Integrity Assessment Research Articles

The role of the second non-vanishing terms in the material failure curve on APL 5L steel

PurposeIt is now well-known in the fracture-mechanics community that a single fracture parameter alone may not be adequate to describe crack-tip condition. To address this problem, there has been a recent surge of interest in crack-growth behaviour under conditions of low crack-tip stress triaxiality. This paper exploited the K-A3 crack approach, which was derived from a rigorous asymptotic solution and has been developed for a two-parameter fracture.Design/methodology/approachThe material failure curve or master curve, has been established as a result of the notched specimen tests. It was shown that the notch fracture toughness is a linear decreasing function of the stress. The use of the material failure curve to predict fracture conditions was demonstrated on gas pipes with the longitudinal surface notch.FindingsNo finding.Originality/valueThis approach requires that the constraint in the test specimen approximate that of the structure to provide an “effective” toughness for use in a structural integrity assessment. The appropriate constraint is achieved by matching thickness and crack depth between the specimen and structure.

Comparison of dark-field chest radiography and CT for the assessment of COVID-19 pneumonia

BackgroundDark-field chest radiography allows the assessment of the structural integrity of the alveoli by exploiting the wave properties of x-rays.PurposeTo compare the qualitative and quantitative features of dark-field chest radiography in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia with conventional CT imaging.Materials and methodsIn this prospective study conducted from May 2020 to December 2020, patients aged at least 18 years who underwent chest CT for clinically suspected COVID-19 infection were screened for participation. Inclusion criteria were a CO-RADS score ≥4, the ability to consent to the procedure and to stand upright without help. Participants were examined with a clinical dark-field chest radiography prototype. For comparison, a healthy control cohort of 40 subjects was evaluated. Using Spearman's correlation coefficient, correlation was tested between dark-field coefficient and CT-based COVID-19 index and visual total CT score as well as between the visual total dark-field score and the visual total CT score.ResultsA total of 98 participants [mean age 58 ± 14 (standard deviation) years; 59 men] were studied. The areas of signal intensity reduction observed in dark-field images showed a strong correlation with infiltrates identified on CT scans. The dark-field coefficient had a negative correlation with both the quantitative CT-based COVID-19 index (r = −.34, p = .001) and the overall CT score used for visual grading of COVID-19 severity (r = −.44, p < .001). The total visual dark-field score for the presence of COVID-19 was positively correlated to the total CT score for visual COVID-19 severity grading (r = .85, p < .001).ConclusionCOVID-19 pneumonia-induced signal intensity losses in dark-field chest radiographs are consistent with CT-based findings, showing the technique's potential for COVID-19 assessment.

Comparative Sensitivity of MRI Indices for Myelin Assessment in Spinal Cord Regions

Background/Objectives: Although multiple magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) indices are known to be sensitive to the noninvasive assessment of myelin integrity, their relative sensitivities have not been directly compared. This study aimed to identify the most sensitive MRI index for characterizing myelin composition in the spinal cord’s gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM). Methods: MRI was performed on a deer’s ex vivo cervical spinal cord. Quantitative indices known to be sensitive to myelin, including the myelin water fraction (MWF), magnetization transfer ratio (MTR), the signal ratio between T1- and T2-weighted images (T1W/T2W), fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), electrical conductivity (σ), and T1, T2, and T1ρ relaxation times were calculated. Their mean values were compared using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post hoc Bonferroni tests or Friedman and post hoc Wilcoxon tests to identify differences across GM and WM columns possessing distinct myelin distributions, as revealed by histological analysis. Relationships among the indices were examined using Spearman’s rank-order correlation analysis. Corrected p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: All indices except σ differed significantly between GM and all WM columns. Two of the three WM columns had significantly different MWF, FA, MD, and T2, whereas one WM column had significantly different MTR, σ, T1, and T1ρ from the others. A significant moderate to very strong correlation was observed among most indices. Conclusions: The sensitivity of MRI indices in distinguishing spinal cord regions varied. A strategic combination of two or more indices may allow the accurate differentiation of spinal cord regions.

