Intellectual Assets Research Articles

Сontradictions in the development of the scientific and pedagogical community as a problem of foreign and domestic research

The subject of sociological analysis in the article is one of the important resources of modern higher education – the scientific and pedagogical community (SPS), considered by the authors as a key social community of universities (along with students and managers). The focus of attention is on two main incarnations of the SPS, that determine the place of the university in domestic and international rankings of higher education institutions. This is a professional-pedagogical and scientificeducational activity of the members of the community. It is emphasised that it is the SPS that today constitutes the “core” of the university’s intellectual asset. That leads to the growing attention to the SPS as an object of theoretical and empirical study in foreign and domestic science. Hence, the purpose of the article was defined as the identification of trends in the SPS research, shown through the prism of its contradictions and problems common to Russian and foreign universities. Special attention is drawn to two paradoxical situations typical of the domestic SPS. Firstly, as its number decreases, the structure of professional activity becomes more complicated, the number of tasks and the degree of responsibility increase, the amount of academic workload and unnecessary bureaucratic burden systematically increase. Secondly, the growing dependence of the university development strategy on scientific and pedagogical staff is combined in a contradictory way with a decrease in real managerial attention to them. Two theories served as a general theoretical framework for the authors – theory of social community and theory of resource dependence. The article presents the results of a systematic analysis of the literature, that allowed to reveal the contradictions in the reproduction of the scientific and pedagogical staff of universities, the impact of the development strategies of higher education and universities on the functioning and development of the SPS, as well as the contradictions in the development of the resource capacity of the SPS.

UTILIZATION OF MULTICULTURAL KNOWLEDGE ASSETS IN BUILDING RELIGIOUS MODERATION

This study examines the prominent role of multicultural knowledge assets to be managed and utilized in supporting the success of the religious moderation program in Islamic universities, specifically the State Islamic University of Datokarama Palu. The university chosen based on its background that focusing in religious moderation aspect. This study aims to reveal the utilization of multi-cultural knowledge assets owned by the State Islamic University of Datokarama Palu to build religious moderation. One of the knowledge assets possessed is a multi-cultural intellectual asset. The method of the study was qualitative method with phenomenological approach. The data collection techniques used were interviews and documentation. This study produced several findings, namely; (1) multicultural knowledge does not only come from internal human resources personnel but also knowledge that is institutional and sourced from external; (2) that multicultural knowledge is relevant to be utilized in the context of building religious moderation based on respect for cultural and religious diversity. However, in several programs, the State Islamic University of Datokarama Palu has not fully utilized the assets of multicultural knowledge. The two seem to be separated from the religious moderation development program. Despite that both are integral units that need and support each other to build a moderate-academic social life
 

Business-to-business co-creation management practices for intellectual property value: Insights from Saudi Arabia

Managing intellectual property (IP) value appropriation remains a central challenge for business-to-business (B2B) networks due to B2B co-creation prospects for improved value-in-exchange and value-in-use for co-creation beneficiaries. This article aims to explore the management practices of B2B networks that enhance IP value from B2B co-creation. Using semi-structured interviews with sixteen IP management experts from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the article proposes an integrated model of management strategies and guidelines for B2B co-creation with respect to IP value. The model posits that at the intra-organisational level, the main enabling processes for value appropriation are building communication skills, implementing hiring processes, and developing management systems for negotiations, talents, and intellectual assets, respectively. This level benefits from priorities placed on selecting strategic partners and fostering learning cultures for knowledge, technology, and venture co-creation processes. For the inter-organisational level, the proposed enabling processes are pursuing research funds and creating optimum designs for technology development and market positioning, respectively. Priorities at this level involve aligning complementary resources, developing clear agreements, and utilising supportive capabilities for technology and market co-creation.

