Coffee Intake Research Articles

Mastalgia Among Women Attending the Outpatient Clinics in Alwahda Teaching Hospital, Derna

Mastalgia, also known as mastodynia or breast pain, is a common symptom in clinical practice, with a prevalence ranging from 50% to 80% among women throughout their lives. While only a minority of women may require treatment, a proper assessment is essential for all patients to rule out underlying breast pathology. Addressing concerns, particularly the fear of harbouring cancer and the impact of severe pain on daily life, is crucial. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of both cyclical and non-cyclical mastalgia, identify underlying risk factors, and assess its impact on women's quality of life. A total of 580 patients were included in the study and evaluated using a closed-ended questionnaire. Among the 580 women studied, the prevalence of mastalgia was found to be 60%, with 43% experiencing noncyclical mastalgia. The majority of individuals experiencing mastalgia onset fall within the age range of 16-25 (41.7%). Mastalgia was positively correlated with stress (99.2%), a positive family history of mastalgia (22%), average body habitus (47.9%), lack of physical exercise (78.4%), high fat diet (20.8%) and excessive coffee intake (25%), a personal history of chronic illness (48.8%). It showed a weak correlation with other factors such as oral contraceptive pills (2.3%) and a positive family history of breast cancer (14.4%). The pain was primarily focal, unilateral, and of mild to moderate severity. Notably, 75% of cases had not undergone breast cancer screening despite their cancer phobia (64.6%). Improving mastalgia management requires increased awareness among women about its risk factors, reassurance, lifestyle modifications (such as regular exercise), and the use of local analgesics.

Coffee and the risk of osteoarthritis: a two-sample, two-step multivariable Mendelian randomization study.

Purpose: To investigate the potential causal relationship between coffee consumption and osteoarthritis (OA), and to disentangle whether body mass index (BMI) and Bone mineral density (BMD) mediate this relationship. Methods: We performed two-sample and two-step Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses utilizing publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary statistics to estimate the association between coffee intake and OA risk (including knee OA, hip OA, knee or hip OA, and total OA), as well as the possible mediating effects of BMI and BMD. In addition, data of different coffee types (decaffeinated coffee, instant coffee, ground coffee-including espresso, filter, etc., and other coffee types) were used to explore the effect of coffee type on the risk of OA. Results: In two-sample MR, coffee intake increased the risk of OA in various sites, with the most significant impact observed in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) (odds ratio [OR] 2.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.57-2.61, p < 0.001). The effect on self-reported OA was minimal (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01-1.05, p = 0.006). Further analysis of different types of coffee revealed that only decaffeinated coffee was causally associated with both KOA (OR 4.40, 95% CI 1.71-11.33, p = 0.002) and self-reported OA (OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.02-1.26, p = 0.022). In two-step MR, BMI explained over half of the coffee intake-all OA risk association, while BMD accounted for less than 5% of the mediation effect. Conclusion: Our study suggests that coffee intake increase the risk of OA, with BMI playing a significant mediating role. Decaffeinated coffee appears to have the greatest impact on OA risk compared to other types of coffee. Therefore, managing BMI and selecting appropriate types of coffee should be included in the health management of individuals who frequently consume coffee.

Genetic prediction of modifiable lifestyle factors for erectile dysfunction.

