Intergenerational Relationships Research Articles

Predictors of Generativity among SGM Midlife and Older Adults.

Generativity, a concern and commitment for others, has shown to be positively associated with health and well-being. Research on generativity in sexual and gender minority (SGM) communities is limited, despite its potential importance given the marginalization older SGM individuals face and limited interaction between generations. We integrate Generativity Theory and the Health Equity Promotional Model to examine key factors for generativity and subgroup differences among SGM midlife and older adults. Using 2016 data from Aging with Pride: National Health, Aging, and Sexuality/Gender Study (N = 2,233), we regressed generativity on social location and adverse experiences and subsequently on psychological and social factors. We also tested the moderating effects of social location and psychological and social factors. Psychological (mastery, resilience, and critical awareness) and social (social participation, network size, social support, and SGM community engagement) factors were positively associated with generativity. Day-to-day discrimination was negatively, and lifetime violence and microaggressions were positively associated with generativity. With higher critical awareness level, day-to-day discrimination no longer had negative effects. With higher mastery level, lifetime discrimination had positive effects. Resilience and network size were stronger predictors for younger generations. Findings highlight that psychological and social resources may foster posttraumatic growth and generativity. Critical awareness, activism, and social connections appear important to stand strong against prevalent oppression and extends generative support to younger SGM generations. This research provides insight to promote intergenerational relationships and to cultivate agentic and communal strengths in the SGM populations.

A Gendered Perspective on Life Satisfaction and Intergenerational Relationships in the Second Half of Life

ABSTRACT .This study examined the mutual effects of spousal life satisfaction as well as how older parents’ perceptions of relationships with their adult children relate to life satisfaction four years later. Data from 1,071 married couples in the 2006 and 2010 waves of the Health and Retirement Study were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling. Findings revealed fathers’ life satisfaction in 2010 was only marginally linked to his 2006 perceived support, while mothers’ life satisfaction was significantly associated with higher support and lower strain. Results highlight gender differences in intergenerational relationships during later life.

Intergenerational relationships and trajectories of older parents’ cognitive functioning in multi-child families

Intergenerational relationships and trajectories of older parents’ cognitive functioning in multi-child families

Experiences and Meanings of the Existence of a Generation of Women

This study examines a generation of women born in the 1940s–1950s in the Braga region, northern Portugal. It analyzes their relationships with family, school, work, leisure and consumption, and religion. The sample considers generation, gender, and social class, focusing on low, medium-low, and medium classes, which predominate in Portuguese society. A qualitative methodology was employed, using Focus Groups and Open Interviews to understand how subjects interpret their life experiences in the analyzed areas and how these experiences’ meanings transform across generations. The initial hypothesis, supported by previous and current research, is that people of the same generation share certain bonds, manifesting in a particular way of being and understanding the world. This distinguishes them from other generations, creating complex intergenerational relationships. These relationships are sometimes oppositional, while other times they result in breaks or separations, and most of the time they transform the experiences and the meaning of the existence of the subjects involved. This reality is what we propose to describe and analyze in the present text, taking as reference the generations of women mentioned above.

Intergenerational Relationships and Their Impact on Social Resilience Amongst Arab Society Elderly Populations: A Qualitative Exploration.

To explore the impact of intergenerational relationships on the social resilience of elderly populations in Arab societies. Additionally, the study aimed to identify the factors that influence the quality of these relationships and their role in enhancing or diminishing the resilience of older adults. A qualitative study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted between June and July 2024 with 12 elderly participants from urban and semi-urban communities in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. Data were analysed using both deductive framework analysis, guided by social support theory, and inductive thematic analysis to identify key themes related to intergenerational relationships and social resilience. The study involved 12 participants aged 61-85 years (average age of 72 years), with a mix of educational backgrounds and living arrangements. Strong intergenerational ties were found to significantly enhance social resilience by providing emotional support and a sense of security. Participants in multi-generational households reported more positive outcomes compared to those with less frequent family contact. However, generational differences and modern-life pressures posed challenges to maintaining these relationships. The findings underscore the importance of fostering strong intergenerational relationships to support the social resilience of elderly populations in Arab societies. Future research should explore interventions that bridge generational gaps and strengthen family ties, particularly in the context of evolving social structures. Healthcare practitioners and policymakers should consider the role of intergenerational relationships when designing interventions aimed at improving the well-being and resilience of older adults in a culturally sensitive approaches. The Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ). The engagement and interview data from elderly participants provided valuable insights into the dynamics of intergenerational relationships and their impact on social resilience.