Intellectual property rights policy and foreign direct investment: A quasi‐natural experiment from China

AbstractOver the past 40 years of reform and opening up, China has attracted a large number of foreign investment. However, because of China's weak intellectual property protection environment, it is difficult to protect the intellectual assets of transnational enterprises, which will affect their investment decisions to some extent. In order to optimize the intellectual property system and improve the intellectual property environment, national intellectual property demonstration city policy was proposed in 2012 to improve the institutional environment. To explore the impact of national intellectual property demonstration city policy on foreign capital inflow, we explore the relationship between national intellectual property demonstration city and foreign direct investment (FDI) using the multi‐period differences‐in‐differences (DID) method based on city panel data of China from 2003 to 2019. Results shows the following: (1) Compared with non‐demonstration cities, national intellectual property demonstration cities are profit to FDI promotion. If a city is rated as a national intellectual property demonstration city, local FDI will increase by 5% on average. After a series of robustness tests, the conclusion is still tenable. (2) We find that the national intellectual property demonstration city policy has obvious urban heterogeneity. The effect of national intellectual property demonstration city policy on the increase in FDI is more significant in central cities, western cities, and key cities. (3) The mechanism test shows that national intellectual property demonstration city policies have a positive effect on FDI through increasing the government's strategic expenditure on intellectual property, improving urban technology innovation capacity, optimizing human capital structure, and promoting the marketization of cities. Therefore, China should continue to implement the policy of national intellectual property demonstration city, especially increasing the number of national intellectual property demonstration city in key cities, central cities, and western cities. On the one hand, these findings can help government evaluate the attractiveness of demonstration cities for FDI. On the other hand, it also provides relevant policy enlightenment for the Chinese government to select appropriate demonstration cities and further refine and implement the national intellectual property demonstration city policies.

Analysis of the rate of growth of intellectual capital ability in predicting present and future profitability of Sharia commercial banks in Indonesia

PurposeThis research examines the growth of intellectual assets in Islamic banking (IB) in Indonesia and intellectual capital (IC) growth to predict Islamic commercial banks' (ICBs) current and future profitability.Design/methodology/approachThis research is a quantitative descriptive research, a study that emphasizes theory testing by measuring research variables with numbers that aim to test the hypothesis. The object of this research is sharia banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2014–2019. This study takes IB companies as an object because IB has its types of relatively different transactions from conventional banking or commercial banks.FindingsThe results show that the rate of growth of IC (ROGIC) for ICBs in Indonesia can predict the current year's financial performance but has not been able to predict the profitability of the future year.Originality/valueThis study examines the predictive value rate of IC return in predicting current and next three years’ earnings, which previous researchers have never done.

Innovators performance measurement Evidence based on intellectual assets utilization of enterprises in Poland

The experience of highly developed countries proves that innovation is the driving force of economy. Emerging economies should in particular be focused on innovation, in order to achieve higher productivity and boost their competitive advantage. This is especially important in the current reality of disruptive changes related to IT and ICT new technologies rapid emergence. Technologies already partly adopted on the ground of industrial automation lead to further implementations in many sectors of economy. The reality is often adverse. This particularly concerns insufficient activities of enterprises with respect to intellectual assets creation. Although some progress is observed, emerging economies enterprises rather applicate existing solutions, than invest in their own intellectual assets. Furthermore, financial performance measures concerning innovation activity of enterprises often provide mixed findings. In this context, the purpose of this paper was threefold: to propose a practical set of adjusted performance measures, to verify if innovators sustain performance development and receive additional economic profits, and finally to encourage stronger innovation engagement of managers and entrepreneurs. The results of this empirical study proved that the selected group of enterprises generated positive performance development within three perspectives: financial, economic and intellectual capital efficiency. Moreover, these enterprises seem to have additional innovation bias revealed by further investments of retained profits in new implementations, which should also be taken into consideration with respect to performance measures.

