Integrated Solid Waste Management Research Articles

Dynamical Integrated Framework Development of Solid Waste Management in Malaysia

The paper is an illustrated of the framework development on dynamical integrated solid waste management in Malaysia. The framework is consisted of four stages. First stage is an essential study done by authors for understanding the solid waste management process and identifying the related issues by engaging an expert of the field and previous studies. Second stage is highlighted the important of predicting an adequate quantity of the waste generation in Malaysia. The prediction process applied a multilinear regression analysis. Third stage presented a development of integrated dynamical solid waste management model using system dynamics simulation. In the final stage, a user interface is constructed for assisting an operational level to monitor the progression of their performance on strategic plan. This summary conceptual framework represents the holistic framework which significantly assist the operational department for monitoring the solid waste management process efficiently and comprehensively.

Implementation of Integrated Solid Waste Management through Public Private Partnership in Dehradun Town

Dehradun is the capital of Uttarakhand province of India which was created in 2000 after carving it out of Uttar Pradesh province. Since 2000, Dehradun has been the hub of all the major developmental activities and due to population influx from its neighbouring hilly districts and huge growth of the industries during this period resulted in high pressure on civic authorities and the municipal bodies to dispose the waste generated by the household and the commercial units. Waste is for the most part discarded by the residents on the roads, drains, open ground, fallow land, and so on, sometimes burnt in open, which creates unhygienic environment for the residents and is debilitating human wellbeing. There is no existing methodology available or practiced by the municipality for scientific and integrated solid waste management and therefore, there is a strong and urgent need to introduce required changes in solid waste management by Dehradun municipality in order to make the town hygienic, beautiful and happy. This strategy paper aims at suggesting an integrated solid waste management approach for the city of Dehradun by using public private partnership.

Recycling and Reuse Technology: Waste to Wealth Initiative in a Private Tertiary Institution, Nigeria

The practice of collecting, treating, and managing solid waste prior to disposal has become a necessity in developing and modern societies. However, over the years, most waste has become regarded as having second-rate value and could be recovered and reused for valuable goods. However, the construction costs for conventional Material Recovery Facility(s) (MRFs) have been a major barrier for its implementation, and these technologies also require considerable technical expertise, which is not often available in developing nations for the successful operation of the MRFs. Covenant University, a private mission institution undertaking a waste-to-wealth scheme, is focused on managing and processing used materials to create reusable products. Such materials included PET bottles, paper waste, food waste from cafeterias, plastic food packs, nylon, tin cans, and others. Specific areas from the university which were chosen for the survey included the residential areas for staff and students and the two cafeterias. The waste generated was characterized so as to quantify the amount of recyclable waste generated, and also to find out which was most-occurring. The survey involved the use of structured questionnaires, on-site observations, and measurements. The study revealed that the average amount of recyclable waste generated per day in the institution were 55.56% food waste, 13.46% PET bottles, 12.64% other plastic, 9.63% nylon, 4.68% tin cans, and 4.03% paper. The study establishes that adequate waste characterization is a requirement for effective integrated solid waste management, which would boost resource recovery, reuse, and recycling.

Gestão municipal de resíduos sólidos urbanos à luz da Política Nacional de Resíduos: estudo de caso no município de Japeri, RJ, Brasil