Analysis of an intergenerational service-learning experience based on physical exercise in a community setting: a mixed-method study

IntroductionPhysical activity offers numerous benefits that improve psychological well-being, reduce dependency, and foster intergenerational relationships. Universities play a key role in promoting the health of students by proposing actions that contribute to a sustainable future, fostering a mature society and reducing ageism. This service-learning project aimed to assess the impact of an intergenerational cane-walking program on older adults and physiotherapy students in a community setting. The project focused on promoting health and fostering intergenerational relationships.MethodsA concurrent, nested mixed-methods design was used for the intervention, involving intergenerational group walks during the 2022–2023 academic year. The program was designed and supervised by faculty members and three fourth-year fellows. Data collection was based on adherence to the intervention, the Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire (BREQ-3), interviews with older adults and feedback questionnaires completed by them and participating students.ResultsSatisfactory adherence was evidenced among older adults, with 65.79% of participants who completed the project and 72% who adhered to the intervention, although there were no statistically significant differences in terms of motivation to exercise taking that adherence into account. The project’s ability to foster intergenerational relationships was rated by the seniors at 9.50 ± 0.6, and 100% answered affirmatively about its capacity of contribute to improving their health and well-being. Student feedback also reflected high scores for fostering intergenerational relationships, with scores of 10 (fellows), 8.7 ± 1.2 (third-year students), and 8.27 ± 1.2 (second-year students). The project’s contribution to skills development was rated positively by 100% of the fellows, 88.6% of the second-year students, and 74.1% of the third-year students. In the nested study, three key themes related to exercise emerged by older adults: (1) perceptions of exercise, (2) barriers to exercise and (3) motivations for exercise. Regarding satisfaction with the program, three main themes emerged: (1) intergenerational relationships, (2) strengths of the program and (3) suggestions for improvement.ConclusionThe program appears to improve the well-being of older adults and provide valuable experiential learning for students. Thus, service-learning projects could effectively promote sustainable health practices, highlighting the important role of universities in community health initiatives.

Complete chloroplast genome of eight Phaius (Orchidaceae) species from China: comparative analysis and phylogenetic relationship

BackgroundPhaius Lour. (Collabieae, Orchidaceae) is a small genus consisting of about 45 species, with highly ornamental and medicinal values. However, the phylogenetic relationship of Phaius among Calanthe s. l. has been highly debated based on morphological and molecular data. The complete chloroplast (cp) genome has been widely used as a useful molecular marker for resolving phylogenetic problems, while few genomic data on Phaius was available. Therefore, complete cp genomes of eight Phaius species were sequenced and characterized in detail to provide a better understanding of its phylogenetics in Calanthe s. l.ResultsThe cp genomes of eight species investigated exhibited conserved quadripartite structures with varied lengths ranging between 157,997 bp to 158,735 bp. The overall GC content of these genomes ranged between 36.82 and 36.97%. Gene annotation revealed 136 genes in all eight genomes, of which 21 were duplicated in inverted regions and 15 with introns. Comparative analysis of eight cp genomes revealed stable sequence identity with greater variation in the single-copy regions, alongside notable differences in the genes at the LSC/IRb and IRb/SSC junctions, as well as in the number of SSRs. The phylogenetic analysis based on CDS from 49 complete cp genomes of Collabieae indicated that the eight Phaius species, together with other two species P. philippinensis and P. hainanensis, were clustered into a monophyletic clade among Calanthe s. l. and divided into two subclades with strong supports. Additionally, it was also supported that Calanthe s. l. should be divided into five genera with strong supports, including Calanthe s. s., Cephalantheropsis, Styloglossum, Phaius, and Preptanthe.ConclusionsIt was the first report on the complete cp genome of six Phaius species (P. columnaris, P. mishmensis, P. takeoi, P. tonkinensis, P. wallichii and P. wenshanensis) and has been comparatively analyzed in detail with P. flavus and P. tancarvilleae. It provided a comprehensive investigation of various cp genomic features for phylogenetic implications, including overall genome structure, codon usage, repeat sequences, IR boundaries, DNA polymorphisms, and phylogenetic reconstruction. It was suggested that Phaius and Calanthe s. s. should be treated as two independent genera. The concept of new genus Paraphaius was not confirmed by complete cp genomic data here. The intergeneric relationship of Phaius and its alliance in Calanthe group could be understood better by more cp genomic data.

