Integrated Model Of Trust Research Articles

The Role of Personality in the Perception of a Trustee’s Trustworthiness: An Empirical Examination

While previous research has shown that trust in leaders is strongly influenced by the person-ality of the trustor, the relationship between a trustee’s personality and interpersonal trust perceived by the trustor is almost entirely unexplored. This study addresses this research gap by analyzing how a trustee's personality and leadership behavior impact his/her perceived trustworthiness. For this investigation, the HEXACO model of personality, effective leadership behavior and the inte-grative model of trust are combined for the first time. Based on original survey data of 258 partici-pants, multivariate regressions and structural equation modeling is conducted. The study contributes to the research field by identifying that a leader’s personality and leadership behavior explain how a trustor perceives trustworthiness. The results emphasize that personality also partially impacts the leader’s observed trustworthiness. While the perception that a leader is honest, humble and agreea-ble leads to higher perceived trustworthiness, leaders seen as very emotional are less likely to be evaluated as trustworthy. The results also show that leadership behavior partially impacts perceived trustworthiness. In addition, the supervisor’s personality, especially honesty and humility, favors the perception of the person as an effective manager. Moreover, results show that when leaders are seen as trustworthy, this partially lowers the employee’s perceptions of work stress.

An integrative model of trust toward crypto-tokens applications: A customer perspective approach

Trust is a key driver of consumers' acceptance and adoption of innovations. The purpose of the paper is to explore and understand the factors that facilitate the creation of trust in crypto-tokens decentralized applications (DApp) from the perspective of the consumer. A qualitative research design has been used and forty-five participants were interviewed for the study. Based on a theory-driven approach of qualitative data analysis, a multidimensional, holistic conceptual framework of trust has been proposed. The model captures the core categories that affect consumer's trust toward crypto-tokens applications. It highlights the need to understand the individual, technological, environmental and use-case features which shape the way blockchain-based applications can be trusted. The framework can be used by policymakers, educators, exchange platforms, DApp developers, and entrepreneurs to develop strategies that cultivate on the drivers of trust, and create value with crypto-tokens and Web3.0 economies. Higher trust ultimately promotes acceptance and adoption of blockchain applications.

Sustained Participation in Open Source Software Project Communities

ABSTRACT Sustained participation is critical for the viability of open source software (OSS) project communities (OSSPCs), and this paper explores how sustained participation is maintained in viable OSSPCs. With the lens of the integrative model of trust (IMoT), hypotheses regarding interactions between trust and community citizenship behaviors (CCBs – as OSSPC participating activities) are developed. Both a qualitative study and a quantitative study are conducted, and data analysis confirms both the Trust→CCBs and the CCBs→Trust hypotheses along the time dimension, revealing CCBs-Trust interactions as a mechanism for maintaining sustained community participation. Further, while it is found that CCBs have an accumulative overall positive impact on trust, alternating positive and negative impacts of CCBs on trust over time are identified. In addition, a delayed impact is also identified in the Trust→CCBs relationship. These findings are explained from several theoretical perspectives, which provide directions for future research and help community management to maintain sustained participation.

(Honesty-)Humility and the ABI-Model of Trust – a Theoretical Integration

Building on the integrative model of trust and the HEXACO personality model, this paper aims to provide a theoretical framework that integrates trust with humility focused personality research. For...

Trust in Virtual Teams: A Multidisciplinary Review and Integration

Organizations have increasingly turned to the use of virtual teams (VTs) to tackle the complex nature of today’s organizational issues. To address these practical needs, VTs researchers from different disciplines have begun to amass a large literature. However, the changing workplace that is becoming so reliant on VTs comes with its own set of management challenges, which are not sufficiently addressed by current research on VTs. Paradoxically, despite the challenges associated with technology in terms of its disruption to trust development in VTs, trust is one of the most promising solutions for overcoming myriad problems. Though the extant literature includes an abundance of studies on trust in VTs, a comprehensive multidisciplinary review and synthesis is lacking. Addressing this gap, we present a systematic theoretical review of 124 articles from the disparate, multidisciplinary literature on trust in VTs. We use the review to develop an integrated model of trust in VTs. Based on our review, we provide theoretical insights into the relationship between virtuality and team trust, and highlight several critical suggestions for moving this literature forward to meet the needs of workplaces of the future, namely: better insight into how trust evolves alongside the team’s evolution, clarity about how to adequately conceptualize and operationalize virtuality, and greater understanding about how trust might develop differently across diverse types of virtual contexts with various technology usages. We conclude with guidelines for managing VTs in the future workplace, which is increasingly driven and affected by changing technologies, and highlight important trends to consider.
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Trust and distrust in information systems at the workplace.

