Interorganizational Relationships Research Articles

A scenario-based experimental study of buyer supplier relationship commitment in the context of a psychological contract breach: Implications for supply chain management

Mutually beneficial long-term relationships between supply chain partners are the key to supply chain performance. However, these relationships may sometimes be undermined due to unforeseen events (e.g., supply chain disruptions). This study aims to originally examine the buyer-supplier relationship (BSR) commitment if the buyer's psychological contract is breached by the supplier. The study originally examines the effect of supplier-induced disruptions over a new product development project on the buyer's relationship commitment. It also evaluates the impact of the repair strategies employed by the supplier on the commitment to repair. These relationships are examined on two levels. First is the case where the buyer's focal manager has a cooperative or confrontational relationship with the supplier's focal manager. Second is the case where a prior (i.e., pre-disruption) relationship between the buyer and the supplier was collaborative or adversarial. We studied the research model using experimental methods on a sample of 204 supply chain managers from Pakistani industries. The results of this study show that the initial interpersonal and interorganizational relationships affected the response of the buyer when its psychological contract with the supplier was breached. The repair strategy of financial compensation is shown to have a considerable influence on repairing the commitment level of the buyer.

Business Innovations and Interorganizational Relationships In the Hospitality Industry: Does Partner Diversity Matter?

Innovation is a potential source of differentiation and competitive advantage for the hospitality industry. However, the dynamism of the environment forces hotel operators to establish multiple and simultaneous interorganizational relations—portfolio of alliances—in order to provide the accommodation service and develop innovation activities while being efficient, aimed at remaining competitive in dynamic contexts. The benefits obtained, considering the set of relationships from a global perspective, are superior to those addressing alliances from an individual point of view. Bearing this in mind, this study empirically tests how the diversity among the agent's attributes—resources and cognitive schemes—within the portfolio of alliance can affect the introduction of business innovations. It is also analyzed whether the previous experience in collaboration of the hotel firm moderates this relationship. The results reveal that hotel companies must design their partner configuration according to the type of innovation to be introduced, focusing mainly on areas such as service and marketing.

How, when, and why do inter-organisational collaborations in healthcare work? A realist evaluation.

Inter-organisational collaborations (IOCs) in healthcare have been viewed as an effective approach to performance improvement. However, there remain gaps in our understanding of what helps IOCs function, as well as how and why contextual elements affect their implementation. A realist review of evidence drawing on 86 sources has sought to elicit and refine context-mechanism-outcome configurations (CMOCs) to understand and refine these phenomena, yet further understanding can be gained from interviewing those involved in developing IOCs. We used a realist evaluation methodology, adopting prior realist synthesis findings as a theoretical framework that we sought to refine. We drew on 32 interviews taking place between January 2020 and May 2021 with 29 stakeholders comprising IOC case studies, service users, as well as regulatory perspectives in England. Using a retroductive analysis approach, we aimed to test CMOCs against these data to explore whether previously identified mechanisms, CMOCs, and causal links between them were affirmed, refuted, or revised, and refine our explanations of how and why interorganisational collaborations are successful. Most of our prior CMOCs and their underlying mechanisms were supported in the interview findings with a diverse range of evidence. Leadership behaviours, including showing vulnerability and persuasiveness, acted to shape the core mechanisms of collaborative functioning. These included our prior mechanisms of trust, faith, and confidence, which were largely ratified with minor refinements. Action statements were formulated, translating theoretical findings into practical guidance. As the fifth stage in a larger project, our refined theory provides a comprehensive understanding of the causal chain leading to effective collaborative inter-organisational relationships. These findings and recommendations can support implementation of IOCs in the UK and elsewhere. Future research should translate these findings into further practical guidance for implementers, researchers, and policymakers.