Системні концепти оцінки інтелектуального потенціалу підприємств

The aim of the article is to form system concepts for assessing the intellectual potential of enterprises in modern economic conditions. According to the results of the carried out study, it is found that in today’s dynamic-transformational conditions, where one technology quickly displaces another, and products and services lose their relevance in a short period of time, only those enterprises that constantly produce new knowledge and implement it in new technologies and products achieve success. The most valuable asset in this process is the intellectual potential of enterprises, allowing them to form strong competitive advantages in the changing market of commodity competition and adapt to future competitive changes. Assessment of the intellectual potential of an enterprise is important for measuring its capabilities and determining vector directions for further improvement. The intellectual potential of the enterprise forms the strengths of the enterprise and produces innovative solutions to reduce the level of weaknesses, creates the basis for making sound management decisions and implementing the necessary measures to improve the overall efficiency of enterprise development. An assessment of intellectual potential can help in identifying areas where investment in human capital development, technology, and innovation can be made. By assessing the intellectual potential of an enterprise, management can develop strategies for using its intellectual assets and gaining a competitive advantage in the market. The practical significance of the obtained results lies in the fact that for a thorough and detailed assessment in order to effectively use the intellectual potential, it is necessary to consider other methods and approaches that exist in various forms of systems for assessing the potential of enterprise. In scientific research, as a rule, three main approaches to evaluation are considered: cost, performance, and comparative. Since these approaches were used in the assessment of intellectual capital, intellectual property rights and various forms of enterprise potential (including labor potential), it is appropriate and scientifically correct to consider them when assessing the corresponding intellectual potential.

Information systems in the strategy of digitalization of the Russian enterprise

The article detail with the application of the probabilistic approach to the calculation of the expected performance indicators of the digitalization strategy is substantiated. The process of formation of intellectual assets in the course of implementing this strategy has been analysed. The influence of distributed information systems on increasing the share of intellectual assets of an enterprise is proved.

Exploring the Role of Religious Places in Sharing and Producing Knowledge in Rural Communities: A Case Study of the Kinh People in Soc Trang, Vietnam

AbstractSoc Trang province is located south of the Hau River in the Mekong Delta region. The province is home to ethnic groups including Kinh, Khmer, and Hoa. Each ethnic group has different cultural values, contributing to enriching the local cultural diversity; the Kinh people are the most dominant ethnic group of the total population in the region. In the cultural institutions of the Kinh people in Soc Trang, temples and pagodas have been an integral part of residents’ daily lives for centuries. In addition to their main role as a place where people share their cultural beliefs and religious practice, temples and pagodas are also sites where people meet and share agricultural knowledge. To gain further insight into this phenomenon, this study used both in-depth interviews and questionnaires to examine how different forms of intellectual assets and agricultural practice knowledge have been explicated and passed down from generation to generation within the examined communities. Moreover, this study also attempts to explore the importance of cultural and religious sites for local communities, and their critical impact on the community attachment and management system.

Solutions for Conservation and Development of Intellectual Assets in Tay Nguyen in the New International Integration

Solutions for Conservation and Development of Intellectual Assets in Tay Nguyen in the New International Integration

Challenges in retaining faculty in new and upcoming medical colleges: A faculty member's perspective

Background: New and upcoming medical college must recruit and retain skilled and experienced faculty members. A lot of time and effort is involved on the part of the institution as well as the individual faculty member in initiating a new medical college. Therefore, faculty is an important economic as well as intellectual asset to any medical college. And their departure results in tremendous loss to a college leading to gaps in leadership, knowledge and experience which are important aspects of medical education. Methods: Questionnaire based, cross sectional study. Fifty-one faculty members working in Adesh medical college and fulfilling the inclusion criteria participated in the study conducted between December 2021 to January 2022. Results: Sixty three percent of the faculty agreed to the fact that faculty attrition is a major problem faced by the new medical colleges in India. Non-satisfaction with the leadership (77%) and delay in promotion (71%) were the two very important reasons of faculty attrition. All the faculty members, irrespective of the type of experience (pre, para or clinical), believed that transparent promotion policy (69%), recognition of the effort done by faculty (67%) and adjustable leave policy (65%) were very important strategies which could help in faculty retention. Conclusion: By addressing the problems faced by the faculty members, every new medical college can retain as well as attract experienced faculty thereby, downsizing the cost of work output and helps the new college to sustain itself in the long run.

