Integration Of Complex Systems Research Articles

COMPARISON OF PLOT ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR DETERMINING EXCESSIVE WATER PRODUCTION MECHANISMS IN OIL WELLS

Watering of production wells is an important factor leading to a decrease in production profitability and an increase in costs. There are several main mechanisms of excess water inflow. These are a leak in the production casing; a violation of contact between the production casing and the rock; a formation of a bottom water cone; a raising the WOC surface to the perforation interval; a breakthrough through a layer with high permeability. Mechanisms can complement each other, forming a complex integrated system. To identify them, there are three groups of diagnostic methods — geophysical research, hydrodynamic well testing and plot analytical studies. Each of these fundamentally different groups can be supplemented by field research. Specifically in this work, we considered the latter. The analysis is carried out using the example of wells in one of the deposits of an oil field of the Arkhangelsk region. In which the causes of unwanted water production have already been studied by other methods and can be considered known. The studied reservoir is massive, with carbonate hydrophobic rocks and the reserves of the entire field are predominantly concentrated in it (97 %); the oil field (in terms of reserves) is small. There are no injection wells, operation is carried out in a natural elastic water drive mode. In the article, in total, three plot analytical methods are analyzed, which are among the main ones and have different application algorithms. Both the physical principles of their application and their effectiveness in relation to specific oil field are considered. These are the methods of K. Chan; L.I. Merkulova and A.A. Ginzburg; R. Novotny. The first studies the dependence of the water-oil ratio and its derivative on time (WOR and WOR’(t)), is the most widely known and has a large number of modifications (however, here they are not considered in detail). The second is based on the study of the so-called «water-cut characteristics» (representing the dependence of the accumulated oil production vs accumulated liquid production during the water period of operation). It has more restrictions, but is also more comprehensive. The third is based on a comparison of the permeability properties of reservoirs that change during operation.

Global Precipitation Experiment - A New World Climate Research Programme Lighthouse Activity

Abstract The future state of the global water cycle and prediction of freshwater availability for humans around the world remain among the challenges of climate research and are relevant to several United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. The Global Precipitation EXperiment (GPEX) takes on the challenge of improving the prediction of precipitation quantity, phase, timing and intensity, characteristics that are products of a complex integrated system. It will achieve this by leveraging existing World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) activities and community capabilities in satellite, surface-based, and airborne observations, modeling and experimental research, and by conducting new and focused activities. It was launched in October 2023 as a WCRP Lighthouse Activity. Here we present an overview of the GPEX Science Plan that articulates the primary science questions related to precipitation measurements, process understanding, model performance and improvements, and plans for capacity development. The central phase of GPEX is the WCRP Years of Precipitation for 2-3 years with coordinated global field campaigns focusing on different storm types (atmospheric rivers, mesoscale convective systems, monsoons, and tropical cyclones, among others) over different regions and seasons. Activities are planned over the three phases (before, during, and after the Years of Precipitation) spanning a decade. These include gridded data evaluation and development, advanced modeling, enhanced understanding of processes critical to precipitation, multi-scale prediction of precipitation events across scales, and capacity development. These activities will be further developed as part of the GPEX Implementation Plan.

Peran Sistem Informasi dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Audit Keuangan Pemerintah Daerah