Este artigo visa analisar a gestão de resíduos urbanos (RSU) no município de Japeri, Região Metropolitana do estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, à luz da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos, criada em 2010, identificando os entraves na sua implantação. Trata-se de pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa realizada entre 2015 e 2016. Os procedimentos de coleta de dados utilizados foram: revisão da literatura; análise documental; entrevistas com gestores; observação direta e uso da técnica de grupo focal com representantes da comunidade. O estudo analisou a gestão de RSU de Japeri com uma perspectiva inovadora e colaborativa, ao usar a técnica do grupo focal, a qual evidenciou a importância em se envolver a comunidade na compreensão dos seus problemas e se mostrou adequada para fomentar esse debate. Entre os desafios a serem enfrentados por Japeri, tem-se: implantar o Plano Municipal de Gestão Integrada de Resíduos Sólidos (PMGIRS); reduzir a dependência dos órgãos estaduais e federais na gestão; universalizar a coleta regular de resíduos; ampliar a cobertura da coleta seletiva; envolver a sociedade na gestão, entre outros. Uma das limitações do estudo foi a pouca qualidade e disponibilidade de dados atuais sobre a gestão municipal de resíduos. A complexidade do tema também não permitiu que todas as questões fossem contempladas no estudo. A maior contribuição da pesquisa foi a sua abordagem, ao dar voz às demandas e sugestões de representantes da comunidade. Para o sucesso do PMGIRS, a participação social é imprescindível, a fim de impedir a sua descontinuidade ou que ele se transforme em mero instrumento político. Espera-se que a técnica de grupo focal empregada possa ser adaptada a outros contextos. Devido à escassez de estudos mais aprofundados sobre o tema, este artigo poderá vir a contribuir com o preenchimento dessa lacuna.

Mathematical modelling and heuristic approaches to the location-routing problem of a cost-effective integrated solid waste management

Integrated solid waste management (ISWM) comprises activities and processes to collect, transport, treat, recycle and dispose municipal solid wastes. This paper addresses the ISWM location-routing problem in which different types of municipal solid wastes are factored concurrently into an integrated system with all interrelated facilities. To support a cost-effective ISWM system, the number of locations of the system’s components (i.e. transfer stations; recycling, treatment and disposal centres) and truck routing within the system’s components need to be optimized. A mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model is presented to minimise the total cost of the ISWM system including transportation costs and facility establishment costs. To tackle the non-deterministic polynomial-time hardness of the problem, a stepwise heuristic method is proposed within the frames of two meta-heuristic approaches: (i) variable neighbourhood search (VNS) and (ii) a hybrid VNS and simulated annealing algorithm (VNS + SA). A real-life case study from an existing ISWM system in Tehran, Iran is utilized to apply the proposed model and algorithms. Then the presented MILP model is implemented in CPLEX environment to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms for multiple test problems in different scales. The results show that, while both proposed algorithms can effectively solve the problem within practical computing time, the proposed hybrid method efficiently has produced near-optimal solutions with gaps of < 4%, compared to the exact results. In comparison with the current cost of the existing ISWM system in the study area, the presented MILP model and proposed heuristic methods effectively reduce the total costs by 20–22%.

Using analytics to inform category management and strategic sourcing

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to show how data analytics can be used to identify areas of potential cost savings for category managers of installation-level services. Using integrated solid waste management (ISWM) as a test case, the authors also examine the impact of small business set-asides on price and contractor performance. Design/methodology/approach The authors use data analytics, specifically sequential regression, the Wilcoxon rank-sum test and ordered logistic regression to investigate the influence of service- and contracting-related variables on price and contractor performance. Findings The authors find that service- and contracting-related variables influence price. Specifically, they identify that a service-related variable, number of containers, significantly affects price, and that two contracting-related variables, one type of small business set-aside and the number of offers received, also significantly affect price. The authors quantify the price premiums paid for using various types of small business set-asides. Research limitations/implications Although the findings were significant, the authors believe that the robustness of the conclusions could be enhanced if the Air Force captured more data. Additional observations would increase the generalizability of the results. Practical implications This empirical experiment demonstrates that detailed analyses are required to gain insights into services’ price drivers to craft more appropriate category management strategies for installation-level services. Originality/value This empirical study shows how historical data can be used to assess price drivers of installation-level services. It is also one of the first to quantify the impact that small business set-asides have on price.

