Intentional Decisions Research Articles

Collaborative approaches with stakeholders in speech-language pathology: Narrative literature review.

Collaborative approaches in speech-language pathology (SLP) aim to integrate the experience of clients and people important to them by including these stakeholders actively in decision making. This inclusion can lead to more effective, engaging, and safer SLP practice. A variety of collaborative approaches have evolved in response to sociocultural contexts, and as a result, there are many different approaches currently in use such as co-design, co-production, and co-creation. However, despite widening acceptance and utilisation of collaborative approaches, the use and evidence for these in SLP literature have not been considered collectively. The current study aims to explore how collaborative approaches, used to develop products or services in SLP, are reported in literature. Using narrative review methodology, a systematic search of three databases and hand searching were conducted to explore how collaborative approaches, used to develop products or services, are reported in SLP. Search terms reflected the breadth of collaborative approaches and the diverse nature of SLP across clinical practice. Following screening of initial data, 59 articles were identified for data extraction and narrative synthesis. An internationally recognised reporting checklist for stakeholder involvement called the Guidance for Reporting Involvement of Patients and the Public, Version 2 (GRIPP2), informed the reviewing process in addition to qualitative description. Collaborative approaches across SLP practice were found to be diverse as were the terminology and tools used for collaboration. Two-thirds of the studies were published after 2020. The timing and involvement of stakeholders in collaborative approaches varied greatly; however, most stakeholder involvement was found in the conducting of research activities, compared to other areas such as planning, analysis, and reporting. The GRIPP2 review indicated strengths and opportunities in reporting of stakeholder involvement. When stakeholder involvement was rigorously reported it could include reflection on how stakeholders contributed within their communication abilities and how this contribution benefited the study. Collaborative approaches reported in SLP focused on valuing and respecting people with living experience of communication and swallowing difficulties. This narrative review contributes to the resources available to support decision-making and working together with stakeholders, encouraging SLPs to reflect, consider the context and respond. Future research could continue to strengthen consistency in terminology for collaborative approaches, use frameworks to plan and report stakeholder involvement and carefully consider involvement across the research continuum. What is already known on this subject There is an expectation that health services include stakeholders in development and evaluation of services. Collaborative approaches in speech-language pathology (SLP) aim to integrate the lived experience of people with communication and swallowing difficulties and those important to them. These approaches, including but not limited to, co-design, co-production and participatory action research, have shared philosophies of being community-driven, strengths based and inclusive (Loeffler & Bovaird, 2021). What this paper adds to existing knowledge This study contributes information about current SLP practice when collaborative approaches have been employed to develop a product or service. The study maps diverse collaborative approaches and their frequency in the literature, as well as the various stakeholders involved, using the Guidance for Reporting Involvement of Patients and the Public, Version 2 (GRIPP2) checklists to guide the review of reporting stakeholder involvement. What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work? This synthesis of literature supports researchers and clinicians in making intentional decisions in implementation and reporting of collaborative approaches. This decision-making can strengthen the implementation of collaborative approaches, which has implications for person-centred care in SLP.

Breaking up with belongings: a pilot randomized controlled trial of an unguided web-based program to reduce overconsumption

Numerous consumers engage in wasteful and unsustainable consumption despite knowing it is associated with several personal, social, economic, and environmental harms. To aid consumers in reducing consumption, we created Breaking up with Belongings (BB), a fully automated web-based intervention with a downloadable workbook. Eligible participants were recruited using social media ads. They were Australian residents, aged 18 or older, fluent in English, had consistent computer and internet access, and reported having excess possessions and/or having difficulty making intentional decisions about possessions. We assessed the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of this intervention compared to a waitlist (WL) control in a 3-month, parallel, two-arm pilot randomized controlled trial. Over three weeks, 171 individuals screened for this study; 96 were eligible and randomized to condition (48 BB group, 48 WL group). Three-quarters of participants provided follow-up data and accessed the program. The BB group found the program acceptable and outperformed the WL group on two primary outcomes (cautious shopping and clutter removal) and on all secondary outcomes (impulsive buying, expenditure, hoarding tendencies, clutter-related impairment, object attachment, and emotion regulation). These findings will be used to enhance the program’s effectiveness and broader applicability, which will be tested through a larger randomized controlled trial.