Statistical study of regional differences in the educational potential of the population

Purpose: of the presented research is to characterize the educational potential of the population based on an integrated assessment of educational activities and the material, technical and information base of education in the subjects of the Russian Federation.Methods: the work used tabular and graphical methods of data representation, grouping, methods for calculating integral indicators, as well as the method of correlation and regression analysis.Results: the article examines the concept of the "educational potential" and systematizes it’s defining indicators. The characteristics of the main target indicators characterizing educational activities and the material, technical and information base of education in the subjects of Russia are given. The authors present the integral indicators characterizing educational activities and the material, technical and information base of education. On the basis of the integral indicator characterizing educational activity and determining the indicator of educational performance – the share of the employed population aged 15 years and older with higher education in the total number of employed population, the regression model is constructed. According to the results of the comparison of the integral indicators characterizing educational activities and the material, technical and information base of education in the regions of Russia, the leading and lagging subjects were identified. According to these indicators, the multidimensional grouping has been developed that characterizes the lag of subjects from the national average based on the values of the generalizing indicators.Conclusions and Relevance: the compiled ratings of the subjects of the Russian Federation on the integral assessment of the educational potential of the population can become the basis for the development of differentiated measures aimed at stimulating the development of education, as well as for evaluating the effectiveness of the implementation of relevant regional programs. The study of the Index of Educational activity and the index of the material, technical and information base of education will allow us to identify problem regions according to certain characteristics of education, since they can affect certain elements of the field of education. This will enable the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation to respond more quickly to problems in this area in the regional context.

Sustainability assessment of station-city integration based on DPSIR-SDGs framework: a case study of Chengdu in China

Sustainability assessment of station-city integration based on DPSIR-SDGs framework: a case study of Chengdu in China

A 15 YEAR PERFORMANCE AND EVALUATION OF CRCP EXPERIMENTAL ROAD

This study presents a comprehensive 15-year evaluation of the Continuously Reinforced Concrete Pavement (CRCP) implemented in the Nakayama Bypass on National Highway Route 112. Spearheaded by a collaborative effort from The Nippon Road Co., Ltd., the Tohoku Regional Construction Bureau, Road Management Technology Center, Tohoku Branch, and Rainbow Consultants Co., Ltd., the research aims to assess the long-term performance, durability, and maintenance requirements of CRCP under various traffic and environmental conditions. The methodology encompasses detailed inspections and performance analyses, including pavement condition surveys, crack mapping, deflection measurements, and structural integrity assessments. This longitudinal study also integrates advanced evaluation techniques to understand the CRCP's behavior over its service life, focusing on crack propagation, load transfer efficiency, and overall pavement stability. Results indicate that CRCP, with its design and construction innovations, exhibits superior durability and performance compared to traditional pavement types. Notably, the CRCP section demonstrated remarkable resistance to traffic-induced stresses and environmental impacts, showcasing minimal maintenance needs over the 15-year period. The study also highlights the importance of initial quality control and precise construction practices as key factors contributing to the pavement's longevity and reduced lifecycle costs. Conclusively, the findings advocate for the broader adoption of CRCP in road infrastructure, emphasizing its cost-effectiveness and sustainability benefits. This research contributes valuable insights into pavement engineering, offering a robust evidence base for future CRCP projects and innovations in pavement technology. (Abstract generated by AI tool ChatGPT 4)

Integrative Assessment of Total and Intact HIV-1 Reservoir by a 5-Region Multiplexed Rainbow DNA Digital PCR Assay.

Persistent latent reservoirs of intact HIV-1 proviruses, capable of rebounding despite suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART), hinder efforts towards an HIV-1 cure. Hence, assays specifically quantifying intact proviruses are crucial to assess the impact of curative interventions. Two recent assays have been utilized in clinical trials: intact proviral DNA assay (IPDA) and quadruplex quantitative PCR (Q4PCR). While IPDA is more sensitive due to amplifying short fragments, it may overestimate intact fractions by relying only on quantification of 2 proviral regions. Q4PCR samples 4 proviral regions, yet is sequencing-based, favoring amplification of shorter, hence non-intact, proviral sequences. Leveraging digital PCR (dPCR) advancements, we developed the "Rainbow" 5-plex proviral HIV-1 DNA assay. This first-in-its-kind assay was evaluated using standard materials and samples from 83 people living with HIV-1, enabling simultaneous quantification of both total and intact HIV-1 DNA levels. HIV proviral unique molecular identifier (UMI)-mediated long-read sequencing (HIV-PULSE) was used to validate the specificity of the Rainbow HIV-1 DNA assay. The Rainbow assay proved equally sensitive but more specific than IPDA and is not subjected to bias against full-length proviruses, enabling high-throughput quantification of total and intact reservoir size. The near full-length sequences allowed validation of the Rainbow specificity and the design of personalized Rainbow primer/probe sets, which enabled the detection of intact HIV-1 DNA. This innovation offers potential for targeted evaluation and monitoring of potential rebound-competent reservoirs, contributing to HIV-1 management and cure strategies. ClinicalTrials.gov Registration Numbers: NCT04553081, NCT04305665.