The causal relationship between certain lifestyle factors and erectile dysfunction (ED) is still uncertain. The study sought to investigate the causal effect of 9 life factors on ED through 2-sample single-variable Mendelian randomization (SVMR) and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MVMR). Genetic instruments to proxy 9 risk factors were identified by genome-wide association studies. The genome-wide association studies estimated the connection of these genetic variants with ED risk (n = 223 805). We conducted SVMR, inverse variance-weighting, Cochran's Q, weighted median, MR-Egger, MR-PRESSO (Mendelian Randomization Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier), and MVMR analyses to explore the total and direct relationship between life factors and ED. The primary outcome was defined as self or physician-reported ED, or using oral ED medication, or a history of surgery related to ED. In SVMR analyses, suggestive associations with increased the risk of ED were noted for ever smoked (odds ratio [OR], 5.894; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.469 to 3.079; P = .008), alcohol consumption (OR, 1.495; 95% CI, 0.044 to 0.760; P = .028) and body mass index (BMI) (OR, 1.177; 95% CI, 0.057 to 0.268; P = .003). Earlier age at first intercourse was significantly related to reduced ED risk (OR, 0.659; 95% CI, -0.592 to -0.244; P = 2.5 × 10-6). No strong evidence was found for the effect of coffee intake, time spent driving, physical activity, and leisure sedentary behaviors on the incidence of ED (All P > .05). The result of MVMR analysis for BMI (OR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.25; P = .045) and earlier age at first intercourse (OR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.56 to 0.99; P = .018) provided suggestive evidence for the direct impact on ED, while no causal factor was detected for alcoholic drinks per week and ever smoked. This study provides evidence for the impact of certain modifiable lifestyle factors on the development of ED. We performed both SVMR and MVMR to strengthen the causal relationship between exposures and outcomes. However, the population in this study was limited to European ancestry. Ever smoked, alcoholic drinks per week, BMI, and age first had sexual intercourse were causally related to ED, while the potential connection between coffee intake, physical activity, recreational sedentary habits, and increased risk of ED needs to be further confirmed.

Causal relationship between diet and knee osteoarthritis: A Mendelian randomization analysis.

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common disabling joint disease that affects millions of people worldwide. Diet may play a role in the etiology and progression of KOA, but evidence for a causal relationship is limited. We aimed to investigate the causal impact of dietary intake on KOA risk using Mendelian randomization (MR). We used summary-level data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) including dietary intake (n = 335, 394-462, 342), and KOA (n = 403, 124). We selected 6-77 genetic variants as instrumental variables for 18 dietary factors, including processed meat, poultry, beef, oily fish, non-oily fish, pork, lamb, frequency of alcohol intake, alcoholic beverages, tea, coffee, dried fruit, cereals, cheese, bread, cooked vegetables, salad/raw vegetables, and fresh fruit. We performed univariate and multivariate MR analyses to estimate the causal effect of each dietary factor on KOA risk. We also performed some sensitivity analyses to assess the validity of the MR hypothesis. We found that higher coffee intake was associated with increased KOA risk, whereas higher intake of dried fruits, grains, cheese, and oily fish was associated with reduced KOA risk. After multivariate adjustment, we found that coffee and oily fish intake may affect KOA through obesity, body mass index (BMI), diabetes, hypertension, and prolonged standing. Sensitivity analyses did not reveal any evidence of pleiotropy. Our study provides new causal evidence that dietary intake may influence KOA risk. Specifically, we suggest that increased intake of dried fruits, grains, cheese, and oily fish and decreased coffee intake may be beneficial in preventing and mitigating KOA. further studies are needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and to confirm our findings in different populations.

Tea and coffee consumption impact on the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is diagnosed when≥5–10% of hepatocytes display macroscopic steatosis in the absence of other etiologies of liver disease. Consumption of coffee or tea or both may decrease the risk of NAFLD, as recommended by studies of liver enzymes. Methods: The required data was collected from different databases such as EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed, and Web of Science as well as the database inception to July 2021. In addition, pooled mean difference and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were considered in the random effects model. Results: Of the total collected 218 articles, 8 met our inclusion criteria to be involved in the meta-analysis. Four studies assessed green tea and one study assessed sour tea consumption in NAFLD patients. Three studies assessed coffee use. All studies have shown an inverse correlation of coffee intake with elevated serum enzyme levels. Based on the meta-analysis outcome, the mean alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in the intervention group was measured as 12.50 points less than that of the control group. The mean aspartate aminotransferase (AST) of the intervention group was 9.23 points lower than that of the control group (P value&lt;0.001). Conclusion: There is increasing evidence that steadily revealed an opposite relationship between the consumption amount of green tea and coffee and the risk of liver diseases. This meta-analysis supports the protective role of the mentioned beverages in patients suffering from NAFLD.