Keterkaiatan antara Citra Merek, Kepercayaan Merek, dan Celebrity Endorser Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian dan Peran Minat Beli Sebagai Mediator

The fashion industry in Indonesia has undergone major changes with the development of the athleisure trend, which combines elements of sports with everyday fashion. Puma, as one of the leading brands, faces challenges in expanding its market share amidst increasingly fierce competition. This study aims to examine the impact of Citra Merek, Kepercayaan Merek, and celebrity endorsement on Puma consumers' purchasing decisions, and to evaluate the role of purchase intention as a mediating variable. A quantitative approach was used in this study, with data analysis through SEM-PLS 4.. The results showed that Citra Merek, which emphasizes modern and trendy aspects, has a significant positive effect on purchase intention and purchase decision. Kepercayaan Merek was also proven to have a positive effect on both variables. In addition, celebrities who become endorsers with high reputations also increase purchase intention and purchase decision. Purchase intention plays an important role as a mediator in the relationship between Citra Merek, Kepercayaan Merek, and celebrities with purchase decision. This study provides further insight into the interaction of marketing factors and highlights the importance of exploring further into other factors that influence purchase decisions.

Remnants of Urbicide and Shared Heritage: Uncovering Beirut’s Liminal Political Holes

ABSTRACT The article explores the ways deliberate and large-scale destruction within the urban environment of Beirut initiates a state of liminality resulting in “political holes”– empty areas dispersed throughout the cityscape. The existence of these political holes creates a shared heritage of liminality in the post-conflict territory of Beirut. Drawing from Coward’s (2008) framing of urbicide, Casati and Varzi’s (1994) definition of the hole, and van Gennep’s (1960) and Turner’s (1969) notions of liminality, the article introduces the term “political hole” as a physical liminal spatial entity – an absence – in the urban fabric achieved through an intentional political decision to demolish shared space. Based on a study of a series of demolitions in Beirut, Lebanon, between 1983 and 1994, the article demonstrates how urbicide led to the obliteration of heritage and the appearance of political holes in the city. Using aerial view observation and walking practices, the liminal ephemeral political holes are exposed as physical traces that sit in limbo, awaiting their replacement with a new building. Through analysis, these spaces are then uncovered as a representation of a history of urbicide, embodying the shared permanent liminality that was inflicted on Beirut’s urban landscape.

Replantation After Dental Avulsion: A Scoping Review and Proposal of a Flow Chart.

Dental avulsion, the complete displacement of a tooth from its socket, is a severe dental trauma with a prevalence of 0.5% to 16% of all dental injuries. Replantation of avulsed teeth is common, yet recent studies show high failure rates and unpredictable long-term outcomes. This review examines clinical variables influencing intentional dental replantation decisions and proposes a treatment flow chart. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed-Medline, Scopus, WoS, and Cochrane databases using the keywords "tooth avulsion," "tooth replantation," and "tooth ankylosis." Inclusion criteria encompassed studies from January 2018 to February 2024. From 752 identified articles, 9 systematic reviews including 3 meta-analyses were selected for this scoping review. Immediate replantation is the gold standard for avulsed teeth, yet delayed replantation is more common in practice, impacting survival rates. Adherence to guidelines from the International Association on Dental Traumatology improves outcomes, especially in paediatric patients. Factors such as multiple caries, severe periodontal disease, advanced age, psychological conditions, immunodeficiency, and lack of cooperation are contraindications for replantation. Despite the high failure rate, replantation remains recommended in literature due to its potential advantages over prosthetic implants. This review highlights the complexities in decision-making for dental replantation, emphasising the need for a comprehensive approach considering individual clinical cases. A proposed treatment flow chart aims to support clinicians in predicting prognosis and making informed decisions. The review also underscores the link between dental trauma, poor oral health, and potential neglect in children, highlighting the importance of preventive measures and parental awareness.

Nephrology Provider Engagement in Comprehensive Shared Decision-Making Discussions With Older Adults: Results of a Cross-Sectional Survey.

