Integrated Coastal Management Research Articles

Research on the implementation of integrated coastal management principles in Taiwan to mitigate disputes related to nuclear waste disposal

Taiwan's nuclear power plants are situated in coastal regions characterized by abundant socio-economic and ecological significance. In the context of managing high-level radioactive waste storage and disposal in the future, alongside technical considerations, there exist challenges related to public acceptance and communication. Radioactive waste management, including the siting of storage or disposal facilities, is a socially sensitive matter. The storage and disposal of radioactive waste represent a complex and multifaceted challenge that requires a comprehensive approach spanning multiple disciplines. One of the functions of Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) is to coordinate conflicts related to coastal use. The concept has been progressively embraced and implemented by nations globally. This study employs grounded theory to examine the perspectives of the interviewed stakeholders. It subsequently introduces the principles of integrated coastal management for conflict resolution post-compilation. The study utilizes the principles and mechanisms of integrated coastal management to address or alleviate the challenges related to radioactive waste management in our country. Issues concerning conflict in relation to storage and disposal.

Cormorant management in Denmark: A retrospective analysis using the Systems Approach Framework

Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) aims to ensure sustainable management of coastal areas. The Systems Approach Framework (SAF) provides a structure for an ICM process that includes scenario simulations of management options for complex systems. Through the SAF stakeholders are identified and engaged at an early stage. Further, the SAF guides a process to assess the ecological sustainability, economic efficiency, and social equity of management options, even for complex issues. Implementation of the European Union's Birds Directive (BD) in 1979 instigated protective management plans to protect a waning population of cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis). Since then, multiple adjustments were made to the management plans to mitigate arising issues and conflicts. In this study, we used the SAF to conduct a retrospective analysis of cormorant management in Europe, Denmark, and a local community in order to identify which ICM elements were put into effect and their effectiveness. The analysis comprised the two initial steps of the SAF: Issue Identification and System Design. Data and information were extracted from EU and Danish management plans, available literature and interviews with stakeholders. The management process was divided into two periods related to the motivation: i), 1979–2002 focusing on cormorant protection promoted by nature conservations organisations, and ii), 2003–2020 focusing on ad hoc adaptive management to mitigate negative effects of an exponentially increasing cormorant population on other sectors and related income and activities. Our study revealed that cormorant management at all levels lacked elements important for a sustainable ICM process. Implementation of the BD was a top-down process leading to a single sector solution, influenced by a few highly organised stakeholders with strong views. The ecological issue of protecting the species was resolved, but the lack of Systems Thinking and specific success targets, for which indicators could have been developed, led to new conflicts and negative user perceptions. In response to increasing and new emerging conflicts, more stakeholders became involved during the second period. Thorough mapping of stakeholders, institutions and governance structures at the outset could have provided for a more transparent, inclusive, and participatory process. In addition, the management plans did not involve cross-sectorial, bio-economic assessments. The latter would have allowed deliberations of potential ecological and socio-economic consequences of different management options, which could have enhanced transparency and equity in the decision-making and thus could have facilitated compliance and long-term sustainability during implementation.

Community-Centered Approach to Integrated Coastal Management Strategy for Sustainable Development of the Blue Economy in Mtwara Region, Tanzania

This article explores the potential of the Blue Economy and its application for sustainable development, focusing on the Mtwara region in Tanzania. It begins by examining the definitions, drivers, and future trends of the Blue Economy. The study is guided by three primary objectives: assessing current coastal resources and ecosystems in Mtwara, evaluating the effectiveness of existing Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) initiatives, and analyzing policy and governance frameworks related to coastal resource management in Tanzania. The research methodology includes a review of governance frameworks across major Blue Economy sectors and semi-structured interviews to uncover insights, challenges, and policy implications. Guided by the Social-Ecological Systems (SES) framework, the article emphasizes the interconnectedness of human activities and natural processes, essential for sustainable development. The article is structured into sections: background on the Blue Economy, foundational perspectives, discussion, and conclusion.

Analysis of Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) of Honduras

Honduras is a country that has a coastal zone with many marine resources, however, the lack of mechanisms for integrated coastal management (icm) programs have slowed down the conservation and development of the resources found there, the object of this study was to carry out an analysis and collect information about the different policies and instruments that provide the basis for formulating integrated coastal management in Honduras. Keywords: Integrated coastal management (icm), coastal policies, coastal conservation, development of the coastal zone.