Implementasi Peraturan Daerah Tentang Wajib Belajar Madrasah Diniyah Awaliyah di Kota Cilegon Provinsi Banten

The era of regional autonomy opens up great opportunities for regional governments to develop education in the regions to become more qualified. Cilegon Regency Government followed up by issuing Regional Regulation Peraturan Daerah No. 1 of 2008 concerning Implementation of the Mandatory education in Madrasah Diniyah Awaliyah (MDA). In its implementation, after ten years running, that Regional Regulation is not implemented well as seen from the small participation of the community who send their children to Madrasah Diniyah. The amount of participation is not proportional compared to the number of graduated elementary school who wish to enroll in junior high school, even though the MDA certificate is one of the conditions for admission to junior high school. This study aims to analyze the implementation of Perda No. 1 of 2008 concerning Madrasah Diniyah Compulsory Education (Perda Diniyah) and to get more explanantion about the factors that influence it including: environmental conditions, inter-organizational relations, availability of resources and characteristics of the Perda executor. The theory used to analyze this problem is the Policy Implementation Theory from Rondinelli and Cheema. This research uses descriptive methods with qualitative data analysis. The results of this study concluded that the implementation of Diniyah Regional Regulations in Cilegon Regency, Banten Province was ineffective.

Generating in management accounting of information on the level of development of interorganizational relations in agribusiness organizations

The article provides a theoretical justification of the role of inter-organizational relations in order to ensure inter-organizational cooperation of agricultural formations as an effective tool for maintaining the competitiveness of the domestic agricultural sector in unstable economic and political conditions. The dynamic development of economic relations has influenced the use of new methodological solutions, including in relation to the system of economic security of inter-organizational cooperation. In order to promptly obtain the necessary data, form and present information in management accounting to determine the level of inter-organizational relations of agro-industrial complex organizations and make important management decisions, an analytical tool is required that allows monitoring the development of the level of cooperation in a short time.

Rethinking customer-perceived value in business markets from an organizational perspective

Customer-perceived value is a key concept in inter-organizational relationships. As markets and business practices have evolved, there is growing need for an updated value conceptualization that acknowledges contemporary developments and reflects the state-of-the-art of research on business markets and inter-organizational relationships. The authors identify gaps in established conceptualizations of customer-perceived value in business markets. Then, drawing on the behavioral theory of the firm and theory of goal-directed behavior, they adapt and combine different value perspectives that suggest nine foundational premises (FPs), underlying how business customers perceive value. This assessment results in a typology of value concepts that differentiates between (1) individual and collective value, (2) expected and experienced value, and (3) transactional and relational value perceptions. Against this backdrop, this article offers a rich set of questions to guide continued research on value in business markets in general as well as on the complex interplay of the various value concepts.

An Evolutionary Analysis of Relational Governance in an Innovation Ecosystem

Despite considerable research highlighting the significance of relational governance in inter-organizational relationships, few have involved the connections between relational governance and innovation ecosystems. This study explores this issue to discover the influential mechanisms of relational governance in innovation ecosystem co-evolution. Building an evolutionary game model, we embody trust and reciprocity (two dominance of relational governance) into co-evolutionary relationships of an innovation ecosystem composed of focal firms, research institutes, customers, and governments, and discuss how relational governance affects innovation strategies of actors. Moreover, the impacts of benefit distribution are also examined. We reveal that (1) focal firms and governments prefer cooperative strategies; (2) reciprocity and trust foster cooperation; increasing benefit distribution drives all actors to collaborate except research institutes; (3) governments finitely encourage cooperation through regulation; and (4) the power of relational governance is restricted due to the below-the-average strategies of customers and research institutes and the neutralizing effects of benefits. Our findings offer a complementary and novel framework for relational governance and extend a deeper understanding of innovation ecosystem studies.

Control systems and interorganizational identification in technology parks cooperation

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of the design of management control systems (MCSs) on interorganizational cooperation and the moderating role of companies’ identification with their technology park. The conditions that promote the emergence of interorganizational cooperation are indicated in the literature as an important research gap, as well as the little evidence about how MCS design influences cooperation, especially in relationships based on innovation. MCSs in interorganizational partnerships have been shown to be relevant for the coordination and maintenance of the relationship, and this study reveals that MCSs promotes cooperative behaviors among the companies associated with the technology parks. The interorganizational identification of the companies with their park was moderately present, thus prompting the inclusion of social and relational aspects in interorganizational studies, which remain scarcely explored in the literature. The MCSs of the parks are focused on stimulating the companies’ cooperation, which is one purpose of this partnership. By not confirming the moderating effect of identification, it was verified that this construct drives cooperation in a way that is dissociated from the MCSs. A survey was conducted in organizations associated with Porto Digital and with the São José dos Campos Technology Park, and it had the participation of 187 managers. To analyze the data the partial least squares structural equation modeling technique was applied and the differences between the two parks were further analyzed. The MCSs design and interorganizational identification act as antecedents of the companies’ cooperation with their technology park. On the other hand, the direct and positive effect of the MCS design on cooperation is not moderated by how much these companies identify with the interorganizational relationship established. The paper contributes by identifying ways of fostering cooperation, one of the purposes of interorganizational agreements, as well as by providing evidence in a context that is scarcely addressed in the literature.

