Integrated Product Development Research Articles

Exploration on Whole Procedure Precision Management of Teaching and Scientific Research

Teaching and scientific research management methods of some colleges and universities in our country have been difficult to adapt to the institutional innovation over years in the reform of colleges and universities. This work proposes an integrated product development (IPD) based management method of teaching and scientific research. The proposed method emphasizes the whole process of teaching and scientific research, and precision management to ensure teaching and scientific research quality. One can apply it to the colleges and universities from the aspects of ideological preparation, system construction, decision making and management team construction, and technical facilities construction.

The reference view for semantic interoperability in Integrated Product Development Process: The conceptual structure for injecting thin walled plastic products

Abstract The ongoing sophistication in costumer's needs have increased the complexity in the Integrated Product Development Process (IPDP). This remarkable growth demands that systems offer support to many different stages of IPDP, going across early planning and practical development phases. Concurrently, the level of detail and quantity of information are exponentially growing in this applications. However, there was also an increase in the number of semantic obstacles to sharing information across systems. These semantic obstacles are mainly related to the heterogenic nature of the information, which has its captured meaning interpreted in a divergent way, increasing the project costs and development time. In this context, this article contributes to the development of the core ontologies from the Reference View, to aid the semantic interoperability in the Product Design stage, further improving the exchange of information during different phases of the IPDP. The core ontologies research is focused on supporting the development of a plastic injected product, gathering and sharing information across the domains of part and mould design, mould manufacture and materials selection. The experimental system has demonstrated the potential to aid the exchange of information and inconsistency analysis in the Integrated Product Development Process.

2412 IBMの製品開発体系IPDにおけるプロジェクトの考え方(一般セッション)

2412 IBMの製品開発体系IPDにおけるプロジェクトの考え方(一般セッション)

Does importer involvement contribute to product innovation? The role of export market factors and intra-firm coordination

Relying on insights from resource dependence and information processing theory, this study analyzes the extent to which an importer's involvement influences product innovation at the industrial exporter firm. We consider two modes of involvement, collecting importer's feedback and importer integration in the product development effort. We propose that the relationship between importer involvement and product innovation is contingent upon the level of inter-functional coordination within the development firm, and contextual factors related to the export market. Data were collected from export companies participating in different international business-to-business markets. Results show that firms with high inter-functional coordination achieved higher leverage from importer feedback, but obtain no impact from importer integration in product development (PD). Contextual factors affect the relationship between importer involvement and product innovation: importer feedback affects product innovation in environments with intense competition and low technological turbulence. Importer integration in PD has a significant effect on product innovation in environments with low competitive intensity and high technological turbulence. This study contributes to a better understanding of the conditions that allow an exporter firm to create value through external relationships. Theoretical and managerial implications of these findings are discussed.

Design for Autonomy: Integrating Technology Transfer into Product Development Process

This paper presents the integrated product development tool Design for Autonomy for reengineering of complex products. The objective is to assure that the product can be designed, produced and operated in Brazil for a defined period of time at a minimum risk of being dependent on export bans or unavailability of components. This tool is a new member of the Design for X family, which aims at integrating the requirements from the autonomy area into the conceptual phase of the product development process. Development guidelines derived from the procedures of the generic Design for X development framework are presented that lead to a balance between functionality and operability. The Design for Autonomy tool contains four steps: (1) Analysis of the product in order to identify critical elements; (2) Preparation of nationalization; (3) Reverse engineering of the original product in order to obtain technological know-how; and (4) Forward engineering for a national product, stimulating improvements and added value. The implementation can be evaluated by qualitative and quantitative performance criteria comparing the national product with the baseline configuration of the original product. The Design for Autonomy tool is being successfully applied and verified on a pilot project in the Brazilian space sector.