Intergenerational Relationships and Family Support: Implications for Health and Wellbeing.

This review summarizes research projects supported by the National Institute on Aging (NIA) that have contributed scholarship on intergenerational relationships and support provided to older adults that frequently precedes, and is often complementary to, intensive caregiving. We review NIA-supported projects that have almost exclusively focused on intergenerational relationships and involved primary data collections, and others making use of omnibus aging and family studies that have allowed a variety of investigations on this topic. Where the former set of studies has generated deeply phenotypic analyses-comprehensive fine-grained analyses of relational data in specialized samples-the latter set has focused on analyses of secondary data, often from national samples which include information on intergenerational relationships. Early research funded by NIA addressed the factors underlying cohesion across generations, including the Longitudinal Study of Generations. Subsequent studies shed light on the dynamics of ties between siblings or across multiple generations in navigating support and affection. Studies have revealed important information about transfers of tangible and non-tangible resources, loss of parent or child, and diversity by race, ethnicity, and gender. NIA funding has made important inroads in understanding a relationship that is of primary importance in individuals' lives for their health and well-being.

Evaluasi Pola Asuh Grand Parenting Pada Karakter Anak SD

This research aims to evaluate the grand parenting approach and its influence on the character development of elementary school children. Grand parenting, which involves grandparents in the caregiving process, plays a crucial role in shaping children's values and attitudes. The methodology employed in this study is a qualitative approach, utilizing in-depth interviews and observations to assess the interactions between grandparents and their grandchildren. The findings reveal that the parenting styles implemented by grandparents significantly contribute to the character development of children, which includes aspects such as moral values, discipline, responsibility, and social skills. Furthermore, the strong emotional bonds between grandparents and grandchildren provide a sense of security and support essential for character development. This indicates the vital role of older generations in supporting children's character education and the need for increased attention to intergenerational relationships within families. This study recommends enhancing the involvement of grandparents in the educational processes of children, as well as the necessity for programs that foster intergenerational collaboration.

Intergenerational Relations and Well-being Among Older Middle Eastern/Arab American Immigrants During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

This study aimed to examine the consequences of COVID-19 socialization restrictions on familial and social support systems of older Middle Eastern/Arab immigrants in Michigan, home to the largest, most visible concentration of Middle Eastern/Arab Americans in the United States. Six focus group (N = 45) interviews were conducted with Middle Eastern/Arab American immigrants aged 60 and older to assess difficulties faced during the pandemic as it related to familial, social, and medical care. Inductive analysis identified two major themes to advance meanings of intergenerational relations among older immigrants (a) the breakdown of family relations, which describes a shift in both the experience and expectations of intergenerational relations in Middle Eastern/Arab families; and (b) cultural sources of increased stress, illustrating how the pandemic interfered with valued family interactions to affect well-being. These findings indicated social and cultural sources of heightened stress linked to shifts in intergenerational relations among Middle Eastern/Arab American older immigrants.

Phylogenetic position of the subfamily Symphrasinae (Insecta: Neuroptera), its intergeneric relationships and evolution of the raptorial condition within Mantispoidea.

