Integration Of Facilities Research Articles

Identification of triangular single crystals of transition metal dichalcogenides based on the detection algorithm.

The distinctive properties and facile integration of 2D materials hold the potential to offer promising avenues for the on-chip photonic devices, and the expeditious and nondestructive identification and localization of diverse fundamental building blocks become key prerequisites. Here, we present a methodology grounded in digital image processing and deep learning, which effectively achieves the detection and precise localization of four monolayer-thick triangular single crystals of transition metal dichalcogenides with the mean average precision above 90%, and the approach demonstrates robust recognition capabilities across varied imaging conditions encompassing both white light and monochromatic light. This stands poised to serve as a potent data-driven tool enhancing the characterizing efficiency and holds the potential to expedite research initiatives and applications founded on the utilization of 2D materials.

Архитектура музейных комплексов в историческом контексте времени

This study, which focuses on the architecture of museum buildings, analyzes the methods of shaping facades, with consideration of its regional setting and geographic location. The authors emphasize that in current conditions the design of museum facilities becomes a key economic factor affecting the tourist attraction, which, in turn, facilitates economic development of the region. The article puts special emphasis on the integration of museum facilities into historical urban development, by giving the example of the cities of Rome, Vatican, New York, Bilbao, Marseille, Giza. It covers in detail the typical features of the architecture of museums that affect their space planning. By analyzing different museum sites, the authors identify both similarities and differences in architectural solutions and examine the impact of these solutions on visitors. The study also emphasizes the importance of the research for understanding the role of architecture in creating a unique and attractive environment of the museum space, as well as for developing strategies for further development of museum infrastructure considering current requirements and visitor expectations. The paper highlights the importance of innovative approaches to facade design, which not only gives museums a unique appearance, but also has a strong role in shaping its positive perception.

Comprehensive approach to rehabilitation of patients with COVID-19. (A literature review)

To analyze the work results of the rehabilitation units dealing with patients who have suffered from COVID-19, in order to summarize the used approaches to medical rehabilitation and improve the effectiveness of care delivery in the recovery phase. Currently, the rehabilitation system has been effectively rebuilt to meet new challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic. Recovery of patients with pronounced neurotic disorders has become a showing good results direction in rehabilitation. It is necessary to implement a tight integration of physical exercises and telerehabilitation facilities in order to effectively settle the main issues directly related to the treatment and recovery of patients with COVID-19 and other pathologies. The control, prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of other infectious diseases will have great prospects regarding the possibility of remote follow-up of patients and correction of their functional state of the body in the nearest future.

BEPU analysis of an Upgraded ICE facility test by TRACE/DAKOTA coupling

The Ingress of Coolant Event (ICE) in the plasma chamber is one of the safety issues in fusion nuclear plants. The best estimate thermal-hydraulic system codes adopted to perform deterministic safety analysis should be validated against the phenomena typical of accidental transients in fusion installations. TRACE (TRAC/RELAP Advanced Computational Engine), best estimate thermal-hydraulic system code developed by USNRC, has been adopted to simulate an ICE. The calculated results have been compared to the experimental data obtained in one test performed in the upgraded Integrated ICE facility at JAERI. In this updated configuration the pressure suppression system is connected to the top of the plasma chamber instead of the bottom of the vacuum vessel. The facility nodalization has been developed in the SNAP environment/architecture. To qualify the code and the nodalization, an accuracy evaluation has been performed both from a qualitative and quantitative point of view. Then, considering the presence of some uncertainties in the input-deck development, an uncertainty analysis has been carried out. The probabilistic method to propagate the input uncertainties has been selected and the analysis has been carried out with the DAKOTA toolkit coupled with TRACE code in SNAP. In the uncertainty analysis, some relevant statistical parameters have been considered to characterize the dispersion of the results and the correlation between the uncertain input parameters selected and the PC pressure chosen as figure of merit.