This study aims to examine the role of Information Systems (SI) in improving the quality of audits of local government financial statements. Audit of local government financial statements is a critical process in evaluating public finances and ensuring the reliability of financial information and compliance with applicable regulations. In recent years, the use of SI has become an important factor in improving audit quality by strengthening the efficiency, effectiveness, and accuracy of the audit process. A review of the literature reveals that the use of SI in auditing local government financial statements provides significant benefits. First, automation of the audit process using SI replaces error-prone manual tasks, thereby increasing audit efficiency. Second, SI facilitates efficient data collection and analysis, allowing auditors to access more accurate and comprehensive financial information. Third, SI strengthens internal supervision through real-time monitoring of financial activities and early detection of risks or policy violations. Finally, SI also provides protection against the security and integrity of sensitive data in auditing practices. However, the use of SI in auditing local government financial statements is also faced with challenges. These challenges include limited resources, complexity of system integration, security of sensitive data, and the need for increased auditor competence in understanding and using SI effectively. Through this research, it is hoped that a deeper understanding of the role of SI in improving the quality of audits of local government financial statements can be obtained. The results of this study can provide practical guidance and recommendations for auditors and local governments in making optimal use of SI, as well as overcoming challenges that may arise. Thus, it is expected that the practice of auditing local government financial statements can be more effective, accurate, and transparent, as well as provide significant benefits in public financial management.

Enabling Applications of Electromagnetic Waves at 0.3-1.0 THz Using Silicon Electronic Integrated Circuits.

Over the past 15 years, the output power of silicon submillimeter-wave electronics has increased by a factor greater than 1000 reaching -3.9 dBm at 440 GHz for a single unit in CMOS and -10.7 dBm at 1.01 THz for a 42-element array in SiGe BiCMOS. The smallest power of a 1 kHz bandwidth signal at 420 GHz that can be detected has improved by 100 million times. These and the expected improvements from the ongoing activities should be sufficient to support high resolution imaging with a range of up to several hundred meters, gas sensing up to ∼1 THz, and communication over ∼1000 m. The silicon IC technologies enable integration of complex systems into a small form factor and reduction of manufacturing cost. When broad deployment of submillimeter wave systems for everyday life applications becomes necessary, the silicon IC infrastructure will be the most capable to support the high-volume manufacturing need.

Exploring Advanced Techniques in Multilevel Fusion Score Level for Enhanced Data Integration in Complex Systems

Exploring Advanced Techniques in Multilevel Fusion Score Level for Enhanced Data Integration in Complex Systems

The down to earth pole of understanding the complexity of life

This paper argues that the down-to-earth pole of the understanding of the complexity of life is made up by a threefold factor, namely the interplay of geology, microbiology, and evolution. It is such intertwining that provides the ground for life as we know it. This paper claims that the origins of life are contemporarily the origin of the biosphere as a living system. Dualism must be overcome at all costs; hence, there is not physics, say, geology on the one hand, and biology on the other hand. On the contrary, both make up a highly integrated complex system. The approach suggested in this paper conveys a phenomenological endeavor as a non-substantive comprehension of life and the living systems. Life, it can be safely said, is non-causal, and a self-organizing and autopoietic phenomenon. An evolutionary view of life implies hence after an open-ended understanding. At the end the paper explores the consequences of such a take.

Generation of material handling system alternatives: A constraints satisfaction problem approach

In the context of Industry 4.0, the design of efficient Material Handling Systems (MHS) plays a critical role in optimizing industrial operations and enhancing productivity. The integration of advanced technologies, automation, and complex systems has revolutionized industrial processes, emphasizing the need for defining coherent MHS alternatives prior to the deployment of a specific solution. This paper presents an integrated MHS alternative generation approach that combines MHE allocation, fleet sizing, and key performance indicator (KPI)-based evaluation to enhance MHS. The proposed approach deploys a Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP) framework, which defines the conditions that must be satisfied by the values assigned to the MHE allocation and fleet sizing variables. The constraints capture the physical and operational characteristics of MHE and MHS, ensuring that the generated alternatives adhere to the specific requirements and limitations of the system. Once a set of feasible MHS alternatives complying with various constraints is established, further assessments can be carried out to gauge the dynamic behavior of these systems using methods like Discrete Event Simulation. The paper emphasizes the importance of incorporating a broader range of data categories, such as layout constraints, product characteristics, and Industry 4.0 challenges, to enhance the effectiveness and accuracy of the MHS design process. To evaluate the generated alternatives, a set of KPIs is proposed, encompassing operational, economic, environmental, safety, and security aspects. These KPIs enable decision-makers to assess alternative performance across multiple metrics, aiding in the identification of relevant solutions aligned with company objectives. The incorporation of KPIs provides a pre-evaluation of MHS alternatives, streamlining subsequent simulation and multicriteria decision-making processes. This research acknowledges the importance of alternative generation as an integral part of the broader MHS design problem.

