Intelligent Information Society Research Articles

고령자의 디지털기기 이용 효능감과 디지털정보 역량의 관계에서 사회적 자본의 조절효과

Objectives The purpose of this study is to understand the effect of the elderly's efficacy in using digital devices on digital information capabilities and to empirically analyze the moderating effect of social capital on this effect. Methods To this end, the second data of the 2022 Digital Information Gap Survey surveyed by the Korea Intelligence Information Society Agency were used, and the data of a total of 2,300 elderly people aged 55 or older were used. The analysis was conducted as follows using the IBM SPSS 26.0 statistical program. First, descriptive statistical analysis such as frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis was used to find out the distribution of survey respondents. Second, Pearson's moment correlation coefficient was analyzed to confirm the correlation between major variables. Third, multiple regression analysis was performed to analyze the moderating effect. Results The results derived through the analysis are as follows. First, it was found that the elderly's efficacy in using digital devices had a positive effect on digital information capabilities. Second, it was found that social capital had a positive effect on digital information capabilities. Third, it was found that the social capital of the elderly controls the relationship between the efficacy of using digital devices and digital information capabilities. Conclusions In this study, it was confirmed that social capital plays a control and buffer role in the effect of the elderly's efficacy in using digital devices on digital information capabilities. Based on the research results of this study, interest in social capital that controls the efficacy of using digital devices and digital information capabilities, and measures to strengthen them were discussed.

The Importance-Performance Analysis and Educational Needs of Elementary Pre-service Teachers' Competencies in Intelligent Information Society

The Importance-Performance Analysis and Educational Needs of Elementary Pre-service Teachers' Competencies in Intelligent Information Society

A Study on the Constitutional Meaning of the Right to Pursue Happiness in Intelligence Information Society

The meaning of happiness in human life depends on what each individual thinks of as happiness and what one pursues due to differences in personalities and values. An important value and ideology of modern constitution is the guarantee of human rights to ensure that all human beings can live the life they want. Therefore, the meaning of the right to pursue happiness can be seen as very important not only at the time of the modern human rights declaration, but also in modern society, where technological breakthroughs and artificial intelligence are emerging at ever-higher rates.
 The role of law is also very important in an intelligent information society, and it is also necessary to find out what fundamental rights the state should protect more actively through the interpretation and guidelines of the Constitution and include the necessary legislative direction or outline in the constitutional amendment. It is crucial to prepare for risks caused by the emergence of new technologies and the development of an intelligent information society, to protect the fundamental rights and safety of the people, and to review constitutional countermeasures. If successful, it may be possible to establish a normative framework for pursuing safe and sustainable development and human happiness.

저소득층 학생의 디지털 정보격차에 미치는 요인 분석 연구

Objectives This study was conducted to analyze the types and causes of the digital information gap among low- income students, identify prerequisites for resolving the digital information gap, and derive implications to help with subsequent research related to this.
 Methods Using the digital information gap survey data collected by the Korea Intelligence Information Society Promotion Agency in 2021, a factor analysis of 22 questions was conducted to determine the types of digital information gap, and a step-by-step selection method was used to analyze the causes of each type of digital information gap. Multiple regression analysis was performed using.
 Results The average monthly household income of low-income students was analyzed to affect the access gap. In addition, it was found that the older the age, the higher the ability to use PCs and mobile devices, and the higher the household average monthly income, the relatively higher the ability to use PCs and mobile devices. On the other hand, it was found that women were less capable of using PCs. Additionally, students with a positive attitude toward digital technology say they are familiar with the basic functions of digital devices, and the efficacy of using digital devices appears to have an impact on the gap in use of low-income students.
 Conclusions The types of digital information gap among low-income students were classified into ‘access gap’, ‘use gap’, and ‘utilization gap’, which were discussed in existing information gap research. This implies that students from low-income families also have access problems related to physical access and are experiencing difficulties in accessing and utilizing digital devices and networks. Moreover, the gap in use and utilization of low-income students was identified as containing problems caused by the absence of a digital education environment, and as a way to resolve this, a digital education plan to strengthen attitudes toward digital technology and efficacy in using digital devices can be expected.

