Intellectually Research Articles

Neurodevelopmental disorders in children seeking obesity treatment- associations with intellectual ability and psychiatric conditions.

Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD), psychiatric comorbidity and cognitive deficits are commonly seen in children with obesity; however, little is known about the overlap between these conditions. This study aimed to examine the undiagnosed and diagnosed frequency of NDDs and explore its association with psychiatric conditions and general intellectual ability (IQ) in children presenting for obesity treatment. In this observational study at two outpatient obesity clinics during 2018-2019, 80 children (8-17 years) were consecutively recruited, and screened for NDD unless already diagnosed with an NDD. A psychiatric unit evaluated children who screened positive for NDD. Diagnoses and clinical background factors were collected from medical records. IQ was assessed with the Weschler Intelligence Scales and internalizing symptoms were assessed using the Beck Youth Inventories. Associations between background factors, IQ and internalizing symptoms were explored in relation to having an NDD or not. We found that 47/80 children had at least one NDD. Children with a diagnosed NDD before study start (n = 30) had significantly more comorbidities than children diagnosed after the study screening (n = 17) (P = .01). Greater cognitive impairment was seen in children with NDD compared with children without an NDD (P = .01). Also, 33/73 participants self-reported substantial internalizing symptoms. At follow-up, 21/79 participants, in addition to NDD, had been diagnosed with another psychiatric disorder. Ten of these were children that had been diagnosed with an NDD before study start. The overlap between NDD, cognitive deficits and psychiatric conditions in children with obesity is an important consideration for clinical practice. Screening for these conditions may be necessary when providing targeted interventions.

Assessment of the impact of neuro-linguistic programming on primary Schoolchildren's intellectual capacity

BackgroundLebanon's education system confronts significant obstacles from political instability, economic downturns, and inequalities among children, underscoring the urgency for interventions like Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP). This study posits that NLP techniques hold promise in equipping students with the tools to surmount these hurdles and enhance their intellectual capabilities. ObjectiveThis study examines the influence of NLP on the intellectual capacity and abstract reasoning skills of primary school children aged 6 to 11. MethodsOver four months, from April to July 2023, a before-and-after intervention study was conducted. The study involved children from a private urban school in Lebanon, and the Raven's Colored Progressive Matrices test was individually administered to assess their intellectual abilities. This test was administered before and after the NLP intervention, which comprised four sessions for teachers and one for students. ResultsThe study involving 121 students (60.0% females, 40.0% males), indicated significant enhancements in performance, particularly among older students aged 8 to 11. Notable increases in mean scores were observed, such as 8-year-olds improving from 8.95 to 9.36 and 11-year-olds experiencing a significant boost from 6.86 to 12.69. Connectivity analysis revealed positive relationships between students' age and performance, with correlation coefficients of 0.328 before and 0.633 after the intervention. Similarly, strong correlations between grade level and performance were evident, with coefficients of 0.385 before and 0.716 after the intervention, both statistically significant (p < 0.001). Comparisons of intellectual abilities among students showcased more significant improvements among older age groups, emphasizing the potential benefits of NLP, particularly for students between 9 and 11 years old. ConclusionThe NLP intervention yielded notable enhancements in children's academic performance, particularly demonstrating a more pronounced positive effect among those aged 8 and older. Despite weaker correlations with parental factors, the study underscores the promising impact of NLP interventions on cognitive development, particularly among older students. As a cost-effective technique, NLP can be implemented with minimal resources, increasing accessibility even in resource-constrained environments.

Physical Education and Sports for enhancing professional life of engineering students – An initiative towards implementing National Education Policy in Engineering Education

Engineers today need not only intellectual abilities but also physical fitness and proper health which is defined by World Health Organization as the combination of Physical, Mental and Social Wellbeing. In this connection, we made an initiative of introducing Sports and Games as a mandatory course for students. The students of 3rd B.Tech have undergone the course for duration of 3 months and the outcomes of the course were assessed through a customized questionnaire which also accepted suggestions from the students for students pursuing engineering education. The experiment revealed fruitful outcomes in the form of benefits which the students gained by active participation in theory and practical classes. Qualities such as motivation, leadership, concentration, teamwork, relaxation, stress management etc. were found to be developed among the students and the students have expressed the support gained for their professional growth through this course. The academics of students were also taken into consideration which explained that the academics were nowhere disturbed due to participation in physical education and sports activities. Key Words: Life skills, Virtues, extra-curricular, cocurricular.

