Intergenerational Differences Research Articles

Intergenerational Examination of the Vocational Professional Values and Motivatıons of Midwiwes

Objective: This study was conducted with the aim of intergenerational examination of the professional values and motivations of midwives. Method: The research was conducted in descriptive/cross-sectional type between February and July 2023. The population of the study consisted of midwives working as midwives in Turkey, and the sample consisted of 180 midwives. The data were collected online with the “Descriptive Information Form, Professional Values Scale for Midwives and Job Motivation Scale”. Results: The total score of the Professional Values Scale for Midwives (133.93±15.40; 121.16±5.36 and 126.61±16.41, respectively) and all sub-scores of the midwives in the Y generation participating in the study were higher than the Baby Boomers and X generations; again, it was determined that the total score of the Y generation midwives on the Job Motivation Scale (3.55±0.25; 3.09±8.52 and 3.20±0.75) and all sub-score averages were higher than the Baby Boomers and X generations, and these intergenerational differences were statistically significant (p

Cryptocurrencies in the family context: trust, information and financial stability

Background: The rapid rise of cryptocurrencies has sparked debate about their role in the financial system, particularly across generations. Objectives: This study aimed to identify and explain differences in attitudes towards cryptocurrencies between Generation Z (students) and Generation Y (their parents) in Poland, focusing on trust in the financial system, perceptions of cryptocurrency value, and visions of the future financial landscape. Methodology: A survey was conducted in June 2023 with 40 students aged 23-24 and one of their parents each (80 total participants). Respondents answered questions about their trust in traditional and crypto finance, views on cryptocurrency potential, and expectations for future financial systems. Results: Generation Z showed significantly greater openness and trust in cryptocurrencies compared to Generation Y. The younger generation was more likely to view cryptocurrencies as inflation hedges and potential components of future payment systems. Generation Y demonstrated higher trust in the current financial system and fiat currency. Conclusions: The study reveals substantial intergenerational differences in cryptocurrency perceptions, with implications for financial education, regulation, and innovation. These divergences may shape the future evolution of financial markets and monetary systems.

The cultural universals of Russian society in the context of the intergenerational conflict

The article presents some results of two all-Russian sociological studies aimed at identifying the specifics and ideological foundations of intergenerational relations in modern Russian society. The object of the study is the consciousness of Russians, and the subject is cultural universals in the context of intergenerational ideological differences. J. Turner's theory of self-categorization was used as a theoretical basis, which is based on the idea of cognitive self-categorization of individuals as members of various communities - local, professional, generational, etc. The key cognitive mechanism of self-categorization is the principle of meta-contrast, the essence of which lies in the effect of a distinctive feature that determines either belonging to a group or not falling into it. These principles formed the basis of the questionnaire of the sociological survey. During the study, questionnaires (N = 1600) in 2023 and 2024 were preceded by a series of focus groups, as well as an analysis of social networks. As a result, ideological fault lines between generations were identified. The following meta-contrasts were identified among those specifying generations: projection of negative characteristics onto younger generation opposed to the older generation' positive qualities; impact of historical events: the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic, perestroika of 1985-1991, Russia's special military operation in Ukraine, the conquest of space and the Great October Revolution of 1917. General cultural constants included the values of efficiency, responsibility, faith in one's own strength, etc. The anti-values of irresponsibility, impulsiveness, etc., as well as specific attitudes toward two historical events: the Great Patriotic War and the collapse of the USSR were also identified.

Intergenerational differences of consumers’ perception related to the value of green logistics: A focus on transport, packaging, and waste management

Intergenerational differences of consumers’ perception related to the value of green logistics: A focus on transport, packaging, and waste management

Влияние новых СМИ на поколенческие особенности социализации молодежи

The study examines the significant role of new media in the socialization of two generations of respondents, particularly in the context of changing value priorities. The interactivity and diversity of modern mass media have profoundly impacted the axiological worldview of the younger generation, especially concerning family relationships, health perceptions, career choices, and self-expression. This influence has intensified intergenerational differences in values, prompting shifts in the interactions between individuals and society. Through interviews conducted with 20 respondents of varying ages, it was established that youth are more inclined to seek personalized information through new media to fulfill their self-realization needs. In contrast, the older generation tends to rely on authoritative and relatively homogeneous traditional media channels, which contributes to a more stable structure of their values that is oriented towards family and social responsibility. The findings suggest that generational features of socialization are determined by differences in the value priorities of individuals, with the fundamental opposition between collectivism and individualism serving as a core element in this regard. This research highlights the necessity of understanding the impact of new media on the evolving dynamics of socialization and the consequent implications for intergenerational relationships.

