Relevance: Despite a high survival with localized
 prostate cancer, metastatic prostate cancer remains
 virtually incurable even after intensive multimodal therapy. Death in advanced stages of the disease is caused
 by the lack of therapeutic regimens able to produce a
 long-term tumor reaction due to its extreme genetic and
 cellular heterogeneity. According to epidemiological
 studies, a family history of prostate cancer significantly
 increases the risk. Clinical diagnosis is often based on a
 single biopsy made to determine the molecular status of
 a particular cancer case. Pathological and genomic heterogeneity can lead to bias in diagnosis. Therefore, the
 use of genetic research technologies is highly relevant.
 The purpose wasto justify the use of genetic profiling technologies for patients with prostate cancer.
 Results: Many cases lack an understanding of the
 multifactorial impact of current treatment methods
 on the patient’s immune system. Combination therapy efficacy and tolerability depend on the choice of an
 optimal treatment regimen. Approaches to prioritizing
 the types of combination therapy should be developed.
 Cancer genome affects the disease course and progression. Simulation of these interactions in a genetic model
 allows predicting the treatment outcome and effectiveness.
 Conclusions: The conducted systematic review
 shows that a deep understanding of prostate cancer biology and genetics and genetic profiling can save and
 improve the lives of many patients with serious diseases.