Survey Of Intakes Research Articles

A survey of dietary intake in the Medan City community during the COVID-19 pandemic

Food is an essential requirement for people to live a healthy, active, and productive existence sustainably. Increasing the nutritional content consumed during the COVID-19 pandemic is one of the critical needs for improving the immune system or body’s response. This research aims to obtain information on people’s food consumption patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic in five sub-districts of Medan City. The study’s findings indicate that individuals depend on nutritious and functional meals, including fruits and vegetables, to enhance body immunity during this pandemic. Moreover, the study observed that 74.4 percent of people consumed food derived from the fruit and vegetable groups as a source of vitamins and minerals. The percentage of food intake from the functional food group was 71.2 percent. Eighty-eight percent of respondents consumed herbal infusions from the spice category as a functional drink as a source of antioxidants. The intake level of diversified foods reaches 68 percent, and the pattern of consumption of varied foods with balanced and safe nutrition has been primarily satisfied.

Trends in sodium intake and major contributing food groups and dishes in Korea: the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2017.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESExcess intake of dietary sodium, either directly or indirectly, increases the risk of several diseases, including cardio-cerebral vascular diseases such as stroke and hypertension. Excessive sodium intake and increased prevalence of hypertension have emerged as major issues worldwide. Therefore, the present study evaluated the recent trends in dietary sodium intake and the food sources of sodium intake in the Korean population using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES, 2013–2017) data.SUBJECTS/METHODSThis study used the one-day 24-h recall dietary intake survey data from the 2013–2017 KNHANES to determine the average daily sodium intake by sex and age and the main dishes and food groups contributing to the dietary sodium intake.RESULTSThe mean sodium intake range was 3,477.2–3,889.6 mg/day during 2013–2017. The major food groups contributing to sodium intake were seasonings (1,597.5–1,870.5 mg/day), vegetables (680.4–756.7 mg/day), and cereal and grains (573.2–609.4 mg/day). Noodles and dumplings (536.7–573.2 mg/day), kimchi (487.3–539.6 mg/day), and soups (367.6–428.9 mg/day) were the top three dish groups that contributed to the sodium intake. In these dishes, the major sources of sodium intake were ramyeon (age groups 10–18 and 19–29 yrs), baechukimchi (age groups 40–49 and 50–59 yrs) and doenjang-kuk (age groups 60–69 and ≥ 70 yrs), respectively.CONCLUSIONSIn summary, reducing the consumption of soups and kimchi is an effective way to reduce sodium intake. Personalized nutrition education on dietary sodium intake management is required because of the different food sources contributing to the sodium intake according to the subjects' age.

A Survey of Vitamin Intake amongst Hearing and Hearing-Impaired Female Students in Saudi Arabia: A Pilot Study

This was a cross sectional study involving 64 hearing students and 42 hard of hearing female students aged 18-21 in a university in Saudi Arabia. Food intake was assessed by a food frequency questionnaire. Vitamin levels were calculated for each food and compared to the recommended daily allowance (RDA) for each group. Knowledge and understanding of vitamin deficiency was answered by face to face interviews. The study duration was one year from September 2010 to September 2011.

Abstract PO-015: The Metastatic Breast Cancer Project in Spanish: Developing a Spanish language patient-partnered research project with the Latinx community through culturally appropriate materials

