Integral Indicator Of Competitiveness Research Articles

СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ МЕТОДОЛОГИИ ОЦЕНКИ КОНКУРЕНТОСПОСОБНОСТИ ПРОДУКЦИИ КАК ИНСТРУМЕНТ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ

The article shows the importance of effective product competitiveness management to ensure the economic security of the enterprise. A conceptual scheme for assessing the competitiveness of products and methods of its application are presented, competitiveness indicators are determined, complex qualitative and economic indicators and an integral indicator of competitiveness are calculated using the example of products of enterprises of the leather industry. Based on the analysis of competitiveness indicators, the place of the products of the studied enterprise among similar products of competing firms is determined. The developed algorithm for assessing the competitiveness of products, the proposed approaches, methods and tools are of great practical importance and can be recommended for use in various industries when determining the place of a company's products in a specific market segment and subsequent development of a competitive development strategy in order to ensure the economic security of the organization.

MECHANISM OF COMPETITIVENESS MANAGEMENT IN THE PUBLIC HEALTHCARE: A PRACTICAL ASPECT

Healthcare is a key element of the state's national security. The effectiveness of the healthcare industry functioning is a relevant object of research today, especially after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, during which this sector globally demonstrated its potential and problems. It necessitates a comprehensive assessment of the competitiveness of the healthcare industry and institutions as an important component of their effective management. The objects of the research are public healthcare and institutions as service organizations. The purpose is to develop a scientific-methodical approach to managing the competitiveness in the country’s healthcare industry. That is, the research is aimed at developing a market-oriented competitiveness management mechanism for public healthcare institutions. The construction of the mechanism is based on the analysis of statistical data on Ukrainian healthcare institutions according to indicators based on the "7P" marketing concept. Clustering methods, an integral indicator of competitiveness, and multidimensional methods of taxonomic analysis were also used for assessing the level of competitiveness of healthcare institutions and the comparative effectiveness of alternative measures to increase it.

USING THE HACKATHON ECOSYSTEM AS AN EFFECTIVE TOOL FOR MANAGING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF AN INSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES. Management of competitiveness of higher educational institution as a science is a system of ordered knowledge in the form of concepts, theories, principles, ways and forms of management. We present scientific-methodological bases of competitiveness management in university as a system of ordered knowledge, concepts, theories including basic statements of modern competition theories, self-organization theory, system and integrative approaches of new management paradigms, which universality will contribute to the best interpretation of the process of development of appropriate principles and ways of competitiveness management in higher educational institution. These principles can be implemented with the help of the Hackathon Ecosystem, the main task of which will be to manage the competitiveness of the institution of higher education.METHODS. In the study to determine the level of competitiveness of the institution of higher education achieved with the help of the Hackathon ecosystem, the integr al indicator of competitiveness of the university as a set of quality potentials of education, competitiveness of educational services provided, efficiency of marketing activities, efficiency of investment management activities were used.FINDINGS. Management of university competitiveness as a process is a set of managerial actions, providing the achievement of objectives by transformation of resources at "input" into products at "output". We consider the university competitiveness management as a set of tools and methods for maintaining and increasing competitiveness. The main tool in this case is the quality of educational services. The factors of modern paradigm of university service quality management are revealed and the specific directions of quality assurance of university educational services are offered.CONCLUSION. The creation of an educational cluster as a group of geographically adjacent interrelated educational institutions of a certain profile (general, primary vocational, secondary vocational and higher vocational education) and related employers headed by branch ministries, state and municipal governments with a coordinating center, will increase the competitiveness of the basic university.

АНАЛИЗ КОНКУРЕНТОСПОСОБНОСТИ ПРОДУКЦИИ «APPLE» И «HUAWEI» В УСЛОВИЯХ ТОРГОВОЙ ВОЙНЫ МЕЖДУ США И КИТАЕМ

Subject. Trade relations between the United States and China on the example of Apple and Huawei. Topic. The competitiveness of Apple and Huawei products. Purpose. Calculate the integral indicator by means of technical and economic parameters of the competitiveness of products of these organizations. Methodology. Methods of logical and comparative analysis of the turnover of Apple and Huawei companies. Results. Large-scale forms of competition acquire the character of a trade war, which increasingly restrains the opponent with the help of the non-price factor of competition. Application area. The trade balance between China and the United States by means of sales of Apple and Huawei products. Conclusions. The article examines the consequences of the trade war between the United States and China on the example of the companies «Apple» and «Huawei». Based on the calculation of the integral indicator, the technical and economic parameters of the competitiveness of the products of these organizations were obtained. It was concluded that large-scale forms of competition acquire the character of a trade war, which increasingly restrains the opponent with the help of the non-price factor of competition. Key words: trade war, competitive advantage, trade balance between China and the USA, global smartphone market, integral indicator of competitiveness

