Integrated Safety Management Research Articles

도시철도 역무실 통합 안전관리시스템 디스플레이의 Ecological Interface Design Prototype 개발

Current subway station's office employee must perform safety management tasks by monitoring the various safety management systems. But these monitoring systems are limited in effective situational awareness and response to a state of emergency immediately. It is necessary to develop an integrated safety management system display. In this study, we developed subway station safety management system's (CCTV, fire detection & alarm system, screen door control equipment) integrated prototype display with ecological interface design framework and evaluated prototype display interface's usability with GOMS model. The result was that the ecological interface's performance was better than existing safety management system's interface.

Intelligent cars

The intelligent car initiative is designed to promote the use of new technologies to make cars safer, cleaner and more efficient. The various technologies like automatic emergency braking system, pedestrian safety, driver support, predictive cruise control, intelligent transportation system, integrated safety management etc. developed by the different car makers like Volvo, Mercedes, Tyota and GM motors ensure to provide a better and safe drive in the coming future. Also the use of various type of indicating devices used at the highways reduces the chance of any collision.

Integrated Safety Management System of the Railway Transport

Integrated Safety Management System of the Railway Transport The railway transport safety is the basic criterion responsible for its functioning evaluation, furthermore, it decides about its efficiency and also about the wide perceived grade of transport service quality. All parties, who are involved in the railway transport apply safety related procedures and they carry out the risk assessment regarding the process, which they perform for the railway engineering. In the article, there has been presented the present prevailing condition, but also the new legal requirements, connected with the safety in railway transport at the stage of design, manufacturing as well as the repair of products belonging to the railway transport, and also within the process of transport and management of both the railway infrastructure and railway sidings.

Integrated Safety Management System

The Safety Management System requires a structured Risk Management Process to be effective. In the technical fields where numerous potentially catastrophic risks exist, processes and procedures need to account not only for the hardware random failures but also of human errors. The technology has progressed to the point where the predominant safety risks are not so much the machine failures but that of the human interaction. Accidents are rarely the result of a single cause but of a number of latent contributing factors that when combined result in the accident. In the Aerospace industry, the operational risk to the fleet is assessed by the manufacturer and the operator independently and is used in safety and/or regulatory decision-making. For the manufacturer, the risk assessment is a philosophy whereby risk of a potential or actual occurrence is evaluated in comparison to the event analyzed in the system safety assessment or structural analysis performed for certification of the product. The resulting safety decision-making process involves integration of the probabilistic risk assessment, deterministic and severity perception elements such that the decisions made leads to corrective or preventative actions. The evaluations of the human factors elements are subjectively assessed based on individual experience based criteria and are difficult to integrate into the safety decision. The risk assessment is viewed as the process that records all these factors as the basis for the safety decision and prioritization of the corrective actions. In the Nuclear industry a risk-informed approach to safety and/or regulatory decision-making represents a philosophy whereby risk insights are considered together with other factors, including good engineering practice and experience, to establish the design requirements and operational issues commensurate with their importance to public health and safety. A standard risk-based approach to safety and/or regulatory decision-making is one in which a decision is based solely on the numerical results of a risk assessment. Quantitative risk analyses are important inputs to decision making, but they do not constitute an adequate or sufficient base of information for addressing the complex issues that face the nuclear power industry. For that reason such analyses are only one of the many contributing inputs to a comprehensive risk-informed decision making process. Risk-informed decision making involves integration of probabilistic, deterministic and non-quantifiable elements such that, overall, the decisions made lead to a resolution of the issue being considered that is commensurate with its risksignificance and is better to that likely to be reached if any approach is used in isolation. This paper intends to compare the Risk Management methodologies and procedures used in the Aerospace and Nuclear industries to highlight similarities and differences. The learning from these differences may then identify potential improvements to either methodology.

