Integrated Transport System Research Articles

Reduction of CO2 emissions with automatic mooring systems. The case of the port of Santander

The revolutions in the maritime industry resulting from the implementation of integrated transport systems (bulk) and containerization (regular lines) at first had little effect on traditional mooring systems for ships in port. However, the research into innovation in automated mooring systems with increasingly advanced technologies carried on regardless.The so-called “Automatic Mooring Systems” (AMS), automatic systems that allow vessels to be moored without ropes, are being increasingly implemented in numerous ports in many different countries in the world, particularly in those whose traffic volumes have allowed the threshold of profitability of these infrastructures to be reached. But besides the financial benefits, the implantation of the AMS is having positive effects on the environment by reducing CO2 emissions in many commercial ports.The present work aims to measure for the first time the reduction in the CO2 emissions of merchant vessels as a consequence of the substitution of traditional mooring systems with the new automatic systems, continuing along the lines of previous works in the field of the reduction in CO2 emissions in ports.The estimation is made by applying the EPA and ENTEC “bottom-up” methodologies to the traffic in the port of Santander (Spain) in the year 2014.The implementation of the AMS, when compared to the traditional mooring systems, leads to a reduction in CO2 emissions of 76.78% calculated using the EPA method and 76.63% using the ENTEC method. Hence, the Port Authorities in their long-term planning decisions should promote the introduction of automatic mooring systems wherever the profitability thresholds of traffic allow it, as this will lead to significant environmental benefits by substantially reducing CO2 emissions during the maneuvers of merchant ships in maritime commercial ports.

TO THE QUESTION OF DEVELOPMENT OF CRITERIA FOR ESTIMATION OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND SELECTING THE OPTIMUM COMPOSITION OF SUBSYSTEMS INTEGRATED TRANSPORT TRANSPORT SYSTEM OF RUSSIA

To the question of development of criteria for estimation of energy efficiency and selecting the optimum composition of subsystems integrated transport system of Russia

Development and evaluation of an integrated transportation system: a case study of Delhi

The city of Delhi, India is experiencing rapid urban growth, which is causing a number of transport-related issues such as congestion, low service levels and pollution. The lack of efficient public transportation is compelling commuters to shift their travel modes to private and intermediate transport, resulting in unbalanced modal splits. Using the macro-simulation software Visum, a sequential four-stage travel demand model was developed based on a total of 7098 individual questionnaire responses collected in Delhi. The base year traffic flows for private and public transport trips were estimated through the developed travel demand model and validated with field data. To encourage transport sustainability, multi-modal integration of Delhi's metro rail systems with feeder modes and park-and-ride facilities was performed and their benefits at the network level were evaluated. The results indicated an increase in metro rail ridership after devising multi-modal integration. The aim of this work is ultimately to encourage modal shift from private cars to public transport.

Research on Evaluation of resource allocation efficiency of transportation system based on DEA

In this paper, we select the time series data onto 1985-2015 years, construct the land (shoreline) resources, capital and labor as inputs. The index system of the output is freight volume and passenger volume, we use Quantitative analysis based on DEA method evaluated the resource allocation efficiency of railway, highway, water transport and civil aviation in China. Research shows that the resource allocation efficiency of various modes of transport has obvious difference, and the impact on scale efficiency is more significant. The most important two ways to optimize the allocation of resources to improve the efficiency of the combination of various modes of transport is promoting the co-ordination of various modes of transport and constructing integrated transportation system.

Model of Integrated Transportation System

The article presents the possibilities of an integrated transport system modeling simulating the complexity of regional transportation and its effects. The modeling methods deal with individual behavioral units and proceed through several steps to estimate travel.

Selected Problems of Transport in Port Towns – Tri-City as an Example

Abstract Port towns are strategic places from the point of view of transport systems. They form integration junctions for various transport branches , apart from the traditional - road and railway ones , also for water( sea) transport which is active there. Moreover, air transport comes also into consideration , whose efficient functioning must be connected with good accessibility, that concerns sea transport as well. Efficient and safe servicing the ports is crucial for their functioning. Problems associated with the overloading of lorries, which leads to degradation of road surface structure , observed in Gdynia, are discussed as an example in this paper. Problems of road traffic safety (RTS) are presented in this paper on the example of Gdańsk. The two issues: the road traffic safety and road surface degradation constitute only some transport problems of port towns , but they are very important, from the point of view of their specificity, for integration junctions of all the transport branches for people and goods. However, in discussing selected aspects of transport in port towns it is necessary to refer to the managing of integrated transport system with taking into account its traffic safety aspects.

New Trends of Green Transportation Development in EU

This paper introduces the general situations and the present status of transportation development in European Union (EU). Based on the review of EU policy documents and relevant measures, new trends and development of green transportation in EU combining with the new situations that EU transportation confronted are summarized and analyzed, which mainly include constructing integrated transportation system to optimize transportation structure, increasing the use of alternative energy sources for low traffic emissions to optimize energy structure, developing low emission and zero emission vehicles to encourage low carbon travel, improving price and tax policies to internalize of external cost of transportation, continuously rendering financial support to guarantee and guide the development of green transportation, strengthening transportation energy conservation,and emission reduction supervisions to solidify green development foundation, etc.

GIS-based predictive models for regional-scale landslide susceptibility assessment and risk mapping along road corridors

ABSTRACTIn this paper, a study aimed to assess the landslide susceptibility at a regional scale for the wide provincial territory of Matera (Basilicata region, southern Italy) and the relative risk along the main road corridors distributed in this area is presented. A heuristic-bivariate statistical predictive model was performed to assess and map the landslide susceptibility in the study area by using a polynomial function of eight predisposing factors, weighted according to their influence on the instability process. The resulting susceptibility map was successively used for assessing the landslide risk along the provincial road network. The importance of these roads, representing the main network connecting the urban centres, derives from the absence of an efficient integrated transportation system through the entire regional territory. The landslide risk was evaluated through a matricial approach, which has allowed to define the risk levels (low, medium and high) along road stretches by overlapping the consequences and hazard maps, by combining their corresponding classes in a matrix and by associating to each combination a risk level. The resulting landslide risk map provides support information for decision-making and for identifying the priorities for the design of appropriate mitigation plans.

Methodological Proposal of Profit Distribution among the Participants of Integrated Transport System

This article deals with the profit distribution among public passenger transport companies - Integrated Transport System (ITS) operators in the context of the Slovak Republic. Currently, there are various problems concerning the operation of the fully and systematic regional integrated public transport in the Slovak Republic. For a correct profit distribution, it is necessary to conduct a survey dealing with the use of the ITS tickets, especially of railway tickets. This article also presents the survey results. The methodological proposal for the profit distribution is presented as a sequence of steps by means of algorithm.

Airline and railway disintegration in China: the case of Shanghai Hongqiao Integrated Transport Hub

In China, the need to integrate the air and rail networks has been identified and dozens of transport hubs that include air and HSR links have been built or are planned. In this research, which is complementary to Chen and Lin, the level and potential for air–rail integration at Shanghai Hongqiao Integrated Transport Hub is examined and analyzed. The results show that despite the excellent infrastructure the actual level of integration is low, while the potential benefits from such integration could be very large. It seems that in China the main barrier for air–rail integration is institutional and stems from the institutional (and cultural) division between air and rail transport and from the importance placed on promoting competition almost at any cost – both of these barriers can be said to be ‘imported’ to China from (especially) the U.S. and Europe. But with the infrastructure for air–rail integration in place, the potential to realize such an integration is far greater. A move away from the uni-modal governance and planning of transport can open the door not only to air–rail integration but to the creation of a truly integrated transport system in China.

Integrated tariff systems in transport – Poland and abroad, conclusions

At the beginning, the idea of integrated tariff system in public transport as a part of integrated transport system is described. Based on a short review of studies on the preferences of passengers, which was made in Poland, the importance of tariff systems integration is explained, especially for the effective use of means of transport. Then four examples of tariff systems from Poland, and four from abroad are presented with an indication of strengths and weaknesses. As a conclusion from the analysis, main problems with integration of tariff systems in Poland are listed.

Industry, Government & Academia – A Relationship Paradigm Fit for the Future of Transport Infrastructure Assets

By 2031 the population of NSW is expected to increase by 2 million. Almost 80% of growth will occur within the Sydney metropolitan area. This will place increased pressure on our transport infrastructure as customer demands for an effective and integrated transport system in and around Sydney grows.The context for our unprecedented program of infrastructure build is clearly set. So too, is the imperative to develop our asset base responsibly to ensure we establish and maintain a legacy network that can serve the City and the State for generations to come - ensuring Sydney continues to be a great place to live, work and do business. The imperative to work smarter, to learn and to harness and deploy the knowledge and experience gained across the globe to our projects and our assets is set.The Asset Standards Authority was created as part of the reform of the metropolitan rail system and has evolved to become a primary assurance vehicle providing technical and governance expertise and advice across Transport for NSW (TfNSW) as well as providing linkages to and access for industry. With a clear focus on ‘whole of life’ multi-mode transport infrastructure, the asset standards authority has led an unprecedented program of engagement centred on competency and capability development across the supply chain. In concert with this, the authority has developed focused relationships with global academia and R&D entities - providing the ‘asset-owners’ perspective and drawing on the considerable intellect that the relationship offers.The paper will describe the early evolution of the ASA's role as an enabler of asset-focused concepts and knowledge, innovation and R&D as part of a broader Industry Engagement task. It will draw on our experiences to date including industry acceptance and readiness and provide insight into our future direction geared towards incorporating the ‘knowledge business’ as BAU.

Proposal for Streamlining the Railway Infrastructure Capacity on the Specific Track Section in the Context of Establishing an Integrated Transport System

This paper is processed based on assessing the current capacity condition of the specific railway track section which connects two cities. Particularly, it proposes a set of possible measures in order to increase the permeable railway tracks performance (permeability) for the purpose of establishing an integrated transport system. In detail, it examines the capacity solutions by the construction of a double-track liner for smooth crossing and a second track on a single-track railway section.

Framework and Research Progress of Generation Energy Integrated Transport System Planning Methods in China

Framework and Research Progress of Generation Energy Integrated Transport System Planning Methods in China

ТЕРРИТОРИАЛЬНАЯ СТРУКТУРА ПАССАЖИРСКОГО АВИАЦИОННОГО ТРАНСПОРТА В ЕВРОПЕЙСКОЙ РОССИИ

Passenger air transport has become one of the most dynamic parts of integrated transport system both in Russia and around the world. It is the most important mode of transport on many mid-distance and long-distance routes. Its spatial structure is studied broadly in geography, but in this paper air transport is analyzed with parameters that are crucial for passengers: number of flights, flight time (all kinds of additional time loss are included), and weighted average fare for each direction. Because of the complexity of data gathering, investigation of passenger transport by this way has not received wide development, and present study aims to fill this gap. Spatial distribution of active airports in European Russia is analyzed. Typology of airline companies (that operate in European Russia) by weighted average fare level is suggested. Three dominant attraction centers for air passengers are determined: Moscow, St. Petersburg and Black Sea resorts. Airport classification is defined by three parameters integrated into a single methodology: number of flights, flight time and fare that are calculated for each route, which connects airport with dominant attraction centers. Airport class depends on its remoteness from dominant attraction centers, structure of airline companies, availability of alternative transport modes, average time loss during trip between center of city and its airport. The calculation by the proposed method showed that big cities in European Russia, some cities of European North and North Caucasus regions have best air transport accessibility while many cities in Central Russia have the worst air transport accessibility.

WAYS OF IMPROVING EFFICIENCY OF PASSENGER COMPLEX OF UKRAINE

The importance of passenger transport in the economically developed society is the key topic of the article. Passenger transportation included the variety of modes of transport, place, role and geographical position and each of them depends on many factors. Maximum quality and meeting the demand of people in traffic mostly accompanied by rational and economic use of technology. Passengers considering the quality of transport services, choosing a mode of transport what finally forms transportation cost.Competition leads to better quality transport service for passengers and efficiency of all systems components. Conditions of transportation performance of cause to many complex problems, characterized by constant changes in traffic volumes, increased requirements for their implementation and in conducting energy conservation policy, compliance efficiency of fixed assets of transport and lack of depreciation assets. When objective and subjective difficulties of socio-economic importance are present, the demand of passenger transport to society is constantly increasing.The article disclose the ways of improving the efficiency of passenger transport by counting the Ukraine possible further improvement of complex government regulation and legal framework of the transportation system of passengers restructuring passenger transport management based on market economy principles and orientation of the system to the needs of the passenger. In addition, it is important to ensure maximum coordination of those integration of all elements of the transportation process each mode of transport, cooperation of all, to ensure the introduction of integrated transport systems authorized for passenger traffic. Providing high quality services to the population, combined with effective use of rolling stock can achieve rationalization organization of passenger transport schedules movement of vehicles on the basis of a compromise on service passengers, who recognized the comparison of costs, revenues and profit definition.

Towards multi-modal integrated mobility systems: Views from Panama City and Barranquilla

This paper undertakes the assessment of the bus transport systems of two port cities in the Caribbean, the BRT system Transmetro in Barranquilla, and Metrobus, a ‘light’ BRT system, in Panama City. Although the systems have different contexts, design and operational characteristics, they have in common that over the last years their service quality has deteriorated, leading to negative users' perception and consequently decrease in patronage levels. Understanding these problematic factors is key for the mobility of these cities as they are both planning to expand their systems and consolidate multi-modal integrated transport systems in the upcoming years. Through a series of interviews with several stakeholders from institutions related to the mobility sector in each city our analysis identifies aspects of conceptual design, planning and implementation of institutional, operational, financial and management frameworks that might have been preventing the systems from achieving a better performance. Moreover, our analysis highlights two factors embedded at the core of the systems' difficulties: First, BRT technology transfer with limited understanding of context and little adaptation to local user's expectations and preferences; and second, design criteria that address financial requirements at the expense of quality of service for people's needs.

Networked control challenges in collaborative road freight transport

Freight transport is of major importance for the European economy and is growing thanks to increasing global trade. About three quarters of inland freight transport in the European Union is on roads. It has the potential to go through a dramatic change over the next decades thanks to the recent development of technologies such as wireless communication, cloud computing, sensor devices, and vehicle electronics. They enable a new integrated goods transport system based on optimized logistics, real-time traffic information, vehicular communications, collaborative driving, and autonomous vehicles. In this paper, we discuss challenges in creating a more efficient and sustainable goods road transportation system and how some of them can be tackled with a networked control approach. In particular, we discuss a method to improve the efficiency of the transportation system by minimizing the number of empty transports needed to fulfill the assignments on a given road network. Assignments with overlapping route segments might lead to further improvements, as the formation of vehicle platoons yields reduced fuel consumption. For realistic scenarios, it is shown that such collaboration opportunities arise already with relatively few vehicles. The fuel-efficient formation and control of platoons is also discussed. Some of the presented methods have been tested on real vehicles in traffic. The paper shows experimental results on automatic formation of vehicle platoons on a Swedish highway. The influence of traffic density on the merge maneuver is illustrated. The results indicate that platoon coordination could be improved by support from appropriate traffic monitoring technologies.

Guest Editorial

As a premise, readers should be informed that some decades ago the Italian Ministry of Education, Universities and Research identified a number of academic groups, based on their main disciplines: one of these groups within the area of Engineering was entitled “Transport”, which can also be understood as “Transport Systems”. The Engineering area includes 53 sub-groups, in a similar way to the ERC Panels in “Physical Sciences and Engineering” and “Social Sciences and Humanities” (e.g. SH2_8 Energy, transportation and mobility). Over the years, the Ministry of Education, Universities and Research changed the focus of these groups according to research needs. A so-called academic “Declaratoria”, which resembles the concept of a “Declaration of purpose”, describes the general academic aim of each of these groups; the one referring to “Transport systems” includes “ITS”, and has a similar description to the definition provided on the official IET Intelligent Transport Systems website. Every two years the academicians belonging to this group meet together, in order to share their scientific and technical results during a scientific seminar ; the most recent one took place at the Politecnico di Torino (Turin) in September 2015. The Italian Universities alternate with each other to host the event. The main issues of this scientific seminar can be summarised as pursuing innovative transport systems, services and solutions, in particular the subjects related to a gradual independence of the main energy source that transport systems are based on and the use of lower energy per unit mass in motorised mobility in order to reduce the energy consumption per person and – consequently – greenhouse gas emissions. The abovementioned is background information to help readers understand how this Special Issue came about. This edition was developed by selecting 21 papers out of the 43 that were presented at the Seminar. The subject areas of these 21 papers were considered to be relevant to the scope of IET Intelligent Transport Systems. It is clear that the majority of papers presented at the Seminar were dealing with ITS which coincides with the main EU research objective of making the European transport system more resource-efficient, climate and environmentally friendly, safe and seamless for the benefit of all citizens, the economy and society. We are moving towards a smart, green and integrated transport system, as conceived in the Horizon 2020 research programme. Following the journal's peer review process,eight outstanding papers were accepted for publication in this Special Issue. Angela Di Febbraro is Professor of Transportation Engineering at the University of Genoa, Italy. She obtained her Master's Degree in Electronic Engineering (1987), and PhD in Electronic and Computer Engineering at the University of Genoa. At a European level, she currently holds the office of Italian National Delegate in the Horizon 2020 Programme Committee of the Societal Challenge “Smart, green, and integrated transport”. She is the author of more than 200 scientific papers, mostly published in international journals and conferences. She is currently involved in several research projects. Her transport research interests have focused on the main aspects of planning, control and optimisation at a system-level, with special reference to safety, sustainability, intermodal and ITS. Agostino Nuzzolo is Professor of Transport at the Faculty of Engineering, and the former President of the Italian Academic Society of Transport (SIDT). For several years, he was lecturer at Summer Courses on Advanced Transportation Network Modelling at MIT, Boston, USA. His research activity is relative to the theory of transportation systems and its application in transportation analysis, modelling and planning. His main research areas are: travel behavioural models for ITS and ICT; demand and supply models for urban freight transport and city logistics; assignment models for transit networks; land use and transport interaction models; trip chain models in urban areas; simulation models for road accidents; DSS for strategic and tactical transportation planning. He is the author or co-author of several books, some of them concerning the innovative run-oriented approach to dynamic transit network modelling, and of more than 200 papers. Bruno Dalla Chiara has been Associate Professor at the Politecnico di Torino (I) in the field of Transport Systems since 2005; he obtained the national qualification as full Professor in Transport Systems in 2014. He holds a Master of Science in Mechanical Engineering, in which he specialised in transport systems, engineering and economics (1993), and a Ph.D. in Transport Engineering, in which he specialised in ITS (1997). He holds the chair, at the Politecnico di Torino, in “Engineering and operation of Transport Systems”. He is the author of a number of publications, mainly concerning the engineering and design of transport systems, rail and intermodal transport and ITS.

The Impact of Proposed Prices on the Public Transport Providers and Passengers for Integrated Transport System in Kosice Region

The article deals with the price construction for integrated transport system as the key part of integration because it has the impact on the involved public transport providers and passengers, but also for the third very important part - the self-government regions or cities as the orders of public transport services. The data in this article are used for integrated transport system in Kosice region in Slovakia where the process of integration is in the preparing phase.