Intellectual Capital Performance Research Articles

Intellectual capital and bank performance: the moderating role of income diversification

PurposeThis study examines whether income diversification moderates the relationship between intellectual capital and bank performance among East African banks.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses a sample of 53 East African banks and a panel dataset for the period 2010–2018. The hypotheses are tested through a hierarchical regression model.FindingsThe regression results indicate that intellectual capital (IC) significantly affects bank performance. Further, the study finds that income diversification has a negative and significant effect on bank performance. The results indicate that income diversification reduced the overall impact of IC (Value Added Intellectual Capital (VAIC)) efficiency on bank performance for the moderating influence. However, the moderating role of income diversification on the relationship between individual components of VAIC (HCE, SCE and CEE) varies. While income diversification enhanced the impact of structural capital efficiency (SCE) on bank performance, it also reduced the effect of human capital efficiency (HCE). Additionally, income diversification did not moderate the impact of capital employed efficiency (CEE) on bank performance.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the literature by demonstrating that non-traditional banking activities influence the IC and bank performance relationship, which is scanty in the existing literature.

Intellectual capital and financial performance, measured by camels perspective

This study empirically examines the impact of intellectual capital on banks financial performance in 57 public listed banks from Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand over the period of 2019 to 2020. Intellectual capital is measured by Pulic’s Value Added Intellectual Coefficient (VAICTM), while banking performance is measured according to CAMELS analysis method. Through the method of partial least squares analysis to find the path coefficients value of each variable, the results obtained show that there is a significant positive impact of VAICTM on management quality (NPM) and earnings (ROA) in Indonesian, Malaysian, and Thai Banks, and significant negative impact of VAICTM on asset management (NPL) of Indonesian, Malaysian, and Thai Banks. On the other side, VAICTM is considered to have an insignificant impact on the capital adequacy (CAR), liquidity (LDR), and sensitivity to market risk (IER) of the in Indonesian, Malaysian, and Thai Banks in 2019-2020.

Intellectual Capital and Social Performance of Indonesian Islamic Banks: The Role of Sharia Supervisory Boards Monitoring Activities

Intellectual Capital and Social Performance of Indonesian Islamic Banks: The Role of Sharia Supervisory Boards Monitoring Activities

Intellectual capital components and industrial firm’s performance

The study aims to determine the connection between intellectual capital (IC) and financial performance of the Jordanian industrial listed companies. The methodology uses regression models, the IC will be measured using the VAIC model (value-added intellectual coefficient), on the other hand, company performance will be measured using return on equity (ROE). The main model includes financial leverage as a control variable to study the leverage role in the association between IC and return on equity. The study also investigates the incremental information content for intellectual capital components in explaining the change in firm performance. In addition, the size effect is studied to show if the company’s size affects the link between ROE and IC. The sample for this study is 77 Jordanian industrial firms and 788 company-year observations during the period 2006–2020. The study results are as follows: Intellectual capital has an important influence on industrial firm performance; Intellectual capital components have a significant impact on industrial firm performance. In particular, human capital efficiency (HCE) and capital employed efficiency (CEE) have a positive influence on ROE, and structural Capital efficiency (SCE) has a negative impact on firm performance. Lastly, firm size has an effect on the relationship between IC and industrial company performance.

Good Corporate Governance in Mediating the Effects of Intellectual Capital and CSR on Company Performance: Empirical on BUMN in Indonesia

Finance is a vital aspect for companies, especially State-Owned Enterprise (BUMN). In Indonesia, the trend of financial markets determines the company’s profit. It oriented this study to get empirical evidence about the effect between intellectual capital and corporate social responsibility (CSR) on company performance, where the relationship is determined by good corporate governance (GCG) which acts as a moderator for BUMN companies. The sample includes 13 state-owned companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) through a purposive sampling stage. Interpreting the data using the model is the SEM structural equation method (SEM) for the period 2012-2020. The statistical software is supported by SmartPLS. The results of the analysis conclude that intellectual capital and CSR have a significant effect on company performance. Then, GCG has no significant effect on the relationship between intellectual capital and company performance. Interestingly, GCG also does not significantly moderate the relationship between CSR and company performance. The limitations of the study need to be discussed.

