Intellectual Output Research Articles

Maintaining Research and Publication Integrity.

The reporting of scientific results has lately been under scrutiny. The number of retracted articles appears to be increasing, and discussions about compromised research integrity in scientific publishing have become a common occurrence in the lay press. These developments will undoubtedly have negative repercussions and undermine the credibility of the scientific community in the public eye. Historically, scientists have enjoyed the trust and respect of the public. The findings and conclusions of scientists' studies have resulted in beneficial changes in public policies and technical advances that have enhanced the well-being of society. The honest reporting of scientific results is the cornerstone of this trust and relies on the efforts and best intentions of publishers, editors, authors, and reviewers. These 4 entities must perform their duties honorably to preserve the integrity of the system. Unfortunately, financial incentives and greed, fierce competition among scientists, misguided criteria for academic promotion, and imperfect human nature have contributed to a questioning of the integrity of the system. The number of awarded PhD degrees has increased dramatically in the past 2 decades and so has the intellectual output. Accordingly, the number of scientific journals indexed by the Web of Science has increased by 66% since 2000, from 7383 to 12271. The increase in the number of published articles, per se, is not a problem. However, with the birth of predatory journals that have infiltrated the scientific publishing industry, the quality of the scientific output has been diminished. Although there is no definitive definition for a predatory journal, there are criteria, which when met, classify a journal as such, including the journal's editor and publisher being one and the same, having no editorial board or there is an editorial board but the members are not aware that they are listed as such, having no publications, and so …

Job Quality, Innovation and Employment – a Structural Equation Modeling on Regional Level

Job quality (JQ) covers the aspects that contribute to wellbeing through the impact on material living conditions or quality of life at work. The research aims to evaluate the relationship between the quality of jobs, in combination with the dimensions of innovation and other economic and social indicators, on the performance of the labor market. The analysis is carried out at the level of 193 NUTS 1, 2 and 3 territorial administrative regions. Job quality is estimated based on the results of Eurofound’s sixth Working Conditions Survey 2015 (EWCS), which outlines some defining features of job quality. In the relationship between JQ and the growth of employment, we also introduced influences of innovation activities concerning the human resources involved, the financial support for research or the creation of collaborative networks between innovators, as well as intellectual assets in the form of patents applications, trademarks or design. The results of our structural equations modeling reveal an intense and positive causal relationship between the intellectual output (intellectual assets) and specific attributes of the job quality, especially regarding job prospects, skills and discretion, and the increase in the rate of employment.

Open Access Repositories: A Global Perspective with a Special Emphasis on India and China

Previously research was dependent more on print form for disseminating institutional research output, but after the development of digital technologies like Institutional repositories, researchers of every organizations are now in a better position to share their intellectual scholarly research output to the digital world in a fast, easy and convenient way. Institutional repository is one of the model of open access which improves the visibility of an organization globally. This paper aims to analyze the current status of the two countries India and China which are registered in the Open Directory of Open Access Repository (OpenDOAR). During this study, it was found that, 79 repositories are from India and 40 repositories are from China out of 119 repositories. The major achieving content is journals articles 96 (166%) in China 37 (92%) and India 59 (74%). The study also found that most of the open access repositories are institutional repositories from India 67 (85%) and China 39 (97%) followed by disciplinary, aggregating and governmental.

Walter Gulick’s Recovering Truths

This well-organized collection offers a blueprint for tracing continuity in Polanyi’s lifelong intellectual output. Gulick’s Recovering Truths: A Comprehensive Anthology of Michael Polanyi’s Writings makes it possible for anyone interested in Polanyi’s writings to explore the overall philosophical stance from which Polanyi’s thought originates. In addition to key texts from Polanyi’s ouvre, the volume introduces the reader to the method by which Polanyi’s philosophy transcends disciplinary preoccupations and transforms the post-Cartesian intellectual terrain through the conceptual tools of a post-critical philosophy.