Abstract Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality for Latinx women in the US. Compounding this challenge is low representation of Latinx patients (pts) in cancer research studies. Neglecting Latinx participation limits scientific understanding and the development of effective therapies for all pts. To address this disparity and increase research accessibility, we collaborated with Latinx community (comm) members and translated all aspects of an existing patient-partnered research project, The Metastatic Breast Cancer Project (MBCproject), into Spanish. The MBCproject (MBCproject.org) is a research study that directly engages pts through social media and advocacy groups, empowering pts to share their samples, clinical information, and experiences. Despite having 3,300 consented participants, only 3.7% (123) identify as Hispanic, Latinx, or Spanish. With the Latinx population increasing in the US and cancer’s impact on the comm, it is imperative that Latinx individuals participate in cancer research. Native Spanish speaking members on the MBCproject team leveraged the existing MBCproject model of direct collaboration with pt communities to translate pt-facing materials. Pts and pt advocates provided feedback on site content, project name, surveys, and biospecimen kit instructions through video calls with team staff. Over 17 months, 6 focus groups were held with 9 members of the comm, assessing 6 different material items. Iterations of the materials discussed were shared via email to complete the process. Proposed Spanish language dialect, pronoun formality, and transparency in project content were also reviewed to ensure messaging resonated with the broader Latinx comm. Following comm review, modifications were integrated into materials. A Mexican- Spanish dialect and formal pronouns were chosen to be used across all materials. The project name remained to maintain continuity across languages. Distinct feedback included simplified terminology and materials that could be shared with their health care provider. Clarity in tissue acquisition, privacy of data collected, and participation requirements was also requested. Attendance of study staff at Latinx cancer disparities research conferences revealed interest amongst investigators for more comprehensive demographic data collection of Latinx pts in studies, leading to the development of more detailed race and ethnicity questions in our intake survey. Finalized project materials have been submitted for IRB approval and expected to be launched at mbcprojectenespanol.org in Fall 2020. This partnered approach has led to an inclusive set of materials embraced by the Latinx pts and pt advocates who have helped us develop the MBCproject in Spanish. This is a foundational pilot that will allow Spanish speaking participants to engage in cancer research without a language barrier and contribute to the acceleration of scientific discoveries that impacts their community. Citation Format: Tania G. Hernandez, Sara Balch, Jorge Buendia- Buendia, Jorge Gomez Tejeda Zanudo, Mary McGillicuddy, Colleen M. Nguyen, Foxy Robinson, Corrie Painter, Elana Anastasio, Michael Dunphy, Nikhil Wagle. The Metastatic Breast Cancer Project in Spanish: Developing a Spanish language patient-partnered research project with the Latinx community through culturally appropriate materials [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: Thirteenth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2020 Oct 2-4. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(12 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-015.

146 Survey of residual feed intake in Katahdin and Texel lambs in a feedlot environment

Abstract Residual feed intake (RFI) is quickly becoming the preferred measurement of efficiency in many species due to its inherent independence of most other important production traits. Making meaningful improvement in feed efficiency of sheep will require a consistent methodology to accurately identify efficient individuals. Due to difficulty in measuring this trait efforts must be made to incorporate efficiency data in large-scale genetic evaluations. The aim of this study was to evaluate lambs in a feedlot with large-scale genetic evaluations for feed efficiency calculated by residual feed intake (RFI) utilizing a Growsafe™ system. RFI was calculated by subtracting expected intake from actual intake. Expected intake was determined by regressing metabolic body size of mid-test weight. Regression determined ADG on actual intake for individuals in the population. Texel (n = 58) and Katahdin (n = 118) lambs were placed in a feedlot and fed in separate feeding trials, a complete pellet ad libitum as the sole source of nutrition. In this environment Texel and Katahdin lambs had expected ADG values (0.27 kg/day, 0.32 kg/day respectively) and actual intake data (2154.17 g/day, 1909.33 g/day respectively. After a period of adaptation, Texel average intake was determined over a period of 27 consecutive days and used to calculate individual RFI within the test population. Observable ranges of RFI (-0.62 – +0.62) were seen in the Texel lambs. At the start of the Katahdin trial lambs were separated by sex and FEC treatment. After a period of adaptation, Katahdin average intake was determined over a period of 42 consecutive days and used to calculate individual RFI within the test population. Observable ranges of RFI (-0.53 – +0.50) were seen in the Katahdin lambs as well. In both feeding trials RFI appeared to be normally distributed. Use of this technology may be useful in identifying superior individuals for feed efficiency.

Dietary Assessment and Factors According to Fruits and Vegetables Intake in Korean Elderly People: Analysis of Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2013-2018.