The Impact of the Use of Village Funds on Stunting Prevention Policies in Nagari Padang Lua, Agam Regency

This descriptive qualitative research examines the impact of village funds on stunting prevention policies in Nagari Padang Lua, Agam Regency. Data were collected from relevant agencies and parties in the village through interviews, observations, and documentation studies, then reduced to obtain accurate conclusions. The results show that the Nagari government has conducted stunting socialization, integrated healthcare center services for pregnant women and toddlers, and provision of the Supplementary Feeding Program (PMT) for toddlers. However, these programs have not been effective in preventing stunting due to the lack of involvement of pregnant women and parents of toddlers as the main targets, limited integrated healthcare center facilities and infrastructure, and low community participation and awareness.

Enhancing fire safety in underground mines: Experimental and large eddy simulation of temperature attenuation, gas evolution, and bifurcation influence for improved emergency response

The occurrence of underground mine fires remains a significant and persistent safety challenge in the mining industry, posing imminent risks to both miners' lives and the operational integrity of mining facilities. Current underground mine fire studies lack scale accuracy due to lab experiments and fail to consider bifurcation effects on smoke gas temperature. This study performed full-scale experiments and built validated CFD models to explore the interactive impact of ventilation and fire size on temperature attenuation, gas behavior, and CO generation in underground mines. A new empirical correlation for temperature decay in the mine drift was developed and its accuracy was compared with established models in the literature. In addition, the influence of bifurcation on maximum smoke temperature was analyzed. This research combines full-scale experiments and validated CFD modeling to address major gaps in underground mine fire studies. Unlike previous methods, this study explores the interactive effects of ventilation, fire size, temperature attenuation, and toxic gas spread, offering unprecedented insights. This innovation enables the development of tailored fire safety standards for mines, ensuring safer designs, rapid fire suppression, and improved evacuation strategies. By bridging theory and practice, this work transforms fundamental knowledge, empowering the mining industry to enhance safety measures, protect lives, and mitigate the impact of underground mine fires.

METAL, NONMETAL, ENERGY AND ENERGY CARRIER PRODUCTION BY PLASMA ARC ELECTROLYTIC CENTRIFUGAL CONVERSION

The new plasma arc electrolytic centrifugal conversion process is intended to reduce material consumption, time and energy costs when producing various products represented by metals, nonmetals and energy carriers. The task is accomplished through combining the metallurgical, chemical and energy production into an integral production facility. All polluting emissions associated today with the metallurgical, chemical and energy sectors serve as reagents for the new process and are used for manufacture of useful products sent to the market. Energy saving substance separation requires concentration of the maximum possible amount of various chemical elements in the melting area; they serve as catalysts reducing the reaction energy consumption. The energy production and consumption processes are closed loop with the generated reagents redistributed among the production areas and reversed for recycling what allows low potential heat retaining from losses to the environment. As of today, thermal and nuclear power stations as well as metallurgical and petrochemical plants discharge about two thirds of the produced heat energy to the environment. In the plasma arc electrolytic centrifugal conversion process the energy is diverted from one production process to another allowing several times higher hydrocarbon processing. Elimination of harmful emissions into the atmosphere requires energy released due to the system combining the energy production with the mining, metallurgical and chemical industries. The substance processing is induced by the energy produced when burning hydrogen derived from hydrocarbon materials in oxygen recovered from ore. All energy produced but not consumed for external energy demand, is transferred into methanol serving as hydrogen, and therefore energy, accumulator. Energy is transferred over large distances by methanol transportation over pipelines with the return to the processing area of carbon dioxide gas, required for plasma initiation.

Phosphorus-Doped Nickel Oxide Micro-Supercapacitor: Unleashing the Power of Energy Storage for Miniaturized Electronic Devices.

For an uninterrupted self-powered network, the requirement of miniaturized energy storage device is of utmost importance. This study explores the potential utilization of phosphorus-doped nickel oxide (P-NiO) to design highly efficient durable micro-supercapacitors. The introduction of P as a dopant serves to enhance the electrical conductivity of bare NiO, leading to 11-fold augmentation in volumetric capacitance to 841.92 Fcm-3 followed by significant enhancement of energy and power density from 6.71 to 42.096 mWhcm-3 and 0.47 to 1.046 Wcm-3, respectively. Theoretical calculations used to determine the adsorption energy of OH- ions, revealing higher in case of bare NiO (1.52eV) as compared to phosphorus-doped NiO (0.64eV) leading to high electrochemical energy storage performance. The as-designed micro-supercapacitor (MSC) device demonstrates a facile integration with the photovoltaic system for renewable energy storage and smooth transfer to external loads for enlightening the blue LED for ≈1min. The choice of P-NiO/Ni not only contributes to cost reduction but also ensures minimal lattice mismatch at the interface facilitating high durability up to 15 K cycles along with capacitive retention of ≈100% and coulombic efficiency of 93%. Thus, the heterostructure unveils the possibilities of exploring miniaturized energy storage devices for portable electronics.