Modernized teaching material and methodology for road safety educators

One of the project main objectives was to develop new study material for road safety education providers in order to improve road safety through the development of driving teachers' education in Estonia, Finland and Norway. In order to complete this objective several activities were carried out: 1. Four international project meetings - Originally were planned three meetings each connected with one of the other activities (two with student mobilities and one with dissemination event), but for the compilation of a book the writers needed one additional meeting, just to clarify different aspects concerning the textbook. 2. Two student teaching and learning mobilities - one in Finland (participated: 5 students from Estonia, 5 students from Norway and 8 students from Finland) and the other in Norway (participated: 6 students from Estonia, 9 students from Norway and 4 students from Finland). Both student mobility’s contributed into the writing of a textbook. In the first mobility students and teachers tested several ideas and gather thoughts about topics that should be in the textbook and in second mobility students gave feedback to the articles composed. 3. Dissemination event in Estonia - road safety conference: Theory and Practice in Driver Education. The dissemination event was dedicated to the intellectual output and was a success in every way. There were two keynote speakers talking about overall ideas and state of road safety in Europe and also all the writers introducing their chapter of the textbook. All the participants (119 people) had a chance to acquire the new textbook. The textbook was released in October 2018 and all the project partners had 200 copies of the book. As the book was written in English TUHC translated all the articles into Estonian and the articles together with the videos made from the conference are now being used as a study material in Traffic safety curriculum. The created textbook is also available for all the interested parties on project partners’ websites. During the project all the participating teachers and students gained new experience, improved their English language skills, improved cooperation and intercultural skills. Project partners gained new teaching and learning material, strengthened their international cooperation and improved the quality of higher education in their institutions.

Racial Expulsion and a Myth of Whiteness: Why Reinhardt Normal College Abandoned the New South and Became a Mountain School

Abstract Reinhardt Normal College was founded at the edge of Southern Appalachia in 1883 by New South promoters from the area who saw the school as part of a larger vision of urban, transportation, and industrial development. By 1900, a second generation identified the school as the antidote to cultural backwardness and mountain isolation. Both groups advocated colonization of blacks or presented the school as though it existed in an all-white setting. This emphasis on the “purity” of mountain whiteness affected the structure and intellectual output of the school and contributed to an environment in which racial expulsion actually occurred.

Sociologia da religião: comentário a um balanço sobre a produção do conhecimento

Este artigo é um comentário a um balanço, feito por um grande expoente da sociologia da ciência, que, comparando os estudos de religião, criminalidade e mobilidade social, afirma que a sociologia da religião não avança a partir de acúmulo de reflexão teórica interna, sedimentação do conhecimento ou progressos metodológicos. Discordando parcialmente de tal perspectiva, o texto proposto apresenta uma leitura alternativa que aponta algumas particularidades da referida área. Para tanto, são trazidas revisões sobre a sociologia da religião e, ainda que transversalmente, dois debates bem conhecidos: o da secularização e o da contínua vitalidade da religião. Ao final, defende-se que a sociologia da religião não se abstém de discutir o estado de sua produção intelectual, mas que pode se tornar ainda mais robusta se, se inspirar no modo como pesquisas têm sido realizadas em outros campos disciplinares.