MENILAI EFEK MODERASI DARI TATA KELOLA PERUSAHAAN PADA HUBUNGAN INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL DAN KINERJA PASAR

This study relates the relationship between Intellectual Capital (IC) and the company's market performance as moderated by corporate governance. The results of this study prove that the total value-added intellectual capital (VAIC) does not have a significant effect on the company's market performance. Partially only CEE has a significant positive effect on the company's market performance. HCE has a negative and significant relationship, meanwhile, SCE has a positive but insignificant correlation to the company's market performance. The samples used in this study were all companies included in the LQ45 index category in the 2015-2018 period. Statistical data processing is carried out through panel data testing with the fixed-effect method. The research contributes to potential investors in making investment decisions by considering the existence of IC and corporate governance as part of the investor analysis. The results of this study are also expected to provide empirical evidence about the relationship between IC, CG, and market performance in Indonesia. These findings will expand the IC literature in business operations in Indonesia concerning the role of IC on its direct impact on market performance. Contribution to regulators, disclosure, and presentation of IC is related to PSAK 19 which has been adopted from IAS 38.

The Effect of Intellectual Capital Investment, Corporate Governance, and Barriers to Entry on the Intellectual Capital Performance of Banking Companies

Intellectual capital is an important element in determining the performance of banking companies. This study aimed to examine the effect of intellectual capital investment, good corporate governance (proxied by foreign ownership and institutional ownership), and barriers to entry on intellectual capital performance. This research was conducted on conventional banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2015 to 2019. The sample was selected using a purposive sampling method based on specific criteria. Eighty-nine banking companies met the criteria. Data analysis was performed using multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that intellectual capital investment and barriers to entry have a negative effect on intellectual capital performance. On the other hand, foreign ownership and institutional ownership have no significant effect on intellectual capital performance. These findings recommend that banking companies pay attention to efficiency in investment in human resource development to improve bank performance. Inefficient investment in human resources can lead to a decrease in intellectual capital performance. Banking companies also need to continuously innovate service products to maintain their competitiveness and no longer rely on fixed asset investment as an element of a barrier to entry.

Examining the performance outcome of intellectual capital: a parallel mediation analysis

PurposeThe current knowledge economy views firm competitive advantage from the strategic management of knowledge resources. Therefore, rooted in the resource-base view theory, this paper empirically investigated how organizational ambidexterity and innovative leadership behaviour mediate the relationship between intellectual capital (IC) and firm performance among small- and medium-scale enterprises (SMEs) in Ghana.Design/methodology/approachUsing purposive sampling, cross-sectional survey data was obtained from 244 SMEs in Ghana. Structural equation modelling was used in testing for the hypothesized relationships.FindingsFindings show that IC has a significant positive effect on firm performance. Additionally, innovative leadership behaviour and organizational ambidexterity have a parallel mediating effect on the relationship between IC and performance.Practical implicationsThe findings of the study have exposed managers of SMEs in Ghana to develop unique behavioural and organizational resources that facilitate competitive edge through strategic utilization of IC, leadership innovation and ambidexterity to produce superior performance.Originality/valueThis study is a pioneering one that uniquely investigated how innovative leadership behaviour and organizational ambidexterity play a parallel mediating role in the IC–performance nexus in a less-industrialized economy.

Analisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kinerja keuangan Bank Umum Syariah

This study aims to examine how much Intellectual Capital, Islamic Corporate Governance, Islamic Social Responsibility, Islamic Ethical Identity, and Zakat can affect Islamic commercial banks' financial performance. The population in this study is Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia. The method of determining the sample using the purposive sampling method. The data used is secondary data. Hypothesis testing is done by using multiple regression analysis techniques. The study results indicate that Intellectual Capital and Islamic Ethical Identity affect financial performance. Islamic Corporate Governance does not affect Financial Performance, Islamic Social Responsibility, Islamic Corporate Governance, Islamic Social Responsibility, and Zakat does not affect Financial Performance of Islamic Commercial Banks. Simultaneously, these independent variables have a positive and significant influence on the Financial Performance of Islamic Commercial Banks.

