Intensive Pulsed Light Research Articles

Impact of Intense Pulsed Light Therapy on the Quality of Life of Rosacea Patients

Abstract Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder affecting predominantly adult patients. The aim of the current investigation was to evaluate clinical response by using quality of life assessment before and after an IPL (intensive pulsed light) therapy course for patients sufferring from rosacea treated in the outpatient clinic “Health and Aesthetics” in Rīga during a one-year period (in 2016). All patients presented with typical clinical symptoms of rosacea on the face — acneiform papules, pustules, telangiectasia, centrofacial erythema, and complaints about flushing and burning. In the current study, 100 rosacea patients treated with IPL therapy were selected. Each patient filled in the quality of life questionnaire before and after two courses of IPL therapy. The interval between IPL therapy sessions was one month. The results reflected comprehensive benefit from IPL therapy for all rosacea patients. No serious side effects from IPL therapy were detected. Side effects like mild eythema after procedure (75%), mild oedema (10%), vesiculation (3%), and hyperpigmentation (8%) were completely resolved within four weeks after completion of treatment. In all patients, quality of life assessment showed a statistically significant increase after two courses of IPL therapy.

Hybrid Copper-Silver-Graphene Nanoplatelet Conductive Inks on PDMS for Oxidation Resistance Under Intensive Pulsed Light.

A simple, low-cost, and reliable process of production for conductive tracks and their transfer to poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) substrate has been proposed. Flexible electrodes were fabricated using conductive nanoparticulates under intensive pulsed light, which were then transferred on to a PDMS substrate via a pouring, curing, and peeling process. The combination of copper-silver nitrate-graphene nanoplatelets (GnPs) provided multiple benefits to the conductive tracks, such as oxidation resistance and increased durability on PDMS. The addition of silver nitrate reduced the speed of oxidation during the curing process of PDMS in the presence of heat and air. The addition of GnPs then increased the stability of conductive tracks on PDMS, whereas the films without GnPs were not conductive on PDMS due to mechanical cracks. The copper-silver-GnP electrodes on PDMS were successfully demonstrated as flexible electrodes and reveal the enhancement of oxidation resistance during thermal oxidation for Joule heater application.

Electrophoto-Biomodulation in Aesthetic Treatment of Postburn Hypopigmentation: Clinical Response in Relation to Histopathological Changes.

Hypopigmentation is a troublesome often-permanent sequelae after burn injury, particularly in dark races. A number of methods have been described to treat this phenomenon. In this work, we are going to study the effect of E light (intensive pulsed light+radiofrequency+cooling) in repigmentation of partial thickness and full thickness burn wounds in adult patients and light microscopic changes of biopsy material at various stages of repigmentation. In this study, 24 patients with postburn hypopigmentation were selected and E light was used, using different filters, according to the skin color. The intensive pulsed light fluence varied between 38 and 42 J. Radiofrequency fluencies varied between 6 and 10 J, and the spot diameter was 8 × 32 mm. Pulse durations of 2 to 7 milliseconds and pulse delays of 15 to 30 milliseconds were used on all patients.The patients were evaluated by comparing pretreatment and posttreatment photos. Skin biopsies were taken from depigmented area before and after interventions. Melanocytes were immunostained using Hwenty-four homatropine methylbromide 45 and were counted in ×200 magnification fields. Melanin can be demonstrated after staining with hematoxylin and eosin. Seventeen cases were evaluated as excellent, 4 cases were evaluated as good, and 3 cases were evaluated as fair, but all patients stressed that their wounds have been improved.Light microscopy at 6 weeks posttreatment also confirmed the increased melanocyte number per field in all cases. E light induced significant overall clinical improvement in postburn hypopigmentation, particularly when E light was applied early after burn.

Treatment for telangiectasias and reticular veins

Treatment for telangiectasias and reticular veins

Eco-friendly and rapid fabrication method for producing polyethylene terephthalate (PET) mask using intensive pulsed light

An eco-friendly and rapid fabrication method of processing polyethylene terephthalate (PET) films was developed using a laser printer and a xenon flashlight at room temperature under ambient air conditions by imprinting a pattern onto the PET films. A black square pattern was laser-printed onto various thicknesses of PET films and subjected to flashes of different powers. Using black colored patterns and a certain thickness of PET film, the black ink created a void in the PET film in the form of the set pattern. To understand this phenomenon, we measured the light absorbance spectrum of the xenon flashlight using a one-millisecond sampling rate of UV-vis spectrometer. Furthermore, Red-Green-Blue (RGB) compositions of the printed colors, such as yellow, red, green, blue, and black, were extracted using an image color extraction tool. By investigating the degree of light absorbed by the PET film, the absorbance score was defined by combining the percentage of light intensity with the wavelength of the light and the proportion of each color in the RGB compositions. A complex star pattern and a mask for the fabrication of a copper nanoink electrode were created to demonstrate the industry applications of the method.