Implementation of 2008 System of National Accounts (2008 SNA) In Georgia – Main Changes And Challenges

In the process of active globalization, an important task of the economic agenda of any country is to ensure mutual comparability of statistical indicators. This can be achieved through the implementation of internationally approved methodologies and modern standards. The System of National Accounts is at the top of the economic pyramid. The implementation of SNA 2008 was envisaged by the Association Agreement with the European Union. In 2008, the United Nations, European Commission, International Monetary Fund, World Bank and the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development jointly released The System of National Accounts, 2008 (2008 SNA). This update better reflects the changing economic landscape and the advances in methodological research, data sources and compilation methods and provides clarification on a number of issues not clearly stated in the 1993 SNA. Timely, relevant and comprehensive national account information is a significant intellectual asset for any country, and serves important functions. Like any asset the national accounts depreciate with time. Therefore, periodic new investments are crucial, to ensure that they continue to provide high quality services to their users. Implementing 2008 SNA improved the relevance of a country’s national accounts information. In the new version of SNA, changes were introduced in various directions: updates in calculation methods, improvement of data sources, introduction of an international approach to the coverage of the economy and other methodological changes, which include the introduction of new classifications, the use of the accrual method for taxes, a change in the base period (instead of 2010, the base period 2015 is used instead of the period) and many others. Updated calculation methods were introduced in the following direction: Changes in the Financial Intermediation Services Indirectly Measured (FISIM); Improving the calculation of Imputed Rent of Own Occupied Dwellings; Capitalization of costs related to Research and Development (R&D) and others. The factor of improving the data source should also be emphasized. In this regard, it is worth noting: updating the structure of intermediate consumption on the basis of a special surveys; Special survey conducted in various sectors of economy, such as agriculture, construction, hotels and restaurants and ect. Other methodological changes include also the use of new classifications, change of the base year (2015 instead of 2010). During the implementation of new standards and methodologies, many countries face a number of challenges. In many ways, national accounts data represent an important part of a country's economic history. Of course, it is more acceptable for users to have a continuous and consistent time series, which simplifies its use in economic modeling. However, as already mentioned, this process is associated with certain difficulties, among which access to historical rows of updated data sources is noteworthy. In such cases, they need to develop models that put new concepts and methodologies into historical perspective. In order to harmonize with the indicators of the previous period, Georgia has recalculated the historical data series since 2010. The introduction of the new methodology and the above-mentioned updates caused changes in the total volume of GDP. During the implementation of new methodologies and standards, and therefore the recalculation of historical dynamic series, another important challenge is to inform users about all changes and how each change affected the main macroeconomic indicators. At the same time, users should understand that the change of methodologies and their implementation in practice is an ongoing process by which the country strives to comply with international standards. This is vitally necessary to ensure continuity of the country's integration into the world economic system and future sustainable development. Keywords: The System of National Accounts 2008, Financial Intermediate Service Indirectly Measured (FISIM), Non-observed economy, Research and Development (R&D).

Legal protection of geographical indications and the vacuum of international agreements in Iranian law

The intrinsic importance and value of geographical indications and their special characteristics, which, if protected, would have far-reaching economic, cultural and even political benefits, would justify the need to protect them. The present study descriptively-analytically examined the legal protection of geographical indications nationally and internationally and identified gaps in the protection of signs in Iranian law. The results showed that recognizing a geographical indication, whether through registration, court, administrative decision or other means, is not sufficient to realize the potential benefits of protecting a geographical indication. Also, although protecting a geographical indication is essential, it is not the only condition for its success. Also, although there are several ways to protect a geographical indication in theory, even ancillary laws such as the "Fight against Unfair Competition" and the "Consumer Protection Act" and other similar rules and regulations are among these valuable intellectual assets. They protect. However, there are limitations to their protection in practice, largely due to the wide variety of protection systems associated with these symptoms. It was also observed that despite special rules in some countries and territories with geographical indications, including Iran, there is still no global consensus and a single legal authority to support these indications at the international level fully. Therefore, it is necessary to create a comprehensive geographical indication design for a geographical indication to effectively create brand equity for a product or positively impact rural development or the preservation of traditional knowledge, traditional cultural expressions, or biodiversity.