Providing a User Extensible Service-Enabled Multi-Fidelity Hybrid Cloud-Deployable SoS Test and Evaluation (T&E) Infrastructure: Application of Modeling and Simulation (M&S) as a Service (MSaaS)

Autonomous and AI-enabled systems present a challenge for integration within the System of Sys-tems (SoS) paradigm. A full system of systems (SoS) testbed is necessary to verify the integrity of a given system and preserve the modularization and accountability of its constituent systems. This integrated system needs to support iterative, continuous testing and development. This need war-rants the development of a virtual environment that provides the ground truth in a simulated sce-nario, interfaces with real-world data, and uses various domain-specific and domain-agnostic simulation systems for development, testing, and evaluation. These required features present a non-trivial challenge wherein constructive models and systems at different levels of fidelity need to interoperate to advance the testing, evaluation, and integration of complex systems. Such a virtual and constructive SoS architecture should be independent of the underlying computational infra-structure but must be cloud-enabled for wider integration of AI-enabled software components. This paper will present a modular Simulation, Experimentation, Analytics, and Test (SEAT) Lay-ered Architecture Framework, a 10-step methodology. This paper will also demonstrate a case study of a hybrid cloud-enabled simulation SoS that allows extensibility, composability, and de-ployability in different target environments.

Automotive Radar Modeling for Virtual Simulation Based on Mixture Density Network

Road safety is the fundamental purpose of advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS), and automotive Radar often plays a significant role in reliable environment perception. Therefore, as the complexity of system integration continues to increase, the development quality and speed become increasingly crucial. Nowadays, sensor virtualization helps expedite the development process. Since Radar must perform several measurements in a short period to resolve ambiguity, the resulting radar signal is multi-dimensional and data-intensive. Therefore, analyzing these signals and generating models from them are not an easy task. To overcome the challenges, we present a Radar model based on Mixture Density Network (MDN) to generate production sensor errors that exhibit varied input correlations. Meanwhile, the errors modify a specific object list of Radar during the virtualized sensing process. The results show that MDN networks can better express the uncertainty of sensor detection errors and can be generalized to a generic sensor model. Finally, the MDN-based radar model is integrated into a multi-body simulation virtual platform with an open simulation interface to validate its performance.

Impacts of Systems Thinking on Mission When Environmental Nonprofit Organizations Encounter the Complex Systems Problem of Homelessness.

The article examines how nonprofit organization staff navigate organizational mission as they encounter complex systems problems outside their area of expertise, focusing on environmental organizations encountering homelessness in river watersheds. Drawing on surveys from seventy-three individuals from forty-three organizations and interviews with seventeen nonprofit staff, I find that staff who demonstrate systems thinking are more likely to describe integrating complex systems problems into their mission and activities in meaningful ways. Not interacting with systems issues due to lack of skill is most often explained with language of mission adherence and avoiding mission drift.

Patagonian Ethnopedology and Its Role in Food Security: A Case Study of Rural Communities in Arid Environments of Argentina

Local knowledge of horticultural soils was analysed from an ethnobiological perspective in a rural population of arid Patagonian, in order to gain a deeper understanding of how the farmers classify, use and value the soil. In this large but sparsely populated territory, a group of 27 participants was selected. The farmers use an ethnoclassification system that distinguishes nine different soil types according to their horticultural aptitude. The classification criteria are based on the morphological attributes of the soil and certain ethnoindicators (i.e., texture, structure, colour and plant species present). All these aspects, evaluated within the framework of local symbolic and cultural precepts, proved to be key to the management of soils with pronounced edaphic and climatic limitations in terms of farming. Recognition of local knowledge and its contribution to dealing with current socioenvironmental challenges and crises may favour the design of more sustainable farming production in communities that are socio-environmentally vulnerable, considering the populations, soil, and culture as components of a complex integrated system, and not as isolated elements.