Analysis of the Coastal Zone from Brazil

Brazil is one of the main countries that has adapted Integrated Coastal Management Programs and Plans (mci) with the aim of creating a sustainable coastal State. In this way, it has coordination, integration and proposal of policies for Integrated Coastal Management within the scope of the Interministerial Commission for Sea Resources (cirm). The objective of this article is to investigate and analyze the situation of the Brazilian mci in terms of its public policies, regulations, competencies, institutions, instruments, training, profitable characteristics, knowledge and information, education for sustainability and the participation of those involved. Keywords: Integrated coastal management, policies, sustainable development, coastal zone, environmental impact.

Analysis of Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) of El Salvador

The Republic of El Salvador has a small marine coastal zone that is deteriorated by uncontrolled anthropogenic activities; the implementation of an integrated coastal management program (ICM) is necessary to mitigate the damage caused to marine zones and the performance of coastal governance to provide sustainable development. The purpose of this study is collect information on policies, laws and instruments that focus on the conservation and development of the coastal marine areas of El Salvador. Keywords: Integrated Coastal Management (icm), coastal policies, coastal conservation, development of the coastal zone, El Salvador.

Analysis of Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) of Argentina

This is an analysis of the current state of the coastal management in Argentina, the iczm Decalogue proposed by Barragán (2001 and 2004) has been used, encompassing ten strategic aspects for assessing coastal management. The study focuses on the changes that occurred in the period 2009-2020. The ten elements of the Decalogue include policy, regulations, competencies, institutions, instruments, education and training, resources, knowledge and information, education and sustainability, and participation. The political situation has evolved towards a more federal approach to coastal management in Argentina, with a notable redefinition of the boundaries of the Continental Shelf. However, a defined coastal management policy is lacking, suggesting the need for specific local-level public policies. Regulations have been improved, but there is still disparity in the definition of the coastal zone and regulation of uses and activities. Competencies are distributed between the national and provincial governments, leading to demands for increased jurisdiction by the provinces. Institutions have strengthened over the past decade, with the consolidation of sectoral Federal Councils and the creation of protected areas. Operational instruments exist at the national and provincial levels, but the lack of unified regulation for the entire coast poses challenges. Training and education in coastal management have advanced, with postgraduate programs and a focus on regional specialization. Financial resources are limited, and private investment primarily targets high-end real estate developments. Knowledge and information availability is high, but direct communication between academic institutions and the public and private sectors need improvement. Environmental education and sustainability promotion have strengthened, with an expanded educational offering. Citizen participation takes place through regulated calls by laws, although the results are not always binding. In addition, there are non-institutionalized forums and events are organized by NGOs and universities. Keywords: Coastal management, iczm Decalogue, Argentine Coast, Coastal policy, coastal management plan.

Analysis of Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) of Panama

The following document addresses the current situation of coastal management in Panama, using the “Decalogue” proposed by Barragán (2001 and 2004) as a framework to assess coastal management. This Decalogue encompasses key aspects such as policy, regulations, competencies, institutions, tools, training and education, resources, knowledge and information, sustainability education, and participation. Prior to the implementation of Panama’s National Ocean Policy in 2022, challenges were observed in these aspects, including overfishing, coastal degradation, threats to biodiversity, marine pollution, and other issues. Adherence to international agreements and the enactment of policies like the National Ocean Policy have strengthened regulations and promoted participation and knowledge generation in coastal management. As Panama strives to achieve its goals of marine conservation and sustainable development, increased training and education are anticipated, along with a focus on ocean culture and collaboration among entities and stakeholders. Keywords: Coastal management, National Ocean Policy, ICZM Decalogue, Panama, coastal sustainability, marine conservation.