Elder Abuse in Migrant Communities in Australia: A Scoping Review

ABSTRACT This scoping review aims to inform future social work research and practice on elder abuse among migrants from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds in Australia. Social work practice is informed by a range of models of elder abuse, with limited evidence, and often fails to consider the norms related to older people’s cultural background. The authors followed Joanna Briggs Institute’s (JBI) guidelines to search 11 academic databases and government-related reports systematically. The final review included 27 documents. The findings show that elder abuse is an important issue in migrant communities. However, there is a lack of empirical research. The experiences of elder abuse were found to differ between cultural groups. Older migrants often hesitated to speak out and seek help due to stigma, fear, and uncertainty. The main risk factors included language barriers, intergenerational differences, social isolation, and poor access to services. The review indicated that protective factors and cultural influences require further investigation, while existing policies and support services lack cultural sensitivity. Culturally informed research is needed to improve social work practice, policies, and support services to assist older people experiencing abuse within individual migrant communities. IMPLICATIONS Policies and future research on elder abuse in diverse groups should prioritise understanding the influence of culture and protective factors. Social workers and service providers must be respectful of differences amongst cultures and practice with humility to develop knowledge and understanding of elder abuse in individual migrant communities.

Consent to medical student teaching: an observational, cross-sectional study exploring the patient view.

New Zealand guidelines stipulate that patient consent is obtained for medical student involvement in clinical care, however, patients' preferences regarding consent for medical student teaching have not been widely explored. This study examined patient preferences for consent for medical student teaching with the aim to increase patient empowerment, to optimise care and to reflect societal expectations more accurately. Observational, semi-qualitative, cross-sectional study of in-patients. Each participant was presented with a series of nine hypothetical clinical scenarios and were allowed a limited number of responses. For each scenario the participants completed a short questionnaire about their preferences for consent. These included their preferred mode of consent (implicit, verbal or written), timing of consent, and who should take their consent. The analysis used descriptive statistics and ordinal logistic regression mixed models to investigate associations between patient characteristics and chosen mode of consent. There were 123 participants (50% male), median age was 64 years. Patients were admitted to either medical (69%), surgical (22%) or women's health (9%). Increasing age was statistically significantly associated with a preference for verbal and implicit rather than written consent with the exception of 'breaking bad news' and 'bedside teaching'. The majority of patients preferred verbal consent across all nine clinical scenarios (57-82%), including two surgical scenarios where verbal consent was preferred by 59%. Most patients preferred the supervising doctor to take consent, with no clear preference about the timing. This study identifies the patient voice in the consent process for the involvement of medical students in clinical care. Although the patients' views generally align with an existing national consensus statement, there is variability in the expectations of the patients suggesting flexibility in the consent process is still needed. The preference for older patients for verbal or implicit consent compared with younger patients for more invasive scenarios highlights the need for consideration of inter-generational differences. Most patients in this study were willing to contribute to student learning in all scenarios.

Financing and Provision of Long‐Term Care in Europe: Reflections on Intergenerational Solidarity in Care for Older People

ABSTRACTIncreasing demand for long‐term care (LTC) in Europe amid population ageing has challenged how states will evolve to respond to changing needs and questions the younger generations' willingness to support future care for older people. Using novel data from the InCARE survey (September 2021–March 2022), we investigate age‐related attitudes towards the family's and state's role in financing and organising LTC, and whether caregiving experience or care regime type mediates these differences. Ordered logistic regressions indicate upward intergenerational solidarity of younger adults towards public responsibility relative to middle‐aged individuals across countries, but also a stronger perceived obligation to provide care, despite potential negative career impacts. Caregiving experience mediates attitudes to informal care among mid‐aged individuals, driven by intensity in care. Differences in attitudes across care regimes associate with differing levels of state generosity, where individuals in states with less responsibility for LTC are more supportive of the family's role in financing and providing care. Intergenerational differences in attitudes emerge predominantly where state support is less generous and greater responsibility is placed on the family. Our findings suggest the younger generation is generally likely to be supportive of a sustained role of the state in protecting against risks associated with LTC. Support for the state relative to familial obligations is strong among all age groups and across care regimes, suggesting LTC is recognised as a social risk deserving of coverage under social protection schemes and points to the substantial envisioned role of the state in protecting against finance and well‐being risks associated with care in future.