Efficacy of the Use of Audio-Visual Facilities in the Teaching and Learning of English Phonology

This paper discussed the efficacy of the use of audiovisual facilities in the teaching and learning of English Phonology. In recent years, the integration of audiovisual facilities in classrooms has emerged as a potential catalyst for enhancing the learning experience, particularly in the realm of English Phonology. Through observing classrooms and gathering feedbacks from both educators and students, a clearer picture of the impact of audiovisual tools emerged. The ease of illustrating phonetic and phonological nuances with the help of visual and auditory stimuli was found to significantly elevate the learning curve. The interaction between visual aids, auditory tools, and traditional teaching methods creates a more engaging and interactive learning environment, which in turn, contributes to a more effective motivating and enjoyable learning experience. This exploration has not only shed light on the potential benefits of employing audiovisual facilities in the teaching and learning of English Phonology but also advocated for a broader acceptance and implementation of technology in educational settings to better cater for the diverse learning needs and preferences of today’s learners especially, in English Phonology. These include the compelling need to equip educators with the necessary training on how to effectively use AV facilities to teach English Phonology, enhance resource availability, overcome language interference as well as address technical issues. Others are to foster student engagement, assess effectiveness regularly, explore multimodal learning environments, among others.

A Grafted Hybrid Nanosheet Array Architecture Enables Efficient Bifunctional Oxygen Catalytic Electrodes for Rechargeable Lithium−Oxygen Batteries

AbstractTo fully manifest the high energy densities of lithium−oxygen (Li−O2) batteries, bifunctional catalytic cathodes that efficiently facilitate both the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are mandatorily required. However, catalysts with intrinsic bifunctional catalytic activities are limited in practice. In addition, the practical utilization rate of oxygen catalytic cathodes is usually lower due to the deposition of insoluble discharge product Li2O2. To address these issues, this work proposes a grafted hybrid nanosheet array architecture to enable efficient bifunctional oxygen catalytic cathodes for Li−O2 batteries. As a demonstration, Co3O4 nanosheet arrays (MnO2−Co3O4@CC) grafted with MnO2 nanosheets are prepared on carbon cloth by facile electrodeposition followed by calcination in air. The mutually perpendicular Co3O4 and MnO2 nanosheets in the grafted architecture enable both the ORR catalytically active site of MnO2 and the OER catalytically active site of Co3O4 easily accessible during repeated cycling. Thus, the synergistic bifunctional catalysis of hybrid MnO2−Co3O4@CC is effectively realized to deliver a high specific capacity of 8115 mA h g−1 and a low overall overpotential of 0.64 V. This work provides a universal and effective approach for fabricating various efficient catalytic electrodes via the facile integration of different nanomaterials on nanoarray architectures.

Surface Microstructure Engineering in MAPbBr3 Microsheets for Performance-Enhanced Photodetectors.

Metal halide-perovskite-based photodetectors have recently emerged as a class of promising optoelectronic devices in various fields. Meanwhile, nano/microstructuring perovskite-based photodetectors are a facile integration with complementary metal-oxide semiconductors for miniaturized imaging systems. However, there are still challenges to be overcome in reducing the losses caused by light reflection on the surface of microstructural perovskites. In this work, surface microstructure engineering is employed in MAPbBr3 microsheets for reducing light reflection and improving light absorption, resulting in high-performance perovskite photodetectors. MAPbBr3 microsheets, which possess different surface morphologies of flat, upright hemisphere arrays and inverted hemisphere arrays (IHAs), are fabricated by a simple microstructure template-assisted space confinement process. The light absorption capacity of IHA MAPbBr3 is significantly higher than that of the other two structures. Hence, IHA photodetectors with excellent figures of merit, including low dark current, decent responsivity, and fast speed, are achieved. Furthermore, the noise of the IHA photodetectors is only ∼10-13 A/, which results in the superior sensitivity for weak light detection with a specific detectivity up to 1011 Jones. Our results demonstrate that surface engineering is a simple, low-cost, yet effective approach to improve the performance of nano-/micro-optoelectronic devices.