An examination of the link between organizational culture and strategy formulation in a selection of Iraqi private universities

This study aims to investigate the connection between organizational culture and strategy formulation in several private colleges in Iraq, as organizational culture is a major factor in the success or failure of organizations, and it is a crucial element in organizational transformulation and growth, which is a characteristic of the modern age. This research seeks to explore the significance of organizational culture by looking at its resurgence, its cultural makeup, and the dimensions of strategy formulation in universities and private colleges. It will then examine the connection between organizational culture and strategy formulation among the study sample. The hypothesis is that there is no meaningful relationship between organizational culture and strategy formulation. The research sample of (100) lecturers from (10) private universities and colleges was surveyed using a questionnaire to assess the interest in organizational culture in the educational community. The results revealed that there is a relative interest in the culture, but it is not given an important role in formulating the strategy. It was suggested that mental and intellectual abilities and experiences should be harnessed through dialogue and direct training to transform them into a powerful tool for formulating educational strategy.

СОЦИАЛЬНЫЕ ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНИЯ ОБ ИСКУССТВЕННОМ ИНТЕЛЛЕКТЕ: ПОЛЕЗНЫЙ, ЭМОЦИОНАЛЬНЫЙ И СМЕШНОЙ

In 2023, technologies based on Artificial Intelligence (AI) became available to many users of smartphones and digital services all over the world. AI is accessible in the form of Voice Assistants (VAs), music recommendations, Virtual Assistants, and even psychotherapy-bots. Such spread of AI also influenced the interest of psychologists in the topic of human-AI Interaction (HAII). In our work, following the tradition of social representation research by Moscovici [Moscovici 2015], we consider AI as an object of social representation. Using the VA as a form of AI, we reconstruct the semantic field of VA in a group of its users and offer a description of the process of its formation. The study took place in three stages: free associations, interviews, and survey. In the interview, the sample consisted of 15 people, in free associations – 168 people (3,329 associations with the phrase “Voice assistant” were analyzed), in the survey using the semantic differential method – 800 people. As a result of the thematic and frequency analysis, the following results were obtained: • The semantic field at the present stage of the study of VA is positiveneutral; the associations are divided into two topics: about the intellectual abilities and emotional qualities of the VA. • With semantic differential analysis, three factors were separately obtained: usefulness, emotionality, and humor. It is assumed that it is in the category of those three factors that the perception of a particular VA is formed. • The process of forming social representations is outlined with the help of interviews. Two main stages in “communication” with the VA were identified: the image formation and interaction with the finished image. As future research it was proposed to continue studying the impact of the image of the VA within the current perception model on various features of interaction with it (e.g. within the framework of economic decisions)

The Janus Face of Cosmopolitics in advance

Scholars in multispecies ethnography, the ontological turn, new materialisms, science and technology studies (STS), assemblage urbanism and other movements within the posthumanities broadly considered often treat cosmopolitics, initially proposed by Isabelle Stengers and subsequently taken up by Bruno Latour, as a single coherent concept. However, Stengers’s cosmopolitics differs considerably from Latour’s. The difference is most clearly visible in their contrasting positions on the concept of universality. Even though their divergence on universality could be considered a minor philosophical dispute among intellectual allies, it should not be underestimated. It determines what sort of political practice each of these philosophers envisions with cosmopolitics. Their visions of political practice are substantially different. This article will examine Latour’s and Stengers’s diverging positions on universality, delineate the two types of cosmopolitics, and, finally, analyze what sort of political practice each of these cosmopolitics implies.

К вопросу о роли великого князя Александра Михайловича в зарождении отечественных военно-воздушных сил

