Intensity Of Free Radical Oxidation Research Articles

The effect of a new 3-hydroxypyridine derivative LHT-2-20 on free radical oxidation in experimental periodontitis

Aim. To study the effect of a new complex compound LHT-2-20 (2-ethyl-6-methyl-3-hydroxypyridine-2-(3benzoyl phenyl)-propanoate) on free radical oxidation in experimental periodontitis.Materials and methods. The experimental study was performed on 195 white mongrel mice weighing 19–23 g and 137 white mongrel rats weighing 180–220 g. The effect of a new complex compound LHT-2-20 (2-ethyl-6methyl-3-hydroxypyridine-2-(3-benzoyl phenyl)-propanoate) on the intensity of free radical oxidation and the local state of periodontal tissues during a course of intragastric administration was studied on the experimental model of periodontitis. Statistical processing of the results was carried out using the SPSS Statistics 20.0 software package with the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the parametric Tukey’s test.Results. The LHT-2-20 compound reduced elevated levels of primary and secondary lipoperoxidation products (conjugated dienes, malondialdehyde in plasma and in erythrocytes during spontaneous and iron-induced oxidation) already at the early stages of the experiment, bringing the studied parameters closer to the reference values by the end of the course of treatment. The use of the compound LHT-2-20 contributed to an increase in the activity of the main antioxidant enzymes (catalase and superoxide dismutase), normalizing them to baseline values by the end of the experiment. With the correction of free radical processes, the use of LHT-2-20 limited the local inflammatory response in periodontal tissues, which was confirmed by a decrease in gingival edema and hyperemia, bleeding, depth of periodontal pockets, and tooth mobility.Conclusion. The results of this study confirm the anti-inflammatory potential of the compound and the multiplicity of its effects due to the impact on the mechanisms of oxidative stress. The expediency of further study of the drug is justified by the prospect of creating a new drug and its subsequent wide clinical application as part of the complex therapy of periodontal inflammation.

Возможности метода биохемилюминисценции с модельной средой из сыворотки крови в оценке антиоксидантной активности растительного сырья

Antioxidant activity (AOA) is an important indicator of the evaluation of plant raw materials (RM), which are widely used in medicine to obtain various medicines. The use of RM at the present stage of the pharmaceutical industry development allows avoiding large-scale production of synthetic medicines, accompanied by a negative impact on the environment. For an objective assessment of AOA, it is necessary to apply methods that allow determining not only the content of the active substance, but also generally characterizing the functional activity of RM. The article presents data on the AOA of aqueous extracts from the leaves and fruits of Hippophae rhamnoides L., Aronia melanocarpa L. The determination of antioxidant activity was performed by biochemiluminiscence (BСHL) using serum from white mongrel rats as a model environment (MЕ). The evaluation criteria were the maximum intensity (Imax) and the light sum of the glow (S). The results obtained were compared with the data of the analysis of BCHL without ME, as well as with the data of alternative methods for quantifying the antioxidant potential of RM (coulometric titration, direct titration, spectrophotometry). According to the criteria for assessing the intensity of free radical oxidation (Imax) using the BCHL method without ME, it was found that aqueous extracts from the leaves and fruits of A. melanocarpa, as well as H. rhamnoides leaves, have a high antioxidant potential (343, 274 and 268 mV, respectively), and from H. rhamnoides fruits – more short. BCHL results showed that the amount of radicals in blood serum decreased upon contact with extracts from vegetable raw materials. Among the studied samples, extracts from the fruits of A. melanocarpa were characterized by the highest AOA (S=2006±137 mV·s). At the same time, according to alternative methods, they occupy an intermediate position in terms of the quantitative content of biologically active substances (BAS) with antioxidant properties. Based on the weak correlation between the data of the BСHL method and alternative methods for determining AOA, it is concluded that it is necessary to take into account the possibility of an indirect relationship between the content of BAS in RM and the effect manifested in conditions as close as possible to biological systems. The measurement of AOA by the BСHL method is actually an assessment of the function, as well as the effectiveness of BAS, and complements quantitative methods for assessing the antioxidant activity of ME.