Efficient Design Module Capture and Representation for Product Family Reuse

New business models and more integrated product development processes require designers to make use of knowledge more efficiently. Capture and reuse are means of coping, but support, techniques, and mechanisms have yet to be sufficiently addressed. This paper consequently explores how computer-aided technologies (CAx) and a computer-aided design (CAD) model-oriented approach can be used to improve the efficiency of design module capture and representation for product family reuse. The first contribution of this paper is the investigation performed at a Swedish manufacturing company and a set of identified challenges related to design capture and representation for reuse in product family development. The second contribution is a demonstrated and evaluated set of systems and tools, which exemplifies how these challenges can be approached. Efficient design capture is achieved by a combination of automated and simplified design capture, derived from the design implementation (CAD model definition) to the extent possible. Different design representations can then be accessed by the designer using the CAD-internal tool interface. A web application is an example of more general-purpose representation to tailor design content, all of which is managed by a product lifecycle management (PLM) system. Design capture is based on a modular view block definition, stored in formal information models, management by a PLM system, for consistent and reliable design content. It was, however, introduced to support the rich and expressive forms of capture and representation required to facilitate understanding, use, and reuse of varied and increasingly complex designs. A key element in being able to describe a complex design and its implementation has been capture and representation of a set of design states. The solution has been demonstrated to effectively be able to capture and represent significant portions of a step-by-step design training material and the implementation of complex design module through a set of design decisions taken. The validity and relevance of the proposed solution is strengthened by the level of acceptance and perceived value from experienced users, together with the fact that the company is implementing parts of it today.

Complex development of a product in the conditions of parallel design of a product and production

The article presents the content of the product complex development in industry analyzed from the viewpoint of technological and engineering design of production systems, industry products and production organization. The integrated product development (IPD) is understood as the process of multi-dimensional adaptation interaction of all system participants (business-structure systems) in the frame of a high-technology product creation. Such an interaction presumes the early involvement of all the design participants, concordance of tasks and interests, sharing risks and rewards, balancing of the processes (business- process, technological process) when implementing mutual project targets. The complex approach allows to ensure the high level of project completion on early stages, saving thus the execution and documentation of following projects steps efforts. In contrast to traditional projects, the IPD projects distribute the project’s risks and rewards among all team members, stimulating thus the cooperation in reaching project targets. One of advantages of IPD approach is the possibility to attend and participate in the project from the early stage. Despite the advantages mentioned, the practical implementation of IPD projects is hampered due to several reasons: 1) Organizational and technical problems. It becomes necessary to unify production systems, as well as production and technology management of integration system participants, to create an integral system of resource flows redistribution among partners, to reduce “technology conflicts” on production joints , and many other problems; 2) Legal problems. It is obvious that it is essential to create the unified working documentation, documents to ensure business and technology processes, unified standards and technical conditions; 3) Domestic producers are not ready to accept “deep integration” among participants of product creation beginning from conceptual (initial) projecting.

Internal and External Involvements in Integrated Product Development: A Two-Step Clustering Approach

The term Integrated Product Development (IPD) has been introduced as a focus for cross-disciplinary research and can have several forms, or manifestations, with regard to the existing disciplines such as concurrent engineering and design for manufacturing. Of central importance to IPD is the interpretation of the term “integration”, particularly with regard to internal and external elements. However, there is not yet an explicit understanding of an appropriate degree of integration, or involvement, with respect to its different forms, that can assure successful implementation of IPD frameworks in practice. Through a review and clustering of the literature, this paper aims to address this challenge.

The Application of Reference Ontologies for Semantic Interoperability in an Integrated Product Development Process in Smart Factories

Efficient information sharing demands formal information structures in order to make sure the semantic interoperability across different phases of Product Development Process. This research presents an application of reference ontologies to support semantic interoperability during the Product Development Process. The concepts inherent to the product development process are formalized in reference ontologies and these ontologies are specialized according to the specific product data, respecting semantic rules. As a result, the potential benefits and limitations of the ontology-driven interoperability were discussed, contributing to the semantic interoperability field and improving the product and manufacturing design.

Method for integrated product development oriented to sustainability

The discussion on the new strategies related to the sustainable product development process has required a new perception of strategies in the design process. In this context, this paper proposes a method for integrated product development process oriented to sustainability. The method presents a logical sequence to promote the interaction between the definitions of product category, and the selection of design for environmental strategies for the product design. The proposed method consists of three steps: (i) definition of product category and phases most impacted by the strategies; (ii) definition of design for environment strategies for the product; and (iii) definition of recommendations for design. Its logical sequence promotes the interaction between the involved areas and its adoption does not depend on the integrated product development process model selected and does not generate any additional costs. Four case studies were developed to evaluate the method and the results showed that it is a comprehensive and practicable method that promotes significant reduction on resources and energy consumption in the product manufacturing processes. The method has great potential to support decision-making in the design process of a sustainable product since it guides the design towards the development of more efficient products and anticipates the visualization of critical points and the improvements that need to be addressed.