The superfamily Mantispoidea (Insecta: Neuroptera) includes the families Berothidae, Rhachiberothidae and Mantispidae. Among these taxa, the last two are collectively known as Raptorial Mantispoidea due to the presence of grasping forelegs for predatory habits. The Mantispidae classically included the subfamilies Symphrasinae, Drepanicinae, Calomantispinae and Mantispinae, yet recent research challenged this classification scheme as well as the monophyly of this family resulting in Symphrasinae being transferred to Rhachiberothidae. The phylogenetic position of the subfamily Symphrasinae within Mantispoidea is here inferred based on total evidence analysis combining three genes (COI , 16S and 18S ) and 72 morphological characters scored from living representatives of all Mantispidae subfamilies (12 genera), the 3 genera of Symphrasinae, and Rhachiberothinae (1 genus). Representatives of Berothidae (four genera) and Hemerobiidae (one genus) were used as outgroup taxa. Results of the total evidence analysis were compared with parsimony and maximum likelihood analyses of the morphological and molecular datasets of the COI , 16S and 18S genes. The resultant phylogeny under total evidence recovered Rhachiberothidae as a monophyletic group with strong support in which Symphrasinae was found as sister to Rhachiberothinae. The three genera contained in Symphrasinae, i.e. Anchieta , Plega and Trichoscelia were each recovered as monophyletic in the parsimony analysis, with Anchieta as sister to Trichoscelia + Plega . The family Mantispidae was also recovered as monophyletic and sister to Rhachiberothidae, with Mantispinae as sister to Calomantispinae + Drepanicinae. Evolution of the raptorial condition in Mantispoidea is discussed based on the performed analyses. The morphology and the structure of the raptorial foreleg and the prothorax (i.e. the raptorial system) support the close relationship of Symphrasinae with Rhachiberothinae rather than to other Mantispidae subfamilies which possess a distinctive and well-differentiated raptorial apparatus. The Rhachiberothidae (including Symphrasinae) are distinguished by the presence of a foretarsal Stitz organ. Furthermore, a sit-and-wait predatory strategy is hypothesised for this taxon, whereas the Mantispidae are likely sophisticated active-ambushing predators.

Family in displacement and its role in cultural adaptation and native language preservation

This paper analyzes the challenges and opportunities faced by families in a diaspora regarding cultural adaptation and native language preservation. In the modern world, where migration becomes more frequent, families that move into new cultural environments often face a dilemma between integrating into the host country and preserving their own cultural identity through nurturing the native language and tradition of the countries from which they originate. In the context of globalization, the family proves to be a critical unit that not only transmits language and cultural values but also forms the identity of each of its members, providing him/her with the possibility to develop multiculturally in all personality aspects. Through the review of relevant literature and published studies, this paper examines factors that affect the success of the adaptation of new generations, including the role of social support, educational institutions, and intergenerational relations. The paper also explores the strategies families use to preserve their native language, which is critical in maintaining cultural identity. Daily communication in the native language, cultural events, manifestations, and participation in educational programs ensure that younger generations remain connected to their roots. Families often take an active role in creating communities that support language and culture preservation, thus contributing to the richness of multicultural societies. This paper contributes to the understanding of the dynamics of identity in the diaspora and emphasizes the educational role of family structures in the process of cultural adaptation and openness in accepting other cultures. The paper's conclusions suggest that language and culture preservation is possible through a combination of individual efforts, community support, and adapted educational programs. The paper provides guidelines for future research and practice, emphasizing the need to develop effective diaspora family support models to preserve linguistic and cultural heritage.

The cultural universals of Russian society in the context of the intergenerational conflict

The article presents some results of two all-Russian sociological studies aimed at identifying the specifics and ideological foundations of intergenerational relations in modern Russian society. The object of the study is the consciousness of Russians, and the subject is cultural universals in the context of intergenerational ideological differences. J. Turner's theory of self-categorization was used as a theoretical basis, which is based on the idea of cognitive self-categorization of individuals as members of various communities - local, professional, generational, etc. The key cognitive mechanism of self-categorization is the principle of meta-contrast, the essence of which lies in the effect of a distinctive feature that determines either belonging to a group or not falling into it. These principles formed the basis of the questionnaire of the sociological survey. During the study, questionnaires (N = 1600) in 2023 and 2024 were preceded by a series of focus groups, as well as an analysis of social networks. As a result, ideological fault lines between generations were identified. The following meta-contrasts were identified among those specifying generations: projection of negative characteristics onto younger generation opposed to the older generation' positive qualities; impact of historical events: the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic, perestroika of 1985-1991, Russia's special military operation in Ukraine, the conquest of space and the Great October Revolution of 1917. General cultural constants included the values of efficiency, responsibility, faith in one's own strength, etc. The anti-values of irresponsibility, impulsiveness, etc., as well as specific attitudes toward two historical events: the Great Patriotic War and the collapse of the USSR were also identified.