Printed highly conductive Cu films with strong adhesion enabled by low-energy photonic sintering on low-Tg flexible plastic substrate

Copper (Cu) films and circuits were fabricated by screen-printing Cu nanoink on low-Tg (glass transition temperature) flexible plastic substrates (PEN and PET) instead of widely used high-Tg polyimide (PI) substrate. Photonic sintering of printed Cu films was carried out using intensive pulsed light (IPL). Low resistivities of 28 μΩ · cm on PEN and 44 μΩ · cm on PET were obtained without damaging the substrates. The sintered Cu films exhibited strong adhesion to PEN and PET substrates, with measured adhesion strength of 5B by the ASTM D3359 international standard, whereas the top part of the copper film on the PI substrate was stripped off during the adhesion test. The sintered Cu films also showed excellent stability in harsh conditions and mechanical flexibility in rolling tests. The underlying mechanisms of the high conductivity and strong adhesion on PEN and PET substrates with low-energy IPL sintering were investigated. Simple circuits and radio frequency identification antennas were made by screen-printing Cu nanoink and IPL sintering, demonstrating the technique’s feasibility for practical applications.

Comparison between effects of laser and intensive pulsed light on freckles

Objective To compare the effect of Q-switch Nd∶YAG laser and intensive pulsed light on freckles. Methods 80 patients with freckles were divided into 2 groups randomly. One group of patients were treated with Q-switch Nd∶YAG 532 nm frequency-doubled laser, the interval was 8 weeks. The other group of patients were treated with 570 nm intensive pulsed light, the interval was 8 weeks. Results We used Mann-Whitney U test to compare the curative effect of the two groups (P <0.05), and the mean rank (34.00) of the Q-switch Nd∶YAG laser treatment group was greater than that (47.00) of the intense pulsed light treatment group. Conclusions The curative effect of Q-switch Nd∶YAG laser is better than that of intensive pulsed light on freckles. Key words: Laser; Intensive pulsed light; Freckle

Combined use of two intensive pulsed lights for treatment of facial acne vulgaris and erythem

Objective To evaluate the combined treatment effect of intensive pulsed light (IPL,420 nm and 540 nm,by mode of 4+3) on acne vulgaris and acne erythem.Methods A total of 80 patients with acne vulgaris were divided randomly into the treatment and the control group.The treatment group including forty cases were first treated by 420 nm IPL for 4 times,and the interval was one week; and then treated by IPL 420 nm combined with 540 nm for 3 times,the interval was four weeks.The control group was just treated by Adapalene at every night for 16 weeks.Results The treatment efficiency of inflammatory lesion after 4 weeks showed that the effective rate in the treatment group was 65.0 ％ compared to 47.5 ％ in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The treatment results of inflammatory lesion after 16 weeks showed that efficiency was 85％ in the treatment group,while 62.5％ in the control group,and difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The treatment results of acne erythem showed that the effective rate was 90 ％ in the treatment group,but 37.5 ％ in control group,there was statistically significant (P＜ 0.01) between the two groups.Conclusions Combined use of 420 nm and 540nm IPL by protocol of 4+3 is an effective method for treatment of acne vulgaris and acne erythem. Key words: Intensive pulsed light (IPL) ; Acne vulgar; Acne erythem; Adapalene

Efficacy of a hyaluronic acid-containing dressing for facial skin wound healing in patients with freckles after intensive pulsed light treatment

Objective To evaluate the safety of a hyaluronic acid-containing dressing for wound healing of facial skin in patients with freckles after intensive pulsed light (IPL) therapy.Methods A multicenter,randomized,open,controlled clinical trial was conducted.A total of 298 IPL-treated patients with freckles were recruited into this study.After IPL therapy,all the patients were randomly divided into two groups to be topically treated with a hyaluronic acid-containing dressing (experiment group) or a sodium chloride physiological solutioncontaining face mask (control group).Skin physiological parameters,including sebum content,water content in stratum corneum,and transepidermal water loss,were invasively measured at the baseline,on day 3,7 and 14 after the start of topical treatment.The formation and desquamation of irradiation-induced crusts were observed,the degree of patient satisfaction was evaluated,and adverse reactions were recorded.Results The water content in stratum corneum and transepidermal water loss were (25.32 ± 4.14) ％ and (14.08 ± 3.32) g·cm-2·h-1,respectively,in the experimental group on day 14,significantly different from those before treatment (both P＜0.01) and those in the control group on day 14 (both P ＜ 0.01).Skin sebum content in the experiment group showed no significant changes during the 14-day treatment (P ＞ 0.05),and was similar to that in the control group on day 14 (P ＞ 0.05).The percentage of patients experiencing the initial desquamation of crusts within three days and that experiencing complete desquamation of crusts within seven days were significantly different between the experiment group and control group (x2 =7.774,P ＜ 0.01; x2 =4.692,P ＜ 0.05).Statistical differences were observed in the degree of patient satisfaction between the two groups (P ＜ 0.05).No adverse reactions were reported during the trial.Conclusion The hyaluronic acid-containing dressing can restore skin barrier function with a good safety profile,and may serve as an adjuvant therapy for wound healing of facial skin after IPL irradiation.