ОЦЕНКА ФАКТИЧЕСКОГО УРОВНЯ КОНКУРЕНТОСПОСОБНОСТИ ТОРГОВЫХ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЙ НА СОВРЕМЕННОМ ЭТАПЕ РАЗВИТИЯ РЫНОЧНЫХ ОТНОШЕНИЙ

Besides the growth of globalization and informatization processes, the current stage of market relations development is characterized by the rapid development of competition in various fields and activities. At the same time, as the analysis of available studies on this issue has shown, a single universal approach to assessing the competitiveness of trade organizations has not yet been developed. As a result of the analysis of literary sources, a methodological approach to assessing the competitiveness of the enterprise has been recommended: the main stages and key principles of the analysis have been identified. It is determined that in the case of the study of the actual level of competitiveness in the context of existing approaches to assessing this indicator, it is advisable to use a factorial methodological approach. Based on the results of the application of the method of expert assessments, a system of indicators of the competitiveness of modern trade organizations is singled out. The most significant indicators forming the actual level of competitiveness include the price level index; absolute solvency ratio; purchase completion ratio; sales return ratio; market share indicator. The validity of the obtained results is confirmed by the calculated value of the coefficient of concordance and the results of comparing the calculated and tabular Pearson criteria. It is determined that the assessment system is based on a block system of criteria (effectiveness of the purchase and sales process, financial position of the business entity, quality of customer service, assessment of the market position) and the corresponding indicators of competitiveness, taking into account the key features of trading activity. According to the theoretical aspects of the developed assessment algorithm, its practical testing has been carried out on the basis of three competing trading organizations specializing in wholesale and retail sales of various categories of tools (OOO “Alliance Trade Service”, OOO “Sevprom Instrument” and OOO “Vash Instrument”). The values of the integral indicator of competitiveness of these trade organizations for 2019–2020 are analyzed in dynamics. Based on the comparison of the data, as well as the analysis of existing trends, the main problematic aspects of increasing the achieved level of competitiveness are identified, taking into account the specifics of a single enterprise functioning. The paper indicates the main areas of improving economic activity, which provide an opportunity to increase the actual level of competitiveness of trade organizations in the strategic perspective.

Estimation of Competitiveness of Single-Industry Towns of the Samara Region

In order to prevent negative socio-economic trends, to predict the social consequences of decisions on the implementation of state policy in the development of single-industry territories, public authorities monitor the socio-economic situation in single-industry towns based on an assessment of a number of statistical indicators. Such a differentiated assessment of statistical parameters does not allow a comprehensive assessment of the level of development and competitiveness of a single-industry town by territory, which is of particular relevance in modern conditions of glocalization. Of particular scientific and practical interest is a comparative analysis of the level of development of single-industry towns on the basis of an integral indicator that takes into account aspects of various spheres of life of the population and allows an objective assessment of the competitive positions of single-industry territories, which is currently not used by state authorities for monitoring. The purpose of the work is to assess and justify the conditions and development trends of single-industry towns of the Samara region on the basis of calculating the integral indicator of competitiveness, taking into account the level of development of the economy, finance, employment, social security and demography, as well as the mono-profile level of territories. In this study, we used the methods of system analysis, the method of comparisons and analogies, the method of generalization, the methods of dialectic and statistical analysis, the method of expert estimates, the method of retrospective estimates and structural-dynamic analysis. The paper provides an overview of the single-industry towns of the regions of the Volga Federal District; the results of testing the methodology for assessing the competitiveness of single-industry towns of the Samara region on the basis of an integral indicator are presented and trends in its change in the period 2013–2017 are identified. The study involved four single-industry towns of the Samara region: Oktyabrsk, Pohvistnevo, Tolyatti, Chapaevsk. The calculations showed that For five years Oktyabrsk was an outsider in four of the six areas under study (economics, labor, social services, demography), which led to the lowest competitiveness index and allowed us to identify the competitiveness of a single-industry town as “below average”. In relatively equal socio-economic conditions, there were Pohvistnevo, Togliatti and Chapaevsk, the level of competitiveness of which is “above average”.