Design of outdoor LED ground display system in major scenes

AbstractLED ground display system, as an important outdoor display system in major scenes such as some international performance events or interactive display system, has brought spectacular and gorgeous artistic effect to the audience. According to the customized design and the effort we made, this world class super large‐scale outdoor display system has realized successfully at the beginning of the year 2022 in Beijing. This LED ground display system has many innovation in product design, control system design, and field implementation especially for the need of super high reliability, high environmental suitability, convenient installability, 4,500 m2 super large display area, very complex system integration, and long service time. This paper indicates the detail introduction of the ground display system, specially focuses on the high reliability product design, high display performance design, system reliability design, field implementation, and actual verification results of the semi‐circular display area on both sides of the stage. Meanwhile, some simulation technologies are used in this design related to optics, mechanics, and so on. Furthermore, under the special application environment, to ensure the reliability of the outdoor display system, a dynamic screen preheating method according to temperature change is proposed and proved effectively by practice.

Eddy Current Testing Methods and Design for Pipeline Inspection System: A Review

Non-destructive testing and complex systems integration are commonly used in transportation, aircraft, automotive, manufacturing, petrochemical, and defence. Eddy current testing (ECT) is a common non-destructive evaluation technique, especially in the coating, nuclear, and oil and gas industries. However, the eddy current testing method must continue to focus on the probe’s construction and application. It ascribed noisy data to inadequate detection and a severe false alarm problem. Nonetheless, only few academics have elaborated on the intelligent ECT crack detection method. This study provides an overview of the eddy current testing technique and the probe structure design elements that influence fracture detection accuracy. The first section describes the Eddy current testing by encircling coil system for a differential probe (ECDP) and an encircling coil for an absolute probe design (ECDP). The explanations focus mostly on the probe’s creation and detection in Rotating electromagnetic field eddy current (RoFEC). The advantages and disadvantages of eddy current testing surrounding probes are analysed. In addition, a summary of prior studies investigating testing samples of ferromagnetic pipe, steel rod, and wire rope is presented. The second segment focuses on Eddy current testing employing a Giant Magnetoresistance (GMR) sensor system, with a particular emphasis on sensor arrays, GMR, and conventional eddy current coils for crack identification. Finally, a comprehensive overview of eddy current testing methods and design for non-destructive pipeline inspection systems is presented.

Microservice-Oriented Architecture for Industry 4.0

Industry 4.0 (I4.0) is characterized by the integration of digital technologies into manufacturing processes and highlights new requirements for industrial systems such as greater interoperability, decentralization, modularization, and independence. The traditional hierarchical architecture of Industrial Automation Systems (IAS) does not fulfill these requirements and is evolving to incorporate information technologies in order to support I4.0 applications. The integration among these technologies, equipment, and systems at different industry levels requires a migration from the legacy vertical architecture to a flat architecture based on services. Service-oriented architecture (SOA) and, more recently, microservices play a critical role in I4.0 by providing a framework for integrating complex systems and meeting those requirements. This paper presents the development of a Microservice-Oriented Architecture for Industry 4.0 (MOAI), initially focused on evolving IAS to the I4.0. The objective is to describe the development, deployment, and testing of an IAS architecture based on microservices prepared for I4.0 applications. On the contrary to developing the whole software for the industrial SOA, the MOAI was developed on top of the Moleculer framework, which allowed focusing on creating services and applications for the automation and process control industry context. The development of several microservices and security mechanisms for the MOAI is presented, as is the deployment of IAS applications as services such as process control, SCADA, discrete automation, among others. The MOAI was implemented in a process control pilot plant for experimentation. Experimental results of the MOAI for IAS applications are investigated, the microservice communication performance is evaluated, and the pros and cons of microservices for I4.0 are discussed.