Cross-Region Comparison Intellectual Capital and Its Impact on Islamic Banks Performance

This paper uses the value-added intellectual coefficient (VAIC) to assess the performance of Islamic banks (IBs) by measuring return on assets (ROA) and income from financing Islamic banks (IFIB). The model tests the relationship between intellectual capital (IC) and IB performance in various regions using a panel data regression methodology with a fixed-effects model and IB financial data for the period 2009–2019 from the BankScope database. The empirical results show that VAIC has a significant positive effect on IB performance using both ROA and IFIB proxies. Furthermore, human capital and capital employed efficiency have a positive relationship with ROA and IFIB, while structural capital efficiency has a relationship with ROA, but is not related to IFIB. The results can be used by companies in strategic decision making related to IC, especially human capital, structural capital, and employed capital.

Intellectual Capital Performance of non-finance firms in Nigeria

The study investigates intellectual capital performance in Nigeria drawing samples from listed non-finance firms on the floor of the Nigerian Exchange Group market. While performance proxied by return on asset is the dependent variable, the independent variables adopted for this study includes structural capital efficiency, capital employed efficiency, human capital efficiency and value-added intellectual capital coefficient. Furthermore, in line with related extant literature, we employed the variable of leverage to control our model. The econometric techniques adopted in this study are the panel fixed and Random effect regression techniques. The empirical result of this study leads to the conclusion that out of the four independent variables adopted in this study, only the variable of human capital efficiency insignificantly affect performance of listed non-finance firms in Nigeria. However, we conclude that structural capital efficiency, capital employed efficiency and value-added intellectual coefficient significantly improve firm performance. On the bases of these findings, we recommend that managers should place great emphasis on structural capital. They need to invest more in its human capital instruments through continuous learning and training. We recommend that managers should provide more towards proper training of employees and ensure that the right persons are selected for the job.

The impact of intellectual capital formation and knowledge economy on banking performance: a case study of GCC’s conventional and Islamic banks

PurposeThis paper aims to evaluate the impact of intellectual capital in terms of human capital, structural capital and capital employed on the financial performance of Islamic and conventional banks in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries.Design/methodology/approachAlong with the measurement discussion, the empirical analysis examines the relationship between intellectual capital measured through value-added intellectual coefficient (VAIC) and the financial performance of banks in the GCC states by conducting a panel of six GCC countries, including 24 Islamic banks and 32 conventional banks covering 2012–2020 period.FindingsThis paper shows that while Islamic banks have similar VAIC, human capital efficiency and capital employed efficiency results to conventional banks, Islamic banks have lagged behind conventional banks regarding the impact of structural capital on financial performance. It is argued that this is in contradiction with Islamic ontology and epistemology, which essentialises intellectual capital formation.Practical implicationsIslamic banks should promote research and development for their intellectual capital at the product, operational and institutional levels, as Islamic banking is considered an alternative financing method, incorporating a new form of knowledge-based institutions inspired by capitalist institutions.Originality/valueThis study conducts a comparative examination of the intellectual capital performance and its impact on financial performance by using interaction variables to capture any differences between Islamic banks and conventional banks in the GCC countries. The paper also considers the knowledge economy impact as a novelty, which is prominent for the GCC countries. In addition, Islamic ontology’s essentialisation of knowledge and its articulation in the form of intellectual capital within modern understanding is widely discussed, as part of originality. Finally, the findings are located within Islamic ontology and epistemology.