Validation of N-Methylpyridinium as a Feasible Biomarker for Roasted Coffee Intake

Health-related nutritional human studies rely on the validity of dietary data provided by study participants. Reliable biomarkers for food intake help objectify data collected by food frequency questionnaires. They facilitate the monitoring of compliance with the study requirements, e.g., abstinence from food, help clean biased data, and remove non-compliant individuals. Biomarker candidates are often revealed by sophisticated metabolomics analyses of body fluids, e.g., urine or plasma, collected from case and control study populations. However, validation for using a biomarker candidate in real-life scenarios is seldomly executed. Coffee is a food item of high interest because of the abundance of bioactive compounds and the regularity of life-time consumption by a large part of the population. Coffee has been found to positively impact cardiovascular risk, type 2 diabetes, and cognitive decline. Coffee and its health implications, therefore, are of high interest. A suitable dietary biomarker for coffee consumption is desirable for the clear classification of study participants as coffee drinkers or non-coffee drinkers to enable correlation of physiological response to dietary habits, e.g., coffee consumption. Here, we propose the roast coffee compound N-methylpyridinium (NMP) as a promising biomarker of pragmatic use to distinguish a coffee drinker from a non-coffee drinker. NMP is an easily accessible analytical target from the plasma and urine matrix that can help determine precedent exposure to roasted coffee products. We review the published information on the coffee compound N-methylpyridinium in foods, coffee, and plasma/urine after coffee consumption, and evaluate the data in the context of the proposed food biomarker criteria “plausibility”, “time- and dose–response”, “robustness”, “reliability”, “stability”, “analytical performance”, and “reproducibility”. An additional data set is acquired to fill the gaps in the literature. In summary, we conclude that the abundance of NMP can serve as a reliable analytical tool to verify recent consumption of roasted coffee. The use of NMP appears limited to being qualitative, as NMP abundance in coffee and human biosamples is affected by several parameters, e.g., the roasting conditions and the volume and time of coffee consumed.

A Mendelian randomization study on the causal relationship between smoking, alcohol consumption, and the development of myopia and astigmatism.

The influence of environmental factors like smoking and alcohol on myopia and astigmatism is controversial. However, due to ethical concerns, alternative study designs are urgently needed to assess causal inference, as mandatory exposure to cigarettes and alcohol is unethical. Following comprehensive screenings, 326 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to myopia and astigmatism were included in the dataset. To validate the causal association between exposures such as cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and coffee intake, and outcomes namely astigmatism and myopia, five regression models were employed. These models encompassed MR-Egger regression, random-effects inverse-variance weighted (IVW), weighted median estimator (WME), weighted model, and simple model. The instrumental variables utilized in these analyses were the aforementioned SNPs. Apply Cochran's Q test to determine heterogeneity of SNPs; if heterogeneity exists, focus on IVW model results. The IVW model showed a 1.379-fold increase in the risk of astigmatism (OR = 1.379, 95%CI 0.822~2.313, P = 0.224) and a 0.963-fold increase in the risk of myopia (OR = 0.963, 95%CI 0.666~1.393, P = 0.841) for each unit increase in smoking. For each unit increase in coffee intake, the risk of astigmatism increased 1.610-fold (OR = 1.610, 95%CI 0.444~5.835, P = 0.469) and the risk of myopia increased 0.788-fold (OR = 0.788, 95%CI 0.340~1.824, P = 0.578). For each additional unit of alcohol consumption, the risk of astigmatism increased by 0.763-fold (OR = 0.763, 95%CI 0.380~1.530, P = 0.446), and none of the differences were statistically significant. However, for each unit of alcohol consumption, the risk of myopia increased by 1.597 times, and the difference was statistically significant (OR = 1.597, 95%CI 1.023~2.493, P = 0.039). The findings indicate that alcohol consumption is a risk factor for myopia but smoking and coffee intake do not affect its development. Additionally, there is no association between smoking, alcohol consumption, coffee intake, and the risk of astigmatism.