This study analyzed dietary assessment and factors according to fruits and vegetables intake in Korean elderly people. We enrolled 8336 Korean elderly people aged ≥65 who participated in the dietary intake survey (24-h recall methods) of the 2013–2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination (KNHANES). The intake of fruits and unsalted/non-starchy vegetables was 372.06 g/day. According to age group, the intake in the age group 65–74 years as 422.47 g/day, and the intake in the age group 75 years + was 301.12 g/day. Based on the intake of daily meals and snacks, the intake of fruits and unsalted/non-starchy vegetables was the highest in snack-eating individuals (480.96 g/day). The subjects who consumed more than the World Health Organization (WHO)/World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF)’s plant food intake standards (over 400 g/day of intake of fruits and unsalted/non-starchy vegetables) were 35.47% of the elderly people. These results suggest that it is necessary to develop more fundamental strategies to increase fruits and vegetables intake among elderly people. Furthermore, the study outcomes are expected to provide basic information for developing education programs to improve the dietary life of Korean elderly people.

Model based ragweed pollen counts predict sleep difficulty in allergy immunotherapy patients in small clinic in Southeastern Michigan, USA

Introduction: Allergic rhino-conjunctivitis impacts up to a quarter of the world’s population. Symptoms include sneezing, rhinorrhea, pruritus, and sleep disturbance. Ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) is a plant common to North America and an important allergen. Predicting allergic symptoms associated with ragweed has largely relied on crude and/or expensive methods of measuring airborne pollen counts. We apply a novel model-based raster of predicted pollen counts to test associations with self-reported symptoms of allergic rhino-conjunctivitis among patients receiving immunotherapy for pollen allergies at a University-based allergy clinic in the U.S. Methods: Patients receiving immunotherapy injections for seasonal allergies were enrolled in the study on site. Participants filled out a brief intake survey on allergic and symptomatic profiles, sleep quality, housing quality and demographics and then completed a daily sleep quality survey by email for 21 consecutive days. Using the date and GPS location of survey response, ragweed pollen counts were extracted from a model-based raster (25km pixels) of daily predicted pollen counts. Associations between predicted pollen counts and a composite index of sleep quality were estimated using ordinal logistic regression models. Results: 50 people were enrolled in the study; 26 (52%) were female. The mean age was 37.9 years. 96% of participants had lived in the area for more than a year. 28 (56%) of respondents were receiving immunotherapy for ragweed pollen. Pollen counts (in 1000s) the previous day was associated with severe sleeping problems (OR 1.83 (1.26, 2.66)), even when controlling for travel to other regions and age of respondent. Impacts on sleep quality were not limited to only persons known to have ragweed allergies. Conclusion: Model based predicted ragweed pollen counts can be used to forecast symptoms associated with allergic rhinitis in people with disease severe enough to receive immunotherapy.

Formalizing the Informal: Lessons Learned from a Competency-Based Mentorship Program for Residents in Psychiatry.

CanMEDS competencies have been established and guide residency education in Canada, yet their inclusion in a formalized mentorship program for competency-based medical education (CBME) has yet to be explored. A mixed methods study was conducted to investigate the perceptions of residents and faculty members in psychiatry who participated in a formalized CBME mentorship program. The authors conducted secondary analysis of intake survey data from program participants and collected semi-structured interview data. Chi-square analysis of survey data determined associations between participant demographics and perceptions of mentorship. Thematic analysis techniques were used to analyze interview data. Finally, survey and interview data were triangulated and transformed into broad themes. Survey data from 46 residents and 41 faculty members and semi-structured interview data from 8 residents and 6 faculty members were analyzed. Data analysis revealed support for the informal use of the CanMEDS roles framework in a mentoring context. Factors that influenced participant satisfaction with the program included mentor qualities, the mentor-mentee pairing strategy, informality of mentoring sessions, and the presence of administrators and other program coordinators to maintain and support the program. The perceptions of participants in this study suggest that formal mentorship programs can be beneficial for residents, in terms of enhancing clinical competencies, advancing overall well-being, ensuring preparedness to undertake professional careers, and the provision of essential psychosocial support. Future work is needed to assess the implementation of formal mentorship programs in other residency training programs.

Trans fatty acid elimination policy in member states of the Eurasian Economic Union: Implementation challenges and capacity for enforcement.