Assessment of Marginal Integrity and Fracture Resistance of Nanographene-Reinforced Polymethyl Methacrylate Versus Conventional Polymethyl Methacrylate Single Crowns

Assessment of Marginal Integrity and Fracture Resistance of Nanographene-Reinforced Polymethyl Methacrylate Versus Conventional Polymethyl Methacrylate Single Crowns

Building Resilience: A Holistic Approach for Revitalizing Existing Infrastructure Assets

This presented research delves into the challenges and approaches encompassed in allotting available resources for the maintenance and renovation of crucial infrastructure assets, focusing intently on buildings in Old Cairo earmarked for relocation to the new administrative capital, manipulating an integral empirical assessment and advanced modeling techniques. Amidst intensifying imperatives for robust infrastructure against a backdrop of financial constraints and hastened asset deterioration, this study proposes a cutting-edge, thorough approach to fund distribution. The developed approach incorporates asset hierarchy and classification, condition assessment via pilot survey, Markov chain model for degradation anticipation, stakeholder perception analysis through questionnaires for comparative analysis, and constructing an optimization model for fund allocation. The findings unveiled the dire condition of the selected infrastructure assets and the pressing requisite for strategic maintenance and renovation interventions. The developed approach offered a pragmatic evidence-based approach concerning decision-makers, improving resource allocation efficacy and fostering urban development schemes. This paper calls for protractible presented methodologies to a broad spectrum of assets and geographies and integrating incipient technologies for dynamic asset management approaches.

Shape sensing of composite shell using distributed fibre optic sensing

Shape sensing is critically important throughout the lifecycle of composite shell structures, including the design, manufacturing, service, retirement, and reuse phases. In the service phase, for instance, shape-based structural integrity assessments can inform maintenance strategies, significantly reducing regular maintenance costs. To achieve high-fidelity shape sensing, a novel approach is proposed for strain acquisition and interpolation in carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) shell structures, utilizing distributed fibre optic sensing. This method is designed to enhance the performance of the inverse finite element method (iFEM). The approach introduces a new strain acquisition strategy based on distributed fibre optic sensors and a strain interpolation technique leveraging single image super-resolution (SISR). In the strain acquisition process, a fundamental sensing block capable of capturing both normal and shear strain is employed for sensor network design, which can be easily implemented using fibre optic sensors. The goal of this acquisition strategy is to standardize sensor network design and provide a digital representation, offering novel insights into shape reconstruction for different composite shells across various applications. Utilizing the obtained strain field, the SISR-based strain interpolation method generates a displacement field with enhanced spatial resolution through iFEM. Experimental evaluation of the SISR-based interpolation demonstrates its efficacy in capturing high-fidelity displacement fields in both smooth and non-smooth strain regions of CFRP shell structures. The introduction of SISR in strain field interpolation, for the first time, offers a potential solution to the challenge of interpolating non-smooth strain fields, providing a reference for addressing complex strain field interpolation in practical applications.

EFFECTIVENESS OF THE REGULATORY ENFORCEMENT FOR AML IN UKRAINE: IS IT ALL QUIET ON THE FINANCIAL FRONT?

The relevance of studying the effectiveness of the existing financial monitoring system, particularly the adequacy of its regulatory framework, is driven by the intensification of processes related to the legalization of criminal proceeds involving financial institutions. This includes the entrenchment of shadow schemes in payment transactions, expansion of money laundering channels, and terrorism financing. Regulatory gaps have also emerged in overseeing the cryptocurrency market and digital financial services. This study aims to systematize the legal and regulatory framework and evaluate the effectiveness of the financial monitoring system, outlining prospects for further research. The research methodology involves balanced summarization, specification, systematization, generalization, and statistical analysis. Macroeconomic prerequisites for enhancing financial monitoring include socio-economic, political, and moral-ethical factors. The study notes that the effectiveness of anti-money laundering and counter-terrorist financing efforts is not always clear-cut, such as the unclear relationship between the intensity of measures and their effectiveness in preventing regulatory violations and the lack of accurate information about potential offences before disclosure. An objective understanding of financial monitoring effectiveness can be achieved through integral assessments. A methodology for calculating an integral indicator of effectiveness is proposed, which identifies weaknesses in the existing system. The need for new measures to strengthen the coordination of the financial monitoring system, especially under martial law, is emphasized. Based on the research results, recommendations for improving the effectiveness of the financial monitoring mechanism are formulated, including the introduction of artificial intelligence technologies for identifying financial transactions; the use of machine learning technologies; enhancement of monitoring in the cryptocurrency market; strengthening the oversight of transactions related to international terrorism; and developing an effective mechanism to combat financial crimes. These proposals may be useful for financial monitoring and economic security agencies in Ukraine.