On the occasion of the centenary of the birth of Vladimir Fedorovich Roshchin

The article is dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the birth of a distinguished scholar, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Honored Master of Sciences and Engineering of the RSFSR, Laureate of the Lenin Prize – Vladimir Fedorovich Roshchin, who headed the Aerodynamics and Flight Dynamics Chair of the Moscow Institute of Civil Aviation Engineers (MICAE, the Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation at the present time) in the 70s. The certain biographical details about the researcher and his career highlights are given. The synergy of V.F. Roshchin as a student of the Moscow Aviation Institute with S.P. Korolev was of utmost significance. S.P. Korolev became not only a Director of Diploma for the graduate, but also a Mentor, a vivid personality who developed the area of expertise, influenced the evolvement of intellectual assets and the formation of a young professional, taught the proficiency of cooperation in a team of supporters. Thanks to his great abilities, Vladimir Fedorovich, among the best graduates of the Moscow Aviation Institute, was personally employed by S.P. Korolev, who headed EDB-1. Thus, he started his career in the innovative and developing branch of aerospace technology. Having climbed a career ladder from an engineer to a head of the research-engineering section, Vladimir Fedorovich was engaged in theoretical and experimental research of aerogasdynamic, thermophysical and ballistic problems of the head parts of rockets and launched space vehicles. The scientist achieved the National Awards for the launch operations of the first manned spacecraft "Vostok-1" with the cosmonaut Yu.A. Gagarin, the study of the shape and rotor recovery landing system of the Soyuz spacecraft and a series of other contributions. The article mentions the scientist’s engagement with the unique cooperative scientific projects, particularly with joint authors from the Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute named after Professor N.E. Zhukovsky (TsAGI) to design an unconventional craft "Vertostat". This paper emphasizes the timespan of V.F. Roshchin, associated with work in MICAE (MSTUCA), his teaching, scientific, management activities. The personal qualities of the talented scientist such as bright individuality, broad education, phenomenal professional memory, undoubted erudition, valuable management skills, genuine commitment to science, independence of views, absolute honesty and integrity are noted. It is highlighted that V.F. Roshchin found his true vocation, fostered graduates and followers.

Valuation of Digital Intellectual Assets: Principles, Factors, Approaches and Methods

The object of the study is digital assets and digital intellectual assets as objects of valuation. The subject of the research are the principles, factors, approaches and methods of assessing the value of digital assets, including digital intellectual assets, in order to involve them in civil turnover in modern realities. The relevance of the problem is caused, on the one hand, by the formation of new types of assets — digital, including intellectual — in the context of digitalization of the economy and public relations, on the other — by the uncertainties arising during their identification, as well as the need to substantiate the applicability of valuation principles, approaches and methods to determine the value of such assets for further involvement in civil turnover. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the principles, factors, approaches and methods applicable to the valuation of digital intellectual assets, their approbation on specific examples (domain names). Methods of statistical and comparative analysis, generalization, classification, and valuation were used. The essential characteristics of digital intellectual assets have been defined: intangible nature, creation with the help of digital technology; manifestation of value in the information system; the ability to civil (property) turnover as objects of intellectual rights. The applicability of valuation principles, income and comparative approaches to the valuation of digital intellectual assets is substantiated. The factors influencing the value of digital intellectual assets, as well as specific factors characteristic of one of the types of digital intellectual assets — domain names are identified. An example of using the analogs method to estimate the cost of a second-level domain name in the framework of a comparative approach is shown. It is concluded that digital intellectual assets satisfying all essential characteristics can be put on the balance sheet as intangible assets, and their market value is determined on the basis of income or comparative approaches using the principles of evaluation and identified factors.

Regional Innovation Performances in Turkey

The purpose of this study is to provide a temporal dynamic analysis of transitions of the regions in Turkey from one state of innovative performance to another by using successive Markov Chains. Regarding the intellectual assets, consisting of the patent, utility model, trademark and design applications, Markov Chains have revealed that there are regional disparities (between i. regions located in the east and west of the country, ii. metropolitan and non-metropolitan regions, iii. high-developed and relatively less-developed regions). Results show that metropolitan regions have higher performances. Innovation leaders which take place in all indicators and time periods in terms of applications are Adana, Ankara, Bursa, Eskişehir, İstanbul, İzmir, Kayseri, Kocaeli, Konya and Manisa regions. It is explicitly distinct that İstanbul leads in the innovation performances for each variable in all time periods. In contrast, regions with the lowest innovation performances are Ağrı, Artvin, Bingöl, Bitlis, Erzincan, Hakkari, Kars, Muş, Siirt, Tunceli, Bayburt, Bartın, Ardahan, Iğdır and Kilis. In addition to having the lowest innovation performances, these regions are identified by state policies as ‘priority regions in development’ or ‘state of emergency regions’.