Origins of the Problematic Substances in Fines, for Their Acceptance at Inert Landfills

Integrated solid waste management (ISWM) involves approaching solid waste in a comprehensive manner with careful selection of appropriate technology. The aim of good waste management is to push waste up the hierarchy with landfill as a last resort. However given the current sorting technology, heterogeneous residues called Fines are created, they are considered at the present time as non-sortable and non-recoverable sent to second class landfills. A previous conducted study has revealed that fines contain several problematic substances for an inert classification. This article summarizes the most important problematic substances in fines for their acceptance inert landfills. These substances were identified by analyzing several samples collected from a siting of non-hazardous solid waste in the region of Rh&#244ne-Alpes in France. Eluate Analysis and fines analysis were conducted in order to identify the presence of any component that could prevent the classification of fines in an inert landfill. The obtained results were compared with the limit values for waste acceptance in an inert landfill. The study concluded that the six top-ranking problematic substances are Copper, Mercury, Antimony, Chloride, Fluoride and Sulfates, this study gives additional information on the origins of these substances that deserves particular attention to better limit their presence in the input of fines stream.

Understanding the Concept of Sustainable Development for Effective Solid Waste Management: Malaysia Perspective

Malaysia’s economy has experience a change of dependence on the agricultural sector to the industrial sector. This rapid economic change has been supported by the phenomenon of globalization. As a result, the culture and lifestyle of Malaysian has been inclined towards consumerism. This unsustainable lifestyle has led to drastic increase of solid waste generated annually. Immersion the concept of sustainable development in solid waste management is an initiative and effective approach in addressing solid waste generated problem. Accordingly. this paper discusses the integration of solid waste management with the concept of sustainable development is scrutinized to exemplify the features and components that essential in effective solid waste management. Besides that, the concept of Integrated Solid Waste Management (ISWM) is explored to acquaint the concept of effective solid waste management. Comprehending the concepts and each component related to sustainable development and solid waste management could be an insight towards effective solid waste management in developing countries.

A community-based approach to solid waste management for riverine and coastal resource sustainability in the Philippines

Improper solid waste management practices are harmful to riverine and coastal ecosystems. In the Philippines, the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act (Republic Act No. 9003) decentralized the management structure and mandated Local Government Units (LGUs) to adopt new integrated solid waste management (SWM) plans. However, LGUs often lack the capacity, understanding, and enforcement authority for effective SWM. With minimal SWM awareness leading to socio-economic and environmental problems, alternative management approaches may be effective. This paper discusses the creation and implementation of a community-based program to educate community members and develop sustainable initiatives to improve SWM practices that have been observed to affect riverine and coastal environments in Tabaco City, Albay, Philippines. The Save the Rivers, Save the Sea program was designed as a way to engage students and local youth in environmental issues in their communities. The program's first year mobilized a team of students and collected data from a community needs assessment, water quality analyses, and workshops, which we utilized to create a sustainable action plan for the remainder of the program. The action plan provides the program with goals and objectives in order to affect SWM change in Tabaco City's rivers and coastal environments. First-year program and observational findings demonstrated that community-based programs are effective tools for addressing SWM challenges but, to be sustainable, need to co-exist with a supportive and committed LGU.

A novel multi-dimensional modeling approach to integrated municipal solid waste management

An integrated system for waste reduction, collection, composting, recycling, and disposal is required to tackle the growing challenge of municipal solid waste management. Integrated Solid Waste Management (ISWM) involves many executive, operational and managerial decisions such as the siting of waste processing and disposal units, selection of waste-treatment technologies and allocation of waste flow to processing facilities and landfills. This study aims to satisfy the sustainability requirements for designing an ISWM system by taking economic, environmental and social factors into account. The present study utilized Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) in the Geographic Information System (GIS) environment and developed a reliable Suitability Indicator for siting the ISWM system's components. A new model is developed to minimize the fixed cost, minimize the transportation cost and maximize the suitability of the entire system. Considering the real-world constraints, the proposed model is proven to be practical, efficient and case-independent for designing an ISWM system and supporting the existing systems in both developing and developed countries. To realize the model effectively, the augmented version of ε-constraint is employed so that the model is implemented in the General Algebraic Modeling System (GAMS) software. The proposed approach is successfully applied to the existing ISWM system of Tehran, Iran, and the results show that 12%, 22% and 17% improvement can be achieved in terms of the fixed cost, transportation cost and total suitability of the system, respectively.