Removing trans fatty acids (TFAs) from the food supply in the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) are one of the most effective public health interventions for reducing the risk of noncommunicable diseases. EAEU Member States have taken important steps to reduce TFA in oil and fat products to <2% of the total fat content. The authors summarize existing policies in the region, identify challenges in implementation, and suggest measures to strengthen regulation to achieve compliance with WHO guidelines. Documents published between 2011 and 2019 in Russian and English were reviewed, including EAEU and Member State restrictions on TFA in food products, data on TFA content in foods, and food labeling policies. The EAEU has established TFA limits in oil and fat products; however, Member States are currently not achieving the WHO guideline of <2% of total fat content in food products. A lack of harmonized monitoring systems and sanctions create challenges in monitoring compliance. The authors recommend developing an EAEU-wide monitoring system to test TFA content and organize population intake surveys. Discrepancies exist within regulatory frameworks that allow higher levels of TFAs in dairy products and infant formula. The authors recommend extending the current regulation to mandate TFA limits for all food products. Research found that strengthening regulation to meet the WHO guidelines should be prioritized. Member States should implement actions to replace TFAs with healthier fats, develop standardized surveillance methods, and scale-up strategic communication to ensure the food industry and the public follow public health recommendations to protect the health of the EAEU population.

The relationship between shoulder range of motion and elbow stress in college pitchers

College pitchers with increased external rotation gain (ERG) produce increased medial elbow torque (elbow stress)whereas those with reduced total rotational range of motion (ROM) have reduced medial elbow torqueduring pitching. Pitchers were recruited from 3 college baseball teams. Players with prior injury or on pitching restrictions because of pain were excluded. Players were evaluated within 2 weeks before their first game of the season. Pitchers completed an intake survey, and shoulder and arm measurements were taken. Pitchers were fitted with a baseball sleeve that included a sensor at the medial elbow. The sensor calculated elbow torque, arm speed, arm slot, and shoulder rotation for each pitch, while a radar gun measured peak ball velocity. After adequate warm-up, pitchers threw 5 fastballs in a standardized manner off the mound at game-speed effort. The primary outcome evaluated the relationship between shoulder ROM and medial elbow torque. Additional outcomes evaluated pitcher characteristics and demographic characteristics in the context of shoulder ROM. Twenty-eight pitchers were included in the preseason analysis. The average age and playing experience were 20.1 years (standard deviation [SD], 1.3 years) and 15.3 years (SD, 1.8 years), respectively, with 2.5 years (SD, 1.2 years) playing at collegiate level. The dominant shoulder showed decreased internal rotation and increased external rotation (ER) relative to the nondominant side (P < .001). The average glenohumeral internal rotation deficitand ERG were 11.3° (SD, 9.87°) and 5.71° (SD, 8.8°), respectively. ERG ≥ 5° was a significant predictor of elbow stress during pitching (47.4 Nm [SD, 0.7 Nm] vs. 45.1 Nm [SD, 0.6 Nm], P = .014). Univariate associations showed that each additional degree of ER resulted in increased elbow torque (β estimate, 0.35± 0.06 Nm; P = .003). Conversely, decreased medial elbow torque was found in pitchers with reduced shoulder ROM (glenohumeral internal rotation deficit ≥ 20°: 43.5 Nm [SD, 1.1 Nm] vs. 46.6 Nm [SD, 0.5 Nm], P = .011; loss of total rotational ROM ≥ 5°: 43.6 Nm [SD, 1.1 Nm] vs. 46.6 Nm [SD, 0.5 Nm], P = .013)and in those with greater arm length (P < .05). College pitchers with increased ER produce greater medial elbow torque during the pitching movement. Each degree of increased ER was found to correlate with increased elbow torque and ball velocity. On the contrary, arm length and reduced shoulder ROM were associated with reduced medial elbow torque. This study suggests that increased ER in pitchers is associated with greater elbow stress during pitching.