THAT’S ANTHROPOLOGY: CONFRONTING AGEISM AND STUDENT DISCOMFORT IN SERVICE LEARNING

Abstract Undergraduate anthropology majors participated in a 15-hour, semester-long service-learning project at an adult day and health care center during Spring 2024. While a research-based model of intergenerational service-learning has been incorporated in the undergraduate gerontology program curriculum at UNC Charlotte for 25 years, this was the first time anthropology undergraduates engaged in intergenerational research as part of their senior seminar. With no prior coursework in gerontology, and limited intergenerational experiences, anthropology senior seminar students began the semester with uncertainty and ageist biases. The founding director of the gerontology program, a professor emerita of anthropology, guided students’ practical development by providing lectures, leading exercises, and facilitating discussions throughout the semester. During the course, the students learned about and confronted complex presentations of ageism. Their time at the day center involved socializing with participants, assisting staff, creating and tending a therapeutic garden, working with participants to create memory boxes, and building rapport. These steps were essential for building a reciprocal, collaborative intergenerational research relationship that integrates anthropological pedagogy. We suggest their initial resistance to this work is the result of age segregation and internalized sociocultural narratives of ageism, as well as misguided expectations of the frustrating, messy, challenging reality of undertaking anthropological research using participant observation. Consistent narrative themes of unprecedented gratitude, personal growth, and learning about ageism emerged from student field notes, class discussions, and written reflections. This program evaluation presents novel insights for future integration of intergenerational programming and gerontological knowledge into anthropological pedagogy.

ADULT CHILDREN‘S SINGLEHOOD AND AGING PARENTS’ PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING IN SOUTH KOREA

Abstract Guided by a life course perspective, this study aims to examine the linkages between the marital status of adult children as an indicator of the transition to adulthood and their parents’ psychological well-being, considering how parental socioeconomic resources play a role in this association. We conducted a series of regression models using data from the 2018 Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLOSA, n=3112 aging parents who had at least one child over 35 years old). Consistent with the exposure model, having an unmarried son was associated with poorer parental psychological well-being, irrespective of parental income and education. However, parental education partially explained the association between daughter’s marital status and parental psychological well-being, suggesting that parental well-being regarding adult children’s marital status may depend on child’s gender and parental education level. This study has implications for the intergenerational relationships in collectivist and patrilineal Eastern cultural context. Aging parents’ psychological well-being ties to their adult children’s marital status based on the social norm regarding the transition to adulthood, and particularly sons’ marital status than that of daughters’. Also, aging parents may have different views on daughter’s marital status depending on their educational attainment. In sum, based on the concept of ‘linked-lives’ and stress process model, this study provides an extended understanding of intergenerational relations in later life in Korea. Clinicians and family professionals should consider well-being in old age associated with adult children’s life transitions and gender in the cultural context.

Developing Intergenerational Learning Resources: Lessons from Designing and Testing a Card Pack

While China is facing the challenge of an aging population and increasing age segregation, research and practices on intergenerational interactions is still in its infancy with a heavy focus on grandparenting in family settings. Adopting a “design as research” approach, we designed and tested a card pack aimed at improving interactions between “skipped generations” in the Chinese context. This article introduces the card pack informed by insights from previous pilot studies. We connect our self-reflections and discussions with our review of empirical studies published in the Journal of Intergenerational Relationships and offer our thoughts and suggestions when it comes to designing more inclusive intergenerational learning resources in the future that integrate more cultural and community resources.