Erratum to: Critical factors for the dimensional management system (DMS) implementation in manufacturing industries

This paper presents the critical factors that constitute a successful deployment of the dimensional management system (DMS) methodology in manufacturing industries. DMS refers to a process by which the whole integrated product development (i.e. conception, design, manufacturing and inspection) is systematically defined and monitored to meet predetermined dimensional quality goals. A deep research on academic literature was performed to raise 26 factors considered critical for a successful DMS implementation. Professionals who work in this area were surveyed about the importance of each factor, both in a conceptual view and degree of application of this same factor according to their experience. The survey was conducted in two different approaches to provide a clear comparison between these two contrasting aspects. After that, a management model that considers the top-rated factors obtained from the survey results, analysed by statistical multidimensional tools, is proposed. The factor importance/application ranking is a preliminary model which aims at offering a starting point for researchers concerned in continuing this analysis or to offer a guide for industries interested in this methodology.

Potential application of Six Sigma tool in the integrated product development process

The Six Sigma program was first created to analyze the occurrence of defects with the reduction of variability around a target value of a characteristic that measured product performance. However, its objectives now transcend the original purpose, encompassing a new philosophy of problem solving that extols the analysis and diagnosis of the problem before actions are taken to solve it. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the implementation of the Six Sigma approach in companies and to identify difficulties and best practices that can contribute to the efficiency of the Six Sigma tool in the integrated product development process. Those practices are generated from literature and the companies’ reality. An exploratory analysis is made from a sample of the greatest industrial and technological companies from Brazil. The main scope of the analysis consists of assessing the perception of those companies about the ability of Six Sigma tool to improve their processes of technological innovation and new products development. In addition, we compare long-standing theoretical issues against actions carried out by those companies. The results show that the main perceived contribution of Design for Six Sigma is to establish a structured method that conducts the translation of market demands into specifications for a new product development. The interviewed companies understand the Six Sigma tool as an isolated application of tools, which are not integrated in the New Product Development Process information flow.

Achieving Environmental Performance through Design for Environment (DFE) Process in Foundry Operations

A detailed discussion is made on how to develop an implementation procedure for design for environment (DFE) management program. A foundry manufacturing enterprise was chosen for comprehensive assessment and recommendation in this research. The main thrust of this work was to develop theory on how DFE could be comprehensively and consistently managed in daily business situation of product development. It was realized that an integration of environmental management systems, design for Environment, and integrated product development was necessary to achieve this. It was found that an intersection existed where three areas needed to coexist. Hence, theory and a model needed to be developed that explained and guided the management of DFE in the industry. The use of DFE for foundry industry would go a long way in preserving the environment and reducing costs for production hence create more profits.

Integrating Product and Technology Development: A Proposed Reference Model for Dual Innovation

Although dual innovation projects, defined in this article as the concurrent development of products and technologies, often occur in industry, these are only scarcely supported methodologically. Limited research has been done about dual innovation projects and their inherent challenges (e.g. managing dependencies) and opportunities (e.g. streamlining development). This paper presents five existing reference models for technology development (TD), which were identified via a systematic literature review, where their possible integration with product development (PD) reference models was investigated. Based on the specific characteristics desired for dual innovation projects, such as integrated product development and coverage of multiple development stages, a set of selection criteria was employed to select suitable PD and TD reference models. The integration and adaptation of the selected models has led to a proposed integrated reference model for dual innovation that is currently being instantiated in the context of an ongoing action research project.

Control and Diagnosis in Integrated Product Development - Observations during the Development of an AGV

This paper is concerned with the integration of control and diagnosis functionalities into the development of complete systems which include mechanical, electrical and electronic subsystems. For the development of such systems the strategies, methods and tools of integrated product development have attracted significant attention during the last decades. Today, it is generally observed that product development processes of complex systems can only be successful if the activities in the different domains are well connected and synchronised and if an ongoing communication is present - an ongoing communication spanning the technical domains and also including functions such as production planning, marketing/distribution, quality assurance, service and project planning. Obviously, numerous approaches to tackle this challenge are present in scientific literature and in industrial practice, as well. Today, the functionality and safety of most products is to a large degree dependent on control and diagnosis functionalities. Still, there is comparatively little research concentrating on the integration of the development of these functionalities into the overall product development processes. The main source of insight of the presented research is the product development process of an Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV) which is intended to be used on rough terrain. The paper starts with a background describing Integrated Product Development. The second section deals with the product development of the sample product. The third part summarizes some insights and formulates first hypotheses concerning control and diagnosis in Integrated Product Development.