Beverage consumption in patients with metabolic syndrome and its association with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a cross-sectional study.

Previous research has examined the association between coffee and tea consumption and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Preclinical studies have indicated the potential hepatoprotective properties of cocoa/chocolate. However, clinical research on the consumption of cocoa/chocolate and soft drinks and their relation to NAFLD, particularly among individuals with metabolic syndrome, is limited. This study primarily aimed to assess the association between beverage consumption and NAFLD in these patients. This cross-sectional study enrolled adult patients with metabolic syndrome visited the Medicine Outpatient Department at Siriraj Hospital, Thailand, from November 2011 to January 2013. The exclusion criteria were secondary causes of hepatic steatosis, such as excessive alcohol use, viral hepatitis, or drug-induced hepatitis. Participants completed a 23-item self-administered questionnaire covering their beverage consumption habits, including type, frequency, volume, duration, and additives in drinks, namely, coffee, tea, cocoa/chocolate, and soft drinks. To ensure accurate responses, these questionnaires were supplemented by face-to-face interviews. Ultrasonography was employed early in the methodology to diagnose NAFLD. Univariable analyses were used to compare the beverage consumption behaviors of participants with and without NAFLD. Multivariable logistic regression was used to adjust for potential confounders, including total beverage energy intake, age, anthropometric data, laboratory results, and comorbidities. This study included 505 patients with metabolic syndrome. Of these, 341 (67.5%, 95%CI: 63.2-71.6%) were diagnosed with NAFLD. The consumption rates of coffee, cocoa/chocolate, and soft drinks were similar between the two groups. However, tea consumption was significantly more common in patients with NAFLD (68.3% vs. 51.8%, p < 0.001). The groups had no significant differences in caffeine intake or total energy intake from beverages. Notably, daily intake of three or more cups of coffee was correlated with a reduced prevalence of NAFLD, with an adjusted odds ratio of 0.35 (95%CI: 0.14-0.89). This study revealed that patients with metabolic syndrome, irrespective of NAFLD status, exhibited similar patterns of beverage consumption. While no definitive associations were identified between the intake of coffee, tea, cocoa/chocolate, or soft drinks and NAFLD, a notable exception was observed. A higher consumption of coffee (≥3 cups daily) was associated with a lower prevalence of NAFLD.

Moderate Coffee Intake and Mediterranean Diet Adherence Alleviate Lipid and Oxidative Stress Markers in Older Women

Moderate Coffee Intake and Mediterranean Diet Adherence Alleviate Lipid and Oxidative Stress Markers in Older Women

Coffee Intake, Plasma Caffeine Levels, and Kidney Function: Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Among East Asian and European Ancestries

IntroductionPrevious Mendelian randomization (MR) studies for the coffee-kidney association have reported inconsistent relationships in European populations and never examined mediators of this association. We aimed to evaluate this causal relationship using two-sample MR among both East Asian and European ancestries and to explore underlying mechanisms using plasma caffeine levels. MethodsAmong East Asians, the largest genome-wide association study (GWAS) results for coffee intake, plasma caffeine levels, and kidney outcomes were obtained from 152,634, 8,940, and 47,070 Japanese adults. Among Europeans, summary statistics were acquired from European GWAS with 428,860, 7,719, and 564,470 adults for each trait. We applied different MR methods (inverse-variance weighted with random effects, weighted median, weighted mode, and MR-Egger). ResultsAfter excluding possible pleiotropic variants, among East Asian ancestry, drinking an extra coffee intake per week showed a protective association on eGFRcre (β=0.077; 95% CI=0.003 to 0.150). Analysis in European ancestry also showed a causal relationship between drinking an extra coffee intake per day and eGFRcre (β=0.052; 95% CI=0.027 to 0.078). These results were consistent across different MR methods accounting for invalid instruments. Higher plasma caffeine levels were associated with lower eGFRcre among both East Asian (β=–0.071; 95% CI=–0.137 to –0.006) and European ancestries (β=–0.048; 95% CI=–0.057 to –0.040). ConclusionsOur cross-ancestry MR study found beneficial effects of coffee intake on eGFRcre. However, given the possible adverse effects of plasma caffeine levels on eGFRcre, results interpretation should be carefully considered and further investigations on non-caffeine and biological pathways are needed.

