Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle Technology Research Articles

Barriers to Adoption of Clean and Efficient Technologies in the Indian Power Sector: An Analysis Using Ahp

Coal accounts for more than 70 % of total power generation in India. As India aspires to achieve higher economic growth, demand for electricity would rise significantly. A significant proportion of the future supply would continue to be produced using fossil fuels primarily domestic coal. Most of the fossil fuel technologies in place in the Indian power sector have hitherto paid less attention to the global environmental concerns except those emanating from local regulations and promotion of renewable energies to some extent. In a study conducted under the AARPEEC Project Phase II, three most promising clean and energy efficient technologies were identified for adoption in the Indian power sector. These were - Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle Coal technology (IGCC), Pulverised Fluidised Bed Combustion (PFBC) and Biomass Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle technology (BIGCC). Availability of technical know how is not expected to translate into adoption of such technologies in the Indian power sector. With the emerging competition in the Indian power sector, cost of power produced would drive home the fact that expensive clean technologies may not make easy inroads in a significant way. A survey of key stakeholders in the Indian power sector was conducted. The responses were further analysed using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) methodology so as to rank the barriers to adoption of identified technologies. Policies and measures to remove the barriers were also identified and analysed.

The impact of carbon sequestration on the production cost of electricity and hydrogen from coal and natural-gas technologies in Europe in the medium term

Carbon sequestration is a distinct technological option with a potential for controlling carbon emissions; it complements other measures, such as improvements in energy efficiency and utilization of renewable energy sources. The deployment of carbon sequestration technologies in electricity generation and hydrogen production will increase the production costs of these energy carriers. Our economic assessment has shown that the introduction of carbon sequestration technologies in Europe in 2020, will result in an increase in the production cost of electricity by coal and natural gas technologies of 30–55% depending on the electricity-generation technology used; gas turbines will remain the most competitive option for generating electricity; and integrated gasification combined cycle technology will become competitive. When carbon sequestration is coupled with natural-gas steam reforming or coal gasification for hydrogen production, the production cost of hydrogen will increase by 14–16%. Furthermore, natural-gas steam reforming with carbon sequestration is far more economically competitive than coal gasification.

Cleaner energy production with integrated gasification combined cycle systems and use of metal oxide sorbents for H2S cleanup from coal gas

World primary energy demand increases with increases in population and economic development. Within the last 25 years, total energy consumption has almost doubled. In order to meet this demand, research into new sources of energy as well as improving the efficiency of energy production technologies is being carried out. In both cases, the production of clean energy is very important because of environmental concerns and regulations. Integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) technology seems to be one of the most promising technologies for production of energy by using fossil fuels, especially coal. Hot gas desulfurization is a crucial issue in the development of the IGCC system. This paper reviews the importance of clean energy production, the IGCC technology and focuses on the development of several metal oxide-based sorbents used for desulfurization of the hot coal gas in the IGCC system.

00/00979 Development of pressurized coal partial combustor

The integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC), an environment-friendly power generation system of high thermal efficiency, is being developed via various approaches around the world. The oxygen-blown entrained flow gasification process is a relatively simple method of producing medium calorie coal gas suitable for application to gas turbines. Various systems for this process have been developed to a demonstration level in Europe and America. Japan has actively been developing the air-blown process. However, taking stable molten slag discharge into consideration, coal must be supplied at two stages to raise the combustor temperature in ash molten part. Only two reports have been presented regarding two-stage coal supply. One is the report on an experiment with the Hycol gasifier, in which air feed ratio is varied, with coal feed fixed. The other is report on a simulation study with various gasifier coal feed ratios, conducted at Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry. It seems that the appropriate feed ratio has not yet been established. Through this activity, a unique furnace construction has been established, and these influences of stoichiometric air ratio, of oxygen enrichment, of char recycling and of coal types on performance have been clarified. The purpose of the present studymore » is to apply this developed CPC techniques to a Pressurized CPC (PCPC), thereby improving the IGCC technology. For the present study, we conducted systematic experiments on the air-blown process with a two stage dry feed system, using a 7 t/d-coal bench scale PCPC test facility, operated at the pressure of 0.4 MPa, and clarified the influence of coal feed ratio on coal gasification performance. This report describes the above-mentioned bench scale test procedures and results, and also some informations about a plan of a 25 t/d-coal pilot test system.« less

99/03651 Sorbent development for transport reactor applications: Gupta, R. P. et al. Proc. Annu. Int. Pittsburgh Coal Conf., [computer optial disk], 1998, 345–361

Advanced power generation systems employing gasification of carbonaceous fuels offer increased efficiency and reduced emissions over pulverized coal-fired boiler systems currently in service. Integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) is the leading gasification-based system which is being advanced worldwide to produce electricity from carbonaceous fuels. This technology has the potential to reduce sulfur and nitrogen emissions the precursors of acid-rain and could lead to significant reductions in carbon dioxide emissions, which, it is believed, are major contributors to global warming. Successful commercialization of the IGCC technology requires economic competitiveness with other power generation systems. This economic competitiveness has propelled research and development of gas desulfurization systems. A number of mixed metal oxide sorbents have been investigated for removal of reduced sulfur species (H{sub 2}S, COS, CS{sub 2}, etc.) at high-temperature, high-pressure (HTHP) conditions, the best candidates have been the ZnO-based sorbents because of their ability to reduce the fuel gas sulfur level to a few parts per million by volume (ppmv). The work described in this paper deals with the development of zinc titanate sorbents for transport reactor applications.

99/01536 Manufacture of pig iron with injection of fuels and other materials through blast-furnace tuyeres. Part I. Characteristics of auxiliary fuels and their effect on the blast-furnace process : Garcia, L. et al. Rev. Metal., 1998, 34, (1), 51–59. (In Spanish)

The integrated-gasification-combined-cycle (IGCC) system has been proposed as one of the energy-producting technologies that can assist in reducing the emission of carbon dioxide, CO2, while still providing a high electric efficiency.With these arguments as a basis, A. Ahlstrom Corporation of Finland and Sydkraft AB of Sweden decided to develop jointly the Bioflow Energy System based on IGCC technology and utilizing biomass as fuel. An essential part of this co-operation is the construction of a demonstration plant in the city of Värnamo in southern Sweden. This plant, which will generate 6 MW of electricity and 9 MW of district heating, is based on circulating fluidized-bed technology. Plant commissioning started in the spring of 1993.The biomass-based IGCC technology, the Värnamo demonstration plant, and other development work are discussed in this paper.

The IGCC demonstration plant at Värnamo

The integrated-gasification-combined-cycle (IGCC) system has been proposed as one of the energy-producting technologies that can assist in reducing the emission of carbon dioxide, CO 2, while still providing a high electric efficiency. With these arguments as a basis, A. Ahlstrom Corporation of Finland and Sydkraft AB of Sweden decided to develop jointly the Bioflow Energy System based on IGCC technology and utilizing biomass as fuel. An essential part of this co-operation is the construction of a demonstration plant in the city of Värnamo in southern Sweden. This plant, which will generate 6 MW of electricity and 9 MW of district heating, is based on circulating fluidized-bed technology. Plant commissioning started in the spring of 1993. The biomass-based IGCC technology, the Värnamo demonstration plant, and other development work are discussed in this paper.

Materials testing at Cool Water coal gasification plant

The Cool Water Coal Gasification Program built and operated the first commercial-scale prototype of an integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power plant. This Program demonstrated the economic and technical feasibility of IGCC technology and provided a foundation for future construction and operation of coal gasification-based power plants.