The Relation among Vocational Teachers’ Use of Digital and Mobile Tools and Socio-Demographic Factors

Education is increasingly influenced by digitalization and intergenerational differences. With the coming of the Alpha generation and its future entry into secondary education, there is a need to continuously improve and adapt educational strategies, teaching methods, and pedagogical and digital competences of teachers to these changes. The aim of the study is to find out which digital and mobile tools are used in teaching by Czech teachers in secondary vocational education and which factors influence teachers’ attitude towards the reasons for not including these tools in teaching. Data were collected using a questionnaire survey method. The data were analyzed at 95% confidence level using Chi-square test in SPSS software. Phicoefficient, Odds ratio, and Cramer’s V method were used to find out the degree of relation between the variables. The research showed a significant effect of gender, age, and subject area taught on teachers’ use of digital tools. The use of mobile tools in teaching decreases as teachers, age. Women are more likely to not use LMS Moodle compared to men. Women perceive teachers’ digital competences as more deficient and believe that they may be the reason for not using digital tools in teaching. The study extends theoretical knowledge and provides recommendations on how to prepare secondary education actors in the context of digital pedagogy for the arrival of the Alpha generation.

Pemetaan Strategi Komunikasi Pergerakan Feminis Indonesia di Ruang Digital

This research aims to explore the communication strategies of the digital feminist movement in Indonesia in using social media as a space for message propagation. In the digital era, social media has become the main instrument for feminist communities to deconstruct common gender narratives and advocate for issues related to gender equality and women's empowerment. Using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach, this research analyzes several relevant literatures to identify the communication strategies applied by Indonesian feminist communities. The results show that these communication strategies include decentralization of information, increased interactivity with audiences, utilization of social media-specific features such as hashtags and highlights, and the use of multimedia content to increase audience appeal. The findings highlight how social media is becoming an influential tool that enables inclusive and collaborative advocacy in the digital space, with challenges of limited internet access and intergenerational differences in understanding how to operate social media features

Psychological Safety in Later Life Housing: What it Means to Older LGBTQ+ Adults

ABSTRACT Research on the views and experiences of older LGBTQ+ adults accessing long-term care (LTC) identifies concerns of discrimination and identity loss. However, what the concept of psychological safety means to this population in LTC and later-life housing has been neglected. Understanding psychological safety could help ensure the needs of LGBTQ+ elders are understood and considered more appropriately in LTC planning and operation. Thirty-six older LGBTQ+ adults were interviewed individually or in focus groups. Data were analyzed inductively using reflexive thematic analysis. Eleven subthemes were identified and organized around six main themes: 1) historical impact on psychological safety, 2) discrimination in the current living context, 3) acceptance from others and self, 4) belonging and connection, 5) protection and security, and 6) moving away from heteronormative care. This novel study found that the past and current experiences of LGBTQ+ elders with discrimination and its impact on psychological safety need to be understood and incorporated within staff training. Acceptance, belonging and connection, and protection and security strengthened psychological safety. LTC services and its staff need to move away from heteronormative care, present positive LGBTQ+ attitudes, and show an understanding and awareness of LGBTQ+ intergenerational and intercommunity similarities and differences to engender psychological safety.

Family successor CEO and innovation investment: a study based on the theoretical upper echelons and conflict theory

PurposeGrounded in upper echelons theory (UET) and conflict theory, the purpose of this study is to analyzes the innovative behavior of family firms from the perspective of the cognitive differences between successors and senior managers.Design/methodology/approachThis research employed a sample listed family firms in China. The obtained results were subjected to hierarchical regression analysis, complemented by rigorous model robustness testing through propensity score matching and regression with substitution variables.FindingsSuccessors engender task conflicts with family members in the top management team (TMT) due to cognitive differences, thereby stimulating corporate innovation. Conversely, successors engender relationship conflicts with non-family members in the TMT, impeding innovation. Furthermore, the performance expectations and the gender of the successor CEO also influence the relationship between cognitive differences and innovation between the successor and the TMT.Originality/valueThis study's originality and value lie in its innovative application of UET and conflict perspectives to dissect the intricate layers of intergenerational cognitive differences and their impact on the innovative behavior of family firms. It augments our comprehension of how the internal dynamics within family firms shape strategic innovation decisions.