Paul F. Lazarsfeld: fundador de uma multinacional científica

Este artigo examina os condicionantes sociais da carreira de Paul F. Lazarsfeld, buscando determinar os fatores de ruptura e de continuidade que a caracterizam. Na primeira parte, analisa a juventude de Paul F. Lazarsfeld a partir de sua relação com os meios socialistas e judeus de Viena. Na segunda parte, estuda as reações diferenciais à emigração, apoiando-se particularmente na comparação entre as atitudes opostas de Theodor Adorno e de Paul Lazarsfeld. Em seguida, analisa as capacidades específicas que permitiram a Lazarsfeld fundar uma nova forma de empreendimento intelectual, assentado sobre uma divisão racional do trabalho e uma organização quase industrial da produção intelectual, o que foi possível graças ao uso de uma metodologia positivista que segmentava e mecanizava as diferentes operações intelectuais. Por fim, o trabalho examina as estratégias por meio das quais, apoiando-se sobre a política das fundações privadas, Lazarsfeld contribuiu para exportar para a Europa do Leste e do Oeste a sociologia empirista americana e, ao mesmo tempo, o modelo de relações que associa a pesquisa social a agentes econômicos e políticos, tal como se constituiu nos Estados Unidos durante os anos 1920 e 1930. Uma estratégia de conquista de novos mercados intelectuais que coincidiu com as estratégias de modernização e de reconquista ideológica que ocorriam na Europa nesse mesmo período.

The Byzantine Politics of Byzantine Mysticism

The Byzantine Politics of Byzantine Mysticism

Students’ Perception of Building a Digital Repository for the Intellectual Outputs of Saudi Scholarship Students

The intellectual output of students may receive insufficient attention in terms of preservation and distribution. The present study focuses on the perceptions of students toward a digital repository for collecting the works of students awarded scholarships. The study found that majority of participants have the desire to archive or publish in a digital repository because they appreciate the quality of students’ research and trust it when writing projects and study reports. However, only a small proportion of participants understood about digital repositories and a few of them had previous experience in publishing their works online. The findings indicated that copyright infringement is the biggest concern that prevents participants from depositing their work, followed by the unawareness about a university repository or appropriate digital repositories that accept students’ work.

Examining the Link Between Funding and Intellectual Interventions Across Universities and Think Tanks: a Theoretical Framework

Policy-oriented expert knowledge is increasingly applied, collaborative and socially accountable, created in a variety of organisations and institutions that display a diversity of funding patterns with a wide range of requirements and expectations. Given the complexities of knowledge production and recent changes in its funding environment (e.g. mode and availability of research funding and evaluation), few existing theoretical elaborations consider tensions between structural funding conditions and intellectual production in policy research contexts. This paper examines the role of funding in shaping the policy issues, format and content of intellectual output across two research contexts (universities, think tanks). It sets out a theoretical and methodological approach to understand the link between funding modalities and the type of knowledge and intellectual interventions they facilitate or thwart.

F. Scott Fitzgerald and the American Scene

F. Scott Fitzgerald and the American Scene

“What Was That All About?” Flawed Methodologies in Explaining the Origins of ISIS (2003–2013)

Abstract Each of these three books takes a different approach to explaining the rise of the Islamic State. Fishman is trained in the nascent field of jihadist studies and focuses on jihadist media and intellectual output as well as on the accounts presented by captured documents, detainees, and defectors; Gerges is a scholar who provides an overview that encapsulates the historical, political, and cultural context of the events described; and Wood is a journalist exploring the unfiltered motivations and thoughts of the jihadis themselves. The three books complement one another and in many ways do not overlap. However, it is this reviewer's sense that there is still enough missing from these accounts, as a result of shortcomings in method, that ultimately detracts from the ability to comprehend the problem set presented by the Zarqawist “style” of jihadism.

“Corners Conceal Treasures”: Arabic Manuscripts’ Marginalia in Fuuta Jaloo and Fuuta Toro in the Nineteenth Century

So far, studies of West African Arabic manuscripts have paid limited attention to scribes and their social environment. Fuuta Jaloo’s Islamic confederation emerged in the early 1700s as the brainchild of a group of scholars. Thanks to public policies and cultural innovations, its intellectual output and regional diffusion left indelible marks on manuscripts. The article illustrates how much information can be obtained from colophons, marginal notes, and other material elements. Analyzing several versions of a nineteenth-century treatise on astronomy, comments will be made on the diffusion and rendition of manuscripts in Fuuta Jaloo, Fuuta Toro and Maasina. 1