Adaptogenic correction of free radical processes in liver tissue under the exposure to coal-rock dust on the body (experimental study)

Introduction. Damage to the liver under the conditions of long-term exposure to coal-rock dust on the body leads to significant impairment of its metabolic, detoxification, synthetic, and other functions. In this regard, it is relevant to search for early methods of prevention and correction of developing pathological changes in this organ. The purpose of the study is to experimentally study the effect of a complex drug with dihydroquercetin on the activity of free radical processes in the liver of laboratory rats over the dynamics of long-term exposure to coal-rock dust. Materials and methods. The work was carried out on male white rats weighing 200–250 g. The control group was kept under the standard vivarium conditions. The experimental group included rats that inhaled coal-rock dust in a priming chamber daily for 4 hours for 1, 3, 6, and 9 weeks and rats that received a daily complex drug with dihydroquercetin immediately before dust exposure. In the liver tissue, the activity of free radical oxidation and antioxidant defense enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase) was determined. Results. Priming rats with coal-rock dust for three weeks led to the gain in the intensity of free radical processes in the liver tissue: the initial level of accumulation of TBA-active oxidation products reliably raised by almost 2 times over the 1st week and 3 times over the 3rd week of the experiment compared to the control. An increase in the intensity of free radical oxidation was accompanied by activation of antioxidant defense enzymes - catalase - by 2.4 times at the 1st week and 1.6 times at the 3rd week of dust exposure. Raising the period of priming with dust up to 9 weeks led to multidirectional changes in oxidative metabolism in the liver tissue: at week 6, a decrease in the activity of superoxide dismutase was almost 3 times; at week 9, to a slight activation of antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase by 55% and catalase by 36%.The most effective use of a complex drug with dihydroquercetin had been shown in short-term mode for three weeks, but not long-term (more than 6 weeks). The maximum antioxidant defense effect of dihydroquercetin was detected at the 3rd week of dust exposure – the level of free radical products decreased by 2 times and the activity of superoxide dismutase increased by 4 times. Limitations. Since the issue of organ-specific effects and the optimal duration of use of dihydroquercetin to increase resistance to free radical damage has been little elaborated, this imposes certain restrictions on its use for the correction and prevention of occupational diseases. Conclusion. The results obtained should be taken into account with long-term use of exogenous antioxidants in the correction and prevention of occupational diseases to support the level of endogenous antioxidant systems in the cell and the protective effect of dihydroquercetin for tissues most sensitive to the action of free radical processes.

INFLUENCE OF HYPERBARIC OXYGENATION AND ANTIOXIDANT THERAPY ON OXIDATIVE METABOLISM IN PATIENTS WITH BURNS

The aim of the work was to assess the state of oxidative blood metabolism in patients with burns in the dynamics of the use of antioxidant therapy and hyperbaric oxygenation. The study included 25 patients with I-II-III degree burns of various localization (lesion area - over 25% of the body surface), randomized into 3 groups: standard therapy (n=10); addition of standard therapy with antioxidants (n=10); use of the combination "antioxidants – hyperbaric oxygenation (n=5)". It was found that the combined use of hyperbaric oxygenation and antioxidants in burn victims makes it possible to most effectively stop signs of oxidative stress, as indicated by a decrease in the intensity of free radical oxidation against the background of an increase in antioxidant potential (total antioxidant activity, glutathione reductase activity).