The Implementation of Integrated Coastal Management in the Development of Sustainability-Based Geotourism: A Case Study of Olele, Indonesia

The objective of this study is to examine the key determinants involved in formulating a sustainable plan for marine tourist development in the Olele Marine Park region with a specific focus on geotourism, guided by the principles of integrated coastal management (ICM). The current investigation employed descriptive analytical methodologies, utilizing interpretative structural modeling (ISM) as the selected analytical tool. The current research effectively accomplished the development of a spatial use zoning map inside the Olele Marine Park region with a specific focus on its use in the context of geotourism. This study posits that the incorporation of utilization zones, in addition to the existing core zones and sustainable fisheries, is vital for effective design. In addition, the findings of the ISM analysis also indicate that the development of the Olele Marine Park area encompasses a minimum of five elements. These elements consist of primary sub-elements and supporting sub-elements, which were deemed to be independent and exert significant driving forces. The findings of this study have practical implications for the government in formulating sustainable marine tourist development plans. These recommendations primarily focus on the concepts of ICM and are aimed at promoting geotourism.

Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) with a Reference on Protection-production Approach: An Initial Lesson of TWP East Bintan, Kepulauan Riau Province

Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) encompasses a holistic marine management strategy that intertwines robust marine ecosystem preservation with sustainable resource utilization. This method aims to harness oceanic resources while advocating for the financial backing of crucial scientific research, sustainable ecosystem management, and support for local fisherfolk and communities, ultimately enhancing the resilience of marine environments. In Indonesia, unlocking the full potential of nature-based solutions for climate mitigation, marine conservation, and sustainable oceanic development necessitates strategic and appropriately scaled investments. Despite being introduced in the 1990s, national-level adoption of the ICM approach remains lacking. Presently, the Government of Indonesia predominantly relies on the establishment of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) asa primary tool for ocean conservation. With approximately 28.9 million hectares of MPAs currently established, Indonesia plans to expand coverage to 97.5 million hectares by 2045. Aligning with Konservasi Indonesia’s Protection and Production approach, MPAs can be tailored to operationalize ICM principles. The East Pulau Bintan MPA serves as a viable case study, demonstrating how zoning strategies can effectively balance marine conservation with sustainable resource exploitation.

Moving from an integrated coastal management approach to a transdisciplinary coastal management approach: A review of case study in Indonesia

Coastal areas, small islands, and oceans play a vital role in the Earth’s support systems, harboring rich biodiversity. However, human activities, both direct and indirect, pose significant threats to these ecosystems. In rural regions, traditional coastal area management practices like sasi, awig-awig, sea commanders, and establishing prohibited areas are often utilized. As communities evolve and activities intensify, management strategies have shifted from community-based approaches to sectoral management, which has proven ineffective in ensuring resource sustainability.The concept of Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) emerged in the early ’90s as a collaborative approach involving various sectors, disciplines, and communities. Unfortunately, initial attempts at ICM encountered challenges and failed to adequately sustain resources and ecosystems. In response, a transdisciplinary approach to natural resource management has gained traction, focusing on holistic and sustainable solutions.This paper aims to review Indonesia’s experiences in coastal and small island management, drawing insights from existing literature. It highlights the need for transdisciplinary research to address complex coastal challenges effectively. By integrating diverse perspectives and knowledge domains, transdisciplinary approaches can enhance the sustainable management of coastal areas and support ecosystem resilience.

Integrated coastal management in the current regional autonomy law regime in Indonesia: context of community engagement

ABSTRACT This study reviews integrated coastal management (ICM) practice in Indonesia's regional autonomy law regime, particularly community engagement. It examines several laws on ICM in the current regional autonomy era and discusses various achievements and issues affecting Indonesia's program. This is legal research examines various ICM-related legislation, secondary literature, policy plans, and the interview conducted at the Indonesian Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries. The results show that the ICM program has a legal basis in various legislation, yet it faces various implementation problems. Many legal loopholes in regulation, dependence on funding institutions, environmental pollution, mismanagement, and lack of coordination and collaboration in community engagement should be instantly resolved. Also, the local community, as ecosystem users, are powerless and often ignored. Therefore, the local communities need to be informed, their ability to manage coastal areas be improved, their livelihoods protected, and be more engaged in decision-making, especially in establishing regulations and legislations. Active community engagement in the decision-making process may improve regulatory compliance and achieve a more sustainable and democratic ICM.