Out of sync: temporal governance and agency in refugee families with temporary protection status in Denmark

Abstract Over the past decade, a series of legal changes have intensified Denmark’s temporal governance of refugees. This development reflects a more widespread turn towards temporary protection and return across the Global North. Drawing on eleven months of fieldwork and interviews with thirty refugees in Denmark, the article applies a temporal lens to analyse how this development is experienced and navigated by refugee families subjected to conditions of prolonged uncertainty, with a focus on how it affects their intergenerational relationships. We find that temporal governance spurs three ‘temporal modalities’ that we call acceleration, entrapment, and rupture, the consequences of which refugees engage with through different tactics related to generational status and social situation. Furthering a conceptualization of displacement as ‘temporal dispossession’, the analysis shows how the temporal governance of refugee families in Denmark permeates the intimate domestic space, bringing family members out of sync, and raising well-founded fears of family separation.

Взаимодействие российских образовательных учреждений с детьми из семей мигрантов (анализ экспертного мнения)

The article aims to show that children from migrant families are, first of all, members of their families; therefore the success of their adaptation to the Russian education system is determined, among other things, by the characteristics of these families and their inherent intra-family relationships. The empirical basis of the study is in-depth semi-structured interviews with representatives of the pre-school and school education sphere (17 interviews). The findings indicate that educational institutions, when interacting with children from migrant families and their parents, inevitably engage with the familial system. Experts identified a range of social and cultural characteristics unique to these families, with a key feature being the hierarchical and patriarchal structure of child-parent, spousal, and intergenerational relationships, which is heavily influenced by factors of age and gender. The study revealed that many educators have already developed a repertoire of strategies aimed at fostering effective interactions with migrant families, using the aforementioned characteristics to facilitate a more conducive educational environment. This underscores the necessity for educational institutions to acknowledge and adapt to the complexities of familial structures when addressing the needs of migrant students.

Влияние новых СМИ на поколенческие особенности социализации молодежи

The study examines the significant role of new media in the socialization of two generations of respondents, particularly in the context of changing value priorities. The interactivity and diversity of modern mass media have profoundly impacted the axiological worldview of the younger generation, especially concerning family relationships, health perceptions, career choices, and self-expression. This influence has intensified intergenerational differences in values, prompting shifts in the interactions between individuals and society. Through interviews conducted with 20 respondents of varying ages, it was established that youth are more inclined to seek personalized information through new media to fulfill their self-realization needs. In contrast, the older generation tends to rely on authoritative and relatively homogeneous traditional media channels, which contributes to a more stable structure of their values that is oriented towards family and social responsibility. The findings suggest that generational features of socialization are determined by differences in the value priorities of individuals, with the fundamental opposition between collectivism and individualism serving as a core element in this regard. This research highlights the necessity of understanding the impact of new media on the evolving dynamics of socialization and the consequent implications for intergenerational relationships.

The presence, maintenance, and adaptation of Indigenous and local knowledge about climate-related hazards in Nordic contexts

The ability of people to act on their knowledge of their surrounding physical environments before, in response to, and after impactful climate-related hazards is shaped by broader environmental and socio-economic conditions. We present a multiple case study that illustrates how people from both non-Indigenous and Indigenous communities living in remote areas in the Nordic countries maintain and adapt their hazard-related Indigenous and local knowledge (ILK). The four communities that we followed through qualitative, fieldwork-based research are characterized by a strong attachment to place, a developed sense of place, and high exposure to climate-related hazards. The hazard-related ILK of people in these communities is integrated into place-based everyday practices in the physical environment and includes helping others in the community. Our research highlights that people maintain their ILK in several ways: through intergenerational relations with family and friends; by adopting place-based cultural practices into everyday life; by relating to past experience and historical events; and through community inclusion. However, adapting this knowledge to their surrounding conditions is challenged by compounding pressures of environmental and socio-economic change. Given that knowledge claims may be incommensurable, we highlight different approaches to the question of which of the various values found in ILK could be deemed relevant for policy development. Whether the policy objective is to support the practical application of ILK or the cultural diversity it represents, we underline the need for greater theorization regarding the deeper structural drivers that shape local agency, if such goals are to be reached more effectively.