ASSESSMENT OF FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT BY OWN EXPENSES AT HOTEL AND RESTAURANT ENTERPRISES

Evaluating a management system is always a complex and debatable process, as it is difficult to find an approach that integrates all aspects of management and allows for a comprehensive assessment that reflects the level satisfying all the needs of enterprise management. This also pertains to financial management, which, despite the possibility of using indicators of financial activity of the enterprise, also includes a range of other indicators such as technical support, staff, and more. Considering the existing difficulties, this article aims to propose an integral approach to the assessment of financial management by the own expenses of enterprises. Acknowledging the complexity and individualism of each open socio-economic system, the object chosen is enterprises in the hotel and restaurant sector. Accordingly, it presents a scientific task that involves justifying and applying an approach to assessing the effectiveness of financial management by own expenses at hotel and restaurant enterprises. The research methodology involves the use of general scientific methods such as abstraction, analysis, synthesis, etc. However, the key methods are integral assessment and expert analysis. In combination, they facilitated the identification of the importance of indicators and the obtaining of assessment results. The main result of the study was the identification of operating hotel and restaurant enterprises and, based on their data and information, calculation of indicators which ultimately allowed the calculation and analysis of the dynamic, integral indicator of the effectiveness of financial management by own expenses. The limitation concerns not considering an even broader spectrum of indicators, as the concept of "effectiveness" is extremely broad and our proposed list is not exhaustive.

Assessment of Digital Integration in Learning

This research explores the integration of digital tools, particularly mobile learning, in educational contexts in Nepal, aiming to optimize their effectiveness. Employing a questionnaire-based methodology, data was collected from students across all over Nepal using a Google Form distributed through online media. Insights were gathered from 1104 students, revealing widespread ownership and usage of mobile devices for studying. Findings indicate a preference for laptops and smartphones, with web pages and applications being the most utilized resources. Significant associations were observed between the type of mobile device, academic major, and preference for mobile learning. The study concludes that digital tools play a critical role in modern education, emphasizing the need for comprehensive policies to promote their integration. Recommendations include government initiatives to enhance access to educational devices, conduct proper trainings to learners, expand internet connectivity, address technical challenges, and distribute digital equipment to enhance mobile learning experiences for equity of access to technology all over Nepal.

Impact of sub-lethal Aclonifen intoxication on biochemical and stress markers on Oncorhynchus mykiss: an integrative assessment of multi-biomarker responses.

Aclonifen is a diphenyl ether herbicide being included in the list of priority substances. Nevertheless, the data related to its sublethal effects on fish are limited. Therefore, the present study has been carried out to investigate the toxic effects of aclonifen in juvenile Oncorhynchus mykiss following 24, 48, 72 and 96hours of application to sublethal concentrations of 12.7, 63.5 and 127μg/L. The application resulted in altered blood biochemistry appearing as hyperglycemia, decreased cholesterol and induced activities of transaminases of ALT and AST. The inhibition of AChE in brain, gill and liver was unimportant revealing its weak potential as anticholinesterase. The induction recorded for SOD, CAT, GPx and GST activities was accompanied with sustained elevation in TBARS and PC levels. It demonstrates both the pro-oxidant potential of aclonifen and oxidation of lipid and proteins resulting in the loss of membrane integrity and protein function. Hyperglycemic condition and decreased protein levels in gill and liver might be proposed as general adaptive responses to compensate increased energy demand. The integrative assessment of multi-biomarker responses shows concentration and duration related rise in calculated indexes. CAT, PC and SOD achieved the maximum scores for brain, gill and liver, respectively. Considering the results, oxidative stress inducing potential and weak anticholinesterase activity along with its disturbing impact on blood biochemistry were evidenced. Moreover, adverse affects observed after short term application on O. mykiss, present the potential risk aclonifen may cause at population level in aquatic ecosystems emphasizing the importance of pesticide regulations to avoid adverse impacts on non-target species.