Knowledge generation and market orientation during global crises in supply chains

PurposeSupply chains (SCs) depend on interorganizational relationships (IORs) to function optimally, yet crises may lessen the knowledge flows therein. This paper aims to address this issue by proposing a mediation effect between knowledge generation and market orientation by crisis perception in SC.Design/methodology/approachPartial least square structural equation modeling was used to test the hypotheses. Data collection comprised 279 full answers of business-to-business organizations in global SCs.FindingsThe data provide evidence that, contrary to the extant literature, knowledge generation during a crisis in a SC does not mitigate crisis perception. In addition, findings suggest there are no significant differences between manufacturing and service SCs in sensemaking during crises and that during crises, SC links diminish cooperation in terms of knowledge generation and sharing and focus on individual performance.Originality/valueThe authors have found a conflicting theoretical issue – while extant literature posits setting IORs lead to high sunk cost, making IOR channels costly and reliable for information flows during crises, the behavioral perspective posits that when crises hit, exogenous shocks induce inwards focus diminishing information flows. The results provide insights on this seemingly inconsistent scenario and point to future avenues of research.

Collaboration among vocational rehabilitation and mental health leaders: Supporting the vocational success of transition-age youth with serious mental health conditions

BACKGROUND: The ability of vocational rehabilitation, adult mental health and child mental health service systems to collaborate regarding the employment and career development goals of transition-age youth has not been explored nor has attention been paid to strategies that would increase this collaboration. OBJECTIVE: This qualitative study asks leaders from these three systems to describe collaborative activities that support better vocational services for transition-age youth with serious mental health conditions and discuss barriers and facilitators to collaboration. METHODS: Qualitative interviews were conducted with 39 formal and informal leaders in vocational rehabilitation (n = 16), child mental health (n = 13), and adult mental health (n = 10) systems as part of a larger study of interorganizational relationships. RESULTS: A primary barrier was lack of knowledge about the services and policies of each other’s systems. Another barrier was differences in philosophy about employment and the special needs of transition-age youth with mental health needs. CONCLUSIONS: In addition to specific activities that would encourage greater interaction across three systems, results underscore the need for the child mental health system and vocational rehabilitation system to increase their involvement with and knowledge about one another. This would include training child mental health providers about employment and career development services, vocational rehabilitation providers about the role of mental health in the youngest workers, and both being involved in transition-planning that directly addresses vocational goals and support needs.

Barriers and Facilitators to Screening for Cognitive Impairment in Australian Rural Health Services: A Pilot Study.

Australian National standards recommend routine screening for all adults over 65 years by health organisations that provide care for patients with cognitive impairment. Despite this, screening rates are low and, when implemented, screening is often not done well. This qualitative pilot study investigates barriers and facilitators to cognitive screening for older people in rural and regional Victoria, Australia. Focus groups and interviews were undertaken with staff across two health services. Data were analysed via thematic analysis and contextualized within the i-PARIHS framework. Key facilitators of screening included legislation, staff buy-in, clinical experience, appropriate training, and interorganisational relationships. Collaborative implementation processes, time, and workloads were considerations in a recently accredited tertiary care setting. Lack of specialist services, familiarity with patients, and infrastructural issues may be barriers exacerbated in rural settings. In lieu of rural specialist services, interorganisational relationships should be leveraged to facilitate referring ‘outwards’ rather than ‘upwards’.

From Ties to Events in the Analysis of Interorganizational Exchange Relations.