Digitalization of work processes is advancing, and this is increasingly supported by complex information systems (IS). However, whether such systems are used by employees largely depends on users’ trust in these IS. Because there are few systematic studies on this topic, this research provides an initial exploration and validation of preconditions for trust in work-related IS. In Study 1, N = 30 professionals were asked to describe occupational incidents in which they had highly trusted or distrusted an IS. Content analysis of 111 critical incidents described in the in-depth interviews led to 12 predictors of trust and distrust in IS, which partly correspond to the structure of the established IS success model (Delone & McLean, 2003) but also exceed this structure. The resulting integrative model of trust in IS at work was validated in Study 2 using an online questionnaire with N = 179 professionals. Based on regression analyses, reliability (system quality) and credibility (information quality) of IS were identified as the most important predictors for both trust and distrust in IS at work. Contrasting analyses revealed diverging qualities of trust and distrust in IS : whereas well-being and performance were rated higher in trust events, experienced strain was rated higher in distrust events. Together, this study offers a first comprehensive model of trust in IS at work based on systematic empirical research. In addition to implications for theory advancement, we suggest practical implications for how to support trust and to avoid distrust in IS at work.

The Effect of Innovative Behavior on Superior Trust - Focused on Moderating Effect of Job Characteristics -

본 연구는 혁신행동의 증진방안을 신뢰관점에서 살펴보았다. Mayer et al.(1995)의 신뢰통합 모형에 의하면, 신뢰는 신뢰객체의 신뢰성에 기반하여 형성되고, 형성된 신뢰는 다시 주어진 조건 하에서 신뢰행동으로 발현된다. 본 연구는 이런 신뢰통합모형에 기반하여, 상사의 신뢰성, 상사신뢰, 위험감수행동으로서 혁신행동 간 관계를 살펴보았다. 나아가, 본 연구는 상사신뢰와 혁신행동 간 관계에서 직무특성의 조절효과도 살펴보았다. 이의 실증연구를 위해, 설문을 통해 현재 기업(조직)에 근무 중인 255명으로부터 자료를 수집하였으며, 위계적 회귀분석을 통해서 가설검증을 실시하였다. 분석결과, 신뢰성 하위세 차원, 능력, 배려성, 성실성 모두 상사신뢰에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 상사신뢰는 혁신행동에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 이들 관계는 직무특성 중에서 다양성과 상호의존성에 의해서 조절되는 것으로 나타났다.We explore the way to increase employees’ innovative behavior from the perspective of trust research. According to Mayer et al.’s (1995) integrated trust model, trustor’s trust develops on the base of trustee’s trustworthiness, and the developed trust influence trustor’s risk-taking behavior. On the base of this trust model, we investigated the relationship between supervisor’ trustworthiness, trust in supervisor, and innovative behavior. Furthermore, we also investigated the moderating effects of job characteristics on the relationship between trust in supervisor and innovative behavior. For the empirical test, we collected survey data from 255 employees and conducted hierarchical regression analysis. The results show that all the sub-dimensions of trustworthiness, that is, ability, benevolence had significant effects on trust in supervisor and trust in supervisor again influenced on innovative behavior. Variety and interdependence among the three job characteristics moderated the relationship between trust in supervisor and innovative behavior.

An integrative model of trust and leadership

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the interplay between different streams of trust and leadership and their impact on motivation and performance. The model answers recent calls for a better understanding of underlying mechanisms in these interactions.Design/methodology/approachThe authors drew from contemporary leadership and trust theories to develop ten propositions teasing out how specific person- and role-oriented leadership behaviors interact with calculus-, identification-, knowledge-based trust, motivation, and performance.FindingsThe model accentuates the complexity of the interactions between trust, leadership, and follower outcomes. It guides future empirical research to unravel these intricate relations and accentuates their complexity.Research limitations/implicationsThe ten propositions act as guidelines in mastering the complex art of leadership by understanding how behaviors affect followers. An important limitation originates in the detailed analysis of leadership and trust. Focusing on specific leadership behaviors and trust types leaves further scope for future research into additional behaviors and cofounding variables to arrive at a more holistic picture of the underlying mechanisms that make or break an effective leader.Originality/valueContemporary theories on leadership and trust frequently view the different streams as overall constructs in lieu of multi-faceted phenomena. The model is a first of its kind in that it fuses contemporary leadership and trust theory to develop a set of propositions based on specific interactions between leadership behaviors and different forms of trust.