The reality of reading in the Arab society and how to acquire their skills to face the digital future: case study: United Arab Emirates Community, Emirate of Fujairah

Is the reading of the key and the key drivers of the rise of the various peoples and civilizations, and cultures of the earth in all their diversity, because this activity is closely linked knowledge and science between different individuals, it also helps the development and renaissance and progress is very large.Cares librarians great interest in reading, and develop their skills and take care of it and the development tendencies among the beneficiaries, comes this interest on the grounds that librarians are the ones who provide the beneficiary materials literacy at all levels, and therefore reassured that the beneficiaries have acquired good reading skills comes at the forefront of their concerns when choosing materials literacy, and the extent of their appetite by beneficiaries and their request and use them useful. Thus, there is a strong relationship between reading, library, librarians and beneficiaries.The study represented a problem in reversing the reality of reading in Arab society and how to acquire the skills to face the digital future (Case Study: UAE Community - Emirate of Fujairah), this problem emerged because of the information explosion and the subsequent technological innovations compete book including advanced features not available in paper books. The objective of the study is to draw a road map to contribute to the restoration and development of literacy skills for all age groups, especially children, on the fact analysis and study of trends and dimensions, and provide some ideas that benefit the librarians and parents in the development of their children's literacy skills. To achieve the objectives of the study the researcher adopted the descriptive survey. It was clear the intellectual output on reading and its importance. It was the collection of scientific material by relying on several sources, including: the extrapolation of what is available on the study of the literature of theoretical and field studies are published, serves the subject of the study was to identify the aim of this study is to measure some of the themes and variables that help develop literacy skills and excellence by design.After the surgery the study has been reached on a set of findings and recommendations that could contribute to the promotion of reading, including: (emphasis on the importance of basing reading in general Arab societies in particular on the four themes are family and school Emirates and society, and the media, as well as societal dimension, technical challenge, and the need to highlight the family role in the promotion of reading and sustainability and educating parents and families of the 2importance of reading as the foundation of culture and the intake of knowledge culture, along with the need for dialogue and educational programs in the media promoting the book and provide awareness doses in the expansion of reading and sustainability, and guide the new generation to take advantage of modern technologies and interact with them in a way to enable them to acquire the skills of reading and cultural access, as well as the importance of training teachers and motivate them to transfer knowledge and entice students to read, and not the textbook consideration is the sole source of education, and the need for scientific studies and specialized documented measure the percentage level reading at school students.

Constantin Frantz and the intellectual history of Bonapartism and Caesarism: a reassessment

ABSTRACTThe conservative German publicist and political theorist, Constantin Frantz (1817–1891), occupies an ambiguous place in German intellectual history. Some, such as Friedrich Meinecke, located him within the rich intellectual tradition of German federalism, highlighting his hostility to the idea of the “nation-state” and the traditions of nationalism, Realpolitik and militarism. Others, by contrast, have situated him within a long genealogy of German fascism, identifying his remarkable 1852 work, Louis Napoleon, as a kind of precursor or antecedent of twentieth-century fascist ideology. This interpretation raises broader questions about the historiography on Bonapartism and Caesarism, which has often been motivated by an interest in the intellectual origins of modern fascism. The present article supplies a reinterpretation of Frantz’s thinking about Bonapartism (Napoleonismus) and Caesarism by focusing on a much broader range of his intellectual output and by tracking the development of his view of Bonapartism’s significance between 1851 and the early 1870s. The main outcome is not just to question Frantz’s place in the “prehistory” of fascism, but also to show how deeply nineteenth-century debates about Bonapartism were connected to concerns about liberalism, democracy, nationalism and imperialism.