Association between Beverage Consumption and Sleep Quality in Adolescents.

The objective of this study was to verify if the consumption of different beverages (such as water, 100% pure fruit juice, and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs)) is associated with adolescents' sleep quality. French-speaking adolescents were recruited in person and online throughout the province of Québec (Canada) from the end of March to early July 2023. Beverage consumption and sleep quality were measured using French versions of validated questionnaires specifically designed for adolescents. A total of 218 adolescents (14-17 years; 55.5% female) completed the online survey. Among caffeinated SSBs, energy drink (rs = -0.16; p = 0.0197) and sugar-sweetened coffee (rs = -0.33; p < 0.0001) intake was correlated with adolescents' sleep quality. Energy drink consumption (β = -0.0048; p = 0.0005) and being male (β = 0.6033; p < 0.0001) were associated with adolescents' sleep quality. There was an interaction between sugar-sweetened coffee intake and biological sex that was associated with adolescents' sleep quality (p = 0.0053). Sugar-sweetened coffee consumption was correlated with adolescent girls' abilities to go to bed (rs = -0.21; p = 0.0203) and fall asleep (rs = -0.28; p = 0.0020), while in boys, it was only significantly correlated with their abilities to go to bed (rs = -0.27; p = 0.0069). Public health interventions aimed at adolescent boys should primarily target lowering energy drink consumption, while those aimed at girls should prioritize sugar-sweetened coffee intake to possibly improve their sleep quality.

The impact of consumed coffee on the digestive system - review of the latest research

IntroductionCoffee stands as the second most widely consumed beverage globally, following water.[1] Recent research on the effects of coffee consumption underscores its positive outcomes when adhering to recommended doses—typically ranging from 2 to 5 cups a day, amounting to a maximum of 400 mg of caffeine daily. This newfound perspective highlights the potential benefits of moderate coffee intake on our overall health and well-being.&#x0D; Aim of the studyThe objective of this study was to comprehensively review the existing knowledge regarding the impact of coffee consumption on diverse aspects of the gastrointestinal tract.Materials and methodologyA literature review was conducted utilizing the PubMed, Google Scholar, and Google databases. Articles were systematically searched in both English and Polish, employing the keywords: coffee, caffeine, digestive system, digestion, and cancer.ResultsRecent research highlights coffee's diverse benefits, aiding digestion, hastening transit, and showing potential in cancer prevention. It stimulates gastric acid, enhances bile and pancreatic secretion, reduces gallstone risk, promotes large intestine movement, and modulates intestinal flora. Importantly, coffee isn't a primary factor in conditions like reflux, ulcers, inflammatory bowel diseases, or cancer.&#x0D; ConclusionsFurther research is essential to deepen our understanding of coffee's impact on the digestive system and its systemic effects on the body. Additionally, promoting awareness of safe daily caffeine doses that can contribute to health is worthwhile.

The effect of antioxidant dietary supplements and diet-derived circulating antioxidants on vitiligo outcome: evidence from genetic association and comprehensive Mendelian randomization.