Commercial‐scale biotherapeutics manufacturing facility for plant‐made pharmaceuticals

Rapid, large-scale manufacture of medical countermeasures can be uniquely met by the plant-made-pharmaceutical platform technology. As a participant in the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) Blue Angel project, the Caliber Biotherapeutics facility was designed, constructed, commissioned and released a therapeutic target (H1N1 influenza subunit vaccine) in <18 months from groundbreaking. As of 2015, this facility was one of the world's largest plant-based manufacturing facilities, with the capacity to process over 3500 kg of plant biomass per week in an automated multilevel growing environment using proprietary LED lighting. The facility can commission additional plant grow rooms that are already built to double this capacity. In addition to the commercial-scale manufacturing facility, a pilot production facility was designed based on the large-scale manufacturing specifications as a way to integrate product development and technology transfer. The primary research, development and manufacturing system employs vacuum-infiltrated Nicotiana benthamiana plants grown in a fully contained, hydroponic system for transient expression of recombinant proteins. This expression platform has been linked to a downstream process system, analytical characterization, and assessment of biological activity. This integrated approach has demonstrated rapid, high-quality production of therapeutic monoclonal antibody targets, including a panel of rituximab biosimilar/biobetter molecules and antiviral antibodies against influenza and dengue fever.

Application Feature Model for Geometrical Specification of Assemblies

The work begins with the description of a Domain Meta-Model for collaborative and integrated product development based on a Feature Model that aggregates all Application Features required to support domain specific reasoning. These Application Features are conceived as an aggregation of several Object Features containing all the knowledge about the structure and geometric interface that are the solution for a certain function. Afterwards, the Specification Feature, as a specialisation of the previous feature, is presented. This contains information about geometry, nominal and with defects, as well as about the relations established between them in the dimensional and geometrical specification process of an assembly, as established by GPS standard. Finally, the Specification Assembly Model is shown, an assembly model based on the Specification Feature and on the description of specifications using the Geospelling language.

Function and process modeling for integrated product and manufacturing system platforms

Manufacturing companies face increasingly tougher individual customer requirements that force them to revise conceptual solutions for the redesigning of products. This situation limits the reuse of ready-made components and requires physical changes to the manufacturing system. In these settings, platforms must be prepared with greater flexibility to allow development over time. The corresponding platform models need to include conceptual considerations for products and manufacturing systems. The literature advocates functional modeling to capture these considerations but applies it separately to either the product domain or to the manufacturing domain. Further, its relationship to manufacturing processes is not expounded. Thus, functional modeling falls short of its potential to facilitate the integrated development of products and manufacturing systems.This paper puts forth an integrated platform model using functional modeling to capture the conceptual considerations for products and manufacturing systems together with the manufacturing processes. The model is tested for consistency and then illustrated by studying a real case example from the automotive industry modeled according to the approach suggested. The example shows that the model facilitates an understanding of the design of products and their manufacturing systems, including functions shared across domains and across lifecycle phases. Thus, the model is proposed for the conceptual phase of designing, aimed at reusing and redesigning components, machinery, manufacturing processes and design solutions.

Integration Definition Methods to Support Product Design for Assistive Technology

Integrated Product Development Process (IPDP) oriented for Assistive Technology (AT) usually engages multidisciplinary areas for design development. The involvement of professionals from different areas contributes to strengthening the IPDP phases, but a major barrier is the correct interpretation and understanding of the information shared by them, which allows the addressing of the product’s requirements and the feeding of the design structure. This paper aims to outline the first steps of the IPDP oriented for TA using the Integrated Definition Methods (IDEF) tool applied to a device design to assist in the training of athletes with visual disabilities. This step of the process focused on Object-Oriented Design Method (IDEF4) and Ontology Capture Method (IDEF5) from IDEF family. The result shows that through the use of the IDEF method oriented for the design of an AT product, the information sharing and the design global aspect to all team members was favored, promoting better communication.

Application of Integrated Product Development Model Oriented to R&amp;D Projects of the Brazilian Electricity Sector

The R&amp;D Programof the Brazilian Electricity Sector has recently begun to encourage the newly developed technologies transference to market through R&amp;D projects. However, the lack of adequate methodological references for project planning led the authors to propose a model to assist the energy utilities and research teams in the elaboration of R&amp;D projects proposals for the electricity sector. In this context, this paper presents a case study of the Integrated Product Development Model Oriented for R&amp;D Projects of the Brazilian Electricity Sector (MOR&amp;D) application to elaborate a project of pioneer lot for a newly developed of a safety equipment with the incentives of the R&amp;D Program, showing that, as in industry, a well-structured model may be the way to generate innovative projects and products, meeting completely the guidelines that all electric utilities are subject.