사회변동과 입헌주의

Revolutionary social changes have led to reformations in the constitutional system of countries in human history. In this sense, Constitutionalism has had a direct impact not only on the countries and their people, but also on the lives of the mankind as a whole. Constitutionalism in the modern sense, a concept that is based on a society in which people are the masters of their own and that guarantees human freedom and rights, originates from the American Revolution of 1787 and the French Revolution of 1789. The bourgeois revolution brought about a fundamental social transition from monarchical sovereignty dominated by absolute monarchies to popular sovereignty. Modern constitutionalism has gone through many kinds of “challenges and responses”. Firstly, the industrial revolution of the 19th century led to the Proletarian Revolution. In the 20th century, after World War I, the world was split into people's democracy and liberal democracy. After World War II, the world was divided even more sharply. After the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989, however, communist people's democracy virtually came to an end. In the early 21st century, as the 9/11 terrorist attacks made a new inflection point, the traditional legal system and legal theory also brought about fundamental changes. In addition, with the progress of the intelligent information society, drastic changes are coming to human life.
 The Constitutionalism which is resulted from gradual social reform in Britain and radical social reform in the United States and France, has been the model one for other countries in the world. Yet, the establishment of Constitutionalism is still far away in the Middle East and Africa. Constitutionalism in Latin America also remains unstable. Constitutionalism in Asia is entering a stable stage in many countries. The discussion on whether globalization of Constitutionalism, “Global Constitutionalism”, is feasible, will be enabled only by considering both the current situation of the human world and the present status of individual Constitutionalism in each country simultaneously. As each country is developing its own Constitutionalism, global Constitutionalism must substantially guarantee the freedom and rights of each members of people based on popular sovereignty. Since the actual meaning of Constitutionalism very diverse in each country and the essence of Constitutionalism, in some country, could be seriously distorted, Global Constitutionalism is still far away and its implementation is also unclear.
 Unlike the nature of revolution, Constitutionalism is an ideology that is established on the continuity of history. People should internalize constitutional values for the success of Constitutionalism. It is time to develop a theory based both on a general understanding of foreign constitutional theories and on the norms and reality of Korean Constitution. In other words, while being based on modern natural law theory that is the common value of the modern constitution, it must be based on legal existentialism which recognizes and adapts to the existential legal norms and legal realities that are unfolding in Korea. By doing so, a theory of balance can be established in the understanding and practice of constitutional law through the harmonious development of legal ideology and legal stability that are sought to be established in the contemporary era. Only when the Constitution, the country's basic law and highest law, is implemented in the country and breathes with the people, does the Constitution become the “people's charter for life.” At that time, the Constitutionalism of a democratic rule of law based on popular sovereignty can open the way for the rule of law to take root in the lives of the people.

Verification of the effectiveness of digital therapeutics principle textbooks for elementary and secondary school teachers

<p class="abstract">As the digital transformation of medical systems accelerates, digital therapeutics based on digital technology is attracting attention. Research on digital therapeutics has just begun, and the digital therapeutic market is growing internationally. For students to prepare for an intelligent information society, teachers must be prepared to lead and teach the principles of promising convergence technologies in the future. In this paper, we developed textbooks that can teach the principle of digital therapeutics (DTx) to elementary and secondary school teachers. Textbooks for elementary school teachers were designed with the principle of DTx for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and textbooks for middle school teachers were developed with DTx corresponding to digital dramas as the central theme. The textbooks were developed based on the analyze learners, state objectives, select methods, media, and materials, utilize media and materials, require learner participation, evaluate and revise (ASSURE) model and included teaching and learning plans, worksheets, and reading materials for immediate use in the school field. In addition, textbooks can be used in non-face-to-face classes by using customized online teaching tools. In order to confirm the effectiveness of the developed textbooks, we applied the textbooks to 33 Korean teachers. As a result, teachers’ teaching and learning competency and information teaching efficacy were improved in preparation for the intelligent information society of elementary and secondary school teachers. It was a statistically significant result.</p>