Efficacy of low‐fat milk and yogurt fortified with encapsulated vitamin D3 on improvement in symptoms of insomnia and quality of life: Evidence from the SUVINA trial

IntroductionSleep disorders are a common condition globally. Vitamin D receptors are present on cells in several regions of the brain. It is possible that vitamin D status may affect brain function, including sleep patterns. We aimed to evaluate the 1,500 IU of Nano‐encapsulated vitamin D fortified in dairy products on the symptoms of insomnia and associated improvement of quality of life.MethodsA case series was undertaken as part of the Survey of ultraviolent intake by nutritional approach project. Subjects enrolled among adults with abdominal obesity. Twenty‐nine subjects with insomnia were selected according to the results of Insomnia Severity Index questionnaire and quality of life using a Short Form Health Survey (SF‐36) questionnaire. Subjects were allocated to four groups: low‐fat milk fortified by 1,500 IU vitamin D3 (n = 8), simple milk (n = 8), low‐fat yogurt fortified by 1,500 IU vitamin D3 (n = 7), and simple yogurt (n = 6) and were treated for 10 weeks.ResultsThe insomnia score improved after the intervention in the group receiving vitamin D fortified milk compared to group receiving unfortified milk (p < .001). There were no significant differences between the two groups taking yogurt (fortified vs. unfortified). Comparison of quality of life scores between baseline and after intervention indicated significant improvements in both fortified and simple milk groups (p = .002 and p = .03, respectively); but no differences were found in the groups taking yogurt.ConclusionFortified low‐fat milk containing 1,500 IU vitamin D3 can improve insomnia symptoms and subsequently quality of life.Trial registration number: IRCT20101130005280N27, www.IRCT.ir.

Evaluation of Changes in Gut Microbiota in Patients with Crohn's Disease after Anti-Tnfα Treatment: Prospective Multicenter Observational Study.

Background: Crohn’s disease is believed to result from the interaction between genetic susceptibility, environmental factors and gut microbiota, leading to an aberrant immune response. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the qualitative and quantitative changes in the microbiota of patients with Crohn’s disease after six months of anti-tumor-necrosis factor (anti-TNFα) (infliximab or adalimumab) treatment and to determine whether these changes lead to the recovery of normal microbiota when compared to a control group of healthy subjects. In addition, we will evaluate the potential role of the Faecalibacterium prausnitzii/Escherichia coli and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii/Clostridium coccoides ratios as indicators of therapeutic response to anti-TNFα drugs. Methods/Design: This prospective multicenter observational study will comprise a total of 88 subjects: 44 patients with Crohn’s disease scheduled to start anti-TNFα treatment as described in the drug specifications to control the disease and 44 healthy individuals who share the same lifestyle and eating habits. The presence of inflammatory activity will be determined by the Harvey-Bradshaw index, analytical parameters in blood, including C-reactive protein, and fecal calprotectin levels at commencement of the study, at three months and at six months, allowing the classification of patients into responders and non-responders. Microbiota composition and the quantitative relationship between Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Escherichia coli and between Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Clostridium coccoides group as indicators of dysbiosis will be studied at inclusion and six months after initiation of treatment using ultra sequencing with Illumina technology and comparative bioinformatics analysis for the former relationship, and digital droplet PCR using stool samples for the latter. Upon inclusion, patients will complete a survey of dietary intake for the three days prior to stool collection, which will be repeated six months later in a second collection to minimize dietary bias. Discussion: In this study, massive sequencing, a reliable new tool, will be applied to identify early biomarkers of response to anti-TNF treatment in patients with Crohn’s disease to improve clinical management of these patients, reduce morbidity rates and improve efficiency.

Human Papillomavirus Immunization in Rural Primary Care

Despite the safety and efficacy of the human papillomavirus vaccine, thousands are impacted by human papillomavirus and its related cancers. Rural regions have disproportionately low rates of human papillomavirus vaccination. Primary care clinics play an important role in delivering the human papillomavirus vaccine. A positive deviance approach is used to identify workflows, organizational factors, and communication strategies in rural clinics with higher human papillomavirus vaccine up-to-date rates. Positive deviance is a process by which exceptional behaviors and strategies are identified to understand factors that enable success. Rural primary care clinics were rank ordered by human papillomavirus vaccine up-to-date rates using 2018 Oregon Immunization Program data, then recruited via purposive sampling of clinics in the top and bottom quartiles. Two study team members conducted previsit interviews, intake surveys, and 2-day observation visits with 12 clinics and prepared detailed field notes. Data were collected October-December 2018 and analyzed using a thematic approach January-April 2019. Four themes distinguished rural clinics with higher human papillomavirus vaccine up-to-date rates from those with lower rates. First, they implemented standardized workflows to identify patients due for the vaccine and had vaccine administration protocols. Second, they designated and supported a vaccine champion. Third, clinical staff in higher performing sites were comfortable providing immunizations regardless of visit type. Finally, they used clear, persuasive language to recommend or educate parents and patients about the vaccine's importance. Positive deviance identified characteristics associated with higher human papillomavirus vaccine up-to-date rates in rural primary care clinics. These findings provide guidance for rural clinics to inform human papillomavirus vaccination quality improvement interventions.