Introduction. The article is devoted to the analysis of the contribution of Grand Duke Alexander Mikhailovich to the birth of the Russian Air Force. The authors emphasize that despite the concealment or minimization of the role of this outstanding statesman in Soviet historiography, he was able to achieve the most important task for the defense capability of the Russian Empire – the creation of his own aviation and the system of training aviation specialists, thanks to his personal abilities and perseverance. The relevance of the published materials is determined both in general to the history of the emergence and the first years of the development of domestic aviation, and to the imperial house of the Romanovs, in particular. Materials and methods. Thanks to the analysis of special scientific literature, as well as periodicals of the early 20th century, it was possible to conclude that Grand Duke Alexander Mikhailovich made a great personal contribution to the development of Russian military aviation. This was facilitated by the use of the historical-genetic method, which allows us to consider the early stage of the history of the Air Force of our country. Results. Like most other representatives of the Romanov dynasty who did not occupy the throne, Alexander Mikhailovich devoted his life to serving for the good of the Fatherland. His military education and love of the sea attracted the young Grand Duke to serve in the Navy. Intellectual and creative abilities allowed him to make a number of discoveries, as well as leave behind several scientific studies in the field of navigation and shipping. However, the Grand Duke made a genuine contribution at the state level to the birth of military aviation, being carried away abroad by a new type of transport. Having correctly realized the role of the Air Force in protecting state borders, for a number of years, through his multifaceted activities, he led the country to create its own Military Air Fleet. Conclusion. To date, there is no doubt about the significant contribution of Grand Duke Alexander Mikhailovich to the birth of the Russian Air Force, which was recognized, including officially, at the state level in 2012.

SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE IMAGINATION OF HAPPINESS IN WOMEN

Psychological diagnostics is one of new scientific directions and has practical advantage to a society. For today use of methods of psychological diagnostics in educational process is an actual problem. Because by means of psycho diagnostics it is possible to reveal intellectual and personal abilities of the person, and also influence socially-psychological factors on it and, to that the husband very powerful preventive tool. The main objective of the given grant is to teach students the basic directions of psychology and use scientifically research methods in practical activities. Not looking at that given manual has practical character of application, theoretical knowledge in it is enough. This article states that, the importance of socio-psychological aspects of the imagination of happiness in women.

Crocin nano-chitosan-coated compound improves anxiety disorders, learning, and spatial memory in Alzheimer's model induced by beta-amyloid in rats.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that results in the gradual breakdown of brain tissue, causing the deterioration of intellectual function and ability. Crocin is a saffron carotenoid compound proven to have excellent neuroprotective and anti-inflammation properties, although it has some limitations such as low stability and bioavailability. Therefore, in the current research, we tried to improve these limitations by using nanotechnology and chitosan as the carrier. Our study examined the therapeutic effects of crocin nano-chitosan-coated compound and compared it with intact crocin in lower dosages than other studies in AD rat models. Encapsulating crocin into chitosan nanoparticles was done through a modified technique to improve its limitations. The AD rat model was induced by bilaterally injecting beta-amyloid (Aβ) peptide into the frontal lobe using a stereotaxic device. To evaluate memory, we conducted the Barnes maze test, and to evaluate anxiety, we used the elevated plus maze test. Also, histological tests were conducted to evaluate neuronal damage in each group. Crocin nano-chitosan-coated administration significantly improved specific memory indicators compared to the Aβ and other treated groups. A significant decrease in anxiety indicators was detected compared to the Aβ and other treated groups. Finally, the results of hippocampus staining indicated a meaningful difference between the Aβ group and other treated groups, compared to the crocin nano-chitosan-coated group. Treatment with low dosages of crocin in the nano-coated form exhibited great efficacy in reducing AD's adverse effects compared to the same dosage of intact crocin.

Verbalization of the concept of human intellect in the linguistic picture of the world

Verbalization of the concept of human intellect in the linguistic picture of the world

Computational Intelligence for Solving Contemporary Problems

The special issue contains research papers elaborating advancements in computational intelligence. Computational intelligence mimics the extraordinary capacity of the human intellect to assert and understand in an environment of uncertainty and imprecision. Computational intelligence is new-age multidisciplinary artificial intelligence. The main goal of computational intelligence is to develop intelligent systems to solve real-world problems that are not modelled or too hard to model mathematically.

Ю. М. Лотман об интеллекте, тексте и семиосфере

The widely known works of Yuri Mikhailovich Lotman can be analyzed as the threshold of postmodernism. They provide an indepth analysis of the terminological apparatus on which the post-structuralist practice of analyzing speech practices and textual dependence of culture, history and philosophy of our contemporary is based. Lotman's syncretic analysis of history, culture and text, proposed in a certain sense, allowed us to look at these phenomena in a new way and lay the foundation for a fundamental new dialogue with the past states of culture and society. Lotman's special and constant attention to the practical human intellect became the basis for a holistic vision of the problems of the future and the role of intelligence in them.