Trust Formation in Management Accountants by Managers A Comparison of Men and Women

The formation of trust between managers and the management accountants who work for them is examined on the basis of the integrative model of trust devised by Mayer/Davis/Schoorman (1995). Particular consideration is given to the question of whether there are differences between male and female managers in the formation of trust. The study evaluates the answers provided by 446 managers predominantly from the first and second levels of management of German companies. The most important factors in the formation of trust are the perceived abilities and integrity of the management accountants. A group test allows differences in the formation of trust that depend on the manager's gender to be explored. In the female managers trust formation, for example, their propensity to trust, their educational background, the level they are at in the hierarchy and the size of the company have a stronger influence them than is the case among male colleagues. By contrast, the management accountant's gender has virtually no influence on the formation of trust in the interaction between a manager and a management accountant.

Trust Maintenance and Trust Repair

As an important social capital, construction and development of initial trust have been paid much attention. Trust violation, as a significant phenomenon, also begins to absorb many concerns. Studies of trust repair started late, and focused on sociology for analyzing trust crises during the social transition period in China, but seldom cared about individual and organizational levels. This paper, based on perspective of psychology, summarizes the definition, theoretical foundation and integrative model of trust, and discusses the trust violation, repair processes, repair strategies, the attribution model and dynamic bilateral model of trust repair, providing convenience for research in the individual or organizational level of trust repair.

A trust model for online peer-to-peer lending: a lender’s perspective

Online peer-to-peer (P2P) lending is a new but essential financing method for small and micro enterprises that is conducted on the Internet and excludes the involvement of collateral and financial institutions. To tackle the inherent risk of this new financing method, trust must be cultivated. Based on trust theories, the present study develops an integrated trust model specifically for the online P2P lending context, to better understand the critical factors that drive lenders' trust. The model is empirically tested using surveyed data from 785 online lenders of PPDai, the first and largest online P2P platform in China. The results show that both trust in borrowers and trust in intermediaries are significant factors influencing lenders' lending intention. However, trust in borrowers is more critical, and not only directly nurtures lenders' lending intention more efficiently than trust in intermediaries, but also carries the impact of trust in intermediaries on lenders' lending intention. To develop lenders' trust, borrowers should provide high-quality information for their loan requests and intermediaries should provide high-quality services and sufficient security protection. The findings provide valuable insights for both borrowers and intermediaries.

The Importance of Being Trustworthy

In this study, the authors examined the relationship between leader behaviors and subordinate job satisfaction by adopting the theoretical perspective of the integrative model of trust. The authors hypothesized that one’s trust in their supervisor mediates the relationships of procedural and informational justice and transformational leadership behavior with subordinate job satisfaction. Results from a field sample suggest that trust fully mediates the effects of procedural and informational fairness and transformational leadership on employee job satisfaction. The implications for practice and potential areas of future research are also discussed.

Trust Based Routing for Misbehavior Detection in Ad Hoc Networks

Node misbehavior due to selfish or malicious intention could significantly degrade the performance of MANET because most existing routing protocols in MANET are aiming at finding most efficiency path. To deal with misbehavior in MANET, an incentive mechanism should be integrated into routing decision-making. In this paper firstly we review existing techniques for secure routing, and then propose to use trust vector model based routing protocols. Each node would evaluate its own trust vector parameters about neighbors through monitoring neighbors’ pattern of traffic in network. At the same time, trust dynamics is included in term of robustness. Then we integrated trust model into Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) and Ad-hoc On Demand Distance Vector (AODV) which are most typical routing protocols in MANET. We evaluate the performance of those trust routing protocols by compar ing the simulation results of with and without the proposed trust mechanism . The simulation results demonstrate that modified routing protocols can effectively detect malicious nodes and mitigate their attacks.