RIS-Aided Cell-Free MIMO System: Perfect and Imperfect CSI Design for Energy Efficiency

Thanks to the development of the 6th generation mobile network that makes it possible for us to move towards an intelligent ubiquitous information society, among which some novel technologies represented by cell-free network has also attracted widespread academic attention. Cell-free network has brought distinguished gains to the network capacity with its strong ability against inter-cell interference. Unfortunately, further improvement demands more base stations (BSs) to be settled, which incurs steep cost increase. To address this issue, reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) with low cost and power consumption is introduced in this paper to replace some of the trivial BSs in the system, then, a RIS-aided cell-free network paradigm is formulated. Our objective is to solve the weighted sumrate (WSR) maximization problem by jointly optimizing the beamforming design at BSs and the phase shift of RISs. Due to the non-convexity of the formulated problem, this paper investigates a joint optimizing scheme based on block coordinate descent (BCD) method. Subsequently, on account of the majority of the precious work reposed perfect channel state information (CSI) setup for the ultimate performance, this paper also extends the proposed algorithm to the case wherein CSI is imperfect by utilizing successive convex approximation (SCA). Finally, simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme shows great performance and robustness in perfect CSI scenario as well as the imperfect ones.

Construction of Exploration Data for Greenhouse Gas Geologic Storage: Focusing on Geological Cross-section Data

In this study, the most basic data, underground geological structure data, that is, geological cross-section data, were established to select a candidate site for underground storage of greenhouse gases based on AI. As a target area, the Gyeongsang Basin, where a large amount of sedimentary rocks are distributed, was selected as the greenhouse gas can be stored most effectively in sedimentary rocks. To this end, the acquisition and edit step, the refinement step, and the labeling step were carried out in the order of raw data collection, source data and labeling data construction to construct the geological cross-section data. This data can be downloaded through the AI hub site (https://aihub.or.kr/aihubdata/data/view.do?curr Menu=115&topMenu=100&aihubDataSe=realm&dataSetSn=71390) operated by the Korea Institute for Intelligent Information Society Promotion.

성인 사이버폭력 피해-가해 중첩에 대한 연구

This study is aimed at preventing the damage-injury overlapping phenomenon in adults' cyberbullying. Due to COVID-19, non-face-to-face life has expanded in modern society and the proportion of using cyberspace has increased compared to before COVID-19. Therefore, the problem of cyberbullying occurring in cyberspace is appearing more seriously than in the past. Most of the existing studies have been conducted on teenagers to prevent cyberbullying. Nonetheless, adults have also been found to experience serious cyberbullying. According to the 2021 cyberbullying fact-finding report published by the Korea Intelligence Information Society Agency, 15.7% of adults have experienced cyberbullying. In addition, in the case of cyber violence, due to the characteristics of cyber space, there is a lot of damage-injury overlapping phenomenon. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze how adults' experiences of cyberbullying affect cyberbullying.
 In addition, in many previous studies, awareness of the problem of cyberbullying and awareness of the effectiveness of education are explained as major factors in preventing adult cyberbullying. Therefore, in this study, it was verified whether awareness of the cyberbullying problem and awareness of the effectiveness of education in the overlapping phenomenon of cyberbullying damage-offender among adults can act as a buffer against the overlapping cyberbullying damage-offender. The study utilized adult data from the 「2021 Cyberviolence Survey Result Report」 conducted by the Korea Institute for Intelligence and Information Society Promotion. For the final analysis to carry out the purpose of the study, the multi-additive control model was analyzed using PROCESS macro model No. 2 of the SPSS Macro PROCESS 3.5 program.
 As a result of the study, cyberbullying damage of adults was identified as a predictor of cyberbullying perpetration, and it was confirmed that in these two relationships, cyberbullying problem awareness and awareness of the effectiveness of education showed a multi-additative moderating effect. Based on these results, a plan to prevent adult cyberbullying damage-offender overlapping was proposed.