DISBALANCE OF BIORADICAL PROCESSES AS THE MAIN CAUSE OF DISORGANIZATION OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE STRUCTURES IN EXPERIMENTAL PERIODONTITIS

Abstract: Relevance. The features of the dynamics of free radical processes, as well as the metabolism of collagen structures of the connective tissue matrix against the background of periodontitis will reveal deeper pathogenetic mechanisms and application points for the introduction of new therapeutic and diagnostic technologies into practice. The purpose of the study. Assessment and establishment of interrelations between the intensity of bio-radical processes and collagen metabolism in dynamics in experimental periodontitis. Materials and methods. The study used 45 white nonlinear rats, on which the model of periodontitis proposed by Shkolnaya K. D., Atrushkevich V.G. (Patent RU No. 2625295 dated 12.07.2017) was reproduced. The total activity of free radical oxidation and the antioxidant potential of the body were monitored by the biochemiluminescence method, and markers of collagen metabolism were recorded. Results. The study revealed a sharp predominance of oxidative processes and the inability of the antioxidant potential to suppress free radical peroxidation, as evidenced by the persistently high levels of total luminescence intensity and biohemiluminescence light sum that persist throughout the experiment, despite dynamic changes. Reactive oxygen species in conditions of progressive chronic inflammation have a damaging effect on collagen fibers, which means they lead to the inevitable destruction of the periodontal complex, which is expressed in the growth of CO and PSO. In addition, there is a significant direct correlation between the dynamics of the intensity of free radical oxidation and the indicators of collagen metabolism. Conclusion. Thus, oxidative stress, progressing against the background of periodontitis, leads to disorganization of connective tissue structures of the periodontal. In turn, the study confirms the validity of the use of markers of the intensity of free radical oxidation and collagen metabolism to diagnose the severity of the disease and prognosis, as well as the need for the use of antioxidant drugs as part of complex therapy.

Оксидативний стрес у хворих на гострий панкреатит: асоціації із синдромом системної запальної відповіді та органною дисфункцією

Обстежено 129 хворих на гострий панкреатит. Досліджено показники інтенсивності вільнорадикального окислення, перекисного окислення ліпідів, антиоксидантної активності плазми крові, тяжкість проявів синдрому системної запальної відповіді та органної дисфункції/недостатності залежно від наявності в комплексі інтенсивної терапії препаратів з антиоксидантною та антигіпоксантною активністю. Виявлено, що зростання тяжкості синдрому системної запальної відповіді асоціюється з підвищенням вмісту маркерів оксидативного стресу в сироватці крові. Включення антиоксидантів (мексидол, аскорбінова кислота) в інтенсивну терапію пацієнтів із гострим панкреатитом дозволяє знизити ступінь проявів оксидативного стресу, сприяє зменшенню проявів синдрому системної запальної відповіді та частоти органних дисфункцій.

Monitoring of biochemical parameters of the oral fluid in patients with recancerous of the oral mucosa.

Orthopedic treatment is of particular difficulty in the complex therapy and rehabilitation of patients with precancerous diseases of the oral mucosa. In this regard, in patients with chronic inflammatory and destructive lesions of the oral mucosa, it is necessary to control changes in the oral cavity, taking into account clinical and laboratory data. Oral fluid is most often used as a diagnostic material in dental research, the composition and properties of which reflect functional changes in the body. However, the studies that substantiate rational orthopedic treatment in such patients are extremely insufficient: there are no data on the effect of orthopedic structures on the primary metabolism in the oral cavity in patients with precancerous diseases. In this regard, the purpose of this work was to study the biochemical parameters of the oral fluid in patients using orthopedic structures to identify the prognostic factors of precancerous conditions. In the oral fluid, the levels of total protein, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and lactate were determined. Free radical oxidation was assessed by the intensity of induced biochemiluminescence and by the levels of lipid peroxidation products. In the oral fluid of patients with mucosal precancer compared with patients in the control group, a significantly higher intensity of free radical oxidation was revealed with a corresponding decrease in antioxidant activity. The level of the end products of lipid peroxidation - Schiff's bases - was statistically significantly increased. Among the metabolites of the oral fluid, there was a decrease in protein levels and an increase in cholesterol and lactate levels. At the same time, a positive correlation was established between the indicators of free radical oxidation and lactate, free radical oxidation and cholesterol, but negative with the levels of protein and triglycerides. Regarding the antioxidant system, there was a negative correlation between the tg (-2α) value and the lactate level and positive with the triglyceride level, as well as a positive correlation between the Z parameter and the total protein level. The obtained changes in the biochemical parameters of the oral fluid can be used to confirm the diagnosis of precancer of the oral mucosa in patients with orthopedic structures.