Integrity and risk assessment of offshore jacket structures

There are the common steel platforms which can be of the eight legged type, or of lightweight four-legged variety. There are also jack-up rigs which are mobile, and tension leg platforms (TLP) which float. With steel fixed platforms the jacket supports the superstructure which contains all necessary facilities. The jacket is built in a fabrication yard and if it is a large six or eight-legged jacket designed to support full production facilities, it may well have modified legs designed as floats, or additional ballast tanks may be installed, so that it can be floated out to the site.

Sensitivity Analysis of the Johnson-Cook Model for Ti-6Al-4V in Aeroengine Applications

Titanium alloys, such as Ti-6Al-4V, are crucial for aeroengine structural integrity, especially during high-energy events like turbine blade-out scenarios. However, accurately predicting their behavior under such conditions requires the precise calibration of constitutive models. This study presents a comprehensive sensitivity analysis of the Johnson-Cook plasticity and progressive damage model parameters for Ti-6Al-4V in blade containment simulations. Using finite element models, key plasticity parameters (yield strength (A), strain-hardening constant (B), strain-rate sensitivity (C), thermal softening coefficient (m), and strain-hardening exponent (n)) and damage-related parameters (d1, d2, d3, d4, and d5) were systematically varied by ±5% to assess their influence on stress distribution, plastic deformation, and damage indices. The results indicate that the thermal softening coefficient (m) and the strain rate hardening coefficient (C) exhibit the most significant influence on the predicted casing damage, highlighting the importance of accurately characterizing these parameters. Variations in yield strength (A) and strain hardening exponent (n) also notably affect stress distribution and plastic deformation. While the damage evolution parameters (d1–d5) influence the overall damage progression, their individual sensitivities vary, with d1 and d4 showing more pronounced effects compared to others. These findings provide crucial guidance for calibrating the Johnson-Cook model to enhance aeroengine structural integrity assessments.

Sperm Functional Status: A Multiparametric Assessment of the Fertilizing Potential of Bovine Sperm.

Sperm viability is routinely assessed for the quality control of cryopreserved bovine sperm batches but is not usually conclusive regarding their fertilizing potential. In this study, we investigated the fertility predictive value of bull sperm viability in combination with DNA integrity or the functional status of viable sperm. In addition to sperm viability, we flow cytometrically assessed the percentage of sperm with high DNA fragmentation index (%DFI) and the fraction of viable sperm with low intracellular Ca2+ content and functional mitochondria using the Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay and a five-color staining panel in 791 and 733 cryopreserved batches with non-return rate (NRR) records after ≥100 first services, respectively. Using linear mixed-effects models and conditional inference trees, we examined the potential of sperm viability combined with either DNA integrity or the functional status of viable sperm to predict the batch-specific NRR. Batches with a %DFI of ≤6.86% were more likely to have a NRR of >60%, whereas %DFI values of >6.86% were more likely to be associated with a 55-60% or lower NRR. Combining post-thaw viability with the functional status of viable sperm did not reliably predict the NRR of individual batches. Concluding, the incorporation of DNA integrity assessment can considerably improve sperm fertility prognostics.

Integrative condition assessment in dentists as a basis for the prevention of emergency situations in outpatient dentistry