Background: The largest patient group initiating dialysis for end-stage renal disease is persons over 75 years. Evidence indicates pre-dialysis shared decision-making discussions between nephrology providers and older adults are infrequent and often do not include an option for conservative management of symptoms without dialysis. Aims: To assess and compare behavioral determinants of nephrology providers' use of comprehensive pre-dialysis shared decision-making discussions with older adults. A secondary aim was to prepare the bases for tailored behavioral intervention(s) for nephrology providers by identifying the determinant(s) that should be targeted to elicit change in comprehensive shared decision-making intentions and the resulting behavior. Methods: A cross-sectional survey based on the Theory of Planned Behavior was completed by nephrologists from a state organization and nephrology advance practitioners from a national organization, either in person or online via Qualtrics. Results: Survey respondents included nephrologists (n=29), and nurse practitioners (n=37) and physician assistants (n=7), combined, were predominantly female (83%) and White American (67%). Spearman rho correlation results showed attitude, social norm, and perceived behavioral control were correlated with shared decision-making behavior for one or both groups. Significant differences were present between the two groups for determinants and behaviors. Conclusion: Based on the determinants predominantly influencing SDM behavior of nephrology advance practitioners, behavioral interventions targeting the determinants of Social Norm and Perceived Behavioral Control are warranted. All determinants can be utilized in behavioral interventions for nephrologists.Opportunity exists for collaboration between providers to develop consistent and effective methods of SDM discussion that fit into a typical workday.

The Influence of Brand Image, Brand Awareness, and Promotional Strategies on Purchase Intention Decisions and Its Impact on Purchasing Decisions Among Gen Z (Study on Digital Out of Home Advertising: Videotron)

The Influence of Brand Image, Brand Awareness, and Promotional Strategies on Purchase Intention Decisions and Its Impact on Purchasing Decisions Among Gen Z (Study on Digital Out of Home Advertising: Videotron)

Contextual considerations in TPACK: Collaborative processes in initial teacher education

The importance of educational technologies continues to be revealed in contemporary classrooms and has consequently resulted in calls for those in initial teacher education programs to engage with contexts in which they can develop and demonstrate their technological, pedagogical and content knowledge (TPACK). Despite TPACK being one of the world's most frequently used frameworks for understanding teachers’ technology integration (Hew et al., 2019; Niederhauser & Lindström, 2018), conceptualisations of the contexts in which pre-service teachers develop and demonstrate their TPACK are often confined to physical locations (Phillips et al., 2016; Phillips, 2016b; Rosenberg & Koehler, 2015). This research takes a broader consideration of ‘context’ through explorations of empirical data from a study of Australian pre-service teachers (PSTs) collaboratively planning, delivering and reflecting on team-taught, online, high school STEM classes in an attempt to answer the research question driving this research: What contextually situated learning process shape pre-service teachers’ TPACK development? Data from a series of semi-structured interviews revealed changes in the ways in which pre-service teachers conceptualised their TPACK. More importantly, this study found that the situated learning processes of induction, transferability, positive interdependence, synchronicity, and negotiability (Johnson and Johnson, 1994; Dillenbourg, 1999) were particularly important in explaining how participants understood and explained their TPACK acquisition and enactment. This research also highlights the importance of intentional design decisions by teacher educators to consider broader conceptualisations of ‘contexts’ which illustrate the importance of situated and collaborative learning opportunities to shape pre-service teachers TPACK. Importantly, these designs in this setting also empowered pre-service teachers to take risks with their praxis as they reported a feeling of emotional safety when teaching with a liminal peer. Consequently, the power of collaborative processes and interactions were revealed as new contextual considerations in the TPACK framework.

Diversified flood governance and related socio-spatial vulnerability in Tana River County, Kenya.

What are the consequential socio-spatial vulnerabilities of fragmentation in flood risk governance (FRG) functions in Tana River County, Kenya? To answer the question, this paper utilises social differentiation theory to establish types and consequences of such fragmentation. It applies theoretical patterns and processes of social differentiation to expose that FRG diversification could result in fragmentation of FRG functions. The study employs an interview strategy that focuses on governmental and non-governmental FRG actors. The results reveal that fragmented FRG functions in Tana River County was not an intentional policy decision, but rather a product of a transitional vacuum between policy promulgation and implementation. Furthermore, socio-spatial vulnerabilities differentiated by patterns and processes related to age, gender, disability, and ethnicity, for instance, are consequential outcomes of fragmented FRG functions in the Tana River floodplains. The study recommends implementation of the National Disaster Management Policy in Tana River County and institutionalisation of a specific FRG policy and legal framework.