CHARACTERISTIC OF FREE-RADICAL DAMAGE AND ANTIOXIDANT PROTECTION STATE IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE AGAINST A BACKGROUND OF MALABSORPTION SYNDROME

Oxidation processes play an important role in damage of the renal structures, especiallyagainst a background of other serious pathologies, in particular, malabsorptionsyndrome.The study of the mechanisms of mutual aggravation and progression of kidneydamage against a background of malabsorption is a very urgent problem of the presenttime.Purpose - to investigate the state of free radical oxidation of lipids, proteins andantioxidant defense in patients with chronic kidney disease of different ages withoxaluria against a background of malabsorption syndrome.Material and methods. 98 patients with chronic kidney disease of the I-II stages(pyelonephritis) with the presence of oxaluria against a background of malabsorptionsyndrome of different age were examined.The age of the patients under examination was32 - 64. All patients underwent a study of the system of free radical oxidation of lipidsand proteins.Results. chronic kidney disease with the presence of oxaluria is accompanied by asignificant increase in the blood content of free radical oxidation products, namelyaldehyde and ketone dinitrophenylhydrazones, especially of a neutral nature,malondialdehyde, as well as a significant decrease in the indicators of the antioxidantdefense system, which manifested itself to a greater extent in patients with older age.groups.Conclusion. An essential factor in the development and progression of chronic kidneydisease with the presence of oxaluria against a background of malabsorption syndromeis an increase in the intensity of free radical oxidation of lipids and proteins (mainly dueto aldehyde and ketondinitrophenylhydrazones of a neutral nature).

Metabolic and radiofrequency features of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide effects on biological tissue ex vivo

Aim. To assess the effects of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide on the scar tissue ex vivo.Materials and Methods. The study was performed using fragments of scar tissue (n = 10) removed intraoperatively in patients with Dupuytren's contracture. Each fragment was divided into 3 equal segments: 1) control; 2) treated with singlet oxygen for 5 minutes; 3) treated with nitric oxide (20 ppm) for 5 minutes. Upon the indicated treatment, we evaluated the dielectric properties of the tissue employing nearfield resonant microwave sensing using a customised software package (Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences). Then, each segment was homogenised and the parameters of oxidative metabolism (intensity of free radical oxidation and total antioxidant activity) were measured in homogenates by Fe-induced biochemiluminescence.Results. Treatment of scar tissue fragments by singlet oxygen and nitric oxide altered the dielectric properties of the tissue and the intensity of free radical oxidation. Singlet oxygen action moderately increased the dielectric permittivity of the tissue and rendered a balanced stimulating effect on proand antioxidant systems. Nitric oxide significantly augmented dielectric permittivity and conductivity and raised the antioxidant potential of the tissue.

Relationship of Molecular Genetic Tumor Marker IDH with Oxidative Status in Gliomas.

The presence of mutations in the gene encoding isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH1), parameters of pro- and antioxidant activity in glioma tumor tissue, and their correlation were studied using bioinformatic analysis using STRING, IntAct, BioGrid, UniProt, SwissProt databases. The rate of detection of IDH1 gene mutations varied in different degree of anaplasia, being maximum in grade III gliomas. The intensity of free radical oxidation and activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase in the tumor tissue were significantly higher than in the control. The dependence of these parameters on the degree of anaplasia was shown. Mutations in IDH1 are associated with a decrease in antioxidant activity in the tissues of gliomas, which is critically important for the initial diagnosis, the choice of treatment options, and prediction of patient survival.