Artificial intelligence application in education: A systematic study

Artificial intelligence technology has become widely used in many industries, including healthcare, agriculture, banking, social security, and home furnishings, due to the rise and development of this discipline. One of the newest areas of technology in the education industry is AI in Education, where extensive research supports instructional procedures. Artificial intelligence can analyze human data using feature engineering or feature learning, handling data irrespective of a specific model. Education is a crucial component of the evolution of civilization, encompassing methodology, substance, concepts, and models. Engineers can design, build, and enhance artificial intelligence systems that mimic human intellect and possess intelligence akin to the human brain using basic AI algorithms. This paper aims to provide an overview of AI applications in higher education institutions. The use of AI in education has significantly transformed educational standards. To prepare individuals for a future driven by AI, the study examines various AI applications, emphasizing the critical role that public institutions play in supporting AI skills development, forming alliances, and sponsoring academic achievements.

Smart Shoe Electricity Generation via Piezo-electric Transducers

Smart Shoe, also referred to as intelligent wearable footwear, has become increasingly popular. In recent times, the primary concern has been the challenges associated with generating electricity, largely stemming from the excessive use of existing resources. The need for power is growing more and more with each passing day. With the continuous advancements in technology and the utilization of sophisticated methods, wearable devices have been developed to generate electricity. Our research aims to produce renewable energy from the environment without any associated costs or negative impact on the environment. This objective can be accomplished through the utilization of Smart Shoes. The intelligent footwear has the capability to generate electricity, making it a highly effective solution. Our proposed system utilizes piezoelectric transducers to convert the mechanical foot pressure exerted by humans into electrical energy. This energy can then be harnessed to charge various devices that are commonly used in our daily commercial activities, such as smartphones. This type of technology is widely used for fall detections, posture monitoring, foot progression, angle monitoring, human activity recognition and these are all rely on the intellectual ability of shoe. Wearing a ‘Smart Shoe’ represents a minor advancement towards a more intelligent future.

Analytical assessment of the machinery use efficiency in the technology of crop products production

The crop growing industry focuses, first of all, on highly productive and efficient machinery that meets all modern requirements of agricultural production. This machinery can significantly increase the productivity of agricultural labor and create comfortable working conditions. Digital transformation and digitalization of crop production requires introducing highly intelligent machinery and technologies for crop cultivation into the agro-industrial complex, which, in turn, necessitates requirements for the growth of intellectual abilities of agricultural workers. The current prices for modern machinery and technologies are very high; for many enterprises it is not possible to purchase them, therefore the relevance of state support from federal sources is very necessary. There is a negative trend in the numerical reduction of machinery in the region under study, as a result of which there is an increase in the specific load per unit of machinery, and that leads to accelerated wear. As a result, production volumes in crop growing are being reduced. Calculations show that the degree of exploitation of the combine harvester fleet in the region is slightly higher than that of the tractor fleet, so these trends should be taken into account in the process of planning the volume of investments for their acquisition.

Analytical Study On Opportunities and Challenges for Empowerment of Rural Girls through Higher Education

Education is a fundamental right for every individual, regardless of gender. However, in India, girls have long been denied this right due to societal norms and prejudices. As the rapid development happened in the industrial sector also affecting on the education sector in terms of skilled manpower requirement. But the accessibility of the education is not easy for everyone, at the same time the higher education is still dream of the many girls in rural areas. Education plays a vital role in development of a country. Education is also significant in terms of the development of individual’s level of intellectual ability which in turn elevates chances of employability. 231 dropouts and 154 currently studying rural female students were considered for the study in the Prayagraj district’s rural areas. The study has revealed, that number institutions in the rural areas are comparatively less with urban area. In addition to this larger portion of the rural family have mindset in educating their children based on their genders. Most of the times male have been encouraged to pursue their education compared to female. The poor financial condition again playing a crucial role which restricts them to pursue their higher education in rural areas. Awareness about the opportunities from the higher education is comparatively less in the rural areas in parents and the potential candidates of the higher education. To reach education destination aren’t at acceptable condition in terms safety and frequency of the public transport vehicles. The present study focuses on challenges faced by rural girl students in the rural areas to pursue their higher education.