THE INFLUENCE OF INTELECTUAL CAPITAL AND ISLAMICITY PERFORMANCE INDEX ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE IN SHARIA BANKING IN INDONESIA

This research was conducted with the aim of examining the effect of intellectual capital and the Islamic performance index on the financial performance of Islamic banking in Indonesia. The data used in this research is documentation data as much as 110 data which is the result of multiplication of 11 object observation data with 10 years observation period of Islamic banking financial reports for the period 2010-2019. This study uses the Moderation Regression Analysis research method with a static panel approach. The results of the data analysis found that the intellectual capital variable which is proxied by VACA, VAHU, STVA has a significant effect on financial performance. Furthermore, the Islamic Performance Index variable which is proxied by PSR, ZPR, EDR, and IsRI has a positive and significant effect on the financial performance of Islamic banking in Indonesia. Another finding found that the variable company age did not moderate intellectual capital (VAIC) on financial performance, while firm size moderated intellectual capital on financial performance. Based on these findings, it is hoped that the leadership of Islamic banking in order to improve the financial performance of Islamic banking needs to increase the Intellectual Capital and Islamicity Performance Index.

Intellectual capital disclosure and financial performance nexus in Islamic and conventional banks in the GCC countries

PurposeThis paper aims to comparatively examine the impact of the intellectual capital performance on the financial performance of Islamic and conventional banks in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries by classifying intellectual capital as human capital, knowledge creation and innovation processes.Design/methodology/approachAlong with the theoretical discussion in essentialising the rationale for intellectual capital formation through Islamic norms, the empirical analysis is formulated through the data generated by disclosure analysis using a panel of five GCC countries examining 408 annual reports from 19 Islamic and 23 conventional banks covering 2010–2019 period. In the analysis of the generated data, both fixed and random effects regression models are used.FindingsThe findings of this paper suggest that Islamic banks perform better than conventional banks in creating intellectual capital through knowledge creation, human capital and intellectual contribution. While the intellectual capital disclosure index and its pillars are significant for Islamic banks, these variables are not significant for the conventional banks in the GCC countries.Research limitations/implicationsConsidering that disclosed information may not reflect actual experience and performance, factual data could also be used to overcome potential shortcomings of disclosure generated data.Practical implicationsThis paper demonstrates that Islamic banks in the GCC have been successful in their intellectual capital performance, whereby they seem to be performing in line with the Islamic ontology. In addition, the disclosure items used in this paper may guide the Islamic and conventional banks in the process of preparing their annual reports. Importantly, they may use these items as benchmarks in further developing their intellectual capital performance for better financial performance.Originality/valueThis paper essentialises knowledge development and innovation for Islamic banks through the Islamic cognitive system rather than as a requirement of the market mechanism. Secondly, a comparative analysis between Islamic and conventional banks is presented by acknowledging the peculiarities of Islamic banks in the methodology and disclosure index.

Intelektualni kapital i finansijske performanse preduzetnika u hotelskoj industriji

Intellectual capital is recognized as a key factor in creating value and gaining and maintaining a competitive advantage among service companies. Intellectual capital can be a useful tool for improving the entrepreneurial performance if it is managed properly. The existing literature does not provide enough insight about the role and importance of intellectual capital among entrepreneurs in the hotel industry. The main goal of the paper is to identify the relationship between intellectual capital and financial performance of entrepreneurs in the hotel industry. The descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were applied. Based on the applied statistical methods, it is concluded that intellectual capital has an impact on operating profit and productivity of entrepreneurs in the hotel industry. The results also indicate that human capital had the greatest contribution to improving the financial performance of entrepreneurs in the hotel industry.

INFLUENCE OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL ON COMPANY PERFORMANCE

Insights into the intellectual capital (IC) on financial performance is relatively a modern phenomenon, attracts the interest of global researchers. Though famous in the banking and communication sectors, little evidence finds in Real Estate and the Consumer Service Sectors. This study focuses to assess the relationship between IC and financial performance (FP) of 46 Real Estate and Consumer Service PLCs listed in Colombo Stock Exchange, Sri Lanka, during 2015 - 2018. The Value-Added Intellectual Capital (VAIC) model with its three primary components is represented by secondary data from annual reports of companies on IC. The FP was represented by Return on Assets and Return on Equity. The findings indicated that VAIC has a positive relationship with FP of the above 46 PLCs, indicating that CEE and FP have a significant positive effect. Recommends, more investments in IC associated activities, ensuring better performance where moderate and weak relationships exist.