Cu Ion Ink for a Flexible Substrate and Highly Conductive Patterning by Intensive Pulsed Light Sintering

Direct printing techniques that utilize nanoparticles to mitigate environmental pollution and reduce the processing time of the routing and formation of electrodes have received much attention lately. In particular, copper (Cu) nanoink using Cu nanoparticles offers high conductivity and can be prepared at low cost. However, it is difficult to produce homogeneous nanoparticles and ensure good dispersion within the ink. Moreover, Cu particles require a sintering process over an extended time at a high temperature due to high melting temperature of Cu. During this process, the nanoparticles oxidize quickly in air. To address these problems, the authors developed a Cu ion ink that is free of Cu particles or any other impurities. It consequently does not require separate dispersion stability. In addition, the developed ink is environmentally friendly and can be sintered even at low temperatures. The Cu ion ink was sintered on a flexible substrate using intense pulsed light (IPL), which facilitates large-area, high-speed calcination at room temperature and at atmospheric pressures. As the applied light energy increases, the Cu2O phase diminishes, leaving only the Cu phase. This is attributed to the influence of formic acid (HCOOH) on the Cu ion ink. Only the Cu phase was observed above 40 J cm(-2). The Cu-patterned film after sintering showed outstanding electrical resistivity in a range of 3.21-5.27 μΩ·cm at an IPL energy of 40-60 J cm(-2). A spiral-type micropattern with a line width of 160 μm on a PI substrate was formed without line bulges or coffee ring effects. The electrical resistivity was 5.27 μΩ·cm at an energy level of 40.6 J cm(-2).

Preventive nursing effect of intense pulsed light to scar and pigment after wound healing caused by burn depth II

[Objective]To explore the preventive nursing effects of intensive pulsed light (IPL) on scar and pigment after wound healing with bum depth Ⅱ°.[Methods]60 patients after bum depth Ⅱ° from Jun 2011 to Mar 2012were randomly divided into 2 groups.The experiment group used IPL and elastic compression,while the control group used elastic compression only.[Results]The total effective rate of different kinds of scars in 2 groups had significant differences (P＜ 0.05).The total effective rates of pigment in 2 groups had significant difference (90.00％ vs 80.00％,P＜0.05).[Conclusion]The preventive nursing treatment with IPL on scar and pigment after burn depth Ⅱ° has good effect and safety,which is worthy for popularization and application. Key words: Intense pulsed light; Burn depth Ⅱ°; Scar; Pigment; Preventive nursing

Side effects of laser,intense pulsed light and radio frequency technology in cosmetology

In recent decades,the rapid development of laser technology has supplied treatment choices for refractory skin diseases.Moreover,intensive pulsed light and radio frequency have made the dream to rejuvenate skin come true.Although modern laser is relatively safe and reliable,it can still cause some damage to the human body.Even safe lasers have potential risks and side effects when inappropriately applied.Careful attention should be paid to the adverse reactions during and after laser treatment.This review overviews the adverse effects of common types of laser,intense pulsed light and radio frequency technology in the treatment of skin diseases. Key words: Lasers; Intensive pulsed light; Radio frequency; Adverse reactions

Evaluation of intense pulsed light in combination with rb-bFGF on facial telangiectasia

Objective To explore the treatment outcomes of intensive pulsed light (IPL) in combinationwith rb-bFGF in patients with telangiectasia.Methods A total of 57 patients with telangiectasia were randomly divided into 2 groups:group A,IPL540nm (n=32);group B,IPL with rb-bFGF (n=25).The intense pulsed light with 540 nm wavelength,energy density of 14-17 J/cm2 and pulse width of 10-12 ms was used for 3-5 times at intervals of 4-5 weeks.Results Fifty-seven patients completed the Study with maximal 5 treatment sessions,100% improvement was observed in 15.62% and 64.00% at group A and group B respectively after 1-2 treatment sessions,but in 62.5% and 84% after 3-4 treatmentsessions.There was significant difference in treatment sessions between the groups A and B (P<O.05).Only 5 cases were observed transient pigmentation on the face during the follow-up period of 6 month,but resolved later.Conclusion IPL in combination with rb-bFGF is an effective method for the treatment of faeial telangiectasia. Key words: Face:Telangiectasia; IPL 540 nm; rb-bFGF

Combination of a Gated Phtotomultiplier Tube and a Phase Sensitive Detector for Use in an Intensive Pulsed Background Light Situation

In order to detect a weak signal light that appears after an intensive pulsed background light, we constructed a light detection module that consisted of an internally-gated photomultiplier tube (PMT) and a phase sensitive detector (PSD). Plural even-numbered dynodes of a miniature PMT were controlled for the internal gate operation and the output signal from the PMT was fed into the PSD integration circuit (IC) that worked synchronously with the gated PMT. The module acts as a sort of lock-in light detection system. The combination of the gate-on PMT and the PSD IC detects the weak signal light while the gate-off PMT rejects the intensive pulsed background light. From fundamental performance tests, we found that a background rejection ratio (BGRR) of the gated PMT up to 10,000 could be obtained. We carried out an evaluation experiment using a multi-white light-emitting diode (LED) to demonstrate the pulsed-background-light rejection capability of the module.