Corrosion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa toward a Cu-Zn-Ni alloy inhibited by the simulative tidal region.

The corrosion of marine engineering equipment not only threatens human security and ecological environment but also increases energy consumption, restricting the sustainable development of marine economies and industries. The tidal region is a complex and challenging environment that can cause severe corrosion of facilities and affect microbial activities. However, the current understanding of the mechanisms underlying microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) of tidal region is insufficient. To address this issue, the effect of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on a Cu-Zn-Ni alloy in the simulative tidal region was investigated by chemical and molecular biological analysis in this study. The results demonstrated that P. aeruginosa formed thicker biofilms on the Cu-Zn-Ni alloy samples under the full exposure, accelerating corrosion compared to sterile controls. Interestingly, the corrosion of P. aeruginosa toward the Cu-Zn-Ni alloy was inhibited in the simulative tidal region. This inhibition behavior was relevant to the reduction in the quantity of sessile cells and cell activities. The expression down-regulation of genes encoding phenazines induced the decrease in electron transfer mediators and weakened the MIC of P. aeruginosa on alloy samples in the simulative tidal region. The research sheds light on the characteristics of P. aeruginosa and corrosion products on the Cu-Zn-Ni alloy, as well as their interaction mechanisms underlying corrosion in the simulative tidal region. The study will facilitate the evaluation and control of MIC in the tidal region, contributing to the development of sustainable strategies for preserving the integrity and safety of marine facilities.

Absolute Sustainability Assessment of Flue Gas Valorization to Ammonia and Synthetic Natural Gas.

Carbon capture and utilization has gained attention to potentially curb CO2 emissions while generating valuable chemicals. These technologies will coexist with fossil analogs, creating synergies to leverage circular economy principles. In this context, flue gas valorization from power plants can assist in the transition. Here, we assessed the absolute sustainability of a simulated integrated facility producing ammonia and synthetic natural gas from flue gas from a combined-cycle natural gas power plant based in Germany, using hydrogen from three water electrolysis technologies (proton exchange membrane, alkaline, and solid oxide cells), nitrogen, and CO2. For the first time, we applied the planetary boundaries (PBs) framework to a circular integrated system, evaluating its performance relative to the safe operating space. The PB-LCA assessment showed that the alternative technologies could significantly reduce, among others, the impact on climate change and biosphere integrity when compared to their fossil counterparts, which could be deemed unsustainable in climate change. Nevertheless, these alternative technologies could also lead to burden shifting and are not yet economically viable. Overall, the investigated process could smoothen the transition toward low-carbon technologies, but its potential collateral damages should be carefully considered. Furthermore, the application of the PBs provides an appealing framework to quantify the absolute sustainability level of integrated circular systems.

Analysis of main steam line break accident on a BWR test facility using TRACE

PUMA-E is an integral test facility, which is used for extensive experimental investigations to study the behavior of Boiling Water Reactor (BWR) plants under accident conditions. The TRACE code is the best estimate thermal hydraulic system code developed by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission for performing nuclear power plant safety analysis. The aim of the present work is to conduct a short validation study of the TRACE code applied to the PUMA-E facility. Firstly, a TRACE model of the PUMA-E facility was developed based on the existing RELAP5 input deck. Then, an additional facility TRACE model with reactor pressure vessel modeled by three dimensional “VESSEL” component was also established. After that, a Main Steam Line Break accident test was simulated, and the calculation results were compared with experimental data and RELAP5 simulation results. The TRACE simulation capability to predict the accident phenomenon of BWR test facility was evaluated using both qualitative and quantitative methods. On the basis of the above research, the base case accompanying with one Gravity Driven Cooling System tank failure accident was carried out based on the three facility models. The validity and reliability of the simulation results of the different facility numerical models were mutually verified through a qualitative comparison of the simulation results.