NIGERIA’S SECURITY DYNAMICS AND THE FIGHT AGAINST CRIME

This review paper delves into the 'security dynamics in Nigeria, and the fight against crime', elucidating the current state of criminal activities in Nigeria, which have reached unprecedented levels, particularly with the emergence of social media and other sophisticated technological tools. Nevertheless, the paper aims to leverage these advanced technological resources for intelligence gathering to combat crime effectively. It correlates the nature of criminal activities and their evolution with the intergenerational differences present in our society today, highlighting how these differences have also impacted the capabilities of law enforcement agencies in addressing crime in Nigeria. The recommendations put forth in this paper emphasize the significance of inter-agency cooperation, advocating for the integration of advanced intelligence-gathering mechanisms into the operational frameworks of security agencies to expedite crime prevention. Additionally, the discussion on recommendations entails investing in community policing, enhancing security protocols, and enacting reforms, among other proposals.

Analisis Komparatif Kosa Kata Gaul Generasi Z Dan Milenial Implikasi Sosialiguistik

This research analyzes the differences in slang vocabulary used by Generation Z and the Millennial Generation and their implications in a sociolinguistic context. Intergenerational differences in language use, especially slang, reflect cultural changes, technological developments and social dynamics that influence daily communication patterns. Using a qualitative approach and comparative methods, this research identifies variations in slang vocabulary and explores the factors that influence these differences. Data was collected through direct observation and interviews with representatives of each generation to understand their perceptions of slang. The research results show that there are significant variations in vocabulary, where Generation Z is more influenced by digital culture and social media, while Millennials tend to retain terms that developed from the popular culture of the 2000s. The sociolinguistic implications of these differences include aspects of identity, communication habits, and intergenerational relationships. It is hoped that this research will provide insight into language changes in urban society and its contribution to the development of sociolinguistics.

A near-mint view toward integration: Are adolescents more inclusive than adults?

The increasing ethnic and cultural diversity of contemporary societies has raised the importance of integration policies for people with a migrant background. Tools like the Migrant Integration Policy Index have been developed to evaluate different countries' integration approaches. If, on the one hand, focusing on what governments are doing to promote integration is necessary, on the other hand, it is of utmost importance to consider individuals' attitudes toward these policies. Study 1: A pilot study with 356 adolescents (41.1% female, 58.9% male; Mage = 15.38) and 200 adults (69% female, 31% male; Mage = 47.43) was conducted to test the psychometric proprieties of the Attitudes Toward Migrant Integration Policies scale. Study 2: A total of 1,156 adolescents (51.6% female, 48.4% male; Mage = 15.69), 1,288 parents (56.9% mothers, 43.1% fathers; Mage = 49.39), and 284 teachers (68.3% female, 31.7% male; Mage = 45.55) were involved in a study to evaluate how attitudes toward integration policies differ within generations (e.g., ethnic majority and minority groups), within families (e.g., adolescents vs. their fathers), and across generational groups (i.e., adolescents, parents, and teachers). Latent mean comparisons indicated that attitudes toward integration policies varied significantly across sex (for adolescents and parents), ethnic background (parents only), and school track (adolescents) groups. Regarding differences within family dyads, adolescents reported more positive attitudes toward integration policies than their fathers and mothers. Finally, teachers showed more positive attitudes compared to adolescents and their parents. Overall, this study highlights nuanced intergenerational differences, with adolescents standing in between the different positions of their parents and teachers. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Psychological needs and social comparison: a dual analysis of the life satisfaction of local workers with agricultural hukou