Justifcation for the usage of mineral water of Teberda deposit in the treatment of patients with focal pulmonary tuberculosis

The purpose of the research is scientifically substantiate the use of drinking mineral waters (MW) of Teberdinskiy deposit in sanatorium and spa treatment of patients suffering from focal pulmonary tuberculosis (FPT).
 Material and methods. The study included 80 patients with FPT in the resorption and carnification phase. By random sampling, we formed 2 groups: the control group (CG; 40 people) that received inhalations with 1% dioxidin solution and a standard drug anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy; the patients of the group of comparison (GC; 40 people) additionally received drinking MW "Teberda."
 Results. The analysis of clinical symptom dynamics did not show any significant differences between the groups: by the end of sanatorium-and-spa treatment the leveling of clinical symptoms in the MG was with 98.3% of the cases, in the CG with 88.8%. The patients of the MG had a normalization of related T-lymphocyte subpopulations, immunoregulatory index decreased by 39.2% (p 0.01), there was a drop in intensity of free radical oxidation by 30.2% (p 0.01), an increase in activity of antioxidant protection system by 17.2% (p 0.05). The CG had only a tendency to improvement of laboratory indicators.
 Conclusion. In order to achieve a higher therapeutic effect having FPT in the resorption and carnification phase, it is advisable to include drinking MW in the treatment program, which expands and complements the possibilities of rehabilitation and rehabilitation assistance to the given group of patients.

ВЛИЯНИЕ ЭЛЕКТРОМАГНИТНОГО ИЗЛУЧЕНИЯ НА ПРОНИЦАЕМОСТЬ ЭРИТРОЦИТАРНЫХ МЕМБРАН

The purpose of the survey is to experimentally study the influence of electromagnetic radiation from the decimeter range on the permeability of erythrocyte membranes. The object of the study was the blood of 80 white rats, 60 of them for three months were under the influence of electromagnetic radiation of the decimeter range. 20 animals of the control group were not exposed to electromagnetic fields. The intensity of free radical oxidation was evaluated using chemiluminescent analysis of red blood cells and blood plasma. The permeability of erythrocyte membranes and the content of reduced glutathione in blood erythrocytes were determined spectrophotometrically. A prolonged stay of animals under the influence of an electromagnetic field leads to pronounced changes in chemiluminescence indices in erythrocytes: a decrease in the maximum intensity of chemiluminescence (Imax), light sum (S), and light sum after the maximum value of chemiluminescence (Simax). Despite the increase in the content of glutathione and the chemiluminescent analysis index tg2 reflecting the antioxidant potential, there is an increase in the permeability of erythrocyte membranes under the influence of electromagnetic radiation

OXIDATIVE STRESS IN EXPERIMENTAL PERIODONTITIS

Relevance. The study of bioradical processes in periodontitis in the dynamics of the disease and the establishment of the role of predictors of periodontal tissue damage will provide a deeper understanding of the links of pathogenesis and, on this basis, introduce new therapeutic and diagnostic technologies into practice. The purpose of the study: Assessment of the level of markers of oxidative stress in experimental periodontitis in the dynamics of the study. Materials and methods. The study was conducted on white non-linear rats, reproducing the model of periodontitis proposed by Shkolnaya K. D., Atrushkevich V. G. (Patent RU No. 2625295 of 12.07.2017). The total activity of free radical oxidation and the body's antioxidant potential were evaluated by biochemiluminescence, the intensity of lipoperoxidation processes, and the enzyme antioxidant potential. Results. A comprehensive analysis of the overall oxidative and antioxidant capacity of the body was carried out, during which it was revealed that progressive experimental periodontitis causes inhibition of the antioxidant potential and is characterized by a violation of the processes of neutralization of reactive oxygen species and the inability to inhibit the launched reactions of free radical oxidation, as evidenced by the dynamics of an increased level of markers of oxidative stress. Conclusion. Thus, in periodontitis, oxidative stress develops, which contributes to the progression of destructive processes of periodontal tissues, which substantiates the feasibility of using markers of the intensity of free radical oxidation as diagnostic and prognostic criteria for the course of the disease and the introduction of antioxidant-type drugs in complex therapy.