BACKGROUND: Dentists’ work is associated with significant emotional stress, specific physical exertion, including prolonged static positions, and exposure to noise and vibration. These occupational factors are linked to hypertension. AIM: To assess the functional status of a dentist under outpatient visit conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included dentists of varying ages. A functional and psychoemotional status assessment protocol was developed, which was used by study subjects to enter self-measured blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) before and after work (8:00 AM, 2:00 PM, and 8:00 PM). To ensure objective assessment, the study included a control group of dentists of varying ages, where functional parameters were measured and monitored by healthcare professionals. RESULTS: BP and HR measurements before and after work were received in both groups. In young dentists, the measurements before work were as follows: systolic BP (SBP) 117.6 mm Hg [115; 121], diastolic BP (DBP) 74.3 mm Hg [71; 78], and HR 75.4 bpm [70; 81]. In middle-aged dentists, the measurements before work were as follows: SBP 120.5 mm Hg [117; 123], DBP 78.2 mm Hg [74; 83], and HR 75.2 bpm [73; 78]. In older dentists, the measurements before work were as follows: SBP 130.6 mm Hg [128; 132], DBP 80.8 mm Hg [77; 84], and HR 79.2 bpm [77; 85]. After work, there was an expected increase in all parameters in all age groups. In young dentists of the control group, the measurements before and after work were as follows: SBP 119.6 mm Hg [117; 122] and 130.2 mm Hg [128; 133], respectively; DBP 82.4 mm Hg [78; 84] and 85.4 mm Hg [72; 87], respectively; and HR 77.2 bpm [75; 79] and 83.3 bpm [80; 83], respectively. In middle-aged dentists of the control group, the measurements before and after work were as follows: SBP 125.3 mm Hg [123; 127] and 137.4 mm Hg [134; 139], respectively; DBP 85.4 mm Hg [82; 87] and 86.2 mm Hg [84; 88], respectively; and HR 75.4 bpm [73; 79] and 83.2 bpm [80; 85], respectively. In older dentists of the control group, the measurements before and after work were as follows: SBP 140.2 mm Hg [138; 141] and 149.5 mm Hg [147; 151], respectively; DBP 88.3 mm Hg [86; 90] and 92.3 mm Hg [89; 94], respectively; and HR 80.3 bpm [78; 83] and 81.2 bpm [79; 83], respectively. CONCLUSION: There were significant changes in functional parameters (BP and HR) during the day in dentists of varying ages, depending on the time of day and age, which may indicate potential cardiovascular risks. The control group showed a significant increase in the assessed functional parameters in the same age groups. These findings necessitate additional informing of dentists on occupational risks in order to encourage preventive measures, which may have a significant impact on quality of life and life expectancy in the future.

Impact of Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment on Macular Vascular and Functional Integrity.

This study aimed to evaluate the correlations between optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and macular integrity assessment (MAIA) microperimetry (MP) in both a control group and patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). Additionally, it assessed differences between the groups and examined whether the time from symptom onset to surgery influenced microvascular or functional changes in the RRD group. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 47 patients who had undergone successful RRD surgery with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and sulfur-hexafluoride (SF6) gas injection, with or without scleral buckling (SB), and a control group of 136 healthy eyes. All participants underwent comprehensive ophthalmologic examinations, including BCVA, OCTA, and MAIA. In the RRD group, additional data on symptom duration, time from symptom onset to surgery, and time from surgery to testing were collected. The RRD group exhibited significantly worse BCVA (p < 0.001) compared to the control group. Significant differences were found in all MAIA sectors, with controls showing superior macular integrity and average threshold values (p < 0.001). OCTA analysis revealed differences in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) across various sectors, particularly in the foveal avascular zone (FAZ). In the control group, the vertical diameter of the FAZ in the SCP was positively correlated with most MAIA sectors, while in the DCP, correlations were seen in nearly all sectors. The RRD group showed fewer correlations between OCTA and MAIA, and no significant correlations were found between OCTA parameters and BCVA. However, there were correlations between the time from surgery to testing and MAIA outcomes, indicating improved results with longer intervals. Earlier surgical intervention after symptom onset was associated with better microvascular outcomes. RRD group exhibited significant impairments in BCVA, retinal sensitivity, and microvascular parameters compared to healthy controls. Correlations between OCTA findings and microperimetry were stronger in the control group, whereas the RRD group showed fewer and weaker associations.

Интегральная оценка показателей эффективности труда на предприятиях сферы услуг

The article analyzes the methods and approaches to assessing the effectiveness of labor use in service enterprises. Their disadvantages are defined, in particular – narrow focus, which does not allow assessing the efficiency of personnel taking into account the integrated approach. In this context, the author’s method of integral assessment is proposed, which involves the analysis of a number of indicators, the values of which are collectively combined in one indicator. To apply it, a system for evaluating labor efficiency at service enterprises has been developed with the involvement of experts. The proposed method was tested at conditional enterprises in the service sector. It is emphasized that the proposed algorithm is applicable to all enterprises of the service sector of any form of ownership. Its distinctive feature is to provide an opportunity to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the competitiveness of enterprises in the rational use of labor resources and increase employee motivation to work, including in dynamics.