Special Issue “Thin Films and Nanostructures by MOCVD: Fabrication, Characterization and Applications—Volume II”

In our world dominated by global communications, data centers, travels and environmental concerns, there is an increasing need for the deposition of materials with competitive quality, thruput, and relatively low cost/impact, to be implemented in smart devices capable of integrating complex systems, such as the emerging Internet of Things (IoT) [...]

AMESH

Beginning in about 1990 and continuing into the present, an international network of researchers has developed and tested a methodology for integrating complex systems theories into sustainable development projects. Drawing on a theoretical understanding of complex systems and combining it with Checkland’s Soft Systems Methodology and best practices of community engagement drawn from a wide variety of sources, we have developed a methodology that is theoretically sound and practically effective. AMESH, an Adaptive Methodology for Ecosystem Sustainability and Health, has emerged from, and been tested in, Nepal, Kenya, Canada, and Peru.

Features of the tasks of identifying and observing groups of unmanned letter vehicles

The current trend towards increasing the efficiency of UAV use is the transition from their single use to group use. In accordance with this, when building a complex integrated system for detecting and monitoring UAVs, including various information channels, it is advisable to take into account the features of the system functioning associated with the detection of groups of UAVs.
 The article discusses the information, energy and search capabilities of individual detection tools being a part of the integrated UAV surveillance system in order to build an effective algorithm for joint processing of incoming input signals, taking into account various capabilities of individual channels (in terms of range, recognition, etc.).
 An optimal algorithm for detecting groups of UAVs in a complex integrated system combining detection decisions made in private channels is synthesized. According to the synthesized algorithm, complex processing consists in summing up the solutions of individual detectors with some weights determined by the quality of the decisions made in the channels. The quality of solutions, in turn, depends on the technical means used in the channels and the conditions of observation.
 A sequence for solving a set of interrelated tasks in a complex integrated UAV surveillance system as the group target approaches the protected object is proposed. The sequence includes the following operations: identification of a group target (energy detection); estimation of coordinates of a group of objects; spatial resolution and determination of the number of vehicles in a group; recognition (type determination) of each individual device; assessment of the coordinates of each aircraft separately; determination of the composition of the group (homogeneous, heterogeneous); determination of the specialization of the group and revealing the nature of its tasks.

МОТИВАЦІЙНЕ СПРЯМУВАННЯ У ПІДГОТОВЦІ МАЙБУТНІХ УЧИТЕЛІВ МУЗИКИ

The preservation of world culture, particularly in music, while developing a well-rounded individual is an increasingly pressing concern in modern humanistic thinking and pedagogical practice. The relevance of the publication is that the issue of forming professional staff in the field of culture and music, in particular, is of great importance in modern society. The topic of this publication is devoted to the problems of motivational orientation in the training of future music teachers. The purpose of this study is to provide an in-depth, multifaceted coverage of this phenomenon. This is the basis of both practical and theoretical significance of the study. In this work, the authors considered the sources that highlight the topics of selfeducation and increasing the level of work capacity of music teachers, the principle of awakening students’ motivation for professional self-realization in the field of musical art, the formation of the professional and psychological apparatus of future music teachers, etc. Based on the research findings of scholars of different countries, periods and directions in the field of studying the problems of modern music pedagogy in general, the publication develops in the form of a panorama picture (the form of a drawing-scheme, which is a manifestation of the author’s idea, the author’s development) providing an individual independent and integral concept of the phenomenon of motivational direction of future music teachers. The methods used to research the issue of motivational direction in the preparation of future music teachers include searching and collecting relevant sources, analyzing existing materials, compiling information and organizing it into categories (components or elements) of a complex integrated system, and summarizing key points about the analyzed phenomenon in a diagrammatic form. As a result of the analysis of materials that highlight the problem of motivational direction while training future music teachers, the leading categories (components) of this field as a holistic, multifaceted and voluminous system are presented. Each of them differs in its individual scale, content, characteristics and function. A hypothesis arose about the perspective of motivational direction in the training of future specialists, both in the field of music and any other sphere of life. Awakening students’ interest in the future profession not only makes the learning process successful, but also contributes to the realization of progressive humanistic ideas concerning humanity as a whole. The practical significance of this work lies in the need for research data provided by it for the modernization and expansion of modern pedagogical activities, in particular, in classes of Music. The value of the publication is also reflected in the prospects of the researched problem, as its ideas and conclusions can be applied by scholars further in the process of studying issues related to the topic of compiling and effective implementation of educational curricular in the field of music. Thus, the publication, on the one hand, considers different views on the problem of motivational direction of future music teachers, gives theses related to this area, and, on the other hand, notes the prospects for cultural and spiritual prosperity of society and its progress.