PSX-3 Antioxidant system characteristics in Saanen goats depending on performance

Abstract Dairy goat breeding is widespread worldwide. Goat milk and other derivative products are an important part of nutrition. Dairy products are the most important part of goat breeding; therefore, lactation performance is a relevant issue. The purpose of this study was to evaluate antioxidant system characteristics in Saanen goats depending on lactation performance. The experiment was conducted in the north-western region of Russian Federation, in the laboratories of the biochemistry and physiology departments at FSBEI of Higher Education «SPbSAVM». The three experimental groups included 30 Saanen goats each, 2nd–3rd lactations, selected using matched pairs method. 1st group included low milk producing ability goats (< 600 kg of milk yield per year), 2nd group included average milk producing ability goats (600–800 kg of milk yield per year), 3rd group included high milk producing ability goats (>800 kg of milk yield per year). The blood samples were taken once: at peak lactation performance (45 days after parturition). The blood levels of lipid peroxygenation markers (malondialdehyde, dienketone and conjugated dienes) and superoxide dismutase and catalase activity were assessed by standard methods. Results presented as mean±standard error of the mean. Student’s t-test was used after proving normal distribution. Level of significance is labeled as P < 0.05. The results are displayed in table 1 and 2. After analyzing the received data of antioxidant system characteristics, we found a high intensity of free-radical oxidation in high milk producing ability goats. This results in oxidative stress development. Activity of anti-oxidizing enzymes was elevated; therefore, free-radical oxidation is intensive. Consequently, these data allow us to take into consideration exogenous anti-oxidizing agents administration in high milk producing ability goats in order to reduce oxidative stress.

Efficacy of the N-acetylglucosamine in experimental therapy of chronic kidney disease

The efficacy of N-acetylglucosamine in rats with chronic kidney disease is described in this article. The results of the study show that N-acetylglucosamine significantly increased (p<0.05) the excretion of nitrogen compounds (creatinine by 100.4% and urea by 46.6%) and as a result de-creased the level of azotemia. The intensity of free radical oxidation was significantly decreased (p<0.05) (blood conjugated dienes by 32.9%, blood thiobarbituric acid reactive substances – by 14.1%, kidney conjugated dienes – by 40.1% and kidney thiobarbituric acid reactive substances – by 26.3%) and the balance of kidney antioxidant system was restored. N-acetylglucosamine was significantly superior (p<0.05) to comparator quercetin in renal excretory function and nitro-gen metabolism by the most of indicators and was not inferior to the influence on the free radical oxidation and kidney oxidative stress. Thus, N-acetylglucosamine is advisable to further experimental studies at i.m. administration as a chronic kidney disease treatment.

Интенсивность свободнорадикального окисления в клетках Yarrowia lipolytica при выращивании в условиях экстремальных значений рН среды

Интенсивность свободнорадикального окисления в клетках Yarrowia lipolytica при выращивании в условиях экстремальных значений рН среды

Особенности свободнорадикального окисления и динамики содержания кортикостероидных рецепторов в легких у животных с разной чувствительностью к гипоксии в постреанимационном периоде