Factors influence on consumers purchase intention and purchase decisions of organic food in Indonesia

Background: Organic products in Indonesia represent 0.03% of global demand. Health problems are one of the causes of increasing consumer awareness in the world to maintain health and reduce environmental impact. The organic market is growing, but obstacles awareness still prevents it. The purpose of this research is to examine the influence of health consciousness, perceived quality, and environmental awareness of organic food in Indonesia. Methods: A quantitative method was used and the data acquired through Google form. The research design method by conducting online questionnaires. The questionnaires were distributed online for those who have intention to purchase organic food in Indonesia. The total respondents in this research are 180. The data analysis design used in this research is Partial Least Square-based Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) using Smart-PLS, starting from the measurement of outer model, inner model, and hypothesis testing. Result: This study has 7 hypotheses and the results showed that health consciousness, perceived quality, directly influencing purchase decision and indirectly mediated by purchase intention. Conclusion: However, environmental awareness has no direct and indirect influence on consumer purchase decisions of organic food in Indonesia. Novelty/Originality of this study: Using the PLS-SEM method, this study provides in-depth insights into how these factors influence purchase intention, while environmental awareness does not show a significant influence.

(Don’t) believe me, I’m telling the truth! Speech disfluency and eye contact as cues to veracity, intention, and truth judgement

ABSTRACT There is no consensus in the literature about the role of speech disfluencies and eye contact as cues to deception. The current study uses a picture-description game (the treasure hunting paradigm) to collect speech and eye contact data of speakers and veracity assessments of listeners engaged in a socially meaningful interaction. The paradigm was implemented so that not only statement veracity (i.e. true or false) could be manipulated, but also speaker’s intention (i.e. wanting or not wanting to be believed) and listener decision (i.e. believing or not believing the speaker). Multivariate Pattern Analysis showed that disfluency patterns could predict intention and decision above chance, but not veracity. Eye contact could predict veracity, intention, and decision above the chance level. Future research should focus more on qualitative features (i.e. when and how), while accounting for speaker intention.

Pengaruh Selebgram Endorsement dan E-Wom terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Konsumen Bittersweet by Najla melalui Niat Beli

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the impact of celebrity Instagram endorsements and e-WOM on the purchasing decisions of bittersweet consumers through purchase intention. Methodology/approach: The research method used was ex post facto with a quantitative approach. Non-probability sampling was the sampling technique employed. Questionnaires were the primary means of data collection. Data analysis was conducted using SmartPLS tools. Results: Celebrity Instagram endorsements have a positive and significant impact on purchase intention and purchase decisions. Purchase intention also had a positive and significant impact on purchasing decisions. However, e-WOM does not have a significant impact on purchase intentions or purchase decisions. The results of the hypothesis testing for indirect effects indicate that celebrity Instagram endorsements have a positive and significant impact on purchase decisions mediate purchase intention, but purchase intention does not successfully mediate the influence of e-WOM on purchasing decisions. Limitations: This research does not cover the entire consumer population of Bittersweet By Najla, which is only represented by 103 respondents. The variables used by researchers do not fully fulfill the influence of purchasing intentions and decisions. The variables used by researchers can also be expanded by using other variables. Contribution: Based on the results of the research that has been carried out, the researcher wants to provide input to Bittersweet using Najla as a research object: Researchers suggest that Bittersweet by Najla can endorse honest celebrities, such as Titan Tyra. Researchers have also suggested that Bittersweet by Najla makes social networks as attractive as possible. Research suggests that Bittersweet by Najla can develop more food products so that if consumers do not eat the products, they will feel less.

Single parenthood and depression: A thorough review of current understanding.