Prevention Produce for Women with Gestational Diabetes: A Student-Run Nutrition Education Program Partnered with Local Farmer’s Markets to Improve Pregnancy Outcomes

Abstract Objectives Gestational diabetes (GDM), glucose intolerance with onset during pregnancy, is associated with increased risk of maternal and fetal complications. Prevention and management are critical, with diet and exercise as mainstays. Diets rich in fruits and vegetables are beneficial for glucose control. Despite receiving nutrition counseling by dietitians, patients often have difficulty successfully implementing lifestyle changes. Prevention Produce is a student-run program previously shown to benefit patients with hypertension. This pilot study was conducted to determine feasibility of implementing Prevention Produce with a tailored nutrition curriculum for women with newly diagnosed GDM. Secondary aims included measurement of change in nutrition knowledge, fruits and vegetable intake, glucose control, and incidence of related pregnancy complications. Methods Women newly diagnosed with GDM through routine obstetric care at Penn State were screened and consented. Baseline data was obtained, including a nutrition knowledge questionnaire, validated food intake survey, and fruit and vegetable preferences. Nutrition, public health and medical students collaborated to provide patients with four sessions each including nutrition lessons and vouchers for produce at a market. After completion of the program, participants repeated the questionnaires which were compared to baseline. Results To date, 6 out of 9 patients enrolled have completed the program. Of those who completed the program, 83% rated the program as excellent, felt it improved their health overall, and reported eating more fruits and vegetables. Additionally, 100% felt it helped manage their GDM. Nutrition knowledge improved in 83% of patients by an average of 14% in questionnaire scores. The majority of patients increased servings of vegetables compared to baseline, with increased preferences for peppers, tomatoes, and cucumbers predominating. Conclusions Preliminary results demonstrate that patients with newly diagnosed GDM find Prevention Produce helpful for improving produce intake and health overall. Participants will be monitored for the remainder of pregnancy, with a more in-depth evaluation of glucose control and rates of related complications. Funding Sources Community Start Up Grant, Penn State Hershey Public Health Sciences.

Global, Regional, and National Animal and Plant Source Food Intake Among Adolescents Ages 11–19 Years in 2015: An analysis from the Global Dietary Database

Abstract Objectives Global nutrition research and dietary recommendations have focused on infants/young children or adults with limited attention on the crucial ages of adolescents. Diet quality during adolescence is critical to support physical and mental development and promote healthy dietary behaviors in adulthood. Our objective was to estimate consumption of plant source foods (PSF) and animal source foods (ASF) among adolescents age 11–19 years globally. Methods The Global Dietary Database 2015 (GDD) includes national and subnational individual-level dietary intake survey data representing 1144 survey-years from 185 countries (97% of the world's population). A Bayesian hierarchical model combines stratum-specific dietary intakes from these surveys with survey-specific characteristics and time-varying country-level covariates (GDP, United Nations FAO Food Balance Sheets) to estimate mean dietary intake and uncertainty, jointly stratified by country, sex, age (15 groups), urban/rural residence, and education level for the years 1990–2015 adjusted to 2000 kcal/day. Serving sizes were based on using NHANES and USDA conversions. PSF includes fruits, vegetables, beans &amp; legumes, nuts &amp; seeds, and grains and ASF includes processed &amp; unprocessed meats, seafood, eggs, cheese, yogurt, and milk (poultry not yet available). Results In 2015, global mean intake of PSF among adolescents was 4.7 servings/d and ASF was 1.8 servings/d. Worldwide, most PSF intake came from non-starchy vegetables (28.9%) followed by refined grains (27.4%); and least from other starchy vegetables (2.1%). Unprocessed red meats represented the largest proportion of ASF intake globally (18.3%) followed by cheese (18.0%); with least from yogurt (2.7%). Adolescents in Asia consumed the most PSF (5.8 servings/d) with 41.4% from refined grains. Adolescents in high income countries consumed the most ASF (2.9 servings/d) with most from milk (29.1%) and cheese (20.5%). Additional subgroups and time trend findings will be presented. Conclusions These novel findings provide the most comprehensive estimates of PSF and ASF intake among adolescents globally. The results can help inform adolescent-specific dietary priorities and policy strategies to improve human and planetary health. Funding Sources Bill &amp; Melinda Gates Foundation.

