If major changes in the organization of American medical services were to follow from the enactment of the National Health Bill' in its present form, it would be principally by virtue of Title XIII which that bill proposes to add to the Social Security Act.2 The proposed Tide XIII authorizes grants-in-aid to states for the purpose of enabling them to extend and improve medical care (including all services and supplies necessary for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of illness and disability).3 It is under this title that state measures establishing systems of compulsory health insurance might qualify for federal grants, and hence the title introduces what is assuredly the most controversial of the debated aspects of the national health program. But, as the language quoted above makes obvious, Title XIII does not require the adoption of compulsory health insurance as a prerequisite to the grants it authorizes. On the contrary, it is couched in terms of unusual generality, terms which are sufficiently broad to permit the qualification of a diversity of other measures designed to extend and improve medical care. Most, and perhaps all, such other measures can be comprehended in the broad category of medical services, namely, medical services administered by governmental agencies and supported by taxation. Proposed state legislation establishing compulsory health insurance systems which might qualify for grants under Title XIII is discussed in the succeeding article in this symposium. This note will deal briefly with problems to be considered in devising state public medical service legislation to qualify for grants under that title. Although health insurance legislation would constitute a more drastic departure from past American practice and hence the issues of policy which it raises may be graver than