In the context of increasing global agricultural challenges, the application of artificial intelligence technology in the agricultural field is increasingly a trend, especially in the production of agricultural products, intelligent identification technology has shown the potential to significantly improve production efficiency and optimize yield and quality. By the mid-21st century, demand for food production is expected to reach 50 percent, and there will be enormous pressure to achieve this goal with traditional agricultural technologies, which could be achieved through the application of artificial intelligence. The application of artificial intelligence technology in modern agricultural production will be analyzed in detail in this paper, the guidance of future research fields will be proposed, and the existing challenges and technical problems will be identified and discussed in order to promote the deepening and wide application of intelligent agriculture. This paper specifically discusses examples of applications in orchard management, pest detection, and automated harvesting and summarizes the effectiveness and obstacles of these techniques.