Trend of Legume Intake in Korea: Data from Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1998∼2018

Abstract Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the legume intake of Korean adults. Methods To conduct this study, the subjects(total 86,222) who participated in the dietary intake survey (24 h recall method) were analyzed from the data of the 1998∼2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). 24-hour dietary recall data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used to assess legume intake for different daily meal/cooking locations. Results In the last 20 years, legume intake of Korean adults has increased by 2.3 g from 33.8 g in 1998 to 36.1 g in 2018. However, the ratio of legume intake from total food intake decreased by 0.3% from 2.7% in 1998 to 2.4% in 2018. This can be seen as a decrease in legume intake as a whole food variety. In particular, male decreased 0.4% from 2.8% in 1998 to 2.4% in 2018, while female in the same period decreased 0.1% from 2.5% in 1998 to 2.4% in 2018. Conclusions Legume, as a whole, contain many healthy ingredients, such as isoflavones and genistein, and are rich in vegetable proteins. Increasing consumption of these legumes requires dietary education and recipe development. Funding Sources This research was funded by Research Program for Agricultural Science &amp; Technology Development, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Korea (Project No. PJ01417202).

Dietary Assessment of Infants 4∼6 Years Old: Data from Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013∼2017

Abstract Objectives The objective of this study was to examine the food and nutrition intake of Korean infants(aged 4∼6 years). Methods To accomplish this research, data were collected from the 2013∼2017 KNHANES (Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) by the dietary intake survey(24-h recall method). This study included (478 aged 4 years, 462 aged 5 years and 454 aged 6 years, total: 1394) infants 4∼6 years old. To analyze the dietary assessment of Korean infants, the general characteristics, dietary behaviors, the frequently consumed foods(rice, fruit and vegetable) and food/nutrition intake were analyzed. Results The frequently consumed rice foods of infants were cooked white rice (ssalbab), cooked grain rice (japgogbab) and fried rice (bokkeumbab). The frequently consumed fruit and vegetable foods of infants were apple, mandarin and pear. Conclusions The results of this study can be used to provide basic data for the dietary guideline and nutrition education to improve the dietary life of Korean infants. Funding Sources This study was supported by the grant from the Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science &amp; Technology Development (no. PJ01416602), Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea.

Contribution of 100% Fruit Juice to Micronutrient Intakes in the United States, United Kingdom and Brazil.

The contribution of 100% fruit juice (FJ) to the total daily intakes of energy, sugars, and select vitamins and minerals and to the recommended dietary allowances (RDAs) or adequate intake (AI) of these micronutrients was assessed in individuals reporting the consumption of 100% FJ in the national dietary intake surveys of the United States (U.S.; n = 8661), the United Kingdom (UK; n = 2546) and Brazil (n = 34,003). Associations of 100% FJ intake with the odds of being overweight or obese also were assessed. Data from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013–2014), the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey (2012–2014), and Brazil’s Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares (2008–2009) were used, and all analyses were limited to individuals reporting consumption of 100% FJ on at least one day of the dietary intake survey. Approximately 34%, 37%, and 42% of individuals surveyed reported the consumption of 100% FJ on at least one day of the dietary intake survey in the U.S., UK, and Brazil, respectively, and the average daily intakes of 100% FJ were 184 g, 130 g, and 249 g, respectively. Across the 3 countries, 100% FJ contributed to 3–6% of total energy intakes, 12–31% of total sugar intakes, 21–54% of total vitamin C intakes, 1–12% of total vitamin A intakes, 4–15% of total folate intakes, 7–17% of total potassium intakes, 2–7% of total calcium intakes, and 4–12% of total magnesium intakes. In a multivariate logistic regression model, juice intake was associated with a significant reduction in the odds of being overweight or obese in UK adults (OR = 0.79; 0.63, 0.99), and significant increases in the odds of being overweight or obese in UK children (OR = 1.16; 1.01, 1.33) and Brazilian adults (OR = 1.04; 1.00, 1.09). Nutrient contributions of 100% FJ vary according to regional intake levels. In all three countries studied, 100% FJ contributed to more than 5% of the RDAs for vitamin C and folate. In the U.S. and Brazil, 100% FJ contributed to more than 5% of the RDA for magnesium and more than 5% of the AI for potassium.