BackgroundBased on their place of employment, workers with agricultural hukou (WAH) are categorized into local workers with agricultural hukou (LWAH) and migrant workers with agricultural hukou (MWAH). Research shows that although LWAH often find themselves at a disadvantage in terms of labour income and access to public services, the significant growth of this group in recent years has drawn attention to their choice of workplace and the factors influencing it. Guided by the theories of self-determination and social comparison, this study aims to explore the impact of the differences between LWAH and MWAH in psychological needs and social comparisons on life satisfaction, as well as the underlying mechanisms.MethodsThis study utilizes data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) from 2014 to 2020, employing a two-way fixed effects model to investigate the differences in life satisfaction between 1,976 LWAH and MWAH. Additionally, propensity score matching (PSM) is used to conduct regression analysis on the matched sample, providing a more accurate comparison of life satisfaction between LWAH and MWAH under similar individual characteristics. Finally, the study further examines the mediating effects of perceived social status and job satisfaction and analyses the differences in life satisfaction between LWAH and MWAH across dimensions such as generation, region, and work conditions.ResultsThe baseline regression results indicate that LWAH have significantly higher life satisfaction compared to MWAH, and this finding is robust to various tests. Mediation analysis reveals that perceived social status plays a mediating role in the difference in life satisfaction between LWAH and MWAH, while job satisfaction does not have a significant mediating effect. Heterogeneity analysis further shows that intergenerational, regional, and work condition differences have varying impacts on the life satisfaction of two groups.ConclusionsThis study provides important insights into understanding the workplace choices and quality of life of Chinese workers with agricultural hukou. Finally, to effectively promote situ urbanization processes, local governments need to prioritize enhancing workers with agricultural hukou (WAH)’s autonomy, sense of competence, and social status, thereby improving their perceived social status in society and attracting more labourers to return to their hometowns for work and entrepreneurship.

The body image of the contemporary senior and its interpretations. The perspective of different generations

This article discusses part of a qualitative study carried out among representatives of four generations (the traditionalist generation, baby boomers, generation X, and generation Y), which reveals intergenerational differences in the way the ageing human body is perceived and the body practices to which it is currently exposed. Using the category of generations and assuming that the human body is a social construct resulting from the process of the socialisation of the biological – a symbolic form reflecting the rules, social hierarchies and cultural obligations binding in a given society and at a given historical moment, the article proposes an answer to the question: how does the moment of life of representatives of different generations, and thus the socio-cultural conditions defining selected generations of Polish men and women, determine the way in which the appearance of the body of contemporary seniors is interpreted? The collected material allows us to perceive generational differences (in the chosen topic), while the literature used helps to interpret the results of the study.

'You are too much in this modern world, that's why you are like this': Understanding perceptions of mental health among Somali women in London.

This is a qualitative study exploring the perceptions of mental health among Somali women living in London. Participants, over the age of 18, female and identifying as Somali, were recruited from a community centre in West London. Seven participants were recruited and semi-structured interviews were conducted to better understand perceptions of mental health, care-seeking, treatment and different understandings of these issues within the Somali community in London. Interview transcripts were imported into NVIVO version 14 to be coded, and description-focussed coding and thematic analysis were used to interpret key themes. Concerns around judgement, shame and stigma are key issues affecting attitudes towards mental health in this group. Other important issues affecting conceptualisations and attitudes towards mental health were intergenerational differences, isolation from the community, stigma and secrecy. Participants also reported the importance of protective factors, particularly faith and family in their lives. This research adds to existing literature in exploring perceptions of mental health in Somali communities in the UK and such research is helpful in identifying cultural barriers to recognition and treatment of mental health within this community.

DIFFERENCES IN INDICATORS OF EXISTENTIAL FULLNESS OF REPRESENTATIVES OF DIFFERENT GENERATIONS

The article presents the results of a study on indicators of existential fulfillment among representatives of different generations. The study was conducted on a sample of representatives of generations who share the same sociocultural space and constitute the most active part of society - generations X, Y and Z. The results of the study made it possible to supplement existing ideas about intergenerational differences and prerequisites for a high level of existential fulfillment. The data obtained will be useful and applicable in the field of practical and theoretical psychology and can be used in advisory practice on problems of personal development, meaning-making, formation of personal maturity and psychological culture of the individual.

Varieties and transformations in emic interpretations of Catholic rituals in contemporary Podhale: a semiotic perspective on religious change

AbstractIn this paper, I examine intergenerational differences in emic interpretations of various types of ritual references in the religious culture of the Podhale region (Poland), which is known for its lavish celebrations of Catholic holidays and rites of passage. Drawing on Roy Rappaport’s theory of ritual communication, particularly the distinction between self-referential and canonical messages, I analyze Podhale highlanders’ attitudes toward the self-referential messages communicated by ritual participants. The analysis of my respondents’ narratives revealed that a change in attitude toward ritual messages considering individual social status correlates with a change in the conceptualization of the ritual’s reference to its transcendent object. This paper presents this phenomenon through the lens of the basic concepts of Charles Sanders Peirce’s theory of semiosis and demonstrates that some changes in the religious culture of Podhale can be interpreted as changes in the dynamics between the components of the sign.