메타버스에 관한 법적과제

ICT convergence technology related to the Fourth Industrial Revolution and the social disaster of coronavirus are accelerating the metaverse society in the intelligent information society. Metaverse is also actively used in the field of public administration services, including the game and education industry. Since economic transactions and administrative services are actually carried out in the metaverse, the virtual world space of the metaverse is emerging as a legal challenge to how real world laws should be applied in the metaverse. The issue of taxation on acts or income in the virtual space of the metaverse and taxation when taxpayers use it as a tax haven are also emerging. In addition, XR is an invasive data collection and monitoring by facial recognition technology by VR headsets and AR glasses combined with other wearables, making privacy and privacy issues a legal challenge. In addition, the transition to an immersive virtual world using virtual reality headsets can be used for excessive advertising by collecting detailed information such as users' facial expressions, voices and accents, and vital signs than companies can collect through existing screens. In addition, if the Metaverse Act is enacted, whether the metaverse industry will be uniformly self-regulated or regulated self-regulation, the metaverse will be classified as 'illegal profit and harmful contents/services', 'freedom of expression, freedom of press and publication, freedom of business' (freedom of advertising), content/service related to privacy protection', and 'legal but harmful content/service', and it is a question of whether to regulate authoritatively, regulated self-regulation, or self-regulation according to the principle of proportionality. Therefore, in this paper, after examining the concept and characteristics of the metaverse and the current state of metaverse utilization in the public domain, the legal status of avatars in the metaverse, cybersecurity reinforcement issues in the metaverse, regulation of excessive advertising, and metaverse Review the legal tasks related to self-regulation issues and tax imposition issues that were regulated at the time of enactment of the law, and suggest tasks for improvement.

고령자 기본권 보장 체계와 법제 및 고령자 법령정보접근권의 보장

It is true that the basic rights of the elderly have been dealt with as part of the state's granting area under the alienated and discriminatory concept of 'elderly', and have been passively discussed in the basic rights guarantee system of the socially underprivileged. In the current situation with a super-aged society at hand, it should be avoided to dismiss the basic rights of the elderly as a non-mainstream area. The state sets the guarantee of the basic rights of the elderly and the establishment of a legal system for this as the top priority agenda, actively discusses them from the perspective of age integration and social integration, and is currently a mainstream solution to solve various social issues such as the intelligent information society and the aging society. As a means, we will have to discuss the basic rights of the elderly. Even in establishing a legal system that guarantees the basic rights of the elderly, it is necessary to introduce a method of solving other problems centering on issues related to the elderly, rather than approaching the problems of the elderly incidentally or incidentally in the process of solving other problems. It is necessary to improve the overall legal system in order to manage and adjust the issues related to the basic rights of the elderly, which are mixed through the dispersed basic rights system and the legal system, in an integrated system. Currently, the dispersion of the right to claim for benefits to guarantee the right to live as a human being, the mixed guarantee system for the right to housing, health, work, and education, and the resulting policy confusion and conflict are causing other problems in the legal system and social problems. Ultimately, it is necessary to form a framework for integration by absorbing various dispersed laws and policies for the elderly into one system. In this process, it is also necessary to guarantee the right to access legal information, which is the basis for realizing other basic rights. Until now, the senior citizen policy was only a minor part of the general policy for the general public, so-called minority policy, but now it has to become a majority policy as a major policy. Organizational structure is also necessary. I would like to propose the enactment of the 'Basic Act on the Elderly' with all these contents. The 'Framework Act on the Elderly' includes the concept of the elderly, the promotion system for the elderly policies, a dedicated promotion body, the contents of the special basic rights recognized by the elderly (right to access statutory information, right to claim benefits such as pensions, housing rights, health rights, work rights, education rights, etc.) Securing security, establishing a delivery system, and means of remedy in case of violation of the basic rights of the elderly should be specified.