Single parenthood is becoming increasingly common in today's society for various reasons such as divorce, the death of a spouse, or the choice of parenthood. Regrettably, there seems to be no significant concern among world leaders regarding depression arising from single parenting. This article aimed to explore the prevalence of depression in single parents, the factors contributing to it, and its effects on their physical and emotional well-being. Additionally, it aims to investigate the long-lasting effects of depression in single parents, effective therapeutic approaches to tackle these issues and offer proactive suggestions for relevant global stakeholders. A selection of studies was identified through electronic databases such as PubMed, Embase, and PsycINFO databases. The search strategy encompassed terms related to single parenthood, depression, mental health, prevalence, risk factors, and treatment modalities. Included studies comprised of peer-reviewed research articles, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and observational studies published in English. Today, there is a growing prevalence of single parenthood due to a range of factors, including divorce, the loss of a partner, and intentional decisions regarding single parenthood. However, this transition comes with challenges, including the risk of developing depression. Depression is a serious mental health condition affecting many individuals worldwide. Raising a child alone increases the likelihood of developing depression for the parent due to the increased burden and responsibilities. Such parents tend to have low self-esteem, suicide/suicide attempts, and so forth and children born by those parents are vulnerable to depression, physical abuse, infections, etc. Future research should focus on identifying effective interventions for treating depression among single parents and improving the availability of mental health facilities for this vulnerable population, especially in places with a high prevalence of depression. Mental health physicians in collaboration with obstetricians and gynecologists across the globe should offer counseling and mediation services during pre-conception care visits for both single and partnered parents.

The Effect of Brand Awareness on Decisive Customer Intention and Purchase Behavior of Shopee Gen Z Customers

The pervasive influence and evolution of social media continue to reshape societal dynamics. Accordingly, the current study endeavors to scrutinize whether brand awareness (BA), brand knowledge (BK), and brand preference (BP) serve as independent variables influencing customer intention (CI), with Purchase Decision (PD) serving as the dependent variable with CI as mediating factor in the relationship between BA, BK, BP, and PD. Against the backdrop of the Shopee marketplace, the study was conducted through a survey targeting Shopee customers specifically generation Z or millennials who had a history of purchasing or frequent platform usage in West Java, Indonesia. The quantitative dataset was compiled from responses provided by 91 participants, employing purposive sampling technique, the collected data were subjected to Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using SmartPLS software for analysis. The outcomes indicated that BA and BK had insignificant effects on CI and PD. Conversely, BP demonstrated a significant and positive influence on customer intention and purchase decision. Moreover, the analysis revealed that CI acts as a significant mediator between BP and purchase decision. Thus, leveraging social media can augment brand preference, with an associated increase in customer intention leading to heightened purchase decisions. These findings furnish valuable insights to businesses, aiding them in making informed decisions regarding the selection of the most suitable social media strategy.

Research on Autonomous Vehicle Obstacle Avoidance Path Planning with Consideration of Social Ethics

Self-driving car research can effectively reduce the occurrence of traffic accidents, but when encountering sudden people or obstacles cutting into the lane, how to reduce the damage hazard to traffic participants and make ethical decisions is the key point that the development of self-driving technology must break through. When faced with sudden traffic participants, self-driving vehicles need to make ethical decisions between ramming into the traffic participants or other obstacles. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a model decision planning method based on multi-objective evaluation function path evaluation of local path planning. This method addresses the ethical model disagreement problem of self-driving vehicles encountering traffic participants and other obstacles. The aim is to ensure the safety of the lives of the traffic participants and achieve the vehicle’s reasonable ethical decision planning. Firstly, when anticipating traffic participants and other obstacles, the vehicle’s planning intention decisions are obtained through fuzzy algorithms. Different sets of curves for various positions are generated based on dynamic programming algorithms. These curves are then fitted using B-spline curves, incorporating obstacle collision costs, and classifying obstacles into different types with varying cost weights. Secondly, factors such as path length and average path curvature are considered for path total cost calculations. Finally, a local path that avoids traffic participants is obtained. This path is then tracked using a pure pursuit algorithm. The proposed algorithm’s effectiveness is verified through simulation experiments and comparative analyses conducted on the MATLAB platform. In conclusion, this research promotes a safer and more sustainable transport system in line with the principles of sustainable development by addressing the challenges associated with safety and ethical decision making in self-driving cars.

