of endogenous acetylcholine and enhance cholinergic effects. To reveal the role of N-cholinoreceptors in intersystemic somatovisceral interactions (ISI), we performed blockade of this receptor type with benzohexonium. Administration of physostigmine leads to the development of a number of pathological reactions and a decrease in the level of ISI in all ranges of modulating rhythms in rats of both ages. ISI in younger rats appear to be more resistant to changes in the level of cholinergic activation. Blockade of N-cholinoreceptors causes inhibition of ISI at P1 and partially to their potentialization at P16. The activation of cholinoreactive structures, which occurred against the background of cholinoreceptors blockade, reduces the pathological effects of physostigmine in animals of both ages, but at the same time leads to an attenuation of ISI. This weakening is more pronounced in 16-day old rats, which may indicate the formation of the definitive level of cholinergic regulation in the first weeks of postnatal ontogenesis.

Logical-probabilistic assessment of the occurrence of destruction during intersystem interactions in the electrical system of the seaport

This article solves the problem of a quantitative assessment of the occurrence of destruction in the intersystem interactions of the transport system and the electrical system of the seaport, in the conditions of the technological process in the seaport, which indicates its significant impact on the electrical system, as a result of which the reliability of the berthing power line is significantly reduced. The intersystem interactions that occur during the implementation of the technological process, as experience shows, are the causes of critical situations that occur at the border of areas of different physical nature, and the consequences are recorded, in the case under consideration, in the electrical system. A mathematical model describing intersystem destruction in quantitative form is presented in this paper using a logical-probabilistic model that reflects internal and external relationships. In the object under study, the destructive cause (collision) and the consequence (accumulation of electrical damage in the insulation of the cable line) are in the same object (the mooring power supply unit), and this is limited to the effects of intersystem destruction. In such a statement, the object of power supply of the technological process and equipment is considered as a composite object containing a cable line and an electric contact column. The problem being formulated is an important and relevant scientific task, which includes not only the question of identifying the causes of increased electrical wear of the power line, but also the development of methods for obtaining quantitative results, and in practical terms also involves the diagnosis of the technical condition of electrical equipment and timely preventive maintenance.

Systemic Universalia in Language, Myth and Culture: Methodological Remarks on Integrated Interpretations

This article addresses universal laws of the functioning of open systems involved in myth-oriented semiosis, categorisation and world-modelling. The paper focuses on isomorphic regularities occurring in irrational rationalisation and respective verbal phenomena. The outlined systemic and inter-systemic interactions are interpreted from the standpoint of M-logic methodology, semiotics, cognitive linguistics and cultural studies. The paper suggests formalised notations for logical construals, and demonstrates the cognitive premises of myth-oriented designations and the etymological reconstruction of a basic operator’s content.

SYNERGY EFFECT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL INTERACTION OF THE SYSTEMS “FAMILY” AND “SCHOOL”

The article is devoted to studies of the psychology of interaction of families and educational institutions. Through a prism of genetic psychology and the system approach as methodological paradigm of research theoretic and empirical study of interaction of a family with educational social institutions was carried out. Features of families and educational institutions as systems were explored. The complete system analysis of a phenomenon of intersystem interaction between systems “family” and “educational institution” is carried out.&#x0D; The interaction concept between a family and an educational institution is developed, interaction is the backbone factor. The educational institution has the double nature of the organization: it is a formal structure which is created by society for realization of teaching and educational process; and it is a system, which is being self-administrated.

Effect of Inter-System Coupling on Heat Transport in a Microscopic Collision Model

In this paper we consider a bipartite system composed of two subsystems each coupled to its own thermal environment. Based on a collision model, we mainly study whether the approximation (i.e., the inter-system coupling is ignored when modeling the system–environment interaction) is valid or not. We also address the problem of heat transport unitedly for both excitation-conserving system–environment interactions and non-excitation-conserving system–environment interactions. For the former interaction, as the inter-system interaction strength increases, at first this approximation gets worse as expected, but then counter-intuitively gets better even for a stronger inter-system coupling. For the latter interaction with asymmetry, this approximation gets progressively worse. In this case we realize a perfect thermal rectification, and we cannot find an apparent rectification effect for the former interaction. Finally and more importantly, our results show that whether this approximation is valid or not is closely related to the quantum correlations between the subsystems, i.e., the weaker the quantum correlations, the more justified the approximation and vice versa.