Uczelniana baza wiedzy jako przykład systemu CRIS. Z doświadczeń Biblioteki Głównej Politechniki Warszawskiej

The university base of knowledge as a CRIS type system. The experience of the Main Library of WUTThe paper presents the university base of knowledge as aCRIS type system and at the same time an institutional repository. Systems CRIS Current Research Information System currently being developed by the scientific community gather comprehensive Information about research conducted at individual institutions. The WUT Base of Knowledge using proprietary software OMEGA-PSIR is an example connecting system CRIS and auniversity repository, collecting and preserving intellectual output of WUT. Base of Knowledge is asource of information on the directions of research conducted at the university. The base has many uses: data collection, content archiving, analytical tools and reporting, extensive system parameterization. Academic libraries, participating in the creation of university’s databases, perform an important task for the university, other than the traditional functions of librarians.

Institutional Repositories in Universities in Nigeria

The desire of academic institutions to link up to the virtual repository is a global phenomenon. Traditional scholarly publication through established journals characterized by peer review is being challenged by less formal net-based communication that links scholars essentially instantaneously. The contention is that universities need to preserve the benefits of the old system, in which the review process provides cohesion to a given field, while taking advantage of the speed and ease of access promised by the new media. This paper explores the Nigerian situation as it pertains to universities. The paper is basically descriptive and relies mostly on empirical evidences. It was revealed that because of the opportunities created by this new innovation, there is a burning and widespread desire to latch on this opportunity to increase the visibility of their intellectual output and productivity in the universities. The universities also face challenges in this respect which includes poor technology infrastructure, inadequate funding and lack of awareness amongst others. It is believed that if progress made so far is sustained with improvements on challenges the development, management and deployment of IRs will record tremendous success in universities in Nigeria.

Familiarity and utilization of open access resources

PurposeThe purpose of the study is to assess the familiarity and utilization of open access resources among library users of Cochin University of Science and Technology (CUSAT), Kochi, and Pondicherry University (PU), Puducherry.Design/methodology/approachData for the study were collected via a well-structured questionnaire. For this study, 250 questionnaires were administered among library users of each CUSAT and PU through incidental sampling. From CUSAT and PU, 180 and 160 questionnaires, respectively, were considered for data analysis.FindingsThe study reveals that majority of the respondents, i.e. 77.78 and 80 per cent of CUSAT and PU, respectively, believe that they are familiar with the concept of open access (OA). 70.56 per cent respondents from CUSAT and 71.88 per cent users from PU are aware that their library has an OA repository. However, majority of the respondents, i.e. 65 and 70.63 per cent users from CUSAT and PU, respectively, use OA resources. Among OA resources, electronic theses and dissertations are the most preferred ones consulted by 56.67 and 62.50 per cent respondents, respectively, from CUSAT and PU. 60.56 per cent respondents from CUSAT followed by PU (52.50 per cent) cited “screen reading” as a main barrier in accessing OA resources.Originality/valueBoth the universities under study have created and maintained the OA institutional repository for disseminating their institutional intellectual output. This study explores awareness and use of OA resources among library users of CUSAT and PU. The study concludes with some suggestions for utmost utilization of OA resources among library users.

SENGHOR, GLOBALISM AND AFRICANITY

A reflection on the challenges of African identity within the context of the persistence of European Modernity as the ideal of globalisation, offers an opportunity for a fresh perspective on the life and work of Léopold Sédar Senghor. We subject Senghor’s life and intellectual output to a critical triangular prism of: (1) Paul James’s critique of globalism as an ideology of globalisation; (2) Walter Mignolo’s enunciation of the epistemico-cultural implications of Western-led globalisation on the postcolony; and (3) Paulin Houtondji’s Afrocentric critical literary theory. The result is a claim we make that in the devotion of his literary talent and intellectual prowess to the nurturing of the ‘French way’, Senghor not only nurtured an imperialistic French globalism, but betrayed an opportunity to assert a political space for an enduring decolonial African epistemology during a critical period in the history of Africa’s relationship with Europe. Senghor’s life praxis is in this way presented as a typology of the psychopolitical pitfalls facing African thought leaders in their postcolonial engagement with Western modernity.Â