Digital innovation ecosystems in agri-food: design principles and organizational framework

CONTEXTDigital technologies nowadays play a major role in innovation within the agri-food domain. The evolution of IT systems has currently arrived at a level that involves complex systems integration and business ecosystems in which many stakeholders in different roles are involved. A new paradigm for digital innovation is needed that copes with this increased complexity. OBJECTIVEThis paper presents an empirically informed framework for analysing and designing viable, sustainable digital innovation ecosystems in the agri-food domain. METHODSThe research is based on a series of European large-scale public-private innovation projects from 2011 to 2021 with a total budget of 73 M€. They involved hundreds of stakeholders that were developing a large number of digital solutions through which a digital innovation ecosystem for agri-food was formed. In a longitudinal study, a conceptual framework was used to analyse these projects and describe how the digital innovation ecosystem has developed. Lessons learnt are translated into a number of design principles and an organizational approach to foster digital innovation ecosystems in agri-food. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONSThe conceptual framework consists of 6 key concepts: (i) innovation strategy, (ii) innovation organization, (iii) innovation network that contains (iv) the innovation process and (v) the innovation object and finally (vi) an innovation infrastructure. Along these 6 concepts, lessons learnt and in total 21 design principles are derived from analysing the projects forming a basis for the organizational framework. At the core of this framework is a lean multi-actor approach to trials and use case development interacting with a set of multidisciplinary activities: (i) developing a common technical collaboration infrastructure, (ii) identifying value streams with user engagement, (iii) engaging the right partners and stakeholders at the right time supported by strategic project planning and dynamic management. The most important conclusion is that effective, successful and quick use of appropriate IT in agri-food requires that actors should not be analysed in isolation from both their technological and business environment. Another consequence is that a ‘minimal viable ecosystem’ only emerges after considerable time, resources and ingenuity is invested and may require outside (government) intervention. SIGNIFICANCEResults from this paper can be used both by public and private stakeholders to diagnose and improve digital innovation projects and develop viable, sustainable digital innovation ecosystems in agri-food.

Imaging Informatics Fellowship Curriculum: Building Consensus on the Most Critical Topics and the Future of the Informatics Fellowship.

The existing fellowship imaging informatics curriculum, established in 2004, has not undergone formal revision since its inception and inaccurately reflects present-day radiology infrastructure. It insufficiently equips trainees for today's informatics challenges as current practices require an understanding of advanced informatics processes and more complex system integration. We sought to address this issuebysurveying imaging informatics fellowship program directors across the country to determine the components and cutline for essential topics in a standardized imaging informatics curriculum, the consensus on essential versus supplementary knowledge, and the factors individual programs may use to determine if a newly developed topic is an essential topic. We further identified typical program structural elements and sought fellowship director consensus on offering official graduate trainee certification to imaging informatics fellows. Here, we aim to provide an imaging informatics fellowship director consensus on topics considered essential while still providing a framework for informatics fellowship programs to customize their individual curricula.