Technology Strategy and Competition Track: Pushing the Knowledge Frontier or Spilling the Beans? Corporate R&D Disclosure

Firms in knowledge-intensive industries create important intellectual assets while also aiming to appropriate value from their innovation. Survey-based research highlights that firms prefer secrecy and lead time over other appropriation methods (e.g., patents and scientific papers) in order to profit from their intellectual assets. However, firms frequently choose to disclose their intellectual assets via patenting and scientific publications. This symposium illuminates specific channels which guide firms’ R&D disclosure strategies. The studies in this symposium focus on the private incentives and performance implications for firms that share their valuable knowledge in the public domain. R&D disclosure choices create competitive implications for other stakeholders, potentially changing innovation trajectories of entire industries. The four studies in this symposium analyze antecedents and consequences of corporate R&D disclosure in various sectors such as the medical device industry and Artificial Intelligence using advanced empirical techniques ranging from synthetic control method to difference-in-differences. The studies in this symposium contribute to the innovation strategy literature concerned with strategic interactions of innovating firms. Buyers of First Resort: Guaranteed Markets and Corporate Scientific Research Presenter: SHARON BELENZON; - Presenter: Larisa Cristina Cioaca; Fuqua School of Business, Duke U. Trigger Event and the Evolution of Scientific Research Disclosure Presenter: Nuruddin Ahmed; MIT Sloan School of Management Presenter: Romel S. Mostafa; U. of Western Ontario Who gains and who loses from more information in technology markets? Evidence from the Sunshine Act Presenter: Raffaele Conti; ESSEC Business School Presenter: Lee Branstetter; Carnegie Mellon U. Presenter: Samir Mamadehussene; U. of Texas at Dallas - Jindal School of Management Presenter: Huiyan Zhang; Carnegie Mellon/ Catolica Lisbon Patent Publication and Innovation Presenter: Deepak Hegde; New York U. Presenter: Chenqi Zhu; U. of California, Irvine

Development of new and adaptation of existing methods and mechanisms to improve the economic security of individual entrepreneurs using intellectual assets

Development of new and adaptation of existing methods and mechanisms to improve the economic security of individual entrepreneurs using intellectual assets

Intelligent enterprise capital control based on Markov chain

This scientific work is devoted to the processes of creating technologies, as well as the use of their mathematical representation in the form of models in the context of the formation and development of the intellectual capital of an enterprise. To select a goal, a vision was formed to prove or refute any possibility of using Markov's theory in practice, namely the creation of a stochastic model of the intellectual capital of an enterprise in monetary terms, which manifests itself in investments in intangible assets. As an initial model hypothesis, the statement is accepted that investments in the enterprise's intangible assets are a factor in the transformation of intellectual capital into the company's value. Based on the results of applying the stochastic Markov chain model, the potential profit of the company's intangible assets was estimated, the main elements of which were intellectual capital assets during the study. A matrix of transition probabilities has been formed and modeling of the limiting probabilities of the system states has been implemented. The necessary conditions and boundaries of the scope of the mathematical model are also determined. The mathematical method of modeling the company's intellectual capital proposed in the article allows determining the contribution of each of the structural components to the formation of the value of the enterprises intellectual capital, thereby making it possible to establish a current balance between all its elements, which contributes to a comprehensive study of the company's intellectual assets.

The Impact of Intellectual Capital on Improving the Performance of Productive Establishment (Baba Sweet Company as a Model)

This study aims to attempt the impact of intellectual capital on the performance of productive institution. To achieve the objectives of the study, a questionnaire has been developed and distributed to the employees of the company, and statistical methods (descriptive and analytical) were adopted for the purpose of answering the study questions and test hypotheses And a random sample of 56 questionnaires was selected .The study found a relation between the Intellectual Capital and the performance of Baba Sweet institution, The study recommended that Al Baba Sweets Company should restructure its intellectual assets in order to achieve efficiency and effectiveness.