성인의 사이버공간 이용시간이 사이버폭력 피해에 미치는 영향

This study aims to suggest an effective solution that can decrease the victims of cyberbullying by adults, during pandemic(COVID-19). The mediating effect of cyber dependence moderated by exposure of personal information in cyberspace in the relationship between cyber space usage time and cyber violence victim of adults during non-face-to-face era. This study utilized the data from 「Cyber violenceSurvey」 conducted in 2020 by the Korea Intelligence Information Society Promotion Agency. The analysis results are as follows. First, adults' cyber dependence positively (+) significantly mediated cyberspace usage time and victimization of cyber violence. Second, the degree of exposure of personal information in cyber space significantly moderated the relationship between cyber dependence and victimization of cyber violence. Third, the mediating effect of cyber dependence in the relationship between cyber violence use time and victimization of cyber violence was moderated by the level of exposure of personal information in cyber space. Specifically, cyber dependence positively mediated cyber space usage time and victimization of cyber violence in all groups with high, medium, and low levels of personal information exposure in cyberspace, but the lower group had less positive effect than high group. The results of this study support that personal information protection in cyberspace is a defensive factor that can reduce victimization of cyber violence among adults. Based on these results, it is proposed to provide warning notices for exposure of personal information and educations for personal information protection. In particular, in the case of the elderly, who are classified as cyber vulnerable, customized education for personal information protection will be needed. Because personal information was often exposed due to ignorance of personal information protection methods and process. It is expected that this will be an effective solution to prevent the cyber violence of adults, which is emerging as a serious social problem.

데이터 경제의 국내외 현황과 시사점

Purpose: This study aims to examine the main contents and meaning of the revision of the Data 3 Act, which took effect in August 2020, and to examine the current status of domestic and major countries for future data economy prospects centered on data transactions. In addition, I would like to present implications for Korea’s policies and market conditions to respond to a data economy-oriented society.
 Research design, data, and methodology: Due to the emergence of an intelligent information society and the development of the 4th industrial revolution, it is transforming into a digital data economy, and the importance of data use is increasing and interest in how to regulate data use is also increasing. In the meantime, it can be seen that the big data economy is being activated by allowing both individuals and companies to actively utilize big data, which is an essential element in the high-tech industry, with the recent revision of the Data 3 Act. Of course, the complexity and uncertainty of the Data Use Act in relation to the main contents of the Enforcement Decree of the Data 3 Act hinder the development of the data economy, and there are still issues to be discussed, such as conflicts between the Personal Information Protection Act and the Credit Information Protection Act. However, since encouraging results are expected in terms of revitalizing data use, this paper will first examine the data economic environment and domestic and international trends, and suggest ways to protect data rights, establish governance, and efficient management.
 Results: This study reviewed the concept definition of the data economy and the background of the emergence of the data economy market by examining trends in Korea and major countries, focusing on the Data 3 Act, and also presented directions and efficient management measures for data governance.
 Implications: At the transition to the data economy, legislation can be divided into two pillars: data utilization based on the various uses of big data and data protection based on personal information protection, and it can revitalize the data economy by sufficient technological supplementation. Data governance should be organized and operated, and data economy frameworks should be harmonized to establish, enforce, and interpret various laws related to data and have a consistent direction and orientation that can be fully recognized by various economic actors.

Analysis of Intelligent Transportation System Application Based on Internet of Things and Big Data Technology under the Background of Information Society

With the growth of national economic strength, urban modernization has become an indispensable part. Among them, urban road traffic congestion has become the main problem affecting work and traffic. Traffic pressure promotes the massive use of Internet of Things and other technologies in the transportation system. The integration of computer, Internet of Things and transportation system forms a new intelligent transportation concept. With the advent of intelligent information society, the application of intelligent transportation is imminent. In view of the shortcomings of urban intelligent transportation, this paper uses Internet of Things technology and big data technology to study it. Firstly, it analyzes the function and value of IoT intelligent transportation, analyzes the system components from the construction principle, and makes full use of intelligent technology to improve the transportation system. Secondly, the optimal path algorithm is proposed in the IoT urban intelligent transportation system model. The advantages and disadvantages of genetic algorithm and heuristic algorithm are analyzed, and ant colony algorithm is used for further optimization. In order to verify the feasibility of the intelligent transportation system, technologies such as big data edge computing are also used to comprehensively evaluate and study the use of the system. Finally, we analyze the results of the practical application of the intelligent transportation system under the Internet of Things technology. The research results show that the urban intelligent transportation system, supported by the Internet of Things technology, can realize the dynamic planning of the optimal route, help the people to improve their driving experience in the high safety and intellectualization, and greatly avoid a series of problems caused by congestion.