STEAM Experimental Facility: A Step Forward for the Development of the EU DEMO BoP Water Coolant Technology

Within the EUROfusion roadmap for the technological development of the European-DEMOnstration (EU-DEMO) reactor, a key point has been identified in the discontinuous operation (pulse-dwell-pulse) of the machine. Water Cooled Lithium Lead (WCLL) Breeding Blanket (BB) Primary Heat Transfer Systems (PHTSs) adopt technology and components commonly used in nuclear fission power plants, whose performances could be negatively affected by the above mentioned pulsation, as well as by low-load operation in the dwell phase. This makes mandatory a full assessment of the functional feasibility of such components through accurate design and validation. For this purpose, ENEA Experimental Engineering Division at Brasimone R.C. aims at realizing STEAM, a water operated facility forming part of the multipurpose experimental infrastructure Water cooled lithium lead -thermal-HYDRAulic (W-HYDRA), conceived to investigate the water technologies applied to the DEMO BB and Balance of Plant systems and components. The experimental validation has the two main objectives of reproducing the DEMO operational phases by means of steady-state and transient tests, as well as performing dedicated tests on the steam generator aiming at demonstrating its ability to perform as intended during the power phases of the machine. STEAM is mainly composed of primary and secondary water systems reproducing the thermodynamic conditions of the DEMO WCLL BB PHTS and power conversion system, respectively. The significance of the STEAM facility resides in its capacity to amass experimental data relevant for the advancement of fusion-related technologies. This capability is attributable to the comprehensive array of instruments with which the facility will be equipped and whose strategic location is described in this work. The operational phases of the STEAM facility at different power levels are presented, according to the requirements of the experiments. Furthermore, a preliminary analysis for the definition of the control strategy for the OTSG mock-up was performed. In particular, two different control strategies were identified and tested, both keeping the primary mass flow constant and regulating the feedwater mass flow to follow a temperature set-point in the primary loop. The obtained numerical results yielded preliminary feedback on the regulation capability of the DEMO steam generator mock-up during pulsed operation, showing that no relevant overtemperature jeopardized the facility integrity, thanks to the high system responsivity to rapid load variations.

Assessment of The Integration of ICT in Teaching and Learning in Tertiary Institutions in Imo State, Nigeria, in The Era of Insecurity

The study investigated the assessment of the integration of ICT in teaching and learning in tertiary institutions in Imo state in the era of insecurity. Two research objectives, two research questions and one research hypothesis guided the study. The population of the study consisted of all the 2,722 lecturers in the seven tertiary institutions in Imo State, Nigeria. Random sampling technique was used to select 100 lecturers each from four out of the seven tertiary institutions. The instrument for data collection was a self –developed 10-item questionnaire entitled: Questionnaire for integration of ICT (QIICT). Test retest method was used to ensure the reliability of the instrument. A reliability coefficient of 0.8 was determined for the instrument using the Pearson's Product Moment Correlation. Mean was used to answer the research questions while ANOVA was used to test the hypothesis. The study found out that the extent of integration of ICT facilities for teaching and learning by lecturers in tertiary institutions in Imo State is still low even in this era of insecurity where it is necessary for lecturers interact with the students while they are at home. It also found out that the extent of application of ICT facilities did differ significantly among the institutions and that factors such as epileptic power supply and lack of ICT facilities are among the factors that militate against the application of ICT facilities by lecturers.

Hydrodynamic Loads and Overtopping Processes of a Coastal Seawall under the Coupled Impact of Extreme Waves and Wind

Driven by strong winds, huge ocean waves can cause devastating destruction to coastal regions during harsh weather events. There is growing evidence showing that extreme waves can occur in both shallow and deep waters. To protect the coast against the destructive power of huge waves, coastal protection facilities, such as seawalls, are often built along the coast. The integrity and stability of these coastal protection facilities are essential to the safety of coastal regions. Since huge waves are often accompanied by strong winds in real ocean environments, to fill the knowledge gap left by previous relevant studies, this study numerically investigates the hydrodynamic loads and overtopping of a coastal seawall model on a sloped beach under the coupled impact of an extreme wave group and wind. The influences of several main factors are considered, such as water depth, wind speed, and significant wave height. The research results reveal that strong wind can greatly increase the average overtopping rate and enhance the hydrodynamic loads exerted by the extreme wave group on the seawall.