Relational event models expand the analytical possibilities of existing statistical models for interorganizational networks by: (i) making efficient use of information contained in the sequential ordering of observed events connecting sending and receiving units; (ii) accounting for the intensity of the relation between exchange partners, and (iii) distinguishing between short- and long-term network effects. We introduce a recently developed relational event model (REM) for the analysis of continuously observed interorganizational exchange relations. The combination of efficient sampling algorithms and sender-based stratification makes the models that we present particularly useful for the analysis of very large samples of relational event data generated by interaction among heterogeneous actors. We demonstrate the empirical value of event-oriented network models in two different settings for interorganizational exchange relations-that is, high-frequency overnight transactions among European banks and patient-sharing relations within a community of Italian hospitals. We focus on patterns of direct and generalized reciprocity while accounting for more complex forms of dependence present in the data. Empirical results suggest that distinguishing between degree- and intensity-based network effects, and between short- and long-term effects is crucial to our understanding of the dynamics of interorganizational dependence and exchange relations. We discuss the general implications of these results for the analysis of social interaction data routinely collected in organizational research to examine the evolutionary dynamics of social networks within and between organizations.

A novel framework for water right conflict resolution considering actors’ power and inter-organizational relationships analysis

Abstract Water allocation from reservoirs has always been a challenging issue for decision-makers. The more the stakeholders in the allocation projects, the more conflicts among them could be expected to receive more water rights. As a result, it is necessary to study the relations and power among organizations. In this study, the Ilam dam was used as the case study, and the social network analysis was also used to assess the interactions among the involved organizations and evaluate their power using centrality measures. Based on the network analysis and actors’ power assessment, a novel approach was applied to define and analyze the conflict associated with water quantity allocation. Accordingly, the Graph Model for Conflict Resolution was used for both basic and power-asymmetric conflict analysis models. In the power-asymmetric approach, the direct power scenario gives the most powerful actor the possibility of punishing the violating organizations using their political and executive power. Based on the status quo of the conflict, the results obtained from the equilibrium analysis show that both the power of the main actor and the nature of relationships other actors have with the most powerful actor directly influence the conflict's outcome.

As relações interorganizacionais na perspectiva da estratégia como prática social

Abstract This theoretical essay aims to reflect on interorganizational relations (IORs) from the idea of strategy as social practice (SSP), contributing to the debate on considering rationalities other than the instrumental in studies on interorganizational strategies. Therefore, critical theoretical assumptions of organizational strategy and organizational studies are reviewed. It is assumed that the IORs occur in everyday life through interactions between different agents, considering the analysis of micro-processes as inherent and complementary to analysis at the meso and macro level. The justification is that the instrumental rationality inherent to the dominant social science in the West, traditionally used to explain IORs, is not enough to contemplate the debate in the field of interorganizational strategies to consider the social context and the decolonial thought, which requires a look beyond economic utilitarianism.

Interorganizational relations from the perspective of strategy as social practice

Resumo Este ensaio teórico tem como objetivo refletir sobre as relações interorganizacionais (RIOs) com base na estratégia como prática social (EPS), contribuindo para o debate acerca da necessidade de considerar racionalidades alternativas à instrumental também nos estudos a respeito de estratégias interorganizacionais. Para tanto, resgatam-se pressupostos teóricos críticos da estratégia e dos estudos organizacionais. Parte-se da ideia de que as RIOs se dão no cotidiano, por meio das interações entre os diferentes agentes, considerando a análise dos microprocessos inerentes e complementares às análises em nível meso e macro. A justificativa é que a racionalidade instrumental inerente à ciência social dominante no Ocidente, tradicionalmente usada para explicar as RIOs, não é suficiente para contemplar o debate no campo das estratégias interorganizacionais, de forma a considerar o contexto social e o pensamento decolonial, que requerem um olhar para além do utilitarismo econômico.

Formation and presentation of information in the management accounting system in order to develop inter-organizational relations of agro-industrial complex organizations

The article provides a theoretical substantiation of the essence and content of inter-organizational relations in order to ensure inter-organizational cooperation of agricultural formations as an effective tool for maintaining the competitiveness of the domestic agricultural sector. The dynamic development of economic relations influenced the use of innovative technologies, caused the objective need for the introduction of new software solutions in the organization of the agro-industrial complex, including in relation to the system of economic security of inter-organizational cooperation. In order to promptly obtain the necessary data, form and present information in management accounting to optimize the inter-organizational relations of agribusiness organizations and make important management decisions, a mechanism is required that allows for the support of such decisions in a short time. Such a mechanism is an inter-organizational management accounting system in combination with a balanced scorecard, reporting, control system and other systems that ensure inter-organizational interaction. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the theoretical foundations of the formation and presentation of information in the framework of management accounting in order to develop inter-organizational relations of agricultural organizations.. Special attention is paid to the issues related to the elements of inter-organizational relations, the content of such relations.