Joint Situational Assessment‐Hierarchical Decision‐Making Framework for Maneuver Intent Decisions

Decision‐making in unmanned combat aerial vehicles (UCAVs) presents a multifaceted challenge because of the complexity and dynamics of the flight environment, which leads to hurdles in training convergence, low decision validity, and the dimensionality catastrophe for decision‐making neural networks. A novel framework is proposed to address breaking down the complicated decision issues, which combines the strengths of graph convolutional networks in relation extraction with the ability of hierarchical reinforcement learning. To solve the problem of decision validity under high‐dimensional inputs, the joint framework is applied to the Maneuver Intent's decision, and a maneuver library‐based state space design method is suggested. The joint framework executes adaptable strategies and flight maneuvers to address the issue of training non‐convergence or task failure due to difficult‐to‐obtain reward signals across various scenarios. Then, the recurrent curriculum training and cross‐entropy rewards are designed to train decisions on different sub‐strategies. The experimental evaluation demonstrated more flexibility and adaptability in decision‐making problems under complex tasks compared to rule‐based and reinforcement learning baseline methods. The method proposed in this article provides a novel approach to resolving intricate decision problems, and which has certain theoretical significance and reference value for engineering applications.

Multi-head attention-based intelligent vehicle lane change decision and trajectory prediction model in highways

With the aim to improve the interaction between intelligent vehicles and human drivers, this article proposes the MCLG (multi-head attention + convolutional social pooling + long short-term memory + Gaussian mixture model) lane change decision and trajectory prediction model, which includes a lane-changing intention decision module. The model comprises a lane change decision module responsible for determining three lane change intentions: left lane change, right lane change, and car-following. Subsequently, a multi-head attention mechanism processes complex vehicle interaction information to enhance modeling accuracy and intelligence. In addition, uncertainty in trajectory prediction is considered by using multimodal trajectory prediction and Gaussian mixture model, and diversity and uncertainty are combined by combining trajectory prediction from several different modalities through probabilistic combinatorial sampling patterns. Test results indicate that the MCLG model, based on the multi-head attention module, outperforms existing methods in trajectory prediction. The decision module, which takes interactive information into account, exhibits higher predictability and accuracy. Furthermore, the MCLG model, considering the lane-changing decision module, significantly enhances trajectory prediction accuracy, providing robust decision-making support for autonomous driving systems.

Seeking the masculine with the feminine: P-6 pre-service teachers’ views on teaching about the 2020 US presidential election

As democracies have deteriorated worldwide, understanding preservice teachers’ perceptions regarding teaching about the 2020 US presidential election helps teacher educators better guide them to make informed and intentional pedagogical decisions for democratic education. Through a survey study, we found that early childhood and elementary preservice social studies teachers did not express a strong degree of comfort teaching about the presidential election and were most comfortable teaching about matters of literacy and of political agreement.

Balancing creativity and longevity: The ambiguous role of obsolescence in product design

This paper dives into the complex and often contentious realm of obsolescence within product design, examining its role as both a deliberate design choice and an unintended consequence of evolving external factors. Critically exploring how obsolescence straddles the line between artistic expression and design failure, analyzing its historical evolution, its manifestation in intentional design decisions, and its interplay with unforeseen technological and socio-cultural shifts. Our inquiry reveals the multifaceted impact of obsolescence on product longevity and sustainability, highlighting its potential as a catalyst for strategic innovation but also its significant ethical, environmental, and economic implications. This study underscores the nuanced challenges faced by designers, who must navigate the fine line between the allure of novelty and the sustainable value of durability. Concluding with actionable insights and strategic recommendations, aiming to guide designers toward creating products that seamlessly integrate aesthetic appeal, functional utility, and long-term relevance, thereby redefining the narrative of obsolescence in modern product design.

Centering Mathematics Pre-Service Teachers’ Whole Selves: A Collaborative Approach to Course Syllabus Design

In this participatory research, two pre-service teachers (PSTs) and a mathematics teacher educator (MTE) collaboratively analyzed multiple voices that influence syllabi from elementary mathematics teaching methods courses. Findings suggest syllabi fall along a continuum from harmonious to dissonant orchestration of the voices of past and present children, PSTs, MTEs, universities, and state policies. Formatting, stance makers, and content and wording influenced the kind of multivocality that addressivity, ventriloquation, and hybridization constituted. These findings informed our use of collage method to create a sample syllabus that centers the voices of PSTs and their future students. We discuss implications that intentional syllabus design decisions may have in humanizing these documents and fostering a relationship of mutuality and support between PSTs and MTEs.