Beyond Boundaries: Harnessing Unique Intellectual Abilities through Inclusive Engineering Education

The foundational belief that everyone has the potential to contribute to engineering underpins this examination of diversity and inclusion within engineering education. Special attention is given to individuals with disabilities, whose potential for driving innovation is often overlooked. This paper delves into strategies aimed at enhancing diversity and inclusion, with a particular emphasis on supporting disabled individuals in the engineering educational landscape. It is posited that overcoming the social, infrastructural and attitudinal barriers encountered by disabled individuals is crucial for their full participation in engineering education and the profession. Advocacy for a paradigm shift towards a more inclusive and equitable engineering education ecosystem is strong, highlighting the need to recognize and utilize the potential contributions of disabled individuals. Discussions include the adoption of universal design principles in educational environments, the initiation of targeted outreach efforts and the establishment of support structures tailored to the unique needs of disabled students and staff. These recommendations are supported by an analysis of existing literature, personal narratives and case studies, which collectively underscore the importance of dismantling barriers to participation and success. By emphasizing the untapped potential of disabled individuals as a source of creativity and innovation, the paper contributes to the broader discourse on diversity and inclusion in STEM fields. It calls for a unified approach among educators, policymakers and industry leaders to acknowledge and harness this potential, thereby enriching and advancing the engineering discipline.

Aspects of motor functioning of blind and visually impaired children - the importance of somatopedic treatment

Introduction. Given that vision significantly influences motor function, particularly in the execution of voluntary movements, this study aimed to determine whether targeted somatopedic training could enhance certain motor aspects in visually impaired children. The study focuses on the following components: coordination, balance, manipulative dexterity, and walking. Material and Methods. The sample comprised 60 children from three schools: the Primary School for Vision Protection ?Dragan Kovacevic? in Belgrade, the School for Visually Impaired Children ?Veljko Ramadanovic? in Zemun, and the Elementary School ?Djordje Krstic? in Belgrade. The experimental group included children aged 6-15 years with visual impairments, average intellectual abilities, and normal neurological and psychological status. The control group was matched by number, gender, and age, consisting of students from regular schools. We assessed motor functioning using tests for hand manipulative skills, coordination of upper and lower extremities, and body balance while walking and standing. Results. Statistically significant differences were observed between the experimental and control groups in all examined subtests: manipulative dexterity (p=0.006); coordination of upper extremities (p=0.029); coordination of upper and lower extremities (p=0.005); maintaining balance during walking (p=0.002); maintaining balance while standing (p=0.024), and walking (p=0.010). Conclusion. The results clearly indicate the importance of somatopedic treatment in improving motor functions of blind and visually impaired children.

Use of clinical simulators and development of professional skills in dental students: systematic review

With the advancement of new technologies and teaching methods, dental schools face significant challenges in reorganizing their educational processes. This requires the incorporation of pedagogical systems that enhance the intellectual abilities of students, allowing them to respond effectively to the demands of society. The objective of this review was to analyze the impact of the use of clinical simulators on the development of professional skills in dental students. A systematic review was carried out using the Scielo, Lilacs and Redalyc databases. The search focused on studies related to the variables: simulators, learning, skills, students and dentistry. From the analysis of the content of the selected articles, three main themes were identified: the importance of the use of dental simulators, the development of skills in simulated environments, and the types of clinical simulators used in the training of dental students. The use of simulators in dental training is essential to improve clinical practice safely. These devices allow students to fine-tune their motor skills and develop a high level of confidence, which is crucial for performing procedures on real patients in their future professional practice

Modern trends in teaching Business English

In the modern world, professionally oriented English language training in business is becoming increasingly in demand. The development of cognitive skills, innovative and effective approaches to learning, as well as the development of critical thinking, analytical and independent problem-solving abilities are becoming key to the requirements of modern employers. The relevance of the study is due to the need to develop students’ professional competencies that meet modern labor market requirements. The scope of the study is the analysis of current trends in the field of teaching English in business, as well as the identification of the most effective methods that promote the development of critical thinking, analytical abilities and the ability to independently solve problems. The objectives of the study are to analyze existing approaches to teaching English in business, identifying their strengths and weaknesses, as well as recommendations for optimizing the learning process taking into account modern requirements for professional skills. The purpose of the study is to identify optimal methods and approaches to teaching English that contribute to the development of professional skills and competencies. As a result of the study, optimal approaches to teaching English in business were identified that promote the development of cognitive skills, critical thinking, analytical abilities and the ability to independently solve problems. The main research finding in this area is that effective teaching of English in business should focus on developing not only language skills, but also the cognitive and intellectual abilities of students.