COMPANY VALUE ANALYSIS BASED ON INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL MEDIATED BY FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE STUDY ON LQ 45 COMPANIES IN INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE 2015-2019 PERIOD

Price book value is an indicator of company value that is usually used as an assessment by investors in investing.This study aims to obtain the results of the study of the influence of Intellectual capital on firm value with indicators of value added intellectual capital (VAIC) and financial performance as intervening variables and size, age and leverage as controllers in LQ 45 companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX). The method used is purposive sampling resulting in a sample of 29 companies. Data analysis using Partial Least Square (PLS) tool. The results show that the influence of intellectual capital on firm value is not directly but fully mediated by financial performance. The financial performance generated through the proper management of intellectual capital is a major concern for investors in assessing the company.
 Keywords: Intellectual capital, firm value, financial performance

Nexus among intellectual capital, interorganizational learning, industrial Internet of things technology and innovation performance: a resource-based perspective

PurposeThe authors observe the influence of intellectual capital (IC) on innovation performance with the mediating role of interorganizational learning (IOL) in the Pakistani automotive industry. Besides, industrial Internet of things (IoT) technology is used as moderating variables between IOL and innovation performance.Design/methodology/approachStructural equation modeling (SEM) presents scholars with extra flexibility and enhanced research conclusions. SEM is described as a statistical methodology and the best tool used for hypothesis testing. The authors used partial least squares SEM for testing hypotheses. The simple random sampling technique followed to collect data from respondents, and 492 questionnaires were used for analysis.FindingsThe outcomes reveal that IC enhances innovation performance and IOL. Moreover, IOL increases innovation performance. IOL significantly mediates between IC and innovation performance. Industrial IoT technology improves innovation performance. Finally, industrial IoT technology strengthens the positive association between IOL and innovation performance.Practical implicationsThis study concentrates on the issue of how managers use IOL and industrial IoT technology to take higher advantage of IC that increases innovation performance.Originality/valueThis is the initial study that builds a theoretical framework to integrate IC, IOL, industrial IoT technology and innovation performance. Although prior researchers observe the association between IC and innovation performance, less concentration was paid to understand the role of interorganizational leadership and industrial IoT technology in leveraging organizational IC.

PERANAN INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL TERHADAP RANKING BANK PADA PERUSAHAAN PERBANKAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA

The shift in bank functions from intermediary functions to fee-based income activities depends on the human resources of a bank, so the banking sector must change the way it runs its business towards a knowledge-based business. Knowledge based business emphasizes the strategic role of science (and the development of science encourages the birth of intellectual capital (IC). Banks with high intellectual capital are expected to have better performance and can improve bank financial performance and are an attraction to attract investors. This study aims to determine the role of intellectual capital on the ranking of banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2010-2016. This research data uses secondary data with a sample of banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2010 to 2016. The sample in this study used a purposive sampling method.The result of this study is that the intellectual capital performance of banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2010 to 2016 is included in the category of commond performers with s VAIC™ core between 3.9962 and 2.5037.

Association of Corporate Governance with Intellectual Capital Performance: A Study of S&P 200 Companies

This paper aims to investigate the relationship between intellectual capital efficiency and the attributes of corporate governance in the top 116 companies from 2012 to 2018. The VAIC has been calculated for the sample chosen, which did not include financial companies. The relationship between corporate governance structure and intellectual capital performance was investigated using panel data regression analysis. Results have shown that board size is negatively associated with intellectual capital and its components. CEO duality, on the other hand, is not found to be associated with intellectual capital performance. This study also shows that intellectual capital performance and human capital efficiency are negatively correlated with board independence, Indian promoters, institutional ownership, and foreign ownership. The components of intellectual capital performance, on the other hand, have yielded mixed results. The findings could be useful to policymakers while deciding on the composition and structure of the board.