The dynamics of inter-organizational cooperation in Economic Interest Groups: Case of EIG TARGANINE in Morocco

Inter-organizational cooperation has become a major challenge for the development of organizations. Inter-organizational relations are enormously successful in terms of cooperation, especially when talking about Social and Solidarity Economy (SSE) companies. Today, several forms of cooperation appeared in Morocco with the creation of groups, unions, networks and federations. Through this paper, we study the dynamics of inter-organizational cooperation and its contribution to the economic and social development of an Economic Interest Grouping (EIG) of women's cooperatives in Argan. We proceed for our analysis according to the dialectical approach as it was adopted by Dameron (2001, 2002), via the study of the cooperation relations of the EIG TARGANINE, based on a qualitative approach carried out by semi-structured interviews carried out with the president of the EIG and the leaders of the member cooperatives.
 
 Keywords 
 Cooperation, Inter-organizational relations, EIG, Cooperative, Economic and social development.

How Can We Better Study the Links between Regional Governance and Public Service Outcomes? Governance Topologies in Metropolitan Public Transportation Systems

Metropolitan public transportation systems vary in their performance and governance, and evidence suggests linkages between these. However, such linkages remain largely untested due to the complexity of governance and the absence of reliable and valid measures of it. We develop a conceptual framework for understanding metropolitan public transportation system governance using the familiar concepts of polycentricity and fragmentation. We introduce the novel concept of governance topology to parse the complexity of the many organizational arrangements and interorganizational relationships that comprise metropolitan governance. We then propose a method of measurement using a concentration index, and apply it to the Chicagoland region.

‘A sad story of delay and obstructionism’: the impact of external relationships on the resourcing and development of Bletchley Park during the Second World War

ABSTRACT Substantial historical attention has been focussed on Bletchley Park’s internal organisation and the often-fraught disputes over control of the work and its intelligence products; however, the importance of external inter-departmental relations for the resourcing and development of the signals intelligence agency has sometimes been overlooked or underestimated. This article identifies several ways in which the operation was shaped and sometimes constrained by the compromises the Bletchley Park authorities had to reach with outside organisations to secure the resources they needed. It argues that an accurate picture of Bletchley Park’s development must take account of the impacts of these inter-organisational relationships.

The Peterborough Exemplar: a protocol to evaluate the impact and implementation of a new patient-centred, system-wide community mental healthcare model in England

BackgroundCommunity mental healthcare has significantly grown since de-institutionalization. Despite progress, service fragmentation and gaps in service provision remain key barriers to effective community care in England. Recent mental healthcare policies highlighted the need to transform service provision by developing patient-centred, joined-up community mental healthcare. In response to policy guidance, a system-wide community mental healthcare model was developed in Peterborough (England). The “Peterborough Exemplar” is based on two main pillars: (1) the creation of knowledge exchange pathways to strengthen interorganizational relationships, and (2) the development of new, accessible community services addressing existing service gaps. This paper presents the protocol developed to evaluate the Peterborough Exemplar.MethodsA quasi-experimental design with an intervention group and a nonequivalent comparator group has been developed to compare service provision provided in Peterborough pre- and post-intervention with services provided in Fenland, a neighbouring area where service users access usual care. Two evaluation methods will be employed to compare service provision between the two groups: (1) outcome measures completed by service users and carers will be analysed to assess quality of life and service satisfaction, and (2) service activity data will be analysed to assess service usage. In addition, qualitative interviews will be conducted with staff members of participating organizations to explore the implementation of the Exemplar in Peterborough and evaluate knowledge exchange processes among local service providers. A matched control approach will be used to compare outcome measures between the two areas. Descriptive and inferential statistics, including chi-square tests, will be used to analyse service activity data and examine differences between the two areas. A thematic analysis will be adopted to analyse qualitative data.DiscussionOutcomes of the evaluation will contribute to understanding the contribution of the Peterborough Exemplar on mental health service provision locally. Evaluation findings and intermediate reporting will be shared with organizations involved in the implementation of the Peterborough Exemplar and with local decision-makers to inform the Exemplar delivery. As the Peterborough Exemplar is an Early Implementer (EI) site funded by NHS England, findings will be shared with policy-makers to inform national policy on community mental healthcare and integrated care.