An integrated safety management with construction management using 4D CAD model

This paper describes an integrated system for safety and construction management using the 4D CAD model. Safety is integrated with the construction management process throughout design, planning and control phases. Design information about building components and planning information about activities has been gathered to formulate the 4D CAD model. The rule-based system analyzes this combined information to automatically detect any working-at-height hazards and also indicates necessary safety measures in terms of activities and requirements. These safety measures are inserted into the construction schedule and visualized on the 4D CAD together with the other construction sequences. A prototype is developed and verified with a project case study. The results show that the developed system can be a collaboration tool for designers, project engineers, safety officers, and other project participants. It can raise safety awareness of the team and it leads to revisions of design and plan to be consistent with safety. Safety measures are apparently on the schedule; therefore, right resources are allocated, safety constraints are considered and alleviated ahead of time, and the safety control can explicitly refer to as well. This contributes to the success of safety management in the construction industry.

Introduction of integrated environmental, health, and safety management system at OAO Alchevskkoks

An integrated environmental, health, and safety management system (EHS MS) has been developed at OAO Alchevskkoks. This system incorporates two spheres of plant activity: labor safety and environmental protection. The development of EHS documentation was completed in May 2009. The system is being prepared for an audit, to permit international certification.

Designing continuous safety improvement within chemical industrial areas

This article provides support in organizing and implementing novel concepts for enhancing safety on a cluster level of chemical plants. The paper elaborates the requirements for integrating Safety Management Systems of chemical plants situated within a so-called chemical cluster. Recommendations of existing Plant Safety Management System Codes of Good Practice are analyzed in relation to the needs of cluster chemical safety. The paper establishes comprehensive guidelines for gradually standardizing Plant Safety Management Systems through the design, the development and the installation of a Cluster Safety Management System within a group of chemical companies. A cluster organization framework is proposed and a scheme for continuously improving cluster and plant safety management via communication and cooperation at plant department level as well as at cluster level is suggested.

Graded Approach to Application of Quality Assurance Controls at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant

ABSTRACT This paper documents Washington TRU Solution's LLC (WTS) reengineering initiative for the application of graded approach at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP), which is a non-reactor nuclear facility used for permanent disposal of transuranic (TRU) waste. In the early 1990s, the “graded approach” concept to the application of quality assurance (QA) controls was institutionalized. Early application of QA controls were based on the importance of the item, service, or activity to nuclear safety. While this continued to be a primary driver, the design classification of items, originally developed by Bechtel during the construction of the WIPP also continued as an important part of the initial quality–affecting determination. New guidance introduced by DOE G 420.1-11 advocated the application of quality controls to the design, fabrication, construction, and modification of systems, structures, and components (SSCs) based on their importance to nuclear safety as analyzed in the documented safety analyses. With the new guidance in mind, the WIPP Safety Analysis Group, in concert with the QA Department, adopted a methodology to assure that quality and safety were sufficiently integrated consistent with the new guidelines. Two procedural enhancements resulting from the effort include 1) Functional Classification Determination for Design, and 2) Quality–Affecting Determination. Correspondingly, the graded approach process was reengineered so that the foundation of the quality–affecting determination is dependent on deliberate quality planning and is based on facility–specific or activity–specific factors consistent with their importance to safety and functional classification. The newly adopted methodology expanded the application of graded approach beyond SSCs or items to include activities and services such as procurement and procedures. The methodology was formalized in a quality assurance implementing procedure and cross-referenced in site design, maintenance, and procurement procedures. As a result, WIPP's enhanced graded approach process provides an effective management system tailored to WIPP operations and activities through the deliberate and graded application of QA elements. Importantly, the integration of the reengineered graded approach process with other site management systems forms the basis for the WIPP Integrated Safety Management System (ISMS), which provides a formal, organized process to plan, perform, assess, and improve the safe conduct of work. As a management tool, the newly improved graded approach methodology enhances the ability of WIPP personnel to better determine the application of quality. The selected controls will be commensurate with importance and relative risk to safety, waste isolation, and regulatory compliance. 1Non-Reactor Nuclear Safety Design Criteria and Explosives Safety Criteria Guide for use with DOE O 420.A. Facility Safety.