UAV Detection and Tracking in Urban Environments Using Passive Sensors: A Survey

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have gained significant popularity across various domains, but their proliferation also raises concerns about security, public safety, and privacy. Consequently, the detection and tracking of UAVs have become crucial. Among the UAV-monitoring technologies, those suitable for urban Internet-of-Things (IoT) environments primarily include radio frequency (RF), acoustic, and visual technologies. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review of passive UAV surveillance technologies, encompassing RF-based, acoustic-based, and vision-based methods for UAV detection, localization, and tracking. Our research reveals that certain lightweight UAV depth detection models have been effectively downsized for deployment on edge devices, facilitating the integration of edge computing and deep learning. In the city-wide anti-UAV, the integration of numerous urban infrastructure monitoring facilities presents a challenge in achieving a centralized computing center due to the large volume of data. To address this, calculations can be performed on edge devices, enabling faster UAV detection. Currently, there is a wide range of anti-UAV systems that have been deployed in both commercial and military sectors to address the challenges posed by UAVs. In this article, we provide an overview of the existing military and commercial anti-UAV systems. Furthermore, we propose several suggestions for developing general-purpose UAV-monitoring systems tailored for urban environments. These suggestions encompass considering the specific requirements of the application scenario, integrating detection and tracking mechanisms with appropriate countermeasures, designing for scalability and modularity, and leveraging advanced data analytics and machine learning techniques. To promote further research in the field of UAV-monitoring systems, we have compiled publicly available datasets comprising visual, acoustic, and radio frequency data. These datasets can be employed to evaluate the effectiveness of various UAV-monitoring techniques and algorithms. All of the datasets mentioned are linked in the text or in the references. Most of these datasets have been validated in multiple studies, and researchers can find more specific information in the corresponding papers or documents. By presenting this comprehensive overview and providing valuable insights, we aim to advance the development of UAV surveillance technologies, address the challenges posed by UAV proliferation, and foster innovation in the field of UAV monitoring and security.

Design and development trend of hotel management system based on Web technology

In the rapid development of modern society, how to build and promote the integration of guest rooms, catering, business culture and other various service facilities for the consumption of places, is the main issue that the domestic and foreign hotel industry actively explore. Nowadays, China's hotels have a large organization, provide more service items, and collect a large amount of information. In order to further improve the level of labor production, control costs, and improve service quality, it is necessary to achieve information management and control with the help of computers. Therefore, after understanding the current research status and development trend of hotel management system, this paper mainly studies the design of hotel management system based on Web technology according to system demand analysis and system function analysis, and puts forward effective measures from the perspective of long-term development of the industry.

A study on integration of health and education facilities in Rural Access Index (RAI)

Rural Access Index (RAI) is one of the most widely used policy metrics for evaluating rural accessibility. But the indicator focuses only on the mobility aspect of accessibility, omitting consideration of facility proximation. This article proposes a modified version of the RAI that incorporates two critical facilities: healthcare and education. Additionally, it examines whether the new RAI would result in a better representation of accessibility for Bangladesh. For this study, 40 upazilas (sub-regions) having above 80% rural population and reflecting diverse geographical regions were chosen as study areas. All data were collected from secondary sources. Buffer analysis and multiple regression models were developed for the two RAIs separately. Findings reveal the mean RAI to be 47.24, which was 76.83 for the World Bank (WB) method. About 29.6% people per upazila are located near quality roads but do not have basic facilities nearby. Based on regression models and further analysis, the proposed RAI is more credible for evaluating accessibility, whereas all parts of the existing RAI do not guarantee service availability. Irrespective of opportunities available, the average WB RAI remains around 75.53, which may not entirely reflect accessibility accurately. The study suggests rethinking RAI implementations and underlining the importance of measuring access holistically for effective resource allocation.