A deposição irregular de resíduos da construção civil no município de São Paulo: um estudo a partir dos instrumentos de políticas públicas ambientais

A deposição irregular de resíduos da construção civil (RCC) em locais públicos tem sido uma problemática nos municípios brasileiros, causando diversos impactos ambientais e custos de limpeza pública às municipalidades. Dessa maneira, o objetivo do presente estudo foi entender os principais fatores que podem induzir os geradores e empresas de transporte ao descarte irregular de resíduos da construção civil (RCC) no município de São Paulo. O procedimento metodológico adotado foi a pesquisa descritiva, por meio da identificação e análise de variáveis e aspectos relacionados ao fenômeno empírico do descarte irregular de RCC. Como técnicas para coleta de dados, utilizou-se a pesquisa documental, com ênfase no Plano de Gestão Integrada de Resíduos Sólidos (PGIRS) do município, além de outros documentos legais, complementados pela revisão bibliográfica. Concluiu-se que os principais fatores relacionados ao descarte irregular nos logradouros e áreas públicas podem estar associados à variável renda, limitando os pequenos geradores de baixa renda a demandarem a locação de caçambas para o transporte desses resíduos, bem como à dificuldade da acessibilidade e custos logísticos até os pontos de entrega voluntária (PEVs). Há também falta de razoabilidade e critérios adequados na definição do pequeno e grande gerador. O estudo sugere que haveria a necessidade de melhoria em formulação e implementação dos instrumentos de políticas públicas para solução da problemática aqui analisada. Especialmente, recomenda-se que os serviços de coleta, transporte e tratamento dos RCC sejam ofertados sob regime de direito público − remunerados por meio de taxa precificada com base em critérios sociais e ambientais −, para maior controle sobre os geradores e empresas de transporte.

Integrated Approaches to Water Resource and Solid Waste Management for Sustainable Development

AbstractWe aim in this paper to address the sustainability challenge of how an integrated approach can lead to figuring out solutions to complex issues for modern societies. We reviewed papers related to integrated water resource management (IWRM) and integrated solid waste management (ISWM) to advocate some innovative concepts and methodologies of sustainability science. An investigation of the concepts of IWRM and ISWM over various sustainability science research clusters and dimensions is presented. Water resource management projects at different scales and across various geographical boundaries are reviewed to understand the IWRM approach. The ISWM approach is discussed with regard to research topics and methodologies from selected case studies in developed and developing countries. We sought to look at various definitions, the integrated elements, and the similarities and differences between the two approaches. We also present our definitions for each approach. Our findings show how integrated thinking can help in achieving sustainable development. Finally, we present our recommendations for possible implications to the integrated approach in order to accelerate the process of sustainable development. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment

Integrated solid waste management: a palliative to existing waste management challenges in Jabi-District, Abuja

Effective solid waste management is the collective responsibility of a nation’s citizens and its government. For a sustainable built-environment, urban infrastructure will need to better meet the prevailing challenges of city environments with respect to: energy and water scarcity; pollution and emissions; traffic congestion; crime; waste disposal; and safety risks from ageing infrastructure. As a concept, Integrated Solid Waste Management (ISWM) is a sustainable practice underpinned by an increased capacity for material recovery from solid waste. However, an effective ISWM depends largely on the perspective of consumers on waste generation, collection and disposal. This survey is a qualitative appraisal of solid waste management practice in Jabi district of Abuja, Nigeria’s capital city, against the backdrop of solid waste best practices. The survey tools used were literature reviews, structured questionnaires, oral interviews/ focus group discussion and observation of the case study area over a one-year period. Questionnaire responses indicated that a waste collection routine by service providers exists and that the frequency of evacuation depended on the quantity of household waste generated. Survey results also indicated the following challenges to effective solid waste management in the case study area; non-sorting and bagging of waste at collection stage; poor/ inadequate infrastructure and machinery; a relaxed enforcement of the provisions of the ratified environmental regulations, etc. Possible solutions and recommendations toward a more sustainable built environment for Jabi are also proffered in accordance with global best practices.Keywords: Solid waste management, Urbanization, ISWM, Non-sorting, Best practices