Evaluation of competitiveness, classification and calculation of customs payments of chicken breeds realized on the market

The development of industrial production of poultry products is a permanently relevant task for all regions of Russia, including Perm Region, since chicken meat is a daily commodity of the population because of its reasonable price and high consumer properties. However, today there is no comprehensive scientific understanding of issues related to determining the competitiveness of poultry meat products, this scientific topic requires a study of the competitiveness of chicken meat products presented on the regional market. All this determines the relevance of the study. The purpose of the scientific research in the framework of this article is to assess the competitiveness of selected samples (brands) of chicken breasts sold on Perm market. When choosing the hypothesis of scientific research, the author dwelled on the assumption of insufficient coverage of the problem of increasing and calculating the competitiveness of poultry meat products in modern science. Achieving this goal the following tasks are carried out: consideration of the theoretical foundations of the competitiveness of chicken breasts; an examination of the quality of chicken breasts sold in Perm market; conducting market research on consumer preferences and determining the competitiveness of chicken breasts by value for money and using a comprehensive integrated indicator of competitiveness. The object of the research in this article are samples of chicken breast of various brands sold on Perm market. When assessing competitiveness, the selected samples were considered according to group and economic criteria, according to the “brand awareness” indicator, point scales were used. Also, in the study of chicken breast samples, organoleptic, aesthetic indicators and other criteria for competitiveness were evaluated. For the examination of chicken breast in Perm market, the breasts of the following manufacturers were purchased: JSC “PRODO Perm Poultry Factory”, LLC “Udmurt Poultry Factory”, CJSC Uralbroiler, CJSC Petelinskaya Poultry Factory, LLC Belgrankorm-Veliky Novgorod. As a result of the research, the quality was determined and the tested samples of chicken breasts were ranked, their competitiveness was calculated from the professional objective point of view of product consulting by taking into account the quality per unit of money paid, and the real state of competitiveness in this market segment was determined taking into account consumer requests.

MODELS AND MECHANISMS TO IMPROVE THE COMPETITIVENESS OF A HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION

The aim of the research is to improve the efficiency of decision making for increasable of the competitiveness of the university. The article proposes a mechanism for assessing the competitiveness of a higher educational institution in the market of educational services on the basis of simulation modeling. A system of indicators of the activity of a higher educational institution is proposed. The choice of factors for the development of the model was carried out in accordance with the Pareto principle: the parameters that have the greatest impact on the competitiveness of the university are taken into account. A cognitive map of the situation that determines the mutual influence of factors is constructed. A simulation model based on the integration of the principles of system dynamics and cognitive modeling, which allows you to manage the values of key parameters, is developed. The values of the variables in the model can be changed while determining the sensitivity of the vector of the output parameters. Using a method based on specifying control points, a scale of characteristics has been developed for each factor. The possibility of evaluating alternative scenarios and predicting the possible consequences of management decisions based on them is shown. The model based on real data is presented. The main stages of the algorithm for determining competitiveness are as follows: determination of the purpose of the evaluation; determination of the types of activities that are taken into account in the analysis; selection of the reference database; definition of characteristics to be measured; evaluation of selected characteristics; calculation of the generalized, integral indicator of competitiveness; conclusions about competitiveness. As can be seen from the algorithm, the effectiveness of assessing the competitive position of an organization depends on the choice of characteristics, the determination of their relative importance (weight in the overall estimate, %) and the evaluation of these characteristics for the university and its main competitors. To analyze the mutual influence of the competitiveness factors of the university, it is proposed to use a simulation model that combines the principles of system dynamics and cognitive modeling. The choice of development methodologies is determined by the fact that a simulation model is an effective tool for modeling dynamic controlled systems with a high level of abstraction and a multitude of feedbacks. The cognitive approach makes it possible to synchronize changes in parameter values and analyze the influence of model parameters on each other. For the development of the model, the AnyLogic system was selected, combining the possibilities of creating hybrid models based on models of system dynamics, discrete-event models, and the agent approach. The state of the system under investigation can be described using classical approaches of system theory, in particular, cognitive modeling. The cognitive model of a complex, weakly structured system and is represented by a functional graph whose vertices are the main factors (concepts), and the arcs are the connections of the mutual influence of factors on each other. The model of the influence of factors of the university competitiveness on each other is a dynamic system that is determined by a set of parameters and a set of direct and inverse relations between them.