Perspectives on chemical hazard characterization and analysis process at DOE

The United States (U.S.) Department of Energy (DOE) has a policy of Integrated Safety Management System (ISMS) that requires a hazard analysis and implementation of controls to protect the workers and public in an authorized hazard facility. The ISMS applies to all DOE facilities through DOE P 450.4, Safety Management System Policy , and DOE Acquisition Regulation (DEAR) clause 48 CFR 970.5223-1, Integration of Environment, Safety, and Health into Work Planning and Execution . However, no DOE-order or standard currently exists that provides specific guidance for the development of safety basis (SB) documentation for non-nuclear facilities. Various DOE sites over the years have adopted individual site-specific chemical SB processes and documentation resulting in wide variations across the DOE complex. The CSTC Phase 1 report, Current Chemical Hazard Characterization Practices in the DOE Complex summarizes the variations in the DOE complex (CSTC 2003-C). 1 In order to provide a common understanding of non-nuclear SB for chemical facilities, this report identifies various steps involved in developing a safety document that includes essential features of the five core steps of the ISMS. The SB development is an iterative process, but in general order of process completion, the listed steps for chemical, non-nuclear facility safety document are: • Facility and work description; • Hazard identification; • Facility hazard classification – industry Process Safety Management (PSM) based versus DOE traditional based high/moderate/low classification; • Hazard analysis – qualitative and/or semi quantitative; • Identification of controls; • Commitments to safety management programs (SMP); • Document and approval process. The non-nuclear SB process – (a) looks at different methodologies including hazard analysis from the chemical industry and DOE-STD-3009 nuclear facility-like approaches that can be used to implement each step, and (b) describes the advantages and disadvantages of various implementing methodologies that are either already in use or could be used by non-nuclear facilities. To note, this report is not a proposed standard or guidance for chemical, non-nuclear safety document. This report outlines various steps and methodologies together with advantages and disadvantages associated with them. Each DOE/NNSA facility or site can determine the appropriate course of action based on the merits and demerits of each approach. Adoption of any step of the safety document is voluntary. While intended for chemical, non-nuclear SB applications, the report may be useful in other related areas such as the emergency management program as required by DOE O 151.1C and explosive operations as required by 29 CFR 1910.109.

VOLUNTEERS: BENEFIT OR DISTRACTION? AN INTERNATIONAL PROTOCOL FOR MANAGING VOLUNTEERS DURING AN OIL SPILL RESPONSE1

ABSTRACT A large outpouring of citizen volunteers may converge at the scene of a highly publicized, widespread oil spill in a coastal area. A spill response manager may be reluctant to use volunteers due to liability issues, their overwhelming numbers, the short term commitment by the majority of the volunteers, and the uncertain effectiveness of their actions. Given the high motivation of citizen volunteers and the local political climate, it may be unwise or impossible to turn the volunteers away. An international protocol for managing volunteers and ensuring their safety during an oil spill response is presented. This protocol defines the process of utilizing volunteers in a safe and orderly manner to achieve positive results in mitigating the adverse effects of an oil spill on the environment. important aspects of the protocol are the assignment of an experienced volunteer coordinator/manager, organization, site supervision, basic training, volunteer support/logistics, and integrated safety management at all levels.

Integrated Safety Management System and Iowa Safety Management System: Introduction to Workshop Results

Introduced are the ideas found in the integrated safety management system (ISMSystem), published as National Cooperative Highway Research Program Report 501. The ISMSystem is founded upon the principle that aligning the activities of different agencies within a jurisdiction can result in a level of safety unobtainable by those agencies working independently and in decision-making isolation. In addition to providing highway safety benefits, implementing the ISMSystem should result in cost savings when the resources of different agencies are pooled and shared. The ISMSystem describes an organizational structure that includes a coalition of highway safety agencies that develops a common mission and vision at the highest level of management. Safety professionals with expertise in relevant emphasis areas are recruited into teams to address the specific goals set out by the coalition and in doing so produce action plans that integrate the activities of the implementing agencies. The integrated safety management process describes the process for going from crash data to integrated action plans to increase safety. A workshop introducing safety professionals to the ISMSystem and allowing multidisciplinary teams to practice developing strategies to address safety emphasis areas has been recently conducted in the state of Iowa. The key lessons from the Iowa workshop are summarized, including the need for setting quantifiable safety goals, the need for both horizontal and vertical agency integration, interaction among emphasis areas, and the types of issues the ISMSystem is designed to address.