Integrated solid waste management in megacities

Rapid urbanization and industrialization, population growth and economic growth in developing countries make management of municipal solid waste more complex comparing with developed countries. Furthermore, the conventional municipal solid waste management approach often is reductionists, not tailored to handle complexity. Therefore, the need to a comprehensive and multi-disciplinary approach regarding the municipal solid waste management problems is increasing. The concept of integrated solid waste management is accepted for this aim all over the world. This paper analyzes the current situation as well as opportunities and challenges regarding municipal solid waste management in Isfahan according to the integrated solid waste management framework in six aspects: environmental, political/legal, institutional, socio-cultural, financial/economic, technical and performance aspects. Based on the results obtained in this analysis, the main suggestions for future integrated solid waste management of Isfahan are as i) promoting financial sustainability by taking the solid waste fee and reducing the expenses through the promoting source collection of recyclable materials, ii) improving compost quality and also marketing the compost products simultaneously, iii) promoting the private sector involvements throughout the municipal solid waste management system.

Waste-to-energy and recycling value for developing integrated solid waste management plan in Lahore

ABSTRACTThis paper aims to determine the waste-to-energy (WTE) and recycling value of municipal solid waste (MSW) for developing an integrated solid waste management (ISWM) system for Lahore, the second largest city in Pakistan. The overall generated waste in Lahore contains 58% organic waste, 25% recyclables, and 17% others. The recyclable materials including glass, paper, and plastic are generating US$ 15.3 million per year mostly by informal sector. An estimated production of 0.45 m3 CH4/kg volatile solids with total energy value of 8747.3 TJ or 2.43 TWh can be achieved if the total organic waste stream (0.57 million ton/year) dumped at Saggian landfill site is processed using anaerobic digestion technology. The estimated refused derived fuel (RDF) value for MSW, excluding metals, glass, and other inorganic waste is about 7.71 MJ/kg with total energy potential of 6191.13 TJ or 1.72 TWh/year. The presence of high volatile organic carbon and fixed carbon in textile and paper-related waste confirmed their suitability for incineration process. A significant reduction in the final volume of waste reaching to landfill can be achieved if these WTE technologies and recycling practices are in place. This will make a premise for ISWM system in Lahore based on reduce, reuse, recycle, and recovery principles. The recovered materials and energy will not only generate revenue to fund waste management activities in Lahore, but also protect the River Ravi from waste pollution.

Planejamento municipal na gestão dos resíduos sólidos urbanos e na organização da coleta seletiva

RESUMO Este trabalho visa à análise dos Planos Municipais de Gestão Integrada de Resíduos Sólidos (PMGIRS), com o conteúdo previsto na Lei nº 12.305/2010, quanto à implantação da coleta seletiva. A Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (PNRS) hierarquizou a gestão e o gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos: não geração, redução, reutilização, reciclagem, tratamento e disposição final ambientalmente adequada dos rejeitos, além da responsabilidade compartilhada dos setores privado e público. Nesse contexto, a coleta seletiva se mostra instrumento-chave para essa hierarquia, sendo os PMGIRS importantes na definição de ações necessárias à concretização das metas desejadas. Para tanto, analisamos 17 planos de municípios com população acima de 200 mil habitantes. A análise concluiu pela não aderência da maior parte da amostra estudada, nos aspectos de coleta seletiva e reciclagem, por não atender aos requisitos mínimos da PNRS. Porém, os planos refletem pré-disposição para mudança e aumento da escala dada ao serviço prestado.

Introducing an Integrated Municipal Solid Waste Management System: Assessment in Jordan