Trends in Contraceptive Methods Among Substance Abusers Reveals Unmet Need [36I

INTRODUCTION: Female substance abusers are a vulnerable population facing numerous barriers to care, especially gynecological health. Access to contraception is a crucial part of women’s health; however, research on contraceptive use in substance abusers is limited. Our aim was to investigate contraceptive methods in a women’s substance abuse rehabilitation facility. METHODS: Data was taken from 697 intake surveys of reproductive-aged women between 2013 and 2019. Analysis examined contraceptive use by sociodemographic variables. Trends were compared with data from 2015-2017 National Surveys of Family Growth and 2017 state-level data from the CDC. RESULTS: The majority of women did not use contraceptives (40.3%), were sterilized (22.7%) or used condoms (21.1%). Compared to national and Louisiana-specific rates, this data reveals significantly higher proportions of no contraception and sterilization; conversely, there were lower rates of hormonal and long-acting reversible contraceptive methods (6.9; 4.9%). Substance-abusing women reported sterilization at a younger age (37) compared to national averages. 64.8% reported Medicaid enrollment; education and insurance were independent of contraceptive choice (X2=5.76, P=.22; X2=3.15, P=.53; P&lt;.05). CONCLUSION: Women in rehabilitation reported both a high rate of sterilization, and limited use of reversible contraceptives. Lack of variability in method could include amenorrhea from chronic substance use, mistrust of the healthcare system, and inadequate education on gynecological health. Residential rehabilitation facilities provide a unique opportunity for providers to deliver contraceptive education in a positive, encouraging environment, while women are focused on making positive lifestyle changes. Addressing this need would give these women greater autonomy over their health and fertility.

A Preliminary Analysis of a Multidisciplinary Fibroid Clinic Patient Satisfaction and Demographics [10F

INTRODUCTION: Fibroids are benign growths of the uterine muscle that can cause a variety of symptoms including abnormal uterine bleeding, pelvic pain, and bulk symptoms. Our institution created a dedicated multidisciplinary Fibroid Program to address the needs of patients with symptomatic fibroids. Cases were reviewed with gynecologists, diagnostic radiologists, and interventional radiologists to provide tailored treatment plans and counseling for patients. METHODS: Patients seen between 1/2014 and 8/2018 (n=312) completed intake surveys detailing demographic background, prior treatments, most problematic symptoms, and a validated quality of life (UFS-QOL) survey. One-year follow up surveys about treatments, Likert scale rated satisfaction, and updated UFS-QOL were sent out to all patients and responses (n=111) were analyzed. Chart review clarifying fibroid size and locations was also performed. RESULTS: The average age of patients was 43.6 ± 0.4 years old. Upon initial presentation, 70.1% reported abnormal bleeding, 80.6% had pain, 44.3% had urinary symptoms, 77.4% had abdominal fullness, and 32.5% had bowel complaints. The average UFS-QOL score prior to treatment was 53.0 (out of 100). After treatment the average UFS-QOL score was 78.3, a difference of 25.3 points after being seen in the Fibroid Program. Patient reported satisfaction was excellent, with 79.2% of patients rating their satisfaction at 5 out of 5. CONCLUSION: Patients had a high rate of satisfaction after participation in our multidisciplinary Fibroid Program and UFS-QOL scores improved. We hope that this model can continue to be used to improve the life of patients by demonstrating the success of multidisciplinary informed counseling, tailored treatment, and shared-decision making.