Analysis of the Influence of Learner’s SW Experience on Learning Effect in Design Thinking-based SW Basic Education

As our society transitions into an intelligent information society, a systematic preparation is needed. However, as domestic elementary and secondary software (SW) education is not provided equally to learners, there are many concerns that the gap will widen as students enter higher schools. At a time when research in effective SW education strategy is urgently needed for learners with different SW education experiences, this study verified the effectiveness of education by applying design thinking education using design thinking to SW basic liberal arts courses in K University’s ‘Computational Thinking’ course in the first and second semesters of 2021.For the purposes of this research, We applied teaching methods to the field by teaching and designing computing thinking using design thinking. The period during which learners experienced SW education before education was subdivided into four groups to confirm the changes in ‘Computing Thinking Efficacy’ (CT effectiveness) and ‘SW education persistence’.As a result of this study, it is possible to confirm a positive change in the effectiveness of computing thinking classes using design thinking in SW basic liberal arts education. In addition, educators are now able to develop improvement plans. In future studies, in-depth research on improvement measures will be conducted to prepare various strategies that will allow us to make progress in the systematization of basic SW education to improve its overall quality.

성인의 사이버공간 이용시간이 사이버폭력 가해경험에 미치는 영향

Cyber Violence in adults is considered a serious social problem, and this study was conducted with the aim of suggesting effective measures to reduce adult cyber violence. In this study, the mediating effect of the harmful content contact experience controlled by the problematic attitude toward cyber violence was verified in the relationship between cyber space usage time and online violence experience for adults. To this end, secondary data analysis was conducted using the ‘2020 Cyber Violence Survey’ conducted by the Korea Intelligence Information Society Promotion Agency. As a result of the study, first, adult cyber space usage time had a significant positive (+) influence on cyber violence experience. Second, the experience of contacting harmful content positively mediated the relationship. Third, the problematic attitude of adults toward cyber violence adjusted the relationship between the experience of contacting harmful content and the experience of cyber violence. Fourth, the problematic attitude toward cyber violence significantly adjusted the influence of adults' use of cyberspace on cyber violence experience by mediating the contact experience of harmful content. Specifically, in the adult group with a high problematic attitude toward cyber violence, the cyber violence decreased as the time to use cyber space increased. The results of this study emphasize the importance of problematic attitudes toward cyber violence and contacting harmful content in understanding cyber violence in adults. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a real-name system for using harmful content and a warning notice to reduce contact with harmful content by adults. In addition, it is necessary to reduce the supply of harmful contents by blocking and reporting unauthorized harmful contents using big data or AI. Finally, cyber violence education programs for adults should be in place so that adults can have a problematic attitude toward cyber violence It is expected that this will be an effective countermeasure to the growing problem of adult cyber violence.

Analysis of AI Ethical Competence to Computational Thinking

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a driving force leading the intelligent information society. Major advanced countries have established AI into key policy projects and made continuous efforts to nurture and develop future talents through AI education. Unlike conventional software, AI can infer results through training with data, and if there is a data bias, it may cause social and ethical problems. These problems incur extensive damage to society, so ethical consideration is essential in terms of effectiveness and efficiency in implementing AI. Computational thinking aims to perform effective and efficient problem-solving to address real-life problems using computing technology such as AI. Therefore, ethical considerations in AI education can be regarded as an important element of computational thinking. This study aims to analyze the relationship between computational thinking and AI ethical competence from problem-solving using AI. To this end, evaluations and analyses of computational thinking and AI ethical competence were performed based on the evaluation results of the education program with the integration of AI and AI ethics. The analysis demonstrated that the group with relatively high computational thinking skills also showed high AI ethical competence. The findings of this study are expected to facilitate research on nurturing computational thinking through AI-integrated education with sufficient consideration of AI ethics. To increase the effectiveness of the AI-integrated education program, it is necessary to develop a mid-to-long-term education program to systematically examine the process-focused evaluation by systematizing observational and portfolio assessments.