Previous studies have indicated that antioxidant diets may have a positive impact on vitiligo by interfering with oxidative stress mechanisms. However, there has been a lack of research utilizing the Mendelian randomization (MR) method to analyze the relationship between antioxidant diet intake and vitiligo. In this study, we employed both univariate Mendelian randomization (UVMR) and multivariate Mendelian randomization (MVMR) approaches. The specific antioxidant dietary supplements (such as coffee intake, green tea intake, herbal tea intake, standard tea intake, and average weekly red wine intake) as well as diet-derived circulating antioxidants, including Vit. C (ascorbate), Vit. E (α-tocopherol), Vit. E (γ-tocopherol), Carotene, Vit. A (retinol), Zinc, and Selenium (N = 2,603-428,860) were significantly associated with independent single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). We obtained pooled statistics on vitiligo from a meta-analysis of three genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of European ancestry, including 4,680 cases and 39,586 controls. Inverse variance weighted (IVW) was employed as the primary analytical method, and sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess the robustness of the main findings. Genetically, coffee intake [odds ratio (OR) = 0.17, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.07-0.37, p = 1.57 × 10-5], average weekly red wine intake (OR = 0.28, 95% CI 0.08-1.00, p = 0.049), and standard tea intake (OR = 0.99, 95% CI 0.98-0.99, p = 5.66 × 10-7) were identified as protective factors against vitiligo. However, no causal effect between the intake of other antioxidant diets and vitiligo was found. Moreover, no instances of pleiotropy or heterogeneity were observed in this study. Our study indicates that coffee, standard tea, and red wine consumption can potentially reduce the risk of vitiligo. However, there is insufficient evidence to support that other antioxidant diets have a significant effect on vitiligo.

Beverage consumption and facial skin aging: Evidence from Mendelian randomization analysis.

Observational studies have linked coffee, alcohol, tea, and sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption to facial skin aging. However, confounding factors may influence these studies. The present two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) investigated the potential causal association between beverage consumption and facial skin aging. The single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with coffee, alcohol, and tea intake were derived from the IEU project. The SSB-associated SNPs were selected from a genome-wide association study (GWAS). Data on facial skin aging were derived from the largest GWAS involving 16 677 European individuals. The inverse variance-weighted (IVW) was the main MR analysis method, supplemented by other methods (MR-Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode). The MR-Egger intercept analysis was used for sensitivity analysis. Moreover, we conducted a replication analysis using data from another GWAS dataset on coffee consumption to validate our findings. Four instrumental variables (IVs) sets were used to examine the causal association between beverage consumption (coffee, alcohol, tea, SSB) and facial skin aging. Our results revealed that genetically predicted higher coffee consumption reduced the risk of facial skin aging (OR: 0.852; 95% CI: 0.753-0.964; p = 0.011, IVW method). The sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the findings, with no evidence of pleiotropy or heterogeneity. The results of replicated MR analysis on coffee consumption were consistent with the initial analysis (OR = 0.997; 95% CI = 0.996-0.999; p = 0.003, IVW method). This study manifests that higher coffee consumption is significantly associated with a reduced risk of facial skin aging. These findings can offer novel strategies for identifying the underlying etiology of facial skin aging.

Coffee and the Brain: A Comprehensive Review of Its Neurological and Psychiatric Effects

Abstract Coffee intake is a popular and widespread habit worldwide, with many individuals relying on it for its stimulating effects on cognitive function and mood. However, coffee’s neurologic and psychiatric effects have been the subject of debate among researchers and health-care professionals. This review essay aims to synthesize the existing literature on the topic to understand better the relationship between coffee intake and neurologic and psychiatric outcomes. A systematic search of the PubMed database was conducted to identify relevant research articles published between 2005 and 2022. The search terms included “coffee,” “neurologic,” “psychiatric,” “cognitive,” “mood,” and “depression.” Studies were included if they examined the effects of coffee intake on neurologic or psychiatric outcomes, were published in English, and were conducted on human participants. A total of 29 studies were included in the final review. The studies reviewed in this essay provide evidence for coffee intake’s neurologic and psychiatric effects. Caffeine, the essential psychoactive compound in coffee, is known to have stimulating effects on the central nervous system. It has also been shown to improve cognitive function and attention by blocking adenosine receptors in the brain, leading to increased activity in the prefrontal cortex. Several studies have demonstrated that moderate coffee intake can enhance cognitive function, particularly in older adults. In addition, the consumption of coffee has been implicated with a reduced risk of depression, as well as a lower risk of developing Parkinson’s disease. In conclusion, coffee intake positively affects cognitive functioning and mood, particularly in moderation. However, further research is required to understand the mechanisms behind these effects and determine the optimal coffee intake for neurologic and psychiatric benefits. In addition, future research should explore the potential adverse effects of excessive coffee intake, such as anxiety and sleep disturbances, to inform safe coffee intake recommendations for individuals. Overall, this review essay provides valuable insight into the neurologic and psychiatric effects of the consumption of coffee and highlights the need for further research in this field.