Цель исследования - изучение особенностей динамики показателей свободнорадикального окисления и уровня кортикостероидных рецепторов в легких у животных с разной чувствительностью к гипоксии в постреанимационном периоде. Методика. Эксперимент выполнен на самцах беспородных белых крыс, разделенных по устойчивости к гипоксии на 2 группы: неустойчивые и высокоустойчивые. Остановку системного кровообращения продолжительностью 5 мин моделировали под общим эфирным наркозом (через 1 нед после тестирования на устойчивость к гипоксии) интраторакальным пережатием сосудистого пучка сердца с последующей реанимацией. Через 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 21 и 35 сут животных под эфирным наркозом декапитировали. В плазме крови определяли содержание кортикостерона и альдостерона, в гомогенатах легких - концентрацию глюкокортикоидных и минералокортикоидных рецепторов, уровни продуктов, реагирующих с тиобарбитуровой кислотой, карбонилированных белков, железозависимое образование битирозина, активность супероксиддисмутазы, каталазы, содержание восстановленного глутатиона. Результаты. Установлено, что для неустойчивых к гипоксии животных характерна высокая интенсивность свободнорадикального окисления, проявляющаяся развитием карбонильного стресса на фоне снижения активности ключевых антиоксидантов и сопряженная с выраженными изменениями динамики кортикостероидных рецепторов: в первые 3 сут постреанимационного периода наблюдалось снижение уровня кортикостероидных рецепторов, а к концу 35-суточного мониторинга значительное нарастание концентрации минералокортикоидных рецепторов. Высокую степень устойчивости к гипоксии отличает относительно низкая интенсивность свободнорадикального окисления, характеризующаяся только усилением липопероксидации за счет адекватной емкости и сохранности водорастворимых антиоксидантных систем, экранирующих белки. В раннем восстановительном периоде это сопровождается сохранением уровня кортикостероидных рецепторов, в позднем - существенным ростом концентрации глюкокортикоидных рецепторов. Заключение. Увеличение содержания глюкокортикоидных рецепторов у высокоустойчивых к гипоксии животных в позднем восстановительном периоде (14-е - 35-е сут) играет важную роль, предположительно путем модулирования течения воспалительного процесса, ограничения неконтролируемых иммунных реакции и повреждение тканей. Следствием значительного нарастания концентрации минералокортикоидных рецепторов у животных с низкой устойчивостью к гипоксии может быть усиление сосудистого ремоделирования и развитие фиброза в легких. Aim. The aim of the study was to characterize changes in free radical oxidation and corticosteroid receptor density in the lungs of animals with different sensitivity to hypoxia in the postresuscitation period. Methods. Experiments were performed on mongrel male white rats divided into two groups based on their hypoxia resistance, non-resistant and highly resistant. One week after testing the rats for resistance to hypoxia, a 5-min arrest of systemic circulation was modeled under ether anesthesia by intrathoracic compression of the vascular bundle of the heart with subsequent resuscitation. The follow-up period was 35 days. At 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 21, and 35 days, the animals were sacrificed by decapitation under ether anesthesia, and blood and tissue samples were collected. Concentrations of corticosterone and aldosterone were measured in plasma; concentrations of glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, and carbonylated proteins, iron-dependent formation of dityrosine, activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase, and concentration of reduced glutathione were measured in lung homogenates. Results. Hypoxia non-resistant rats had a high intensity of free radical oxidation as evident from the development of carbonyl stress associated with decreased activities of key antioxidants and pronounced changes in the dynamics of corticosteroid receptors. A reduced level of corticosteroid receptors was observed in the first three days of resuscitation period and followed by a significant increase in mineralocorticoid receptors at the end of 35-day monitoring. High resistance to hypoxia was characterized by a relatively low intensity of free radical oxidation, evident only from increased lipid peroxidation, due to an adequate capacity and preservation of water-soluble antioxidants. During the early recovery period, high resistance to hypoxia was associated with preserved level of corticosteroid receptors whereas during late recovery, the high hypoxia resistance was associated with a significant increase in the concentration of glucocorticoid receptors. Conclusion. The increased density of glucocorticoid receptors in hypoxia high-resistant animals during the late recovery period (days 14-35) plays an important role, presumably by modulating the inflammatory process and restricting uncontrolled immune responses and tissue damage. The significant increase in mineralocorticoid receptors in hypoxia low-resistance animals may result in stimulation of vascular remodeling and development of pulmonary fibrosis.

Influence of 10-(6-plastoquinonyl) decyltriphenylphosphonium on free-radical homeostasis in the heart and blood serum of rats with streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia.