Effectiveness of ICM system and its contribution to local capacity development: Case study in West Papua Province

Integration and coordination of various coastal and marine management efforts is the major objective of the integrated coastal management (ICM) approach. In the implementation of the Raja Ampat’s COREMAP CTI activities, PKSPL IPB University replicates ICM practices, in Yensawai Village, Raja Ampat Regency. Those include cycle guidelines, structures, and models of ICM implementation at the local government level. The ICM cycle is very important because it provides a gradual and non-negotiable “must” to be able to proceed to the next several steps. The cycle must be done correctly to contribute to continuous improvement. The goal is to have a functioning ICM system to improve local government services and contribute to sustainable development. PKSPL IPB University has successfully demonstrated its effectiveness and impact on the implementation of the ICM program. This can be seen in the increasing adoption of the concept of sustainability in local governments as well as increasing local political commitment to the rehabilitation of sustainable coastal ecosystems in West Yensawai Village, Raja Ampat Regency. The experience of PKSPL IPB University in other ICM pilot sites in implementing ICM integration was replicated in the COREMAP CTI program in West Papua Province. Contribution factors adopted by ICM in local capacity building include: (i) local government involvement; (ii) the leadership role of the coordination mechanism; (iii) key steps of the ICM Cycle process; (iv) vision-led programs; (v) local champions; (vi) visible achievements and impacts; (vii) increased value of integrated planning and management approaches, and local and political commitments.

The Role of Integrated Coastal Management Approach in the Protection of Coastal and Marine Resources in the Eastern Coast of Tanzania

Abstract This scientific paper examines the role of Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) approach in the protection of coastal and marine resources in Tanzania. It engages coastal resource users and practitioners in focus group discussions and interviews, and complements the data obtained with documented sources. A modified version of the Benefit Analysis Framework is adopted from Wenger et al. (2011) to analyze the extent to which ICM yields a wide range of benefits that may potentially promote the protection of coastal ecosystem and enhance the commitment of communities that live adjacent to the coastal strip to manage mangroves, fisheries, coral reefs, and coastal land in a sustainable manner.

STRATEGY FOR ICM-BASED GEOTOURISM DEVELOPMENT: CASE STUDY OF THE OLELE MARINE PROTECTED AREA, INDONESIA

This research aims to develop a strategy for developing the Olele Marine Park area as a geotourism destination based on the principles of integrated coastal management (ICM). The analytical descriptive method was applied, and the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) was used as an analytical tool. This study found that education and elevating awareness levels are the main priority criteria that need to be evolved in determining alternative developments for the Olele Marine Park Area (OMPA). Furthermore, the AHP results are consistent across all criteria for determining the priority of the OMPA development model. The AHP conducted on ten criteria CRT01-CRT10 also illustrates that the development of the governance model (ALT4) is a top priority in the OMPA development. The ecology model (ALT3) can also be used as a secondary priority model with values that are not significantly different. The research findings are expected to provide priority recommendations that can be implemented by various relevant stakeholders, including local governments, industry, and local communities. Some proposed alternative models are also expected to be considered in designing a strategy for developing the OMPA as geotourism. The AHP method was used as the sole analysis method in this study, which is a limitation. As a result, additional research is expected to be able to more comprehensively adapt various analytical approaches. One of the research’s novelties is that it provides the first comprehensive study of the ICM strategy-based OMPA development strategy.

Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) Governance and its Implementation in South Africa

Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) Governance and its Implementation in South Africa

Integrated geospatial approach for environment-sensitive planning of coastal urban regions: A case study from the megacity of Mumbai, India

Developing countries frequently encounter decision-making problems to achieve Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) throughout the development of coastal urban regions. Similarly, the prevailing Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) framework, the foundation of spatial environmental planning in Indian coastal regions, has shown limited effectiveness towards ICM enabled sustainable development in the past three decades. Therefore, efficient integrated geospatial approaches are required in such cases to synergize the coastal development and ecosystem services. In this work, Ideal Point (IP) based Coastal Area Index (IP-CAI) approach was developed to characterize coastal urban regions for rational allocation of coastal resources. The IP-CAI approach integrated decision and geospatial science for incorporating a geographical variation of physical coastal indicators in spatial planning. Further, experts' knowledge about the environmental sensitivity of physical coastal indicators toward coastal development was incorporated in the IP-CAI. The coastal megacity of Mumbai, India, was investigated to test and validate the IP-CAI approach for the quantitative characterization of coastal urban regions. The present study demonstrated the usefulness of IP-CAI in addressing a coastal region classification problem with a necessary scientific basis. The results, advantages, limitations, and implementation guidelines of IP-CAI are further discussed.