Computer‐aided plant enterprise safety management system (CAPE‐SAFE)—design framework

AbstractRecent researches in the area of safety engineering highlighted the role of automated (computer‐aided) tools in managing plant enterprise safety activities. This research has been carried out as collaboration with industry to design a computer‐aided plant enterprise safety management system called CAPE‐SAFE. The solution has been proposed to fulfill the need for standard and integrated safety management system that covers all aspects of plant enterprise safety. The proposed solution is integrated with other systems and components within plant enterprise engineering environment (PEEE) to enable exchanging and sharing lifecycle information and knowledge. The information system structure of the proposed solution has been presented as well as the design framework of the system components and modules. Hydrodesulfurization (HDS) continuous plant is used as a case study to illustrate the mechanism of CAPE‐SAFE and to describe the interaction with other components within PEEE. The proposed solution will help in reducing the overall operating cost as well as the risk associated with plant operation. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Eng 5: 109–122, 2002

Integrated Safety Management in Team-Work Organizations

The group and team work has expanded during the 1990's in Finland. Changes in the role of the management and in the work organization have had marked impact also on safety measures. A research project was targeted towards clarifying safety issues in the team work. Rules and responsibilieties were defined together with the production personnel. Measures to integrate safety with the team work were specified, as well as criteria for successful team activities. The effect of team organization on safety culture and occupational accidents were evaluated.

Integrated safety management at a Department of Energy contractor laboratory

Integrated safety management at a Department of Energy contractor laboratory

2 Systems Engineering Applied to Integrated Safety Management for High Consequence Facilities

AbstractIntegrated Safety Management is a concept that is being actively promoted by the U.S. Department of Energy as a means of assuring safe operation of its facilities. The concept involves the integration of safety precepts into work planning rather than adjusting for safe operations after work activities have already been defined. The system engineering techniques used to design an integrated safety management system for a high consequence research facility are described. An example is given to show how the system design evolved over time.

Building an integrated environmental, health, and safety management system

AbstractThis article discusses an integrated management system that aligns and integrates the various environmental, health, and safety functions and disciplines. This model is easily adopted to provide performance measures required to satisfy Responsible Care®, ISO 14001, and the European Union EMAS requirements.

Integrated safety management information system part II: Allocation of resources

Part II of this paper (Part I was published in this journal in Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 135–157) illustrates the potential use of ISMIS decision algorithms in dealing with safety resources problems. Examples are included to demonstrate how the system can be used in the development and implementation of optimum safety inspection plans. The potential role of the system in maintaining and improving occupational safety and health programs is outlined.

Integrated safety management information system part I: Design and architecture

Ayoub, M.A., 1979. Integrated safety management information system. Part I: Design and architecture. Journal of Occupational Accidents, 2: 135–157. This paper, presented in two parts, introduces a total safety management information system designed to accomplish two primary tasks: (1) recording and maintaining accident and safety records of a large business concern and (2) determining the optimum allocations and utilization of safety resources. Part I addresses the design principles and architecture of a safety management information system. This includes description of system files, input records, and software. Samples of the different types of system output reports are given and discussed. Part II (to be published in next issue of this journal) of the paper illustrates the potential use of ISMIS decision algorithms in dealing with safety resources problems. Examples are included to demonstrate how the system can be used in the development and implementation of optimum safety inspection plans. The potential role of the system in maintaining and improving occupational safety and health programs is outlined.