An integrative model of trust on IT outsourcing: Examining a bilateral perspective

Trust has been considered a central aspect of successful IT outsourcing. Although a great deal of interest in trust has been described, there are very few theoretical models in the IT outsourcing literature to explain mutual trust, its role, and its impact in IT outsourcing. This study proposes a trust-based relationship research model to assess the perceived IT outsourcing success in terms of (1) mutual trust with its temporal dimension of initial trust and initial distrust, and (2) knowledge sharing with the moderating effect of mutual dependency. This model was then validated and applied in a study involving organizations in Korea. The data was collected and analyzed to understand initial trust, initial distrust, knowledge sharing, and mutual dependency as contributing factors to success in IT outsourcing. The results show that mutual trust between the service receiver and provider is very important for knowledge sharing and outsourcing success, and is affected by the initial perception to each other's partner at the beginning of the outsourcing process. Interestingly, this study also shows that initial trust is considered a significant factor in the perception of mutual trust from the service receiver's perspective, but not from the service provider's viewpoint. The results help extend our understanding of critical success factors in outsourcing success and of different standpoints between the service receiver and provider.

Trust in leadership: A multi-level review and integration

Leaders have been argued to play a key role in determining organizational effectiveness across all levels (e.g., individual, team, unit) that exist within organizations. A key component in a leader's ability to be effective within such environments is the degree to which subordinates and co-workers trust him/her. Therefore, it is not surprising that researchers and practitioners alike are interested in identifying the mechanisms through which trust in leadership can be developed as well as those factors which moderate this relationship [e.g., Gillespie, N. A., Mann, L. (2004). Transformational leadership and shared values: The building blocks of trust. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 19, 588–607; Kouzes and Posner, 1995; Roberts, K. H., O'Reilly, C. A. (1974). Failures in upward communication in organizations: Three possible culprits. Academy of Management Journal, 17, 205–215; Whitener, E. M. (1997). The impact of human resource activities on employee trust. Human Resource Management Review, 7, 389–404]. Despite this, research that has addressed the factors that foster trust in leaders and the outcomes of this trust has been disjointed and, as yet, no comprehensive model has been presented to systematically examine these factors. Therefore, the purpose of this article will be to present an integrative model of trust in leadership.

Why don't I trust you now? An attributional approach to erosion of trust

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of the trustor's responsibility‐attributions for a trust violation and the trustee's frequency of prior violations on the subsequent erosion of trust in the relationship.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 120 middle‐senior level managers using a two‐part scenario‐based experimental design to test the impact of attributions and frequency of violations. Respondents' levels of trust and distrust were measured pre‐ and post‐violation as well as forgiving and a range of demographic variables.FindingsResults showed that trust eroded (and distrust increased) more when trustors perceived the trustees as not wanting to fulfill the trust‐expectations than when they could not do so. Further, trustors were willing to tolerate a maximum of two violations before trust in the relationship eroded significantly. The results also showed that trustors who were relatively more forgiving were less likely to lose trust in the trustee after a violation, as were younger and less experienced individuals.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough scenario‐based experiments assess the cognitive states of the respondents rather than actual behaviors, they serve as a valuable first step. By highlighting the two‐step sequence that may underlie the trust erosion process and emphasizing the importance of using an attributional perspective, the paper invites future research on a range of factors such as patterns of violation, degrees of damage, etc. Collectively, they ought to lead to an integrated model of trust erosion.Practical implicationsFor practicing managers, the results underscore the importance of maintaining trust by constantly meeting expectations. While they may be forgiven for one‐time mistakes in maintaining trust, they cannot be repeated without severely damaging the trust in the relationship. Also, employees need to be convinced that the erring manager or colleague has done his/her very best to prevent the violation.Originality/valueThis paper addresses an under‐investigated facet of trust research in organizations – erosion of trust – which is especially crucial in light of the growing awareness that most organizational relationships actually start off with high levels of trust rather than low trust. Thus, this study offers insights into maintaining (as opposed to building) trust.

Prior Attitudes, Salient Value Similarity, and Dimensionality: Toward an Integrative Model of Trust in Risk Regulation1

Although it is widely recognized that trust plays an important role in people's responses to various risks, there is still considerable conceptual disagreement about the different aspects of trust. There are at least 3 different approaches to trust: (a) dimensional, (b) salient value similarity, and (c) associationist. Three British datasets on genetically modified food were used to test the plausibility of a causal model that integrates these approaches. It appears that value similarity can be predicted by a combination of prior attitudes and perceived attitudes of the other, and that value similarity precedes other important trust judgments. The study suggests that various risk‐relevant judgments are expressions of a more general attitude toward genetically modified food, and raises questions about the usefulness of detailed modelling.