BACKGROUNDIt is known that under conditions of tissue tolerance to insulin, observed during type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), there is an increased production of reactive oxygen species. Moreover, the free radicals can initiate lipid peroxidation (LPO) in lipoprotein particles. The concentration of LPO products can influence the state of insulin receptors, repressing their hormone connection activity, which is expressed as a reduction of the glucose consumption by cells. It is possible that reduction in glucose concentration during administration of 10-(6-plastoquinonyl) decyltriphenylphosphonium (SkQ1) to rats with DM2 may be related to the antioxidant properties of this substance.AIMTo establish the influence of SkQ1 on free-radical homeostasis in the heart and blood serum of rats with streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia.METHODSTo induce hyperglycemia, rats were fed a high-fat diet for 1 mo and then administered two intra-abdominal injections of streptozotocin with a 7-d interval at a 30 mg/kg of animal weight dose with citrate buffer equal to pH 4.4. SkQ1 solution was administered intraperitoneally at a 1250 nmol/kg dose per day. Tissue samples were taken from control animals, animals with experimental hyperglycemia, rats with streptozotocin-induced glycemia that were administered SkQ1 solution, animals housed under standard vivarium conditions that were administered SkQ1, rats that were administered intraperitoneally citrate buffer equal to pH 4.4 once a week during 2 wk after 1-mo high-fat diet, and animals that were administered intraperitoneally with appropriate amount of solution without SkQ1 (98% ethanol diluted eight times with normal saline solution). To determine the intensity of free radical oxidation and total antioxidant activity, we used the biochemiluminescence method. Aconitate hydratase (AH), superoxide dismutase, and catalase activities were estimated using the Hitachi U-1900 spectrophotometer supplied with software. The amount of citrate was determined by means of the Natelson method. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was carried out using an amplifier ANK-32.RESULTSIt was found that the mitochondrial-directed antioxidant elicits decrease of biochemiluminescence parameter values that increase by pathology as well as the levels of primary products of LPO, such as diene conjugates and carbonyl compounds, which indicate intensity of free radical oxidation. At the same time, the activity of AH, considered a crucial target of free radicals, which decreased during experimental hyperglycemia, increased. Apparently, increasing activity of AH influenced the speed of citrate utilization, whose concentration decreased after administering SkQ1 by pathology. Moreover, the previously applied anti-oxidant during hyperglycemia influenced the rate of antioxidant system mobilization. Thus, superoxide dismutase and catalase activity, as well as the level of gene transcript under influence of SkQ1 at pathology, were changing to the direction of control groups values.CONCLUSIONAccording to the results of performed research, SkQ1 can be considered a promising addition to be included in antioxidant therapy of DM2.

Intensity of free radical oxidation of lipids at fatty hepatosis of cows

Intensity of free radical oxidation of lipids at fatty hepatosis of cows

Evaluation of the adaptogenic propertries of the Quark product enriched with probiotics, polyphenols and vitamins

The aim of the study is to evaluate protective properties of the quark product manufactured with transglutaminase and enriched with probiotics, oligomerous proanthocyanidines and vitamins; the biological experiment on the growing laboratory Wistar stock rats has been carried out. The rats of two from three groups subjected within 21 days to the effect of low-frequency weak variable magnetic field received in semi-synthetic diet composition extra experimental and control samples of the quark product. The index of feed intake and the rats’ body mass growth was registered within 32 days. At the end of the experiment blood serum biochemical index was evaluated. It was revealed that the animals consuming the experimental product substantially gained the mass before the effect (gain from the 1st up to 10th days made up 12%) as well as after effect (gain from 11th up to 32nd days – 10.3%); upon completion of the experiment the gains of these animals exceeded the gains of the rats consuming the control product by more than 28%. The experiment revealed the lipolipedemic and hypoglycemic effect of the experimental quark product that has been evidenced by the significant reduction of cholesterol (by more than 20%), glucose (up to 40%) in the rats’ blood serum. On administration of the experimental dairy product in the animals’ diet subjected to the impact of low-frequency weak magnetic field the effect of the broken balance recovery in antioxidant/pro-oxidant system was observed due to reduction of pro-oxidant load at the enzymatic as well as low molecular links of the antioxidant system. The identified antioxidant and adaptogenic effect of the developed dairy product promoting to reduce the intensity of free-radical oxidation at the impact of low-frequency electromagnetic field on the body make it possible recommend it in dietotherapy for correction of antioxidant/pro-oxidant status.