The Study on AI Curriculum for Non-Computer Majors

Thanks to the advances made in the field of artificial intelligence, which is a key technology of the 4th Industrial Revolution, society is changing into one that is driven by intelligent information. In an intelligent information society, talent with digital literacy and AI literacy capabilities is needed to utilize artificial intelligence technology. Digital literacy refers to the ability to solve problems using digital technology. In this type of society, AI literacy supported by the right ethical consciousness should be cultivated in applying and utilizing AI technology. Talent with digital literacy and AI literacy capabilities is required regardless of computer-related majors, and education regarding this sort of content is required in all academic fields.<br/> Currently, at domestic SW-centered universities, non-computer major students are also being provided with essential basic education to cultivate digital literacy and AI literacy. In this paper, digital literacy and AI literacy capabilities were proposed through related research analysis and analysis of the current status of basic domestic liberal arts courses conducted for non-computer majors. In addition, through the analysis of the current curriculum, the basic curriculum that should be aimed at in the future for non-computer majors was discussed.<br/> The results of this study show that basic data for designing a curriculum for AI literacy education for non-computer majors is necessary.

Secure Visible Light Communication System via Cooperative Attack Detecting Techniques

With the recent development of fourth industrial technology, the need for a broadband short-range wireless communication system to realize an ultraconnected, ultra-low latency, and ultra-realistic intelligent information society has emerged. Among the next-generation communication network technologies that can fulfill the technical demands, visible light communication (VLC) is a promising technology that can use illuminated light as a communication light source, which is convenient and environmentally friendly and has high energy and frequency efficiency. However, although VLC has a high level of security owing to the straightness and transparency of visible light, if some of the VLC nodes in a dense mesh network environment are hacked by external attacks, there can be critical performance degradation by jamming attacks. Although several studies have suggested the possibility of VLC jamming attacks, only a few have studied how to effectively detect and respond to these attacks. This study proposes a method to collaboratively detect and respond to jamming attacks in smart LED-based VLC systems. According to the experimental results of this study, the proposed cooperative method showed 91% attack detection accuracy and 1.82 times better than the k-random method. The proposed method showed a minimum detection rate of 84% even in an obstacle-rich environment, proving outstanding attack detection performance 1.68 times better than the k-random method.

Risks of Intelligent Information Technology and the Ways of Legal Response - Focusing on the response to the risks of algorithms -

As the 4th Industrial Revolution progresses, new social paradigms are emerging that have not been experienced before. The intelligent information society can be seen as one of them. Various new social utilities are created with the emergence of the intelligent information society in which the intelligent information technology represented by artificial intelligence plays a central role. But at the same time, new risks also are arising. Thus, how to respond to the risks posed by intelligent information technology is a new task to the legal system. In that situation, this article deals with the risks of intelligent information technology and the question of how it is desirable for the legal system to respond to those risks. To do this, the author use the legal theoretical method. Using this method, this article explores the risks of intelligent information technology and legal ways to respond to them. This article analyzes the risks of intelligent information technology based on the distinction of personal information, algorithms, and social use of intelligent information technology. Here risks related to collection and use of personal information, risks related to malfunction and bias of algorithms, and risks related to social use of intelligent information technology are investigated. In addition, it analyzes whether the current legal system has sufficient capacity to cope with these risks. Through this, this article presents the following regulatory principles for the risks of intelligent information technology. The practical harmony between the use and control of intelligent information technology, autonomous control, action-oriented control, pre-existing control, and reflective control. Based upon those, this article proposes the following regulatory measures. These include ethics, intelligent information technology certification, impact assessment, the right to explanation and complain, and the duty to improve intelligent information technology.