&lt;p class="Body-Masterspaper"&gt;Municipal solid waste management (MSWM) is considered one of the challenging environmental problems in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Municipal solid waste increased significantly due to rapid population growth and fast urbanization, change in lifestyles and consumption patterns. Major problems associated with MSWM are poor collection rates, open dumping, and improper recycling that pose environmental damages. An environmental impact analysis of Jordan’s MSWM was required to look into opportunities for bringing in an integrated solid waste management (ISWM). In this paper, we analyzed the country’s MSWM as a case study in the MENA region. Our goal was to identify the most environmentally-friendly and economically-viable alternative to the current situation. Based on the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), we evaluated the potential environmental and economic impacts of 10 MSWM scenarios adopting different waste treatment technologies. Indicators of the environmental performance used were four impact categories of EDIP 2003 assessment method: Climate Change (GWP 100a), Acidification Potential, Eutrophication Potential and Human Toxicity. The results showed that improving the current MSWM with 72% of sanitary landfills with energy recovery and 28% of dry recyclable materials was the best scenario in terms of environmental impacts and economic cost. The cost recovery of this scenario was 155% compared to an average of 55.5% of the current cost recovery. The study also revealed that the materials recycled could be increased by 33.5% if the waste separation was applied at the source of generation.&lt;/p&gt;

Evaluating The Integrated Environmental Management Of Municipal Solid Waste In Osaka City, Japan

Many state-of-the-art concepts and technologies on managing MSW have been developed for years. However, in Indonesia, the practice may still be insufficient because of the institutional capacity issue. This study aimed to evaluate the integrated environmental management for municipal solid waste in Osaka City, Japan. Method in use was descriptive analysis by literature review using official document “Environmental Management in Osaka City for Fiscal Year 1999” by Osaka City Environmental Bureau. Result showed Osaka City was adopting and modifying the Integrated Solid Waste Management (ISWM) suggested by Tchobanoglous et al. [1993] hierarchically using “Waste Reduction Principles” and establishing “Environmental Management Bureau” to handle the integrated solid waste management practice. More importantly, the implementation of ISWM was completely supported by the central government by law which was The Waste Disposal and Public Cleaning Law and by regulation which was the task distribution among central, prefectural and municipal government in managing the solid waste. These approaches were proven to be effectively implemented from top to bottom level thus should be recommended to the government of Indonesia.

ASSESSMENT OF ORGANIC WASTE MANAGEMENT METHODS THROUGH ENERGY BALANCE

In Italy, the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid W aste (OFMSW) is nowadays landfilled or processed through aerobic composting. The Italian towns curre ntly support a high cost for OFMSW disposal and cause a high environmental impact, because of long distance s travelled from towns to a few available landfills and fewer treatment places, as well as the used waste m anagement methods. An interesting option for OFMSW is Anaerobic Digestion (AD), producing biogas and “digestate”. In this survey a theoretical biogas plant was placed near a town of Sicily Region (Italy), centra lised with reference to the area considered for pro ducing OFMSW. The distances travelled every year to transport OFMSW from the nine towns considered to the nearest composting plant and the biogas one were ca lculated using QGIS software. Therefore, the energy balance was computed for each of the four considered scenarios. Within the implementation of Integrate d Solid Waste Management (ISWM) method, AD resulted in an energy balance much higher than that of aerobi c composting. In fact, differently from composting, A D can significantly contribute to energy recovery, while retaining the nutrients in the digestate produced a nd reducing Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. The use of a rational network of towns for OFMSW collection and transportation results relevant, in terms of increa sed energy balance, only in the case of composting. The refore, if AD would be implemented as OFMSW management method, by means of biogas plants, each of them placed in an area including some towns, e.g . that considered in this survey, it could highly red uce the cost and the environmental impact of waste disposal.

Urban solid waste characteristics and household appetite for separation at source in Eastern and Southern Africa

Although the past decade has witnessed increased awareness of and efforts to implement integrated solid waste management in African cities, a chronic urban waste problem endures. Further, ‘end of pipe’ interventions remain dominant and popular with city administrators and there seems to be little appetite for policies towards comprehensive globally approved waste reduction, recycling and separation of waste at source that are critical to an effective integrated solid waste management system. Following a review of literature and complemented by field notes, this paper examines the willingness of urban households to participate in expanded at source waste separation in Bulawayo, Lusaka and Mombasa. It presents empirical evidence of household readiness to engage in such programs thus highlighting an untapped potential that policy makers should make use of in expanding urban solid waste recycling and waste reduction programmes in Eastern and Southern Africa. Such programmes would align well with emerging low carbon economies.