The joint efforts of the parties to realize ICM conception for the sustainability: Lesson learned the interagency coordinating mechanism in Sukabumi Regency

The high potential of coastal and marine resources in Sukabumi Regency has a large complexity of problems between agencies, so it needs to be managed and planned in an integrated and coordinated manner in its management efforts. sustainability of coastal and marine resources with an Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) approach. In line with Pemsea’s ICM framework. The coordination mechanism through this institution has been implemented by Sukabumi Regency since 2014 as stated in the SK PCC and PMO of the ICM Institution with the Regent’s Decree No. 213 of 2003 and the revision of the Regent’s Decree 660.1/Kep.579-BLH/2014 consisting of 40 Regional Government Units (OPD), community groups and NGOs which are the main keys in determining the strategic plan for coastal areas and small islands of Sukabumi Regency and revised in 2016. The inter-agency coordination mechanism, one of the main dynamics, plays a key role in determining the strategic plan for the coastal and small islands of Sukabumi Regency as well as approving and establishing the annual work plan and financing plan for the implementation by PMO in Sukabumi Regency, such as the integrated environmental monitoring program (IEMP), geopark development, waste management in turtle control at Pangumbahan beach. Each program implemented is the result which consists of identification, program planning, program implementation, adoption, and monitoring and evaluation. The purpose of this activity is to find out how it operates and is maintained and how it has been implemented to address priority issues.

Preface

Integrated coastal management (ICM) has been acknowledged as the most effective approach in managing coastal and marine area in integrative and holistic way since the last 2 decades. Implementation of ICM practices in many areas in the region has given lesson learned either in success or fail stories. The success and the fail of implementation of an ICM practice in an area will depend on specific situation and condition of the area. Both ecological and social characters of an area are site specifics which are cannot be generalized and requires a “tailored-made design” in a specific area. In this conference, lesson learned on the implementation of various steps of ICM in many areas will be shared. Special approach/methodology/tools which has been applied to address specific problems will be discussed. The potential applicability and replication of specific approach/methodology/tools towards specific problems will be also discussed as well as enhance the scale of application. ICM scopes are covering themes of: marine protected areas, coastal resources and ecosystem rehabilitation, sustainable fisheries management and ecosystem approach to fisheries management, coastal disaster risk reduction and climate change impact and adaptation management, community livelihood enhancement, ecosystem services and valuation, and marine spatial planning.Besides ICM-related themes, this conference will also discuss the latest development of marine biotechnology covering bioprospecting, marine natural products, and marine environmental biotechnology.List of Scientific Committee, Conference Organizing Committee, Conference Photographs are available in this pdf.

Engaging multi-stakeholders’ strategy toward strengthened mangrove rehabilitation program in Tangerang Regency

The Tangerang’s coastal area faces (1) decreasing environmental quality, and (2) poverty. The government developed Gerbang Mapan Program, an integrated coastal management (ICM) program designed to accelerate the recovery of coastal ecosystems and community development. To encourage the acceleration of the program, the government invites various parties (multistakeholders) to be involved in the program. This study aims to explore the processes of involving multistakeholders in the success of the mangrove rehabilitation, which has now succeeded transforms from damage to be good and have even become centers of community socio-economic activities. The method is an explorative method with a coevolutive dynamic historical process approach from 2014 to 2020. The involvement of various parties i.e local government agencies/institutions in Tangerang Regency, the private sector, TNI/Polri, schools, universities, and coastal community groups in mangrove rehabilitation programs and awareness campaigns and public education have encouraged the acceleration of mangrove rehabilitation, where by 2020, rehabilitation has been carried out with planted 720,000 mangrove trees, with six species (Rhizophora sp, Avicennia sp, Bruguiera cylindrica, Bruguiera gymnoriza, Ceriop tagal and Sonneratia alba), where the survival rate reached 69.22%, with the most adaptive type Avicennia sp planted in Tangerang Regency with a survival rate of 90.71%.