Physiological impact of a single cup of coffee on systemic blood pressure and heart rate – A randomized controlled trial

Background: Coffee is a prevalent beverage that is consumed on a global scale. This study was done to depict the immediate effects of caffeine on systemic blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) in young healthy, normotensive individuals who consume coffee on an infrequent basis, using validated non-invasive techniques. The acute properties of caffeine have been the subject of numerous studies, and we’ll be exploring the latest findings on this topic. Thus, we think that it is more useful to ascertain if a typical cup of coffee can produce a significant rise in BP and HR. Aims and Objectives: This research aimed to examine the effect of a single cup of coffee on the HR and BP of young healthy adults. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 68 participants from 1st-year MBBS students enrolled in the study of those 4 were excluded as two males showed systemic BP of &gt;140/80 and we have excluded two females to maintain an equal male and female ratio. In a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 64 healthy subjects were first divided into caffeine and placebo groups. One cup of coffee and a placebo drink were administered orally to 64 healthy, normotensive adults, and BP (systolic BP [SBP], diastolic BP [DBP]) and HR were observed. Results: Administration of caffeine shows increased systolic and DBP from 0 to 30 min after coffee intake was significantly higher in the caffeine group than in the placebo group. The mean SBP, DBP at 90 min in the caffeine group was compared to the mean SBP, DBP at 90 min in the placebo group. The mean difference in both was statistically significant with a P &lt; 0.001. Conclusion: The present study concludes that the ingestion of a single cup of caffeinated coffee may elicit a significant increase in both systolic and DBP, as well as in HR, among young, healthy, and sporadic coffee consumers. Notably, such a rise in physiological parameters may interfere with the accuracy of BP measurements taken in the few hours following coffee intake, especially in individuals who consume coffee on an occasional basis.

Coffee intake leads to preeclampsia-like syndromes in susceptible pregnant rats.

Coffee is one of the most popular beverages worldwide, and there is an increasing concern of the health risk of coffee consumption in pregnancy. Preeclampsia (PE) is a serious pregnancy disease that causes elevated blood pressure and proteinuria in pregnant women and growth restriction of fetuses due to poorly developed placental vasculature. The aim of our study is to investigate the possible effect of coffee intake during pregnancy in rats with potential underlying vasculature conditions. The endothelial nitric oxide synthase inhibitor N(gamma)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) at a high dose (125 mg/kg/d) was used to induce PE in pregnant rats, which were used as the positive control group. In addition, low-dose L-NAME (10 mg/kg/d) was used to simulate the compromised placental vasculature function in pregnant rats. Coffee was given together with low-dose L-NAME to the pregnant rats from gestational day 10.5-18.5. Our results show that the pregnant rats treated with low-dose L-NAME + coffee, but not low-dose L-NAME alone, developed PE symptoms such as prominent fetal growth restriction, hypertension, and proteinuria. Therefore, our findings suggest that coffee intake during pregnancy may cause an increased risk of PE in susceptible women.

Skin Barrier Function Assessment: Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy Is Less Influenced by Daily Routine Activities Than Transepidermal Water Loss.

Skin barrier function assessment is commonly done by measuring transepidermal water loss (TEWL). An important limitation of this method is the influence of intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a lesser-established method for skin barrier function assessment. Some influential factors have been described, but no guidelines exist regarding the standardization of these measurements. To evaluate the effect size of daily routine activities on TEWL and EIS, as well as their correlation with age and anatomical differences. Healthy participants (n=31) were stratified into three age groups (18-29, 30-49, and ≥50 years). In a climate-controlled room, EIS and TEWL measurements were performed on the left and right volar forearm and abdomen. Body cream application decreased TEWL and EIS values after 15 and 90 minutes. Skin washing decreased TEWL for 15 minutes and EIS values for at least 90 minutes. TEWL was increased 5 minutes after moderate to intense exercise. Coffee intake increased TEWL on the abdomen after 60 minutes. TEWL and EIS values did not correlate with participants' age and no anatomical differences were observed. No correlation was observed between TEWL and EIS. Body cream application and skin washing should be avoided at least 90 minutes prior to measurements of TEWL and EIS. Exercise and coffee intake should also be avoided prior to TEWL measurements. EIS may be a promising tool for skin barrier function assessment as it is less affected by daily routine activities than TEWL.

Effects of coffee on cognitive function.

This chapter thoroughly examines coffee's impact on cognitive function. It synthesizes research findings involving animals and humans, investigating coffee's influence on various memory and cognitive aspects, including short-term/working memory, long-term memory, attention, vigilance, executive functions, and processing speed. The chapter also discusses moderating factors, such as dose-response relationships, individual differences, age, and habitual consumption patterns, that influence the cognitive effects of coffee. Additionally, it addresses the potential risks and adverse effects associated with coffee intake, memory, and cognitive function, including stress and anxiety, sleep disturbances, cardiovascular effects, and addiction. Studies suggest moderate coffee intake improves attention, processing speed, decision-making, and certain executive functions. However, the effects vary depending on factors like dosage, individual traits, age, and sleep habits. Despite potential benefits, coffee consumption may lead to adverse effects such as anxiety, sleep issues, cardiovascular concerns, and dependency. Future research should address methodological concerns, incorporate neuroimaging methods, explore interactions with other substances, and investigate long-term effects and therapeutic uses. Understanding coffee's neuroscience can shed light on its role in daily life and health.

The association between the amount and timing of coffee consumption with chronic kidney disease in diabetic patients.

Previous studies have suggested that diabetic patients should align their food and nutrient intake with their biological metabolic rhythm. However, the optimal timing of coffee consumption to prevent the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in diabetic patients remains unknown. This study aims to examine the association between the amount and timing of coffee consumption and CKD prevalence in diabetic patients. We recruited a nationally representative sample of 8564 diabetes patients from NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) from 2003 to 2018. Coffee intake was assessed using a 24 hour dietary recall and categorized into different time periods throughout the day: dawn-to-forenoon (5:00 a.m. to 8:00 a.m.), forenoon-to-noon (8:00 a.m. to 12:00 p.m.), noon-to-evening (12:00 p.m. to 6:00 p.m.), and evening-to-dawn (6:00 p.m. to 5:00 a.m.). Logistic regression models were used to assess the association between the amount and timing of coffee consumption and the prevalence of CKD in diabetic patients. After adjusting for potential confounders, diabetic patients who had the status of coffee consumption throughout the day had a lower prevalence of CKD compared to those who did not (OR: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.80-0.99). In terms of the timing of coffee consumption, diabetic patients who consumed coffee or had higher levels of coffee consumption from dawn-to-forenoon had a lower incidence risk of CKD (OR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.77-0.98; OR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.70-0.98). Conversely, diabetic patients who consumed higher levels of coffee during the noon-to-evening and evening-to-dawn periods had an increased incidence risk of CKD (OR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.07-1.71 and OR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.01-1.64, respectively). These observations remained robust across different participant subtypes. Our results indicated that diabetic patients who consumed coffee from dawn-to-forenoon had a lower risk of developing CKD, while those who consumed coffee